Comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation recovery under different terrains

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of turf transplantation, in particular to a comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation recovery under different terrains, which comprises the following steps of: selecting grassland community quadrats with different terrain gradients in a red line range of a route to strip the turf; storing the peeled turf for a period of time; in a predetermined greening range, selecting a contrast area and a plurality of re-paving areas, re-paving the turfs corresponding to different terrain gradients into different re-paving areas, and planting grass in the contrast area; after the turf is laid back for a period of time, turf root system data of multiple types of turf root system parameters in different areas are collected; performing data processing on all turf root system data to obtain comprehensive scores of different regions; and comparing the comprehensive score of the plurality of re-paving areas with the comprehensive score of the contrast area, and selecting a greening mode of a predetermined greening range. The landform slope suitable for turf transplanting can be obtained, and therefore a corresponding guiding function is provided for construction of follow-up greening operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of turf transplantation, and in particular to a comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation restoration under different terrains. Background Art

[0002] The existing greening work after construction work usually adopts turf transplantation or grass planting. Among them, grass planting is a method of establishing a lawn by sowing grass seeds directly into the soil, while turf transplantation is to peel off the turf at the construction site and lay the peeled turf back to the area where greening is required at the construction site. Among them, the cost of grass planting is usually lower than turf transplantation, and in some environments, the growth effect of turf transplantation is usually higher than that of grass planting.

[0003] Among them, plateau turf is very valuable because it is very old and difficult to restore after being destroyed. In plateau engineering construction, turf transplantation is usually adopted, that is, the turf at the construction site is peeled off and the peeled turf is laid back to the slope area where greening is required at the construction site. This construction allows the turf to quickly adapt to the soil, climate and other conditions of the original site, reducing the growth problems that may occur after transplantation and improving the survival rate. It also saves a lot of resources such as seeds and fertilizers. At the same time, due to the reduction of the planting and maintenance cycle, it also reduces the investment of manpower and time, thereby saving costs. Back-laying can quickly restore the coverage and ecological functions of the lawn, such as preventing soil erosion and regulating microclimate. It reduces soil disturbance and vegetation damage caused by transplantation, which is conducive to maintaining the stability and ecological balance of the surrounding environment.

[0004] However, during the construction process, it was found that when turf transplantation was used for greening, the growth effects of turf peeled from areas with different terrain slopes were different after transplantation. The growth effects of turf under some terrain slopes after transplantation were better than the conventional grass planting greening method, but the growth effects of turf under other terrain slopes after transplantation were worse than the conventional grass planting greening method, and there were even cases of turf death after transplantation, which affected the overall quality and effect of greening after on-site construction. At present, turfs of different terrain slopes are not differentiated during the turf transplantation process, and special turf transplantation related maintenance is required at the same time, resulting in unnecessary maintenance costs.

[0005] Therefore, a method is needed to guide turf transplantation and identify which terrain slopes meet the turf transplantation requirements. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the lack of guidance schemes for transplanting turf on slopes with different terrains in the prior art, and to provide a comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains.

[0007] The present invention provides a comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains, comprising the steps of: S1. Within the red line of the route, select grassland community plots with different terrain slopes for turf stripping; S2. storing the stripped turf for a period of time; S3. Within the predetermined greening area, multiple areas are selected, the multiple areas include a control area and multiple re-laying areas, turf corresponding to different terrain slopes is re-laid in different re-laying areas, and grass is planted in the control area; S4. After the turf is laid back for a period of time, turf root system data of multiple types of turf root system parameters in different areas are collected; S5. Process all turf root system data to obtain comprehensive scores for different areas; S6. Compare the comprehensive scores of the multiple re-paving areas with the comprehensive score of the control area, and select a greening method for the predetermined greening range.

[0008] This method is applied before specific construction. By stripping, storing, and re-laying the turf of different terrain slopes, the turf transplantation operation in actual operation is simulated in advance, and the growth effect of turf transplantation under different terrain slopes can be checked in advance. On this basis, from the purpose of selecting turf transplantation, the growth effect of turf transplantation should be higher than that of grass planting. Therefore, by setting up a control area in the predetermined greening range and planting grass in the control area, the growth effect of turf transplantation with different terrain slopes in the project can be compared with the growth effect of grass planting, so as to determine which terrain slopes meet the purpose of turf transplantation. By collecting turf root system data of multiple types of turf root system parameters in different regions, and processing each data to obtain the corresponding comprehensive score, the plant growth effect can be quantitatively judged, and by comparing the comprehensive scores of different regions, it is intuitively obtained which terrain slopes meet the purpose of turf transplantation.

[0009] Optionally, before step S1, the route is divided into a plurality of sections along its path, and subsequent steps are performed on the route redline range of each section respectively.

[0010] Optionally, in step S1, the different terrain slopes include: a slope of [0°, 5°), a slope of [5°, 15°), a slope of [15°, 30°), a slope of [30°, 45°), and a slope of [45°, 60°].

[0011] Optionally, the multiple types of turf root parameters include turf root surface area, turf root total length, average root diameter, number of live roots per unit volume of turf, and fresh weight of live roots per unit volume.

[0012] Optionally, in step S5, the method of processing all turf root system data to obtain comprehensive scores of different areas is as follows: Normalize all turf root system data to obtain normalized index values ​​of each turf root system data; Based on the normalized index value of each turf root system data, the weight of each type of turf root system parameter is obtained; Based on the normalized index value of each turf root system data and the weight of each type of turf root system parameter, a comprehensive score for each area is obtained.

[0013] Optionally, in step S5, the method of normalizing all turf root system data to obtain the normalized index value of each turf root system data is: Different regions are labeled in sequence, with label m = 1, 2, ..., ; Label different turf root parameters, label n=1, 2..., q; Substitute all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in each type of turf root system parameter into the forward processing formula to obtain the positive index value corresponding to each turf root system data; The forward processing formula is: ; in, is the positive index value of the root system parameter of the m area corresponding to the n turf, is the turf root system data of area m corresponding to n turf root system parameters, is the minimum value of all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in n turf root system parameters, It is the maximum value of all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in n turf root system parameters; Perform non-negative processing on each positive indicator value to obtain a non-negative indicator value corresponding to each positive indicator value, so that each non-negative indicator value is not equal to 0; The formula for the non-negative processing is: ; in, is the non-negative index value of the root system parameter of the m area corresponding to the n turf; Normalize each non-negative index value to obtain a normalized index value corresponding to each non-negative index value; The formula for the normalization process is: ; in, It is the normalized index value of the root system parameter of the turf n corresponding to the m area.

[0014] Optionally, in step S5, the method for obtaining the weight of each type of turf root system parameter based on the normalized index value of each turf root system data is: Calculate the entropy value for each normalized index value to obtain the entropy value corresponding to each normalized index value, and sum all the entropy values ​​corresponding to different regions in each type of turf root system parameter to obtain the total entropy value corresponding to each type of turf root system parameter; The calculation formula of the entropy value is: ; in, is the entropy value of the root system parameters of the m area corresponding to the n turfs; The calculation formula of the total entropy value is: ; in, is the total entropy of the root system parameters of n turf; Calculate the difference coefficient for each total entropy value to obtain the difference coefficient corresponding to each type of turf root system parameter; The calculation formula for the coefficient of difference is: ; in, is the coefficient of variation of the root system parameters of n turfs; Based on each difference coefficient, the weight of each type of turf root parameter is obtained; The calculation formula of the weight is: ; in, is the weight of the nturf root system parameter.

[0015] Optionally, in step S5, the method for obtaining the comprehensive score of each area based on the normalized index value of each turf root system data and the weight of each type of turf root system parameter is: Based on the weight of each type of turf root parameter and all normalized index values ​​of each area, the comprehensive scores of different areas were obtained; The calculation formula of the comprehensive score is: ; in, is the comprehensive score of area m.

[0016] Optionally, in step S6, the comprehensive scores of the multiple re-paving areas are compared with the comprehensive scores of the control areas, and the greening method of the predetermined greening range is selected, specifically: When the comprehensive score of the re-paved area is greater than the comprehensive score of the control area, the turf with the terrain slope corresponding to the re-paved area is used for turf transplantation in the predetermined greening range; When the comprehensive score of the re-paved area is less than or equal to the comprehensive score of the control area, the turf having the terrain slope corresponding to the re-paved area should not be used for turf transplantation in the predetermined greening range.

[0017] Optionally, in step S1, multiple pieces of turf are stripped for each terrain slope; In step S2, in a natural environment, multiple pieces of turf corresponding to different terrain slopes are stacked and placed on a flat open space for storage, and the storage time of the turf is 3 months; In step S3, the grass planting method in the control area is spraying grass planting; In step S4, the time for re-laying the turf is 3 months.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This method provides a comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains. It is applied before specific construction. By stripping, storing, and re-laying turfs of different terrain slopes, the turf transplantation operation in actual operation is simulated in advance, and the growth effect of turf transplantation under different terrain slopes can be checked in advance. On this basis, from the purpose of selecting turf transplantation, the growth effect of turf transplantation should be higher than that of grass planting. Therefore, by setting up a control area in the predetermined greening range and planting grass in the control area, the growth effect of turf transplantation with different terrain slopes in the project can be compared with the growth effect of grass planting, so as to determine which terrain slopes meet the purpose of turf transplantation. By collecting turf root system data of multiple types of turf root system parameters in different regions, and processing each data to obtain the corresponding comprehensive score, the plant growth effect can be quantitatively judged, and by comparing the comprehensive scores of different regions, it is intuitively obtained which terrain slopes meet the purpose of turf transplantation.

[0019] Therefore, by carrying out the above steps, the terrain slope suitable for turf transplantation can be learned, thereby providing corresponding guidance for the construction of subsequent greening operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process of obtaining comprehensive scores of different regions in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a specific process for obtaining comprehensive scores for different regions in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation restoration under different terrains includes the following steps: S1. Within the red line of the route, select grassland community plots with different terrain slopes for turf stripping; Among them, based on the area occupied by different terrain slopes and the empirical judgment of the growth effects of different terrain slopes, different terrain slopes can be divided into: slope [0°, 5°), slope [5°, 15°), slope [15°, 30°), slope [30°, 45°), slope [45°, 60°]. Among them, the terrain slope of [0°, 5°) is similar to flat land, so it is divided out separately as a terrain slope for evaluation, and the remaining terrain slopes are divided according to a gradient of 15°. At the construction site, when the slope is greater than 60°, it is difficult to peel the turf manually or mechanically, so it is not included in the consideration scope for the time being, but it is understandable that when the turf with a slope greater than 60° can be peeled, the turf with a slope greater than 60° can also be included in the consideration scope.

[0024] S2, storing the peeled turf corresponding to different terrain slopes for a period of time, thereby simulating the process in actual operation that after peeling the turf, the turf must wait for the construction of the predetermined greening area to be completed before it can be laid back to the predetermined greening area, wherein the storage time of the turf can be 1-6 months; S3. Within the predetermined greening area, multiple areas are selected, wherein the multiple areas are control areas and multiple re-laying areas, turf corresponding to different terrain slopes is re-laid in different re-laying areas, and grass is planted in the control areas; The planned greening range refers to the range where greening is planned during construction. In road construction in plateau areas, the planned greening range may be the lower slope of the road.

[0025] It should be noted that the grass planting mentioned here is a method of establishing a lawn by sowing grass seeds directly into the soil, which is substantially different from turf transplantation.

[0026] S4. After the turf is re-laid for a period of time, turf root system data of various turf root system parameters in different areas are collected. The turf re-laid time cannot be too short, and at least the turf and the grass seeds sown in the control area need to complete growth in the corresponding area.

[0027] The turf root system data collected in the back-laying area is the turf root system data of the corresponding turf laid back in the control area, and the turf root system data collected in the control area is the turf root system data of the corresponding turf planted in the control area; S5. Process all turf root system data to obtain comprehensive scores for different areas; S6. Compare the comprehensive scores of the multiple re-paving areas with the comprehensive score of the control area, and select a greening method for the predetermined greening range.

[0028] Among them, this method is applied before the specific construction, by stripping, storing, and re-laying the turf of different terrain slopes, thereby pre-simulating the turf transplantation operation in the actual operation, and then being able to pre-check the growth effect of the turf transplanted under different terrain slopes. On this basis, from the purpose of selecting turf transplantation, the growth effect of turf transplantation should be higher than that of grass planting. Therefore, by setting up a control area in the predetermined greening range and planting grass in the control area, it is possible to compare the growth effect of turf transplantation with grass planting on different terrain slopes in the project, so as to determine which terrain slopes meet the purpose of turf transplantation. By collecting turf root system data of multiple types of turf root system parameters in different regions, and processing each data to obtain the corresponding comprehensive score, it is possible to quantitatively judge the plant growth effect, and by comparing the comprehensive scores of different regions, it is intuitively obtained which terrain slopes meet the purpose of turf transplantation.

[0029] Therefore, by carrying out the above steps, the terrain slope suitable for turf transplantation can be learned, thereby providing corresponding guidance for the construction of subsequent greening operations.

[0030] In one or more embodiments, considering that a route is usually long, the corresponding environmental factors of different sections along the route may be quite different (especially for routes arranged in more extreme environments such as plateau areas). The greening method selected based on shorter sections may not be applicable to the entire route. Therefore, before step S1, the route can be divided into multiple sections along its path, and subsequent steps can be performed on the route red line range of each section to determine the terrain slope suitable for grass transplantation in each section.

[0031] By dividing the route into multiple sections along its path and performing corresponding steps respectively, the method can make a comprehensive evaluation of the turf transplantation of different sections of the route and reduce the impact of deviations caused by the route being too long.

[0032] The route may be divided into multiple sections along its path by altitude (applicable to routes with large altitude differences) or by path distance (applicable to routes with longer lengths).

[0033] Among them, for the method of dividing according to the path distance, the route may be divided into a section every 5-20 km of the path distance, that is, the length of each section is 5-20 km, specifically 10 km.

[0034] When stripping turfs of different terrain slopes, only one piece of turf can be stripped for each terrain slope, or multiple pieces of turf can be stripped. Considering that in actual operations, in order to facilitate the storage of turf, the turf is usually divided into multiple pieces, and the multiple pieces of turf are stacked and stored separately, and some soil parameters of the turf after stacking and storage may change. Therefore, in this method, it is preferred to strip multiple pieces of turf for each terrain slope, and then stack and store them to simulate actual operations and improve the accuracy of this method.

[0035] Specifically, in step S1, multiple pieces of turf are stripped for each terrain slope; In step S2, the stripped turf is stored in the following manner: in a natural environment, turfs corresponding to different terrain slopes are stacked and placed on a flat open space.

[0036] It should be noted that stacking the turf corresponding to different terrain slopes separately does not mean stacking all the turf corresponding to a certain terrain slope together. Specifically, the number of stacked turf layers is adapted to the number of layers of turf stacked during the actual operation. For example, the number of layers of turf stacked in the actual operation is 3, and the number of turfs stripped from a certain terrain slope in this method is 9 pieces, then the 9 pieces of turf are divided into 3 parts for stacking, and each part is stacked with 3 layers.

[0037] In step S3, the grass planting method in the control area can be broadcasting, row sowing, spot sowing, and spray sowing. Considering that the greening area in the plateau is a slope structure and is relatively steep, in actual operations, the grass planting method is usually spray sowing. Here, in order to compare with the actual operation, it is preferred that the grass planting method in the control area in step S3 is spray sowing.

[0038] In one or more embodiments, the construction project is recorded as 6 months from project initiation to submission of preliminary design. Based on this, the turf storage time in step S2 can be 3 months; the turf re-laying time in step S4 can be 3 months, thereby facilitating the acquisition of corresponding results as a basis for greening sampling calculations and greening design.

[0039] In one or more embodiments, the multiple types of turf root parameters may include five parameters, namely, turf root surface area, turf root total length, average root diameter, number of live roots per unit volume of turf, and fresh weight of live roots per unit volume.

[0040] Among them, as for the root surface area, on the one hand, a larger root surface area can increase the plant's ability to absorb water, nutrients and trace elements, which is beneficial to plant growth and development; on the other hand, increasing the root surface area can also increase the living space for soil microorganisms, thereby promoting the activity of soil microorganisms, accelerating the decomposition of organic matter, producing more nutrients, and providing better growth conditions for plants.

[0041] For the total length of the root system, the longer the total length of the root system, the wider the root system is distributed in the soil, and the more effectively it can explore and utilize the resources in the soil. This can also be used as an indirect indicator of root vitality.

[0042] Although the average root diameter itself does not directly reflect root activity, it can provide information about root structure. For example, thinner roots may have a higher surface area to volume ratio and thus may have higher nutrient absorption efficiency.

[0043] As for the number of live roots per unit volume, this parameter reflects the density of live roots in the soil. A higher live root density may mean that the roots are more densely distributed in the soil, which may have a higher ability to absorb nutrients and water. The live roots of each turf are counted, and the live roots and dead roots are distinguished based on the root shape, color, elasticity, and the difficulty of separating from the root bark and the mid-column. The root survival is verified using the TTC method.

[0044] The fresh weight of live roots per unit volume is obtained by weighing the collected live roots. This parameter combines the number and fresh weight of live roots and may more comprehensively reflect the growth status and vitality of the root system. A higher fresh weight of live roots per unit volume may mean that the root system is healthier and more active.

[0045] In one or more embodiments, considering that various turf root parameters have different properties, different dimensions and orders of magnitude, and the levels of various parameters vary greatly, if the original turf root data is directly used for analysis and evaluation, the role of indicators with higher values ​​in the comprehensive analysis will be highlighted, and the role of indicators with lower values ​​will be relatively weakened.

[0046] Based on this, in order to improve the reliability of the results, Figure 2 As shown, in step S5, the method of processing all turf root system data and obtaining comprehensive scores of different areas may be: Normalizing all turf root data to obtain a normalized index value of each turf root data, so that each turf root data is scaled to a specified range, such as between 0 and 1; Based on the normalized index value of each turf root system data, the weight of each type of turf root system parameter is obtained; Based on the normalized index value of each turf root system data and the weight of each type of turf root system parameter, a comprehensive score for each area is obtained.

[0047] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, in step S5, the method of processing all turf root system data and obtaining comprehensive scores of different areas may be: S51, label different regions in sequence, label m = 1, 2..., ; Label different turf root parameters, label n=1, 2..., q.

[0048] S52. Considering that the data corresponding to the five types of turf root system parameters are all positive data, the larger the data, the better the plant growth. Therefore, a positive processing is performed, that is, all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in each type of turf root system parameter are brought into the positive processing formula to obtain the positive index value corresponding to each turf root system data; The forward processing formula is: ; in, is the positive index value of the root system parameter of the m area corresponding to the n turf, The turf root system data of area m corresponding to n turf root system parameters , is the minimum value of all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in n turf root system parameters, It is the maximum value of all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in n turf root system parameters.

[0049] S53. Considering that the five types of turf root parameters have different properties, the corresponding data index values ​​have different dimensions and orders of magnitude, and the levels of the indicators vary greatly. If the original index values ​​are used directly for analysis and evaluation, the role of the indicators with higher values ​​in the comprehensive analysis will be highlighted, and the role of the indicators with lower values ​​will be relatively weakened. Therefore, in order to ensure the reliability of the results, the original index data needs to be processed. Here, the entropy method is used to process the original index data.

[0050] On the basis of using the entropy method to process the data, considering that some of the positive index values ​​obtained will be equal to 0, and the ln function will be used in the subsequent calculation of the entropy value, it is impossible to calculate 0. Therefore, each positive index value is non-negatively processed to obtain the non-negative index value corresponding to each positive index value, so that each non-negative index value is not equal to 0, which is used for the subsequent calculation of the entropy value; The formula for the non-negative processing is: ; in, It is the non-negative index value of the root system parameter of the m area corresponding to the n turf.

[0051] S54, normalizing each non-negative index value to obtain a normalized index value corresponding to each non-negative index value; The formula for the normalization process is: ; in, It is the normalized index value of the root system parameter of the turf n corresponding to the m area.

[0052] S55, calculating the entropy value for each normalized index value to obtain the entropy value corresponding to each normalized index value, and summing all the entropy values ​​corresponding to different regions in each type of turf root system parameter to obtain the total entropy value corresponding to each type of turf root system parameter; The calculation formula of the entropy value is: ; in, is the entropy value of the root system parameters of the m area corresponding to the n turfs; The calculation formula of the total entropy value is: ; in, is the total entropy of the root system parameters of n turf; S56, calculating the difference coefficient for each total entropy value to obtain the difference coefficient corresponding to each type of turf root system parameter; The calculation formula for the coefficient of difference is: ; in, is the coefficient of variation of the root system parameters of n turfs; S57, based on each difference coefficient, obtaining the weight of each type of turf root parameter; The calculation formula of the weight is: ; in, is the weight of the root system parameter of n turf; S58, obtaining a comprehensive score for different regions based on the weight of each type of turf root parameter and all normalized index values ​​of each region; The calculation formula of the comprehensive score is: ; in, is the comprehensive score of area m.

[0053] Through the above calculations, five turf root parameters with different dimensions and orders of magnitude, including turf root surface area, total turf root length, average root diameter, number of live roots per unit volume of turf, and fresh weight of live roots per unit volume, can be dimensionless, and the reliability and validity of the comprehensive score can be improved by combining the weighting process, thereby improving the accuracy of guidance on suitable terrain slopes for turf transplantation.

[0054] In one or more embodiments, in step S6, the comprehensive scores of the plurality of repaving areas are compared with the comprehensive scores of the control area, and the greening method of the predetermined greening range is selected, specifically: When the comprehensive score of the re-paved area is greater than the comprehensive score of the control area, the turf with the terrain slope corresponding to the re-paved area is used for turf transplantation in the predetermined greening range; When the comprehensive score of the re-paving area is less than or equal to the comprehensive score of the control area, the turf with the terrain slope corresponding to the re-paving area shall not be used for turf transplantation in the predetermined greening area, and the turf with the terrain slope corresponding to the re-paving area shall be used as greening soil and piled up in the designated location of the waste dump for preservation, thereby reducing maintenance costs during construction.

[0055] Example 2 It is planned to carry out 100km of road construction in the plateau area, and the lower slope (slope ratio of 1:1.5) within the route range is prepared as the predetermined greening range. Before construction, a comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation restoration under different terrains was adopted, which includes the following steps: S0. Divide the route into 10 sections of 10 km along its path, and perform subsequent steps on the route red line range of each section to determine the terrain slope suitable for grass transplantation in each section.

[0056] S1. Within the red line of each road section, randomly select grassland community plots with different terrain slopes and an area of ​​0.3m*0.3m, and peel off the turf of the grassland community plots to form the required turf. The thickness of the peeled turf is 20cm, and the number of turfs peeled off for each terrain slope is 9; Among them, the slopes of different terrains are: slope [0°, 5°), slope [5°, 15°), slope [15°, 30°), slope [30°, 45°), and slope [45°, 60°].

[0057] S2. The peeled turf corresponding to different terrain slopes is stored in the natural environment corresponding to the construction site for 3 months. Specifically, the storage method is: (1) Slope is [0°, 5°) (set as G1): 9 pieces of turf are placed side by side in a 3*3 pattern on a flat ground; (2) Slope is [5°, 15°) (set as G2): 9 pieces of turf are placed side by side in a 3*3 pattern on a flat ground; (3) Slope [15°, 30°) (set as G3): 9 pieces of turf are placed side by side in a 3*3 pattern on a flat ground; (4) Slope [30°, 45°) (set as G4): 9 pieces of turf are placed side by side in a 3*3 pattern on a flat open space; (5) Slope [45°, 60°] (set to G5): 9 pieces of turf are placed side by side in a 3*3 pattern on a flat open space.

[0058] S3. Select a lower slope within the route and excavate six areas with a slope ratio of 1:1.5. The six areas are a control area and five re-paving areas. Spray grass in the control area (set as R) and re-pave the turf of G1-G5 in the five re-paving areas respectively.

[0059] The area of ​​the control area is 0.9m*0.9m, which is equal to the turf backlaying area in the backlaying area. A distance of 1-2m is left between each area, no other plants are planted, and it is covered with rainproof cloth to avoid interference between samples and the external environment.

[0060] S4. Three months after the turf is re-laid, destructive sampling is carried out in the area to collect turf root system data of multiple types of turf root system parameters in different areas.

[0061] Among them, the multiple types of turf root parameters include five parameters, namely, turf root surface area, total turf root length, average root diameter, number of live roots per unit volume of turf, and fresh weight of live roots per unit volume.

[0062] Taking one of the road sections as an example, the turf root system data obtained in different areas are shown in Table 1: S5. Process all turf root system data to obtain comprehensive scores for different areas. Specifically, the steps include: S51, label different regions in sequence, label m = 1, 2..., ; Label the different turf root parameters, label n = 1, 2..., q; at this time, corresponding to the table, m can be regarded as the row number, n can be regarded as the column number, and (6 regions), q=5 (5 parameters).

[0063] S52, bringing all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in each type of turf root system parameter into a forward processing formula to obtain a forward index value corresponding to each turf root system data; The forward processing formula is: ; in, is the positive index value of the root system parameter of the m area corresponding to the n turf, is the turf root system data of area m corresponding to n turf root system parameters, is the minimum value of all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in n turf root system parameters, It is the maximum value of all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in n turf root system parameters; Its positive indicator values ​​are shown in Table 2: S53, performing non-negative processing on each positive index value to obtain a non-negative index value corresponding to each positive index value, so that each non-negative index value is not equal to 0; The formula for the non-negative processing is: ; in, It is the non-negative index value of the root system parameter of the m area corresponding to the n turf.

[0064] Its non-negative index values ​​are shown in Table 3: S54, normalizing each non-negative index value to obtain a normalized index value corresponding to each non-negative index value; The formula for the normalization process is: ; in, is the normalized index value of the root system parameter of the m area corresponding to the n turf; Its normalized index values ​​are shown in Table 4: S55, calculating the entropy value for each normalized index value to obtain the entropy value corresponding to each normalized index value, and summing all the entropy values ​​corresponding to different regions in each type of turf root system parameter to obtain the total entropy value corresponding to each type of turf root system parameter; The calculation formula of the entropy value is: ; in, is the entropy value of the root system parameters of the m area corresponding to the n turfs; The calculation formula of the total entropy value is: ; in, is the total entropy of the root system parameters of n turf; S56, calculating the difference coefficient for each total entropy value to obtain the difference coefficient corresponding to each type of turf root system parameter; The calculation formula for the coefficient of difference is: ; in, is the coefficient of variation of the root system parameters of n turfs; S57, based on each difference coefficient, obtaining the weight of each type of turf root parameter; The calculation formula of the weight is: ; in, is the weight of the root system parameter of n turf; Its entropy value, total entropy value, difference coefficient and weight are shown in Table 5: S58, obtaining a comprehensive score for different regions based on the weight of each type of turf root parameter and all normalized index values ​​of each region; The calculation formula of the comprehensive score is: ; in, is the comprehensive score of area m. ; Its normalized index value, weight, and comprehensive score are shown in Table 6: S6. Compare the comprehensive scores of the multiple re-paving areas (G1-G5) with the comprehensive score of the control area (R), and select a greening method for a predetermined greening range.

[0065] The comprehensive scores show that in this 10km section, the comprehensive scores of G1 and G2 are greater than R, while those of G3, G4 and G5 are less than R. Therefore, the turf growth effects of G1 and G2 are better than those of on-site greening construction R, but the turf growth effects of G3, G4 and G5 are not as good as those of on-site greening construction R. Therefore, in the subsequent greening design, the turf within the red line of the construction site is classified. The turf with slopes of [0°, 5°) and [5°, 15°) must be stripped and properly stored, and then laid back on the lower slope in the later greening construction. The turf with slopes of [15°, 30°), [30°, 45°) and [45°, 60°] is quite different from the on-site greening construction samples. It is not recommended to strip it and lay it back as turf. It is recommended to use it as greening soil after stripping and store it in the designated location of the abandoned soil field without special maintenance, thereby reducing the maintenance cost during construction.

[0066] The above content is for one section of the entire route. Taking this as an example, it can be known that the comprehensive evaluation method can be applied to each section of the entire route. Each section is subjected to the same stripping, stacking, re-laying, data collection, scoring, and summary, and finally the turf stripping utilization standard and greening method of the entire highway, as well as the corresponding construction engineering quantity, are obtained.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains, characterized in that: Includes steps: S1. Within the red line of the route, select grassland community plots with different terrain slopes for turf stripping; S2. storing the stripped turf for a period of time; S3. Within the predetermined greening area, multiple areas are selected, the multiple areas include a control area and multiple re-laying areas, turf corresponding to different terrain slopes is re-laid in different re-laying areas, and grass is planted in the control area; S4. After the turf is laid back for a period of time, turf root system data of multiple types of turf root system parameters in different areas are collected; S5. Process all turf root system data to obtain comprehensive scores for different areas; S6. Compare the comprehensive scores of the multiple re-paving areas with the comprehensive score of the control area, and select a greening method for the predetermined greening range.

2. The comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before step S1, the route is divided into a plurality of sections along its path, and subsequent steps are performed on the route redline range of each section respectively.

3. The comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the different terrain slopes include: a slope of [0°, 5°), a slope of [5°, 15°), a slope of [15°, 30°), a slope of [30°, 45°), and a slope of [45°, 60°].

4. The comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multiple types of turf root system parameters include turf root system surface area, turf root system total length, average root system diameter, turf live root number per unit volume, and live root fresh weight per unit volume.

5. The comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S5, all turf root system data are processed to obtain comprehensive scores of different areas as follows: Normalize all turf root system data to obtain normalized index values ​​of each turf root system data; Based on the normalized index value of each turf root system data, the weight of each type of turf root system parameter is obtained; Based on the normalized index value of each turf root system data and the weight of each type of turf root system parameter, a comprehensive score for each area is obtained.

6. The comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step S5, the method of normalizing all turf root system data and obtaining the normalized index value of each turf root system data is as follows: Different regions are labeled in sequence, with label m = 1, 2, ..., ; Label different turf root parameters, label n=1, 2..., q; Substitute all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in each type of turf root system parameter into the forward processing formula to obtain the positive index value corresponding to each turf root system data; The forward processing formula is: ； in, is the positive index value of the root system parameter of the m area corresponding to the n turf, is the turf root system data of area m corresponding to n turf root system parameters, is the minimum value of all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in n turf root system parameters, It is the maximum value of all turf root system data corresponding to different areas in n turf root system parameters; Perform non-negative processing on each positive indicator value to obtain a non-negative indicator value corresponding to each positive indicator value, so that each non-negative indicator value is not equal to 0; The formula for the non-negative processing is: ； in, is the non-negative index value of the root system parameter of the m area corresponding to the n turf; Normalize each non-negative index value to obtain a normalized index value corresponding to each non-negative index value; The formula for the normalization process is: ； in, It is the normalized index value of the root system parameter of the turf n corresponding to the m area.

7. The comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step S5, the method for obtaining the weight of each type of turf root system parameter based on the normalized index value of each turf root system data is: Calculate the entropy value for each normalized index value to obtain the entropy value corresponding to each normalized index value, and sum all the entropy values ​​corresponding to different regions in each type of turf root system parameter to obtain the total entropy value corresponding to each type of turf root system parameter; The calculation formula of the entropy value is: ； in, is the entropy value of the root system parameters of the m area corresponding to the n turfs; The calculation formula of the total entropy value is: ； in, is the total entropy of the root system parameters of n turf; Calculate the difference coefficient for each total entropy value to obtain the difference coefficient corresponding to each type of turf root system parameter; The calculation formula for the coefficient of difference is: ； in, is the coefficient of variation of the root system parameters of n turfs; Based on each difference coefficient, the weight of each type of turf root parameter is obtained; The calculation formula of the weight is: ； in, is the weight of the root system parameter of the n turf.

8. The comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step S5, the method for obtaining the comprehensive score of each area based on the normalized index value of each turf root system data and the weight of each type of turf root system parameter is as follows: Based on the weight of each type of turf root parameter and all normalized index values ​​of each area, the comprehensive scores of different areas were obtained; The calculation formula of the comprehensive score is: ； in, is the comprehensive score of area m.

9. A comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: In step S6, the comprehensive scores of the multiple repaving areas are compared with the comprehensive scores of the control areas, and the greening method of the predetermined greening range is selected, specifically: When the comprehensive score of the re-paved area is greater than the comprehensive score of the control area, the turf with the terrain slope corresponding to the re-paved area is used for turf transplantation in the predetermined greening range; When the comprehensive score of the re-paving area is less than or equal to the comprehensive score of the control area, the turf having the terrain slope corresponding to the re-paving area should not be used for turf transplantation in the predetermined greening range.

10. A comprehensive evaluation method for turf transplantation and restoration under different terrains according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: In step S1, multiple pieces of turf are stripped for each terrain slope; In step S2, in a natural environment, multiple pieces of turf corresponding to different terrain slopes are stacked and placed on a flat open space for storage, and the storage time of the turf is 3 months; In step S3, the grass planting method in the control area is spraying grass planting; In step S4, the time for re-laying the turf is 3 months.

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