A method for extracting quartz concentrate from lead-zinc mining waste rock

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for extracting quartz concentrate from lead-zinc mining waste rock. The method includes: grinding the lead-zinc mining waste rock to obtain a grinding product; pumping the obtained grinding product into a hydrocyclone for classification to remove -45μm fine mud, obtaining coarse quartz slurry and fine mud; preparing the coarse quartz slurry slurry, then adding an activator, a sulfide collector, and a frother, stirring evenly, and removing impurities to obtain sulfide minerals and first flotation tailings; adjusting the pH value of the first flotation tailings, then adding a combined iron collector for impurity removal, obtaining iron-containing impurities and second flotation tailings; adjusting the pH value of the second flotation tailings, then adding a collector for impurity removal, obtaining third flotation tailings; and finally performing strong magnetic separation for impurity removal, using a high-gradient magnetic separator for multiple magnetic separations to remove magnetic materials, obtaining quartz concentrate. This invention's technical solution can obtain quartz concentrate, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of mining waste rock, and enhance its economic value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of comprehensive utilization of mining waste rock and quartz beneficiation technology, specifically a method for extracting quartz concentrate from lead-zinc mining waste rock. Background Technology

[0002] Quartz is one of the most widely distributed minerals on the Earth's surface. It possesses highly stable physical and chemical properties, exhibiting advantages such as high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high light transmittance, and high insulation. Therefore, quartz is widely used in glass, metallurgy, construction, chemical industry, plastics, rubber, electronics, semiconductors, optoelectronics, aerospace, and other fields. Quartz is widely distributed in nature and has diverse formation processes. Currently, the main types of quartz mineral resources include natural crystal, vein quartz, granite pegmatite quartz, quartzite, quartz sandstone, powdered quartz, natural quartz, and quartz conglomerate.

[0003] Waste rock refers to the surrounding rock and gangue without industrial value stripped away during ore mining. With the continuous development of lead-zinc mineral resources, the amount of waste rock generated from lead-zinc mining is constantly increasing. The current open-pit storage method not only harms the ecological environment but also wastes other valuable resources. Quartz is a common valuable mineral in lead-zinc mining waste rock, with an SiO2 content generally between 50% and 90%. With the rapid development of industries such as construction, photovoltaics, and optical fibers in recent years, high-purity quartz products have become increasingly prominent in the new materials industry, leading to a growing demand for high-quality quartz products. Therefore, the comprehensive recycling and utilization of quartz from lead-zinc mining waste rock is particularly necessary.

[0004] Currently, the utilization of mining waste rock is mostly for the direct production of building materials, with few reports on the extraction of quartz concentrate. On the one hand, producing building materials is more direct and efficient. For example, Wu Jianxin et al. disclosed a comprehensive utilization method for vein quartz mining waste rock, using a combined process of "pre-screening + two-stage crushing + water washing / screening" to produce two types of stone materials in particle sizes of 5-10mm and 10-30mm. The undersize material from the water washing process is then used to produce 1-5mm building stone through a sand and gravel washing and beneficiation machine. All three products are used in the production of environmentally friendly and energy-saving building materials. On the other hand, the metal impurity content in metal ore waste rock generally exceeds the standard, making it difficult to apply to the glass industry, let alone use it as a raw material for extracting high-purity quartz.

[0005] Due to geographical limitations and the demand from surrounding building materials markets, the production of low-value building materials raw materials often fails to bring benefits to mining enterprises and may even result in losses. In order to seek higher-value processing methods, this invention proposes a method for extracting high-quality quartz from lead-zinc mining waste rock, transforming lead-zinc mining waste rock into quartz concentrate that meets the raw material requirements for the production of refractory materials, flat glass, and high-purity quartz. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems of insufficient comprehensive utilization rate and low market value of existing lead-zinc mining waste rock resources, this invention provides a method for extracting quartz concentrate from lead-zinc mining waste rock. This solves the problem that the abundant quartz minerals in lead-zinc mining waste rock are difficult to apply to high-value industries such as refractory materials and glass manufacturing, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization rate of lead-zinc mining waste rock.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a method for extracting quartz concentrate from lead-zinc mining waste rock, the method specifically including the following steps:

[0008] S1) After the lead-zinc mining waste rock is crushed to less than 15mm, it is transported to a rod mill or forging mill for grinding to obtain the grinding product;

[0009] S2) The grinding product obtained in S1) is pumped into a hydrocyclone for classification to remove -45μm fine mud and obtain coarse quartz sand slurry and fine mud;

[0010] S3) Add modifier to the coarse quartz sand slurry obtained in S2) to adjust it into a slurry of a certain concentration, then add a certain amount of activator, sulfide collector and frother and stir evenly, and carry out the first flotation to remove impurities, and obtain sulfide minerals and the first flotation tailings;

[0011] S4) The pH value of the pulp is adjusted to 4-6 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster for the first flotation tailings obtained in S3). A certain amount of combined iron collector is then added and stirred evenly before a second flotation is carried out to remove impurities, resulting in iron-containing impurities and second flotation tailings.

[0012] S5) Add sulfuric acid to the second flotation tailings again to adjust the pH value of the slurry to 2-3, then add a certain amount of collector and stir evenly before carrying out the third flotation to remove impurities, and obtain the third flotation tailings.

[0013] S6) The tailings from the third flotation are subjected to strong magnetic separation to remove impurities. The strong magnetic separation is performed by a high gradient magnetic separator through multiple magnetic separations to remove magnetic materials and obtain quartz concentrate.

[0014] Furthermore, the grinding process in S1) takes 10 to 30 minutes;

[0015] The content of the ground product with a fineness of -150μm is 50% to 85%.

[0016] Furthermore, the modifier in S3) is water, which modulates the slurry concentration to 25%–55%;

[0017] The weight ratio of the activator to the slurry is:

[0018] The weight ratio of the sulfide mineral collector to the slurry is 1-20:100000;

[0019] The weight ratio of the foaming agent to the slurry is 1 to 10:100,000;

[0020] The stirring time is 1 to 5 minutes;

[0021] The flotation and impurity removal operation takes 4 to 10 minutes.

[0022] Furthermore, the activator is one or more of copper sulfate, lead nitrate, and sodium sulfide;

[0023] The sulfide mineral collector is one or more of sodium alkyl xanthate, potassium alkyl xanthate, butanone black powder, and ethyl thiocyanate.

[0024] The foaming agent is pine oil.

[0025] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the combined iron collector to the slurry in S4) is 5-40:100000;

[0026] The stirring time is 1 to 5 minutes;

[0027] The flotation and impurity removal operation takes 4 to 10 minutes.

[0028] Furthermore, the combined iron collector comprises sodium petroleum sulfonate, oleic acid, 2-octanol and pinyl oil, and the mass ratio of sodium petroleum sulfonate, oleic acid, 2-octanol and pinyl oil is (3-6):(1-3):(1-3):(0.2-1).

[0029] Furthermore, the amount of the third flotation collector in S5) is 3-20:100000 by weight of the slurry;

[0030] The third flotation collector is modified dodecylamine;

[0031] The stirring time is 1 to 5 minutes;

[0032] The flotation and impurity removal operation takes 4 to 10 minutes.

[0033] Furthermore, in step S6), the magnetic field strength during the strong magnetic removal of magnetic minerals is 0.8T to 1.6T; the intensity of the second magnetic separation is at least 10% higher than that of the first magnetic separation, and the intensity of the third magnetic separation is at least 10% higher than that of the second magnetic separation.

[0034] Furthermore, the method yields quartz concentrate with a SiO2 grade of not less than 99.00%, an Al2O3 content of not more than 0.7%, and an Fe2O3 content of not more than 0.15%.

[0035] A quartz concentrate prepared by the method described above.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application include:

[0037] By applying the technical solution of this invention, which addresses the complex types and properties of minerals in lead-zinc mining waste rock, particularly the complex and diverse forms of iron-bearing minerals that affect the quality of quartz sand, a combined recovery process involving grinding, classification, flotation, and magnetic separation is employed. This process is combined with activators and collectors for sulfide minerals, a combined iron collector for iron-bearing and fluorite minerals, and a modified dodecylamine collector for aluminum-bearing minerals. This process removes impurities such as sulfide minerals, iron oxides or iron silicates, fluorite, mica, kaolin, chlorite, feldspar, and magnetic materials from lead-zinc mining waste rock in stages, thereby obtaining high-quality quartz sand concentrate and enhancing the comprehensive utilization value of the waste rock. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for extracting quartz concentrate from lead-zinc mining waste rock according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention solve the problem of the difficulty in comprehensive utilization of lead-zinc mining waste rock through a combined process of "grinding and crushing + classifying and desliming + reverse flotation for impurity removal + strong magnetic separation". The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Please see Figure 1 This invention discloses a method for extracting quartz concentrate from lead-zinc mining waste rock, the method specifically comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1) After the lead-zinc mining waste rock is crushed to less than 15mm, it is transported to a rod mill or forging mill for grinding to obtain the grinding product;

[0043] S2) The grinding product obtained in S1) is pumped into a hydrocyclone for classification to remove -45μm fine mud and obtain coarse quartz sand slurry and fine mud;

[0044] S3) Add modifier to the coarse quartz sand slurry obtained in S2) to adjust it into a slurry of a certain concentration, then add a certain amount of activator, sulfide collector and frother and stir evenly, and carry out the first flotation to remove impurities, and obtain sulfide minerals and the first flotation tailings;

[0045] S4) The pH value of the pulp is adjusted to 4-6 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster for the first flotation tailings obtained in S3). A certain amount of combined iron collector is then added and stirred evenly before a second flotation is carried out to remove impurities, resulting in iron-containing impurities and second flotation tailings.

[0046] S5) Add sulfuric acid to the second flotation tailings again to adjust the pH value of the slurry to 2-3, then add a certain amount of collector and stir evenly before carrying out the third flotation to remove aluminum-containing impurities and obtain the third flotation tailings.

[0047] S6) The tailings from the third flotation are subjected to strong magnetic separation to remove impurities. The strong magnetic separation is performed by a high gradient magnetic separator through multiple magnetic separations to remove magnetic materials and obtain quartz concentrate.

[0048] Furthermore, the grinding process in S1) takes 10 to 30 minutes;

[0049] The content of the ground product with a fineness of -150μm is 50% to 85%.

[0050] Furthermore, the modifier in S3) is water, which modulates the slurry concentration to 25%–55%;

[0051] The weight ratio of the activator to the slurry is:

[0052] The weight ratio of the sulfide mineral collector to the slurry is 1-20:100000;

[0053] The weight ratio of the foaming agent to the slurry is 1 to 10:100,000;

[0054] The stirring time is 1 to 5 minutes;

[0055] The flotation and impurity removal operation takes 4 to 10 minutes.

[0056] Furthermore, the activator is one or more of copper sulfate, lead nitrate, and sodium sulfide;

[0057] The sulfide mineral collector is one or more of sodium alkyl xanthate, potassium alkyl xanthate, butanone black powder, and ethyl thiocyanate.

[0058] The foaming agent is pine oil.

[0059] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the combined iron collector to the slurry in S4) is 5-40:100000;

[0060] The stirring time is 1 to 5 minutes;

[0061] The flotation and impurity removal operation takes 4 to 10 minutes.

[0062] Furthermore, the combined iron collector comprises sodium petroleum sulfonate, oleic acid, 2-octanol and pinyl oil, and the mass ratio of sodium petroleum sulfonate, oleic acid, 2-octanol and pinyl oil is (3-6):(1-3):(1-3):(0.2-1).

[0063] Furthermore, the amount of the third flotation collector in S5) is 3-20:100000 by weight of the slurry;

[0064] The third flotation collector is modified dodecylamine;

[0065] The stirring time is 1 to 5 minutes;

[0066] The flotation and impurity removal operation takes 4 to 10 minutes.

[0067] Furthermore, in step S6), the magnetic field strength during the strong magnetic removal of magnetic minerals is 0.8T to 1.6T; the intensity of the second magnetic separation is at least 10% higher than that of the first magnetic separation, and the intensity of the third magnetic separation is at least 10% higher than that of the second magnetic separation.

[0068] Furthermore, the method yields quartz concentrate with a SiO2 grade of not less than 99.10%, an Al2O3 content of not more than 0.61%, and an Fe2O3 content of not more than 0.15%.

[0069] A quartz concentrate prepared by the method described above.

[0070] The sulfide minerals include one or more of the following: pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, molybdenite, and stibnite.

[0071] The iron-containing impurities include one or more of the following: goethite, siderite, hematite, kyanite, garnet, magnetite, ilmenite, limonite, beryl, fluorite, and andalusite.

[0072] The aluminum-containing impurities include one or more of the following: feldspar, mica, kaolin, zeolite, garnet, dolomite, serpentine, amphibole, talc, and illite.

[0073] The magnetic minerals subjected to high-gradient magnetic separation include one or more of the following: pyrite, chalcopyrite, mica, chlorite, nickel-cobalt ore, ilmenite, siderite, and hematite.

[0074] Taking the waste rock from an open-pit lead-zinc mine in Jiangxi Province as an example, the waste rock is mainly composed of quartzite and sandstone. Currently, the stripping ratio is 3:1, and more than 1.1 million tons of waste rock are stripped annually. The average SiO2 content in the waste rock reaches 90%. The waste rock is processed using a process of "grinding + milling + hydrocyclone desliming + flotation desulfurization + reverse flotation impurity removal + two-stage high-intensity magnetic separation" to obtain the indicators shown in the table below.

[0075]

[0076] As shown in the table above, by adopting the process flow described in the above embodiments, a quartz concentrate with a comprehensive yield of 58.01%, a SiO2 grade of 99.10%, an Al2O3 content of 0.61%, and an Fe2O3 content of 0.15% can be obtained, which meets the standard of grade I-3 quartz sand for flat glass specified in the industry standard (JC / T529-2000).

[0077] The above provides a detailed description of a method for extracting quartz concentrate from lead-zinc mining waste rock, as provided in the embodiments of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and its core ideas; furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0078] Certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that hardware manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in name, but rather on differences in function. The terms "comprising" and "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising / including but not limited to". "Approximately" means that within an acceptable margin of error, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem and substantially achieve the technical effect within a certain margin of error. The following descriptions in the specification are preferred embodiments for carrying out this application; however, these descriptions are for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. The scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the appended claims.

[0079] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or system that includes said element.

[0080] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0081] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of this application. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that this application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the application concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or the technology or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this application should be considered in accordance with the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for extracting quartz concentrate from lead-zinc mining waste rock, characterized in that, The method specifically includes the following steps: S1) After the lead-zinc mining waste rock is crushed to less than 15mm, it is transported to a rod mill or forging mill for grinding to obtain the grinding product; The grinding process takes 10-30 minutes. The grinding product contains 50% to 85% of a fineness of -150μm. S2) The grinding product obtained in S1) is pumped into a hydrocyclone for classification to remove -45μm fine mud and obtain coarse quartz sand and fine mud; S3) Add modifier to the coarse quartz sand slurry obtained in S2) to prepare slurry, then add activator, sulfide mineral collector and frother and stir evenly, and carry out the first flotation to remove impurities, to obtain sulfide minerals and the first flotation tailings; The modifier is water, used to adjust the slurry concentration to 25%~55%; The weight ratio of the sulfide mineral collector to the slurry is 1~20:100000; The weight ratio of the foaming agent to the slurry is 1~10:100000; The stirring time is 1-5 minutes; The flotation and impurity removal operation takes 4 to 10 minutes; The activator is one or more of copper sulfate, lead nitrate, and sodium sulfide; The sulfide mineral collector is one or more of sodium alkyl xanthate, potassium alkyl xanthate, butanone black powder, and ethyl thiocyanate. The foaming agent is pine oil; S4) The pH value of the pulp is adjusted to 4-6 using sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster for the first flotation tailings obtained in S3). Then, a combined iron collector is added and stirred evenly before a second flotation is carried out to remove impurities, resulting in iron-containing impurities and the second flotation tailings. The combined iron collector comprises sodium petroleum sulfonate, oleic acid, 2-octanol, and pine oil, and the mass ratio of sodium petroleum sulfonate, oleic acid, 2-octanol, and pine oil is (3~6):(1~3):(1~3):(0.2~1); S5) Add sulfuric acid to the second flotation tailings again, adjust the pH of the slurry to 2-3, add collector and stir evenly, and then carry out the third flotation to remove impurities, to obtain the third flotation tailings; The amount of the third flotation collector used is 3~20:100000 by weight of the slurry; The third flotation collector is modified dodecylamine; The stirring time is 1-5 minutes; The flotation and impurity removal operation takes 4 to 10 minutes; S6) The tailings from the third flotation are subjected to strong magnetic separation to remove impurities. The strong magnetic separation is performed using a high gradient magnetic separator to remove magnetic materials and obtain quartz concentrate. The number of magnetic separations is 2-3 times; the magnetic field strength during the strong magnetic removal of magnetic minerals is 0.8T to 1.6T; the intensity of the second magnetic separation is at least 10% higher than that of the first magnetic separation, and the intensity of the third magnetic separation is at least 10% higher than that of the second magnetic separation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the combined iron collector to the slurry in S4) is 5~40:100000; The stirring time is 1-5 minutes; The flotation and impurity removal operation takes 4 to 10 minutes.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method yields quartz concentrate with a SiO2 grade of not less than 99.00%, an Al2O3 content of not more than 0.7%, and an Fe2O3 content of not more than 0.15%.

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