Conversion and migration equipment and conversion and migration method for high-low-lying saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The invention relates to high-low-lying saline-alkali soil conversion and migration equipment and a conversion and migration method, the high-low-lying saline-alkali soil conversion and migration equipment comprises a blocking ditch arranged between a high land and a low-lying land, a drip irrigation pipe is buried in the high land, and a migration permeable pipe extending into the blocking ditch is buried in the low-lying land; the aeration rods are inserted into the impervious layer of the low-lying land at intervals. In the application, through the design of the blocking ditches, water sources in rainy seasons can be collected and gathered, flushing water resources of the low-lying land can be recycled in the treatment process, water consumption of the low-lying land and the high land is neutralized, and waste of the water resources is reduced; and when the low-lying land is preliminarily treated, an impervious layer is destroyed by adopting heat energy and an aeration mode, the permeability of soluble salt and alkali is enhanced, and an efficient and reliable treatment mode is provided. In addition, the invention further provides a conversion and migration method, by means of the method, the use amount of water resources can be reduced, desalination and water supplement are subjected to balanced treatment, and the treatment and irrigation requirements are met.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land management, and in particular to high-lying and low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment and a conversion and migration method. Background technology:

[0002] Soil salinization is a global problem that plagues agricultural development. The formation of saline-alkali land is due to the accumulation of a large amount of soluble salts such as sodium chloride and sodium carbonate, especially in the 0-20cm layer of the soil surface, which seriously affects the growth of crops. In particular, most of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is saline-alkali land, which cannot be cultivated directly. It requires large amounts of water irrigation to dissolve the soluble salt and alkali to 50-70cm in the soil before it can be cultivated.

[0003] Irrigating the land in winter is an effective measure to reduce the pH value of saline-alkali land. The main purpose of this practice is to make the soil contain a lot of water, thereby preventing spring drought and ensuring that crops have enough water supply in spring. However, for the water demand for winter irrigation, 1 mu of land requires 200 cubic meters of water. The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is short of water resources. The central and northern parts rely on the Yellow River water. Winter irrigation alone requires a lot of water every year. With the reduction of the Yellow River runoff and the increase in population, this contradiction has become more and more prominent.

[0004] According to the terrain survey, the area of ​​abandoned high and low-lying saline-alkali land in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is very large, and the groundwater aquifer in the low-lying area is relatively high (the aquifer can be dug below 30 cm), so it is considered to carry out saline-alkali land management in the low-lying area in winter, but the permeability of the low-lying area is poor, and an impermeable layer is formed over time (a clay layer is formed at about 50 cm), and the saline-alkali land management in the low-lying area is subject to great limitations; moreover, the management of saline-alkali land in the highlands requires more fresh water resources. While the water resources in the low-lying areas cannot be effectively managed for salinization, they are greatly wasted. It is impossible to carry out effective neutralization management for the vast high and low-lying saline-alkali land, resulting in a great waste of resources; and the existing simple management equipment cannot meet the irrigation needs of future planting, and the cost of separate management and irrigation has increased sharply. Summary of the invention:

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to design a high- and low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and transportation equipment and conversion and transportation method that can overcome the above problems. The impermeable layer is destroyed in the low-lying areas, and the soluble salt and alkali are returned and collected with the irrigation fresh water. The collected water resources are reused in the saline-alkali land management on the high ground. The management and subsequent irrigation are integrated to reduce the management cost.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a high-low saline-alkali land conversion and transport equipment, comprising a blocking ditch arranged between a high ground and a low-lying land, drip irrigation pipes are buried at intervals on the high ground, and transport permeable pipes extending to the interior of the blocking ditch are buried at intervals on the low-lying land;

[0007] The interior of the blocking ditch is paved with a light slope protection board, and the upper part of the light slope protection board has water holes arranged in an array;

[0008] The lowest end of the blocking ditch along the drainage flow direction is connected to a deep water well, and a purification device with multiple layers of filtering media is connected above the wellhead of the deep water well;

[0009] The pump group of the deep water well is connected to a pressure tank, the pressure tank is connected to a plurality of drip irrigation pipes through a first valve pipe, and the pressure tank is connected to an above-ground pipeline located above the surface of the low-lying land through a second valve pipe;

[0010] The high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and transport equipment also includes aeration rods inserted into the impermeable layer of the low-lying land at intervals;

[0011] Each of the aeration rods comprises: an outer tube and an inner tube; an assembly compartment is provided between the outer tube and the inner tube, a thermoelectric sheet is circumferentially arranged inside the assembly compartment, and the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet vertically penetrates the impermeable layer;

[0012] The inner tube has a pressure chamber connected to high-pressure gas, and a Laval nozzle is installed in the pressure chamber;

[0013] The bottom end of the inner tube is connected with an aeration pipe communicating with the pressure chamber, the bottom end of the aeration pipe is rotatably connected with a rotary drill head, and the rotary drill head is electrically connected with the power generation and energy storage component of the thermoelectric sheet.

[0014] Preferably, the transport and permeable water pipe is provided with a plurality of permeable water holes, and the transport and permeable water pipe is wrapped with a first geotextile layer;

[0015] The drip irrigation pipe is provided with a plurality of drip irrigation holes, and the drip irrigation pipe is wrapped with a second geotextile layer.

[0016] Preferably, a trapezoidal protective net matching the lower part of the blocking ditch is installed above the wellhead of the deep-water well, and the purification device is installed in the trapezoidal protective net.

[0017] Preferably, an interception net is installed in the blocking ditch, and the interception net is installed at the front end of the trapezoidal protective net along the drainage flow direction.

[0018] Preferably, the density of the multi-layer filter media of the purification device increases from high to low.

[0019] Preferably, an air inlet valve is provided on the upper portion of the aeration rod, and the air inlet valve passes through the assembly compartment and is communicated with the pressure chamber.

[0020] Preferably, the thermoelectric sheet is attached to the outer wall of the inner tube along the height direction of the inner tube;

[0021] The top end of the aeration rod is equipped with a horizontal grip tube connecting the inner tube and the outer tube;

[0022] The power generation and energy storage component of the thermoelectric sheet is a lithium battery arranged inside the cross grip tube.

[0023] In the present invention, through the design of blocking ditches, water sources in the rainy season can be collected and aggregated, and the flushing water resources of the low-lying areas can be recycled during the treatment process, the water consumption of the low-lying areas and highlands can be neutralized, and the waste of water resources can be reduced; and when the saline-alkali land in the low-lying areas is initially treated, thermal energy and aeration are used to destroy the impermeable layer, enhance the permeability of soluble salt and alkali, provide an efficient and reliable treatment method, and can simultaneously realize an integrated design for the subsequent crop irrigation to reduce the overall cost.

[0024] In a second aspect, a conversion and migration method includes the high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration device as described above; the conversion and migration method includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: dig a blocking ditch with a water flow slope on the connecting slope between the highland and the low-lying land;

[0026] Step 2: In the highland, a trench is opened horizontally in the direction toward the lowland, and a drip irrigation pipe is pre-buried to extend to the inside of the blocking trench; in the lowland, a trench is opened horizontally in the direction toward the highland, and a transport permeable pipe is pre-buried to extend to the inside of the blocking trench;

[0027] Step 3: pour a concrete layer at the bottom of the blocking ditch, and install lightweight slope protection boards on the slopes on both sides of the blocking ditch, with holes corresponding to the positions of the drip irrigation pipes or the transport permeable pipes on the lightweight slope protection boards;

[0028] Step 4: longitudinally connect the first valve pipe to one end of the plurality of drip irrigation pipes exposed to the inside of the blocking ditch, and longitudinally connect the second valve pipe to one end of the plurality of transport permeable pipes exposed to the inside of the blocking ditch;

[0029] Step 5: Drill a deep well at the drainage end of the blocking ditch. The depth of the deep well should be no less than 180m, and install a purification device above the wellhead;

[0030] Step 6: Install a pump set inside the deep water well, and connect the pump set to a pressure tank, which is connected to the first valve pipe and the second valve pipe;

[0031] Step 7: Before winter irrigation of high and low-lying saline-alkali land, use aeration rods to preheat and aerate the low-lying land in an interval manner to destroy the impermeable layer, and use the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet to release heat energy above 200°C, while achieving temperature difference power generation and storing electrical energy;

[0032] Step 8: Open the second valve pipe to desalinate the low-lying land by flooding it in winter. Fresh water carries salt and penetrates the impermeable layer after decomposition and destruction. The water carrying salt flows into the transport permeable pipe and is drained to the blocking ditch. After repeated irrigation, the salinity in the low-lying land is within the range suitable for planting, and the water source is purified and reused;

[0033] Step 9: Open the first valve pipe to continuously desalinate the highland by drip irrigation;

[0034] Step 10: After planting crops in spring, open the second valve pipe to irrigate the crops by sprinkler irrigation, and open the first valve pipe to irrigate the crops by drip irrigation.

[0035] Preferably, a plurality of aeration rods are inserted into the soil between any two adjacent transport and permeable pipes at equal intervals, and the insertion depth of each aeration rod is not less than 50 cm.

[0036] Preferably, the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet penetrates the frozen soil layer of the low-lying land and then extends to the outside.

[0037] In this method, the geographical difference between highland and low-lying land is utilized, and a small amount of water is used to irrigate the low-lying land, thereby destroying and decomposing the impermeable layer, and achieving a small amount of fresh water to reduce the pH value of the saline-alkali land. At the same time, irrigation and subsequent rainwater have a higher permeability in the low-lying land, ensuring that the plants can fully absorb it while collecting and aggregating the water source, so as to facilitate deep drip irrigation treatment of highlands where it is difficult to retain water resources. The highlands treated with deep drip irrigation have a better desalination effect, and at the same time, the water replenishment needs of plants are more accurate, reducing the waste of water resources. Balanced water replenishment of high and low-lying saline-alkali land can manage large areas of undulating plots, reduce the waste of water resources, and increase economic income. Description of the drawings:

[0038] Attached Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment and the conversion and migration method provided by the present invention;

[0039] Attached Figure 2 It is a top view of the high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment and conversion and migration method provided by the present invention;

[0040] Attached Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drip irrigation pipe and the transport permeable pipe provided by the present invention;

[0041] Attached Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lightweight slope protection board provided by the present invention;

[0042] Attached Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the trapezoidal protective net provided by the present invention;

[0043] Attached Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the aeration rod provided by the present invention;

[0044] Attached Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Laval nozzle provided by the present invention;

[0045] Attached Figure 8 is a flow chart of the steps of the conversion and migration method provided by the present invention;

[0046] In the figure:

[0047] Transport permeable pipe-100, first geotextile layer-110;

[0048] Drip irrigation pipe-200, second geotextile layer-210;

[0049] Blocking ditch-300, purification device-310, lightweight slope protection board-320, water hole-321, interception net-330, trapezoidal protection net-340;

[0050] Deep water well 400, pump set 410, pressure tank 420, second valve pipe 430, first valve pipe 440;

[0051] Aeration rod 500, horizontal grip tube 510, outer tube 520, inner tube 530, thermoelectric sheet 540, air inlet valve nozzle 550, Laval nozzle 560, aeration tube 570, aeration hole 571, rotary drill head 580. Specific implementation method:

[0052] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the present disclosure is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of this specification should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in one or more embodiments of this specification do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components.

[0054] Words such as "include" or "comprises" and the like mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" and the like are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0055] To facilitate understanding of the high- and low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment and conversion and migration method provided in the embodiments of the present application, first explain its application scenario. Irrigating the land in winter is an effective measure to reduce the pH value of saline-alkali land. The main purpose of this practice is to make the soil contain a large amount of moisture, thereby preventing spring drought and ensuring that crops have sufficient water supply in the spring. However, for the water demand for winter irrigation, 1 acre of land requires 200 cubic meters of water. The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is short of water resources, and the central and northern parts rely on the Yellow River water. A large amount of water is required for winter irrigation every year. With the decrease in the runoff of the Yellow River and the increase in population, this contradiction has become more and more prominent. According to the terrain survey, the area of ​​abandoned high and low-lying saline-alkali land in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is very large, and the groundwater aquifer in the low-lying area is relatively high (the aquifer can be dug below 30 cm), so it is considered to carry out saline-alkali land management in the low-lying area in winter, but the permeability of the low-lying area is poor, and an impermeable layer is formed over time (a clay layer is formed at about 50 cm), and the saline-alkali land management in the low-lying area is subject to great limitations; moreover, the management of saline-alkali land in the highlands requires more fresh water resources. While the water resources in the low-lying areas cannot be effectively managed for salinization, they are greatly wasted. It is impossible to carry out effective neutralization management for the vast high and low-lying saline-alkali land, resulting in a great waste of resources; and the existing simple management equipment cannot meet the irrigation needs of future planting, and the cost of separate management and irrigation has increased sharply. In view of this, the high- and low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment and conversion and migration method of the present application use low-lying areas to destroy the impermeable layer, and the soluble salt and alkali are returned and collected along with the irrigation fresh water. The collected water resources are reused in the saline-alkali land management on the high ground. The management and subsequent irrigation are integrated to reduce the management cost.

[0056] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 2 A top view of the high- and low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The high- and low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment provided by an embodiment of the present application includes: a blocking ditch 300 arranged between high ground and low-lying land, and the blocking ditch 300 is arranged at the connecting section of the high ground and the low-lying land. By mechanically leveling the high ground and the low-lying land in advance, it is ensured that they reach a level state, which is convenient for standardized and simplified construction operations in the later stage. In the present application, in the process of saline-alkali land management, it is necessary to collect geological data in advance to determine the depth of the impermeable layer of the low-lying land. Because the high ground is under the action of water gravity for a long time, in the initial management of saline-alkali land, the depth of the impermeable layer in the high ground can reach more than 1.5m, and the depth requirement of the planting soil layer is not affected during the management process. For this reason, the impermeable layer of the high ground is destroyed in the middle of the present application, and only the leaching water used in the management process of the low-lying land is recycled again, to ensure a high recycling effect and reduce the waste of water resources.

[0057] The high ground is provided with drip irrigation pipes 200, and the low-lying ground is provided with transport permeable pipes 100 extending to the inside of the blocking ditch 300; Figure 2 As shown in , the drip irrigation pipe 200 and the transport permeable pipe 100 in this application are both arranged horizontally and laid at intervals on high ground and low-lying land. The drip irrigation pipe 200 is buried more than 65 cm deep in high ground, and the transport permeable pipe 100 is buried more than 65 cm deep in low-lying land. A trencher is used to dig trenches, and then the drip irrigation pipe 200 and the transport permeable pipe 100 are pre-buried. The drip irrigation pipe 200 and the transport permeable pipe 100 do not affect the planting of crops in the later period. It is a one-time construction with decades of benefits, meeting the needs of multiple cycles of saline-alkali land management and the irrigation needs of crop planting. Combined with Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , a plurality of water holes are opened on the transport permeable pipe 100, and a first geotextile layer 110 is wrapped on the transport permeable pipe 100; a plurality of drip irrigation holes are opened on the drip irrigation pipe 200, and a second geotextile layer 210 is wrapped on the drip irrigation pipe 200. Figure 3 It can be seen that the diameter of the transport permeable pipe 100 is larger than that of the drip irrigation pipe 200. Both the transport permeable pipe 100 and the drip irrigation pipe 200 are made of PVC polyvinyl chloride and are durable. The transport permeable pipe 100 is used to divert and collect the leaching water from the low-lying areas, so the water medium carrying soluble salt and alkali in the fresh water can be diverted to the blocking ditch 300. After being collected in the blocking ditch 300, it can be reused in the drip irrigation pipe 200 in the highland for saline-alkali land management. When the drip irrigation pipe 200 continuously impacts the saline-alkali soil upward along the drip irrigation hole, the soluble salt and alkali are brought to the deep soil layer under the action of water penetration, and a soil layer suitable for planting is reserved; at the same time, the drip irrigation pipe 200 directly acts on the root system of the plant during the irrigation process. In the state where it is not easy to store water in the highland, it can save more water resources and meet the water demand of crops.

[0058] Low-lying land is prone to form impermeable layers when water is not timely or due to geological reasons. During the initial winter irrigation process of saline-alkali land treatment, the impermeable layer greatly affects the water permeability, causing soluble salt and alkali to continue to remain. Repeated operations cannot achieve a good treatment effect. For this reason, the pre-buried transport permeable pipe 100 can greatly collect and infiltrate fresh water and soluble salt and alkali, but the premise is to destroy the impermeable layer. For this reason, the high-low saline-alkali land conversion and transport equipment in this application also includes an aeration rod 500 inserted into the impermeable layer of the low-lying land at intervals; each aeration rod 500 includes: an outer tube 520 and an inner tube 530; the inner tube 530 has a pressure chamber connected to high-pressure gas, and a Laval nozzle 560 is installed in the pressure chamber; there is an assembly compartment between the outer tube 520 and the inner tube 530, and a thermoelectric plate 540 is arranged circumferentially inside the assembly compartment, and the hot end of the thermoelectric plate 540 vertically penetrates the impermeable layer. The bottom end of the inner tube 530 is connected to an aeration pipe 570 connected to the pressure chamber. The aeration pipe 570 is provided with a plurality of aeration holes 571 in the circumferential direction. At the same time, an air inlet valve 550 is provided on the upper part of the aeration rod 500. The air inlet valve 550 passes through the assembly compartment and is connected to the pressure chamber. High-pressure air enters the pressure chamber through the air inlet valve 550, and under the action of the Laval nozzle 560, the flow velocity is high at a small cross-section and low at a large cross-section, so the airflow is continuously accelerated. When it reaches the narrow throat, the flow velocity has exceeded the speed of sound. It is discharged through a plurality of aeration holes 571. Because the bottom end of the aeration rod 500 passes through the impermeable layer, and the soil at the aeration depth has not frozen and thawed, the vibration generated by the aeration is not large, and only the impermeable layer on the upper layer is cracked and dispersed.

[0059] Combination Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the aeration rod 500 in the present application is not limited to low-lying areas, but can also be used to destroy high impermeable layers in high areas. Multiple aeration rods 500 are inserted into the soil between any two adjacent transport pipes 100 at equal intervals, and the insertion depth of each aeration rod 500 is not less than 50 cm. It should be specifically noted that the distribution of the aeration rods 500 is not Figure 2 Considering the manufacturing cost of the aeration rod 500, about 20 aeration rods 500 can be set up in the low-lying areas of the same area for circulation. After the aeration rod 500 is used, it is pulled out and collected without affecting the planting of arable land.

[0060] The thermoelectric sheet 540 is attached to the outer wall of the inner tube 530 along the height direction of the inner tube 530. Through the attached connection, the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet 540 penetrates the frozen soil layer of the low-lying land and extends to the outside; so that the cold end is exposed to more cold gas, and the temperature difference with the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 540 is increased. The surrounding soil of the impermeable layer of the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 540 dries and cracks under the action of heat conduction, and is aerated and dispersed under the injection of high-pressure gas. Then, under the elution of fresh water, the frozen soil layer melts and carries soluble salt and alkali to the position of the transport and permeable pipe 100 for collection; of course, it should be understood that when the low-lying land is first treated with salt and alkali, part of the impermeable layer has been destroyed during the process of burying the transport and permeable pipe 100, and under the combined action of the aeration rod 500, the water-dissolved discrete permeable water demand can be fully met.

[0061] The bottom end of the aeration tube 570 is rotatably connected to a rotary drill head 580, and the rotary drill head 580 is electrically connected to the power generation and energy storage component of the thermoelectric sheet 540. The top end of the aeration rod 500 is equipped with a cross-grip tube 510 connecting the inner tube 530 and the outer tube 520; the power generation and energy storage component of the thermoelectric sheet 540 is a lithium battery arranged inside the cross-grip tube 510. The cold end of the thermoelectric sheet 540 is in the frozen soil layer and the cold space outside, and the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 540 is in the impermeable layer, so as to increase the temperature difference and improve the power generation performance.

[0062] Exemplarily, multiple aeration rods 500 are aerated at intervals of 3m×3m, and a rotary drill head 580 is used to drill the frozen soil layer in advance, and the drilling is stopped after penetrating to the bottom of the impermeable layer; the thermoelectric plate 540 is started and left to stand for 20 minutes, and the hot end fully dissipates heat to consume the moisture of the impermeable layer around the aeration rod 500. The standing time can continue to drill other points, and then high-pressure air is pumped into the pressure chamber of the aeration rod 500 to achieve aeration and disperse the impermeable layer, so as to achieve rapid and convenient destruction of the impermeable layer. During the standing process, the power generation energy generated by the thermoelectric plate 540 is stored in the lithium battery, so as to achieve continuous operation. It should be understood that the rotary drill head 580 in the present application is driven by a power supply motor to rotate at high speed, which is a prior art known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, in order to reduce the production cost, a hammering method can also be used to penetrate the impermeable layer, and then only a heating plate is used to be installed on the aeration rod 500.

[0063] Continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 4 The interior of the blocking ditch 300 is paved with a light slope protection board 320, and the upper part of the light slope protection board 320 has water holes 321 arranged in an array; any two adjacent light slope protection boards 320 are plugged and connected by a mortise and tenon structure. The light slope protection board 320 in the present application has multiple water holes 321, which are distributed in the upper part of the light slope protection board 320, and are used to collect excess water from the aquifer in the rainy season, further improving water permeability.

[0064] Figure 2 The arrow direction in the blocking ditch 300 is the drainage flow direction. The lowest end of the blocking ditch 300 along the drainage flow direction is connected to a deep water well 400. A purification device 310 with multiple layers of filter media is connected above the wellhead of the deep water well 400. It needs to be explained in detail that the purification device 310 with multiple layers of filter media is used to purify water media containing salt. The filter media layer can be selectively installed according to the salt and alkali content. Salt and alkali purification treatment is a commonly used technical means in the prior art, and the use of electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, etc. is not excluded. No more details are given here. Figure 5 As shown in FIG, a trapezoidal protective net 340 matching the lower part of the blocking ditch 300 is installed above the wellhead of the deep water well 400, and the purification device 310 is installed in the trapezoidal protective net 340. An interception net 330 is installed in the blocking ditch 300, and the interception net 330 is installed at the front end of the trapezoidal protective net 340 along the drainage flow direction. The multi-layer filter media of the purification device 310 increases in density from high to low.

[0065] The interception net 330 is used to intercept floating objects in the water during the rainy season, and the purification device 310 is used to purify the water medium so that the water medium flowing back to the deep water well 400 meets the fresh water demand. The deep water well 400 in this application is not less than 180m, and the diving depth of the pump group 410 must be at least 15m lower than the underground fresh water layer, so as to ensure that the fresh water pumped by the pump group 410 meets the elution requirements.

[0066] The pump group 410 of the deep water well 400 is connected to a pressure tank 420, and the pressure tank 420 is connected to multiple drip irrigation pipes 200 through a first valve pipe 440. The pressure tank 420 is connected to an above-ground pipeline located above the surface of the low-lying land through a second valve pipe 430; by opening different valve pipes, the management and irrigation of highlands and low-lying lands are controlled, and the application is synchronized to reduce costs.

[0067] It can be seen from the above structure that fresh water is pumped into the pressure tank 420 through the pump group 410, and by opening the first valve pipe 440, multiple drip irrigation pipes 200 penetrate the highland soil layer through the drip irrigation holes, and penetrate the soluble salt and alkali to the area that does not affect the cultivation, and the highland saline-alkali land management is completed by multiple leaching. And after planting crops, the fresh water is directly used to act on the root system of crops, which is more water-saving and efficient. In addition, by opening the second valve pipe 430, the ground pipeline can be connected to the flooding equipment or the sprinkler irrigation equipment. When the flooding equipment is used, it can achieve large-scale water leaching of low-lying areas, and the soluble salt and alkali enter the transport permeable pipe 100 through the split impermeable layer, and then filter and drain to the deep water well 400, so as to fully realize the collection of water resources and reduce the number of leaching. When the nozzle equipment is used, it can be fully applied to the sprinkler planting of crops to achieve a large amount of land utilization.

[0068] In the present invention, through the design of the blocking ditch 300, the water source in the rainy season can be collected and aggregated, and the flushing water resources of the low-lying areas can be recycled during the treatment process, the water consumption of the low-lying areas and the highlands can be neutralized, and the waste of water resources can be reduced; and when the saline-alkali land in the low-lying areas is initially treated, thermal energy and aeration are used to destroy the impermeable layer, enhance the permeability of soluble salt and alkali, provide an efficient and reliable treatment method, and can simultaneously realize an integrated design for the subsequent crop irrigation to reduce the overall cost.

[0069] See also Figure 8 As shown in, in addition, the present application also provides a conversion migration method, which includes the following steps:

[0070] S1. Dig a blocking ditch with a water flow slope on the connecting slope between the highland and the low-lying land;

[0071] S2. In the highland, a trench is opened horizontally in the direction toward the low-lying land, and a drip irrigation pipe is pre-buried to extend to the inside of the blocking trench. In the low-lying land, a trench is opened horizontally in the direction toward the highland, and a transport permeable pipe is pre-buried to extend to the inside of the blocking trench;

[0072] S3, pouring a concrete layer at the bottom of the blocking ditch, and installing lightweight slope protection boards on the slopes on both sides of the blocking ditch, with holes corresponding to the positions of the drip irrigation pipes or the transport permeable pipes on the lightweight slope protection boards;

[0073] S4, longitudinally connecting a first valve pipe to one end of the plurality of drip irrigation pipes exposed to the inside of the blocking ditch, and longitudinally connecting a second valve pipe to one end of the plurality of transport permeable pipes exposed to the inside of the blocking ditch;

[0074] S5. Drill a deep well at the drainage end of the blocking ditch. The depth of the deep well should be no less than 180m, and a purification device should be installed above the wellhead;

[0075] S6. Install a pump set inside the deep water well, and connect the pump set to a pressure tank, which is connected to the first valve pipe and the second valve pipe;

[0076] S7. Before winter irrigation of high and low-lying saline-alkali land, use aeration rods to preheat aeration in low-lying land at intervals to destroy the impermeable layer, and use the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet to release heat energy above 200°C, while achieving temperature difference power generation and storing electrical energy;

[0077] S8. Open the second valve pipe to desalinate the low-lying land by flooding it in winter. Fresh water carries salt and penetrates the impermeable layer after decomposition and destruction. The water carrying salt flows into the transport permeable pipe and is drained to the blocking ditch. After repeated irrigation, the salinity in the low-lying land is within the range suitable for planting, and the water source is purified and reused;

[0078] S9, opening the first valve pipe to continuously desalinate the highland by drip irrigation;

[0079] S10, after planting crops in spring, the second valve pipe is opened to irrigate the crops in a sprinkler irrigation manner, and the first valve pipe is opened to irrigate the crops in a drip irrigation manner.

[0080] Wherein, a plurality of aeration rods are inserted into the soil between any two adjacent transport pipes at equal intervals, and the insertion depth of each aeration rod is not less than 50 cm. The cold end of the thermoelectric sheet penetrates the frozen soil layer of the low-lying land and then extends to the outside.

[0081] In this method, the geographical difference between highland and low-lying land is utilized, and a small amount of water is used to irrigate the low-lying land, thereby destroying and decomposing the impermeable layer, and achieving a small amount of fresh water to reduce the pH value of the saline-alkali land. At the same time, irrigation and subsequent rainwater have a higher permeability in the low-lying land, ensuring that the plants can fully absorb it while collecting and aggregating the water source, so as to facilitate deep drip irrigation treatment of highlands where it is difficult to retain water resources. The highlands treated with deep drip irrigation have a better desalination effect, and at the same time, the water replenishment needs of plants are more accurate, reducing the waste of water resources. Balanced water replenishment of high and low-lying saline-alkali land can manage large areas of undulating plots, reduce the waste of water resources, and increase economic income.

[0082] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Based on the concept of the present disclosure, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of the present specification as above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0083] One or more embodiments of this specification are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification should be included in the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A high-low saline-alkali land conversion and transport equipment, comprising a blocking ditch arranged between a high ground and a low-lying land, drip irrigation pipes are buried at intervals on the high ground, and transport permeable pipes extending to the inside of the blocking ditch are buried at intervals on the low-lying land; It is characterized in that The interior of the blocking ditch is paved with a light slope protection board, and the upper part of the light slope protection board has water holes arranged in an array; The lowest end of the blocking ditch along the drainage flow direction is connected to a deep water well, and a purification device with multiple layers of filtering media is connected above the wellhead of the deep water well; The pump group of the deep water well is connected to a pressure tank, the pressure tank is connected to a plurality of drip irrigation pipes through a first valve pipe, and the pressure tank is connected to an above-ground pipeline located above the surface layer of the low-lying land through a second valve pipe; the high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment also includes aeration rods inserted into the impermeable layer of the low-lying land at intervals; Each of the aeration rods comprises: an outer tube and an inner tube; an assembly compartment is provided between the outer tube and the inner tube, a thermoelectric sheet is circumferentially arranged inside the assembly compartment, and the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet vertically penetrates the impermeable layer; The inner tube has a pressure chamber connected to high-pressure gas, and a Laval nozzle is installed in the pressure chamber; The bottom end of the inner tube is connected with an aeration pipe communicating with the pressure chamber, the bottom end of the aeration pipe is rotatably connected with a rotary drill head, and the rotary drill head is electrically connected with the power generation and energy storage component of the thermoelectric sheet.

2. The high-lying and low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The transport and permeable water pipe is provided with a plurality of permeable water holes, and the transport and permeable water pipe is wrapped with a first geotextile layer; The drip irrigation pipe is provided with a plurality of drip irrigation holes, and the drip irrigation pipe is wrapped with a second geotextile layer.

3. The high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A trapezoidal protective net matching the lower part of the blocking ditch is installed above the wellhead of the deep water well, and the purification device is installed in the trapezoidal protective net.

4. The high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment as claimed in claim 3, It is characterized in that An interception net is installed in the blocking ditch, and the interception net is installed at the front end of the trapezoidal protective net along the drainage flow direction.

5. The high- and low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The density of the multi-layer filter media of the purification device increases from high to low.

6. The high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment according to claim 5, It is characterized in that An air inlet valve is provided on the upper portion of the aeration rod, and the air inlet valve passes through the assembly compartment and is communicated with the pressure chamber.

7. The high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The thermoelectric sheet is attached to the outer wall of the inner tube along the height direction of the inner tube; The top end of the aeration rod is equipped with a horizontal grip tube connecting the inner tube and the outer tube; The power generation and energy storage component of the thermoelectric sheet is a lithium battery arranged inside the cross grip tube.

8. A conversion and migration method, comprising the high-low-lying saline-alkali land conversion and migration equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7; It is characterized in that The conversion migration method includes the following steps: Dig a blocking ditch with a water flow slope on the connecting slope between the highland and the low-lying land; In highland, a trench is opened horizontally in the direction toward lowland, and a drip irrigation pipe is pre-buried to extend to the inside of the blocking trench; in lowland, a trench is opened horizontally in the direction toward highland, and a transport permeable pipe is pre-buried to extend to the inside of the blocking trench; A concrete layer is poured at the bottom of the blocking ditch, and lightweight slope protection boards are installed on the slopes on both sides of the blocking ditch, with holes corresponding to the positions of the drip irrigation pipes or the transport permeable pipes on the lightweight slope protection boards; A first valve pipe is longitudinally connected to one end of the plurality of drip irrigation pipes exposed to the inside of the blocking ditch, and a second valve pipe is longitudinally connected to one end of the plurality of transport permeable pipes exposed to the inside of the blocking ditch; A deep well is drilled at the drainage end of the blocking ditch. The depth of the deep well is not less than 180m, and a purification device is installed above the wellhead; A pump set is installed inside the deep water well, and the pump set is connected to a pressure tank, and the pressure tank is connected to a first valve pipe and a second valve pipe; Before winter irrigation of high and low-lying saline-alkali land, aeration rods are used to preheat aeration in intervals on low-lying land to destroy the impermeable layer, and the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet is used to release heat energy above 200°C, while achieving temperature difference power generation and storing electrical energy; Open the second valve pipe to desalinate the low-lying land by flooding it in winter. Fresh water carries salt and penetrates the impermeable layer after decomposition and destruction. The water carrying salt flows into the transport permeable pipe and is drained to the blocking ditch. After repeated irrigation, the salinity in the low-lying land is within the range suitable for planting, and the water source is purified and reused; open the first valve pipe to continuously desalinate the highland by drip irrigation; After planting crops in spring, the second valve pipe is opened to irrigate the crops in a sprinkler irrigation manner, and the first valve pipe is opened to irrigate the crops in a drip irrigation manner.

9. The conversion migration method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that A plurality of aeration rods are inserted into the soil between any two adjacent transport and permeable pipes at equal intervals, and the insertion depth of each aeration rod is not less than 50 cm.

10. The conversion migration method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The cold end of the thermoelectric sheet penetrates the frozen soil layer of the low-lying land and then extends to the outside.

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