Device for holding an optical workpiece for machining / treating same and method for holding an optical workpiece in the device

Abstract

A device (10) for holding an in particular prismatic spectacle lens (12) at one workpiece surface (14) for processing or treating the other workpiece surface (16) comprises a lower part (20) and an upper part (22). The lower portion has a base (24) with a retaining interface (26) and a wedge-shaped section (28) transverse to a base axis (BA). The upper portion comprises an eyeglass lens holding section (30) and a wedge-shaped section (32) transverse to the holding axis (AA). The lower portion and the upper portion are rotated relative to each other by their mutually facing wedge-shaped sections about an axis of rotation (DA) inclined relative to the base axis and the holding axis, so that the holding section and the base are inclined relative to each other. A wedge-shaped orientation arrangement for determining or fixing an angular rotational position of an upper portion about a base axis includes an orientation aid (34) at the upper portion defining a relative angular rotational end position of the upper portion and the lower portion and / or an abutment (36) between the upper portion and the lower portion, the relative rotation angle end position corresponds to a minimum or maximum inclination of the holding section relative to the base. The outer vacuum chamber and the inner vacuum chamber of the device can be evacuated together to couple the lower portion, the upper portion, and the ophthalmic lenses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] According to the preamble of claim 1, the present invention generally relates to a device for holding an optical workpiece at a first of two opposing workpiece surfaces and for machining or treating the optical workpiece at a second of the two opposing workpiece surfaces. Furthermore, according to claim 14, the present invention generally relates to a method for holding an optical workpiece at a holding device by means of a first of two opposing workpiece surfaces and for machining or treating the optical workpiece at a second of the two workpiece surfaces. In particular, the present invention relates to a device and a method for holding eyeglass lenses for surface machining or treating them, which surface machining or treating is used on a large scale, for example in a so-called "RX workshop", i.e. a production facility for manufacturing individual eyeglass lenses according to an ophthalmic prescription. For example, the surface machining here can be "polishing" and for example, the surface treatment can be "marking", as described in more detail below. Technical Background

[0002] The conventional processing steps usually performed in RX workshops in the industrial production of spectacle lenses have been described in detail in document DE102021004831A1. For this reason, only a brief overview of the conventional procedures is given here, and reference is made to the aforementioned document for other conventional procedures and further documented prior art.

[0003] In the industrial production of spectacle lenses, the starting product is a semi-finished spectacle lens blank, also called a "blank", which has one preformed optically active surface and is processed at its other optically active surfaces and at the edges between the optically active surfaces to form a finished spectacle lens.

[0004] After the protection of the preformed, optically active surface by means of a protective film or protective lacquer, the respective spectacle lens blank is subjected to a so-called "blocking", in which case the blank is connected to a suitable so-called "blocking member". For the blocking, each spectacle lens blank having a previously known or measured geometry and the blocking member are positioned relative to one another so that the blocking member assumes a predetermined position relative to the protected, preformed surface of the spectacle lens blank. The fixing of this set position is then carried out by filling the space between the blocking member and the spectacle lens blank with a conventional molten material (metal alloy or wax) or alternatively by means of a suitable plastic or adhesive. After the solidification or hardening of the filling material, the blocking member represents a mounting or machine interface for handling the spectacle lens blank, which is then held at the spectacle lens in a plurality of processing steps in different machines, in order then in particular to be able to drive the spectacle lens in rotation and to hold it reliably in a position that is always defined.

[0005] In the next process step, the so-called "generation", the optically effective surface of the respective spectacle lens blank, which has not been previously processed, is given its macro-geometry, i.e. the optically effective shape according to the order, by machining (preliminary) in a special processing machine, also called a "generator"; in the case of plastics as lens material, for example, this is usually milling and / or turning with geometrically defined cutting edges, while in the case of mineral glass as lens material, for example, this is usually grinding with geometrically undefined cutting edges. In this case, the spectacle lens blank, which is fixed by a stop, is held by the stop on a rotationally driven workpiece spindle while preliminary edge processing and then surface processing are carried out.

[0006] The spectacle lenses are then fine-machined by (micro) machining, i.e. "polishing" in the broad sense, wherein the optically effective surface of the pre-machined corresponding semi-finished product acquires the desired microgeometry (surface quality), in particular by geometrically undefined cutting. For this purpose, the blocked semi-finished product, which has been pre-machined by machining, is removed from the generator and further processed in a fine-machining or polishing machine. In this case, positioning and fixing the semi-finished product and optionally driving the semi-finished product in rotation in the polishing machine also take place by means of a blocking member. During the polishing process, there is a movement in a defined trajectory on the pre-machined surface by means of a usually flexible polishing tool or polishing plate (by adding a liquid polishing agent with abrasive particles) in order to reduce the surface roughness.

[0007] The semi-finished product is "marked" as a next optional process step, wherein two small circles are generated on the rear surface of the semi-finished product, for example, by a laser beam or mechanically by an engraving tool. This is necessary, for example, for freely formed surfaces, so that the position of the semi-finished product can be reliably found with the help of the marking in subsequent process steps. Since the requirements for positioning accuracy are relatively high here, positioning and fixing during marking are also carried out with the help of stops.

[0008] Only after this processing is the semi-finished product separated from the blocking piece. The so-called "deblocking" takes place, for example, in the case of the aforementioned adhesive connection, by a high-pressure water jet which is delivered by a nozzle and impinges on the edge between the blocking piece and the semi-finished product, thereby separating the semi-finished product from the blocking piece by exerting a hydraulic force. As a result, the processed semi-finished product now exists as a single object, and the separated blocking piece is cleaned and returned to the blocking process step.

[0009] In further processing, the cleaned semi-finished product can optionally be coated on its front and / or back side to achieve additional effects: increased scratch resistance by hard coating, anti-reflective properties, coloring, metallization, hydrophobic properties, etc.

[0010] In summary, so-called "edging" is performed as the last process step, in which the semi-finished product is processed again at the edge in order to fit it into the desired eyeglass frame so that it has the shape of the corresponding eyeglass frame. Since the semi-finished product is now no longer fixed to the stop, the positioning must be reestablished here (for example by means of the aforementioned markings) before the semi-finished product can be properly fixed and finally processed in the so-called "edger" as edge processing device with respect to its edge shape and fixation in the eyeglass frame.

[0011] In the case of spectacle lenses, the special need for the processing and treatment steps described also arises from the need that may exist (for example, for an ophthalmic prescription for an individual spectacle lens) for the front and rear surfaces of the spectacle lenses to be set at a specific angle relative to each other, so that the front and rear surfaces are inclined relative to each other, in order to provide compensation for specific eye defects. For the production of such spectacle lenses with a so-called "prism", the spectacle lens blank is usually blocked "prismatically", for example, its front surface is fixed to an associated supporting surface, tilted in a defined manner at the block, or laterally offset or rotated in a defined manner relative to the block axis. In the case of tilting, a wedge-like filling material is then formed between the spectacle lens blank and the block (optionally together with a wedge-shaped intermediate member (see, for example, document US Pat. No. 6,382,790 B1) Figure 4 and Figure 8 A)).

[0012] As a result of the prismatic blocking, for example, during the production of the geometry of the rear surface of a rotationally driven spectacle lens blank to be formed, or during the polishing and subsequent finishing of the previously produced rear surface of a rotating semi-finished product, during its rotation, at most relatively small oscillating movements are performed relative to an imaginary plane extending perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the workpiece. As a result, the requirements for corresponding adjustment movements of the workpiece parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece are low with respect to the movement stroke and the movement dynamics, which enables surface processing with a high degree of processing quality.

[0013] The process chain outlined in this respect by the prior art now comprises two sequences in the steps "blocking" and "unblocking" which represent necessary auxiliary processes but which do not themselves increase the value of the produced spectacle lenses. Therefore, a process chain which does not require these auxiliary processes and the auxiliary and operating materials used therein would be desirable. In particular for the sake of efficiency and for ecological reasons, the prior art has proposed "blocklessly" operations in the production of optically active surfaces of spectacle lenses, wherein the spectacle lenses are held during processing by special holding devices or holders.

[0014] By way of example, mention may be made of subatmospheric lens holders for this purpose, such as those described in document DE 39 24 078 C2 ( Figures 1 to 3 )、US2008 / 0299881A1( Figures 3 to 5 ) or US7,500,908B2( Figures 1 to 5 ). In all these cases, at least one sealing element is provided at the lens holding surface of the lens holder, which extends around the central axis of the lens holding surface, so that an annular sealing element is provided. The sealing element can restrict a seal, which is applied through the lens holder or from the outside and is applied between the lens holding surface and the eyeglass lens placed on the sealing element, restricting a vacuum radially inside the sealing element in order to removably fix the eyeglass lens to the lens holder.

[0015] In this regard, considering the subject of the production of eyeglass lenses with a predetermined prism, document EP 3 608 055 A1 discloses a method for producing an optical surface of an eyeglass lens, the method comprising the following steps: a lens blank preparation step, wherein a lens blank is provided, which is blocked on a lens blocking member;

[0016] a clamping-in-place step, wherein a lens stop holding the lens blank is clamped in position in the lens processing apparatus;

[0017] a tilting step, wherein the lens blank and the lens stop are tilted relative to a rotation axis of the lens processing device;

[0018] a step of determining a surface position, wherein the position of the surface to be processed is determined based on the inclination of the lens blank and the lens stop relative to the axis of rotation of the lens processing device;

[0019] A step of configuring the processing tool, wherein the operating parameters of the lens processing tool are configured for producing a surface to be processed corresponding to the determined surface position, so that there is adherence to the desired optical properties of the optical lens. In other words, in the case of producing a spectacle lens with a predetermined prism, the suggestion here is to block the spectacle lens blank non-prismatically without a prism, for example on a subatmospheric lens holder (see paragraph

[0037] of the document), and then only solve the desired prismatic effect during the actual processing step and in the processing device by a defined workpiece tilting. Obviously, such a procedure is accompanied by a certain degree of expenditure on equipment and adjustment technology, which is undesirable for many applications.

[0020] Finally, the document EP3116684B1 ( Figures 1 to 4 ), with respect to the preamble defining claim 1, discloses a device for blocking a spectacle lens blank having a finished surface and a processed surface, the processed surface being opposite to the finished surface, for processing in a processing device. The device proposed here is for blocking a two-part construction comprising a retaining member and a clamping block.

[0021] The holding part has a convex, flat or concave holding surface for blocking the finished surface of the spectacle lens blank by means of a conventional blocking material (see paragraphs

[0025] and

[0026] ) and a substantially flat opposing surface arranged opposite the holding surface, wherein the normal of the opposing surface is inclined by 1° to 10° relative to the normal of the center point of the holding surface. In this case, the holding surface is configured so that the spectacle lens blank can be placed on it during blocking, substantially over the entire area, so that the spectacle lens blank is adequately supported during processing.

[0022] On the other hand, the clamping block has a substantially flat and inclined bearing surface on which the holding part is rotatably mounted with its opposing surface and is configured for being clamped in place in the processing device. Therefore, not only does the holding part itself have an inclined opposing surface, but the holding part is also mounted on the mounting part (clamping block). Therefore, for the spectacle lens blank, the final inclination of the holding surface depends not only on the inclination of the opposing surface, but also on the inclination of the mounting surface. Therefore, the inclination of the holding surface can be adjusted individually according to the prism to be created, for the spectacle lens, by a corresponding rotational positioning of the opposing surface relative to the mounting surface. Finally, the holding part and the mounting part can be mechanically connected together positively or frictionally in a corresponding relative position.

[0023] Thus, the design of such a device advantageously makes it possible to adjust the prism, for example, according to an ophthalmic prescription, so that the barrier material does not have to be formed into a correspondingly thick wedge, as a result of which its mass can be reduced and other barrier materials can be used (see again paragraphs

[0025] and

[0016] of the document). However, for the use of such a device on an industrial scale in an RX workshop and, as far as possible, in production process management without the use of conventional barrier materials, it is desirable to simplify the adjustment of the defined prism.

[0024] Purpose of the Invention

[0025] Compared to the prior art outlined in this respect, the object of the present invention is to provide a device, in particular a device for a production process chain, which is ideally managed completely without the need for conventional blocking aids (blocking elements, blocking materials), for holding an optical workpiece, i.e. a spectacle lens, at a first of two opposing workpiece surfaces and for processing or treating the optical workpiece at a second of the two workpiece surfaces, which device generally solves the problems described above with respect to the prior art and in particular enables a simplified setting of a clearly defined prismatic tilt of the optical workpiece, in particular for use in an at least partially automated production environment. The object of the present invention also comprises a method for holding an optical workpiece, in particular a spectacle lens, at a holding device with a first of two opposing workpiece surfaces and for processing or treating the optical workpiece at a second of the two workpiece surfaces, by which the prismatic tilt of the optical workpiece can also be set and maintained in the simplest possible manner. Summary of the invention

[0026] The above-mentioned object is achieved by a device for holding an optical workpiece, in particular a spectacle lens, having the features of claim 1 and by a method for holding an optical workpiece, in particular a spectacle lens, by the method steps according to claim 14. Advantageous or advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0027] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a device for holding an optical workpiece (especially a spectacle lens) at a first workpiece surface of two opposing workpiece surfaces so as to process or treat the optical workpiece at a second workpiece surface of the workpiece surfaces comprises: a lower portion having a base, the lower portion having a central base axis and comprising an interface for three-dimensionally defined fixation to a holder, and a lower wedge-shaped section adjoining the base along the base axis and extending transversely to the base axis, and an upper portion having a holding section for the optical workpiece, the holding section having a central holding axis, and an upper wedge-shaped section adjoining the holding section along the holding axis and extending transversely to the holding axis, wherein the lower portion and the upper portion having the lower wedge-shaped section and the upper wedge-shaped section facing each other are The parts are rotatable relative to each other around a common rotation axis inclined relative to the base axis and the holding axis, so that the relative rotation of the upper part and the lower part around the rotation axis produces a relative inclination of the holding section relative to the base; the device has a wedge-shaped orientation arrangement, which has an orientation aid at the upper part, by which the rotational angle position of the upper part around the base axis can be determined and / or the upper part can be fixed in the rotational angle position around the base axis, and / or has an adjacent part between the upper part and the lower part, which defines at least one rotational angle end position of the upper part around the rotation axis relative to the lower part, wherein the holding section at the upper part has a minimum or maximum inclination relative to the base of the lower part.

[0028] The provision of a wedge-shaped orientation arrangement at the holding device according to the invention simplifies the presetting of the holding device relative to the prism predetermined for the workpiece to be held, in particular in an (at least partially) automated processing sequence, such as is desired in an industrial production process of eyeglass lenses, and the holding device is configured for an adaptive, i.e. adjustable, prism holding of the workpiece within the desired limits. In this case, the invention makes use of the fact that in the case of a holding device according to the invention, in which two wedges located one above the other at the upper part and the lower part rotate relative to each other about a common axis of rotation, the relative rotational arrangement of the upper part and the lower part is decisive for the prism tilting of the holding section at the upper part relative to the base of the lower part. In this respect, the three-dimensional position of the lower part of the holding device is clearly defined by the interface provided at the base of the lower part, which also particularly includes the rotational arrangement of the lower part about the base axis.

[0029] The orientation aid at the upper part now allows to establish and / or fix the rotational angular position of the upper part about the base axis in a simple manner and thus directly ensure (i.e. check or set) the prismatic inclination of the holding section relative to the base. If the holding device according to the invention is inserted into an associated holder, which, for example, has a preselected relative rotational setting of the lower part and the upper part, wherein the interface is at the base of the lower part, whereby the lower part has a clearly defined and known position in three dimensions, its relative rotational setting relative to the lower part can be detected by the orientation aid at the upper part and conclusions can thus be easily drawn about the inclination of the holding section relative to the base. This can be used, for example, for the purpose of matching the actual inclination of the holding section relative to the base with a target inclination of the holding section relative to the base in order, for example, to verify the actual inclination of the holding section relative to the base before the workpiece is held at the holding device.

[0030] Furthermore, if the orientation aid is optionally adapted to allow fixing of the rotational angular position of the upper part around the base axis, the desired or required inclination of the holding section relative to the base can be set or corrected in a simple manner in a further processing sequence. Then, for example, the lower part of the base can be rotated around the base axis together with the interface received in the relevant holder in a defined manner by the holder, while the upper part is fixed with the orientation aid of the wedge-shaped orientation arrangement against a (joint) rotation around the base axis. Due to the aforementioned wedge action, the relative inclination of the holding section and the base then changes in a predetermined and known manner depending on the relative rotation of the upper part and the lower part.

[0031] If the wedge-shaped orientation arrangement (alternatively or in addition to the above-mentioned orientation aid) comprises a required abutment between the upper part and the lower part, which abutment fixes at least one rotational angular end position of the upper part and the lower part by a minimum or maximum tilting of the holding section relative to the base, it is advantageously possible, for example, in a (partially) automatic processing sequence, to rotate the lower part and the upper part of the holding device relative to each other around the rotation axis and into abutment without further control - whether only by rotation of the upper part or only by rotation of the lower part or by opposite rotation of the upper part and the lower part - in order to achieve a minimum or maximum tilting of the holding section relative to the base. If one part (the upper part or the lower part) is subsequently fixed against rotation, the desired tilting of the holding section relative to the base can be set by a defined (return) rotation of the other part (the lower part or the upper part) out of the abutment position. The corresponding amount of tilting depends on the wedge angles of the wedge-shaped sections of the lower part and the upper part and on the angular amount of the relative rotation between the lower part and the upper part.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the holding device, the orientation aid of the wedge-shaped orientation arrangement can have a projection that extends radially outwards substantially away from the upper wedge-shaped section of the upper part relative to the axis of rotation. Compared with, for example, a notch or mark only on the outside of the upper part (which is sufficient in principle for the detection of the rotational position of the upper part), such a projection can also advantageously be used as a handle, by which the upper part can be fixed in its rotational angle position around the base axis, for example, by fixing it to prevent rotation by an appropriate counter-bearing. However, as an alternative to such a "raised" geometry at the upper part, the upper part can also have a cutout that extends radially inwards substantially relative to the axis of rotation. Then, for example, such a cutout can cooperate with a slide of a complementary configuration to fix the upper part in its rotational angle position around the base axis. Obviously, there are other possibilities, such as temporarily fixing the upper part of the holding device to prevent rotation around the base axis by circumferential clamping at the holding section or at the upper wedge-shaped section of the upper part.

[0033] If the wedge-shaped orientation arrangement (also) comprises the above-mentioned (rotational) abutment between the upper part and the lower part, in an advantageous embodiment, this abutment may have a dedicated abutment section preferably formed in the interior of the holding device, namely a first abutment section at the lower part, which cooperates with a second abutment section at the upper part. In this case, the device may preferably be such that the first abutment section and the second abutment section of the abutment each have a configuration of a 90° ring segment when viewed in a plan view along the axis of rotation and have two end abutment surfaces when viewed in a circumferential direction around the axis or rotation, wherein one of these abutment surfaces of the first abutment section cooperates with one of these abutment surfaces of the second abutment section in order to fix a maximum inclination of the holding section at the upper part relative to the base of the lower part, while the other abutment surface of the first abutment section cooperates with the other abutment surface of the second abutment section in order to fix a minimum inclination of the holding section at the upper part relative to the base of the lower part. Thus, this designed rotational abutment between the upper and lower parts of the holding device advantageously defines two extreme positions of the tilting of the holding section. The configuration of the abutment section as a ring segment also offers the additional advantage that an inverted mounting of the holding device in the relative rotational position of the upper and lower parts is excluded, compared to, for example, four discrete abutment points likewise conceived instead of end face abutment surfaces at a ring segment.

[0034] In principle, the adjusted relative rotational angle position of the upper and lower parts of the holding device can be fixed in a stepless manner in the rotational angle, for example, by a frictional coupling between the upper and lower parts, optionally by the intermediary of a rubber ring or the like between the upper and lower parts, if a sufficient normal force acts between the upper and lower parts. However, in particular with regard to the reliable retention of the set relative rotational angle position of the upper and lower parts - and thus the desired inclination of the holding section relative to the base - even in the case of torques acting on the upper part or the lower part about the rotational axis, for example as a result of machining or processing of the workpiece held at the holding device and / or as a result of the rotational drive of the holding device, it is preferred if the set relative rotational angle position of the upper and lower parts can be fixed mechanically and reliably about the rotational axis step by step.

[0035] It is preferred here that the possibility of a stepwise mechanically reliable fixation of the set relative rotational angle position of the upper part and the lower part comprises providing a Hirth toothing as a mechanically reliable connection between the upper part and the lower part, the Hirth toothing having a first toothing section on the upper side of the lower part and a second toothing section on the lower side of the upper part, the second toothing section being formed complementary to the first toothing section. The advantage of such a Hirth toothing is that, in the case of relatively low normal forces between the toothing sections, the Hirth toothing (e.g. in use, e.g. as a slipping clutch in a torque-limiting battery drill / driver) allows the toothing sections to selectively "slip over", which facilitates a sensitive setting of a defined relative rotational angle position of the upper part and the lower part. When the relative rotational angle position of the upper part and the lower part required for the desired tilting of the holding section is achieved, the obtained mechanically reliable connection can be fixed in a simple manner by increasing the normal force. In this case, a further advantage of this Hulse toothing is due to its self-centering feature which is due to the conical shape of each tooth seen in cross section and which seeks to center the upper and lower parts of the retaining device equally relative to the axis of rotation.

[0036] In tests carried out by the inventors, a Hulse toothing preferably has a number of between 28 and 36 teeth, and / or wherein the individual teeth have a tooth height of between 1 mm and 3 mm at the radial outer edges of the teeth relative to the axis of rotation, and / or wherein the individual teeth are located in a circle around the axis of rotation having a radius of between 15 mm and 20 mm relative to the axis of rotation, which has proven to be advantageous with respect to a smaller requirement for installation space and a moderate necessary axial retaining force.

[0037] As far as the actual holding of the optical workpiece at the holding section of the upper part is concerned, this can in principle be designed in such a way that the workpiece is rigidly and detachably fastened to the holding section of the upper part by, for example, conventional (barrier) adhesives, which can have advantages for specific applications due to the relatively solid full-area support of the workpiece at the holding section. On the other hand, however, embodiments of the holding device are preferred here in which a flexible holding ring is mounted on the holding section of the upper part, on which the optical workpiece can be placed by its first workpiece surface. In particular, this advantageously allows - avoiding the use of conventional barrier materials - to hold the workpiece at the holding section of the upper part by the "vacuum" principle. In this regard, previous studies by the inventors have shown that in the case of, for example, the production of eyeglass lenses with flexible tools in, for example, a polishing process, the requirements for positioning accuracy and area support are significantly smaller than in the case of upstream production of optically active forms, which, in the case of, for example, plastic eyeglass lenses, usually involve force-intensive processing by milling and turning. In such a polishing step, a positioning accuracy in the millimeter range has proven to be sufficient and, relative to the support, has proven to be sufficient to secure the spectacle lens, preventing the tilting that the flexible retaining ring is fully capable of achieving.

[0038] In tests carried out by the inventors, it has additionally proved to be particularly advantageous, in particular with regard to the best possible ability to adapt the flexible retaining ring to the surface geometry of the optical workpiece to be retained, without the risk of too "soft" a support of the workpiece for example for a polishing process, and with regard to a good level of resistance to liquid additives that may be used in the corresponding production steps, if the flexible retaining ring is made of NBR or EPDM and / or has a hardness according to Shore A of between 15 and 80, preferably between 20 and 50, and / or a material thickness of 1.0 mm to 8.0 mm, preferably between 2.0 mm and 5.0 mm. The material thickness mentioned can be uniform over the area size of the retaining ring, but not necessarily uniform, but can increase or decrease within the limits claimed, in particular in the radial direction, according to the respective retaining requirements. Furthermore, in this context, a "retaining ring" does not necessarily mean a ring with a circular torus shape, but also includes rings with different closed annular shapes, for example a ring with an outer contour, as seen in plan view, having a pad shape or the like.

[0039] As already further indicated above, the holding device in a preferred embodiment, for example, for a polishing process of eyeglass lenses, can comprise an outer vacuum chamber at the upper part, which is bounded at least by the end face of the holding section at the upper part and the inner circumferential surface of the flexible holding ring and can be evacuated for releasably holding the optical workpiece placed on the flexible holding ring at the first workpiece surface. Thus, for example, the use of conventional barrier materials for releasably fastening the workpiece to the holding section can advantageously be avoided.

[0040] As far as the releasable connection or fixation of the lower part and the upper part to each other is concerned, different solutions are also possible when they are in their desired or required relative rotational setting relative to each other. Thus, for example, the releasable connection can be provided by a combination of spring force or friction and mechanically reliable fixation by means of screws or the like. However, in particular with regard to the automation of production and the good ability to cancel the connection of the lower part and the upper part, in this case the highest possible efficiency - even in terms of time - and the minimum possible expenditure relative to the device, it is preferred for these purposes that the lower part and the upper part define an inner vacuum chamber, which is sealed relative to the environment by a sealing ring and which can be evacuated so as to releasably hold the upper part at the lower part at a predetermined rotation angle set around the axis of rotation. The sealing ring can be, for example, a commercially available O-ring, or a so-called "quad-ring", i.e. an annular sealing ring with an approximately square cross-section.

[0041] In this respect, it is particularly preferred that the inner vacuum chamber is pneumatically connectable or connectable to the outer vacuum chamber, which is preferably connected via a connecting hole in the holding section of the upper part. Thus, advantageously, in particular one and the same vacuum device can be used in order to releasably hold the assembly of the lower part, the upper part and the workpiece together in a predetermined relative arrangement. The advantage of the optional connecting hole is that the permanent connection of the inner vacuum chamber and the outer vacuum chamber facilitates the release of the workpiece from the holding device after processing or treatment, because the vacuum is thus present at two separation points relative to the environment, i.e. inwards at the sealing ring and outwards at the holding ring, and the presence of these two separation points increases the probability that at least one of them can be released.

[0042] In a development of the holding device, it can further be provided that a spring element is arranged between the lower part and the upper part so as to generate a biasing force between the lower part and the upper part, which biasing force forces the lower part to separate from the upper part. Such a spring element can advantageously help the lower part and the upper part to release each other, in particular for removing a vacuum in a time-efficient manner when negative pressure is used to hold the lower part and the upper part together.

[0043] With regard to the highest possible processing reliability when using the holding device, for example in an (at least partially) automated production environment, it is further preferred if a pawl connection is formed between a lower part and an upper part of the holding device, which pawl connection secures the upper part to the lower part with play to prevent losses, the pawl connection preferably comprising a plurality of flexible pawl hooks at one part which cooperate with undercuts at another part.

[0044] Finally, in a preferred embodiment of the holding device, a centering aid for aligning the upper and lower parts with respect to a common axis of rotation can be formed between the lower part and the upper part, preferably comprising a substantially hollow cylindrical sleeve portion at one part cooperating with a substantially cylindrical collar at the other part. Such a centering aid advantageously simplifies the mounting of the holding device.

[0045] According to a second aspect of the invention, a method for holding an optical workpiece, in particular an eyeglass lens, at a holding device with a first workpiece surface of two opposing workpiece surfaces and for machining or treating the optical workpiece at a second workpiece surface of the two workpiece surfaces comprises the following steps: a) providing an optical workpiece to be machined or treated; b) providing a holding device for the optical workpiece, the holding device comprising a lower part with a base and an upper part with a holding section for the optical workpiece, the lower part having a central base axis and comprising an interface for three-dimensionally defined fixation to a holder, and a lower wedge-shaped section adjoining the base along the base axis and extending transversely to the base axis, the holding section having a central holding axis, and an upper wedge-shaped section adjoining the holding section along the holding axis and extending transversely to the holding axis, wherein the lower and upper parts of the mutually facing lower and upper wedge-shaped sections are arranged around a central axis relative to the base axis and the holding axis. The common rotation axis of the linear inclination is rotatable relative to each other so that the relative rotation of the upper part and the lower part about the rotation axis produces a relative inclination of the holding section relative to the base, wherein the holding device additionally comprises a flexible holding ring located at the holding section, an outer outer vacuum chamber defined by at least an end face of the holding section and an inner circumferential surface of the flexible holding ring, and an inner vacuum chamber sealed from the environment by a sealing ring between the lower part and the upper part; c) ensuring that the holding section has a desired relative inclination at the upper part relative to the base of the lower part; d) placing the optical workpiece on the flexible holding ring at the holding section of the upper part of the holding device in alignment with the holding axis of the holding device with its first workpiece surface; and e) evacuating the inner vacuum chamber and the outer vacuum chamber together so as to simultaneously fix the upper part and the lower part of the holding device to each other in their relative rotation setting about the rotation axis and the optical workpiece relative to the holding section of the holding device.

[0046] Thus, in a manner that is also particularly efficient in terms of time, it is advantageously possible to use in this process the same vacuum not only to temporarily, i.e. releasably, fix the workpiece to the holding device, but also to simultaneously and releasably ensure a relative rotational setting of the lower part and the upper part of the holding device relative to one another and a tilting setting thereby achieved in the holding section at the upper part relative to the base of the lower part.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the method, at least step e) can be carried out in an evacuable container, into which the holding device and the optical workpiece are inserted. Thus, in particular, the inner vacuum chamber and the outer vacuum chamber do not need to have any pneumatic connection within the holding device. This firstly has the advantage that, for example, in the event of a loss of a workpiece, for example during a polishing process, no abrasive polishing medium can enter the interior of the holding device and contaminate any mechanism present therein (for example the aforementioned Hulse toothing). Considering in the opposite direction, there is also no risk that abrasive material, for example generated at the mechanism of the holding device, enters the outer vacuum chamber from the inner vacuum chamber and could cause damage to the holding surface of the workpiece therein. Therefore, it is also advantageous to clean the holding device without holding the workpiece on the holding device, since the inner vacuum chamber is closed towards the outside even in the absence of a workpiece.

[0048] If step e) is carried out in an evacuable container, this may be followed by a step f) of removing the holding device and the optical workpiece held thereon from the evacuable container, a particular feature of which is that at the beginning of this step the evacuable container is ventilated while the optical workpiece is pressed against the flexible holding ring substantially along the holding axis. This in turn contributes to a high level of process reliability, since it is ensured that the inner vacuum chamber and the outer vacuum chamber cannot be accidentally ventilated simultaneously during the venting of the evacuable container.

[0049] Furthermore, the step c) of fixing the desired relative inclination of the holding section relative to the base can comprise a relative rotation of the upper and lower parts of the holding device around the axis of rotation. On the other hand, if the holding device already has a relative rotation setting of the lower and upper parts when it is provided in step b), which relative rotation setting produces the desired or required inclination of the holding section of the upper part relative to the base of the lower part, then the relative rotation of the upper and lower parts in step c) is superfluous. Then, step c) only comprises checking whether the actual inclination of the holding section corresponds to the target inclination of the holding section. Obviously, this check can also be performed directly by comparing the relative actual rotation of the upper and lower parts with the relative target rotation of the upper and lower parts.

[0050] Finally, step d) of placing the optical workpiece aligned with respect to the holding axis of the holding device can include centering the optical workpiece with respect to the holding axis of the holding device and / or orienting the optical workpiece at a rotation angle about the holding axis of the holding device. In each case, it must be ensured in step d) that the optical workpiece is positioned on the holding section of the holding device in a relative arrangement, wherein the desired or required prism inclination of the workpiece results - thus usually a relative arrangement, wherein the prism provided at the holding device substantially compensates for the prism of the workpiece. In this respect, the separation of the movement between the workpiece and the holding device can also take place, for example, in such a way that the holding device itself rotates only about the base axis, while the workpiece is positioned in the remaining three translational and two rotational degrees of freedom of movement relative to the holding device, knowing its rotational position.

[0051] Further features, properties and advantages of the device according to the invention and of the method according to the invention for holding or receiving an optical workpiece will become apparent to a person skilled in the art from the following description of preferred embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of preferred embodiments with reference to the partially schematic drawings, in which:

[0053] Figure 1 shows a side view of a holding device according to the invention, at which a spectacle lens blank with a prism is retained and which has a lower part with a lower wedge-shaped section and an upper part with an upper wedge-shaped section, the lower parts being located one above the other and rotatable relative to each other about a common rotational axis in order to bring about a relative tilting of the holding section of the upper part with the holding axis relative to a base, the lower part having a base axis, wherein the viewing direction is selected such that the view is in front of a projection of an orientation aid on the upper part, which indicates the rotational angular position of the upper part about the base axis and is part of a wedge-shaped orientation arrangement;

[0054] Figure 2 Shown according to Figure 1 A side view of a holding device with a semi-finished spectacle lens held thereon, wherein Figure 1 Right viewing direction;

[0055] Figure 3 Shown according to Figure 1 A side view of a holding device with a semi-finished spectacle lens held thereon, wherein Figure 1 Left viewing direction in ;

[0056] Figure 4 Shown according to Figure 1A bottom view of a holding device with a spectacle lens semi-finished product held thereon, with a view of an interface at the base of the lower part for three-dimensionally defined fixing of the holding device to a holder;

[0057] Figure 5 Shown according to Figure 1 an exploded perspective view of a holding device and a spectacle lens blank, as considered from below to above, the perspective exploded view showing the lower part, the sealing ring between the lower part and the upper part, the upper part, the flexible holding ring between the upper part and the spectacle lens blank and the spectacle lens blank, wherein - again considered from below to above - the base axis, the axis of rotation of the holding device and the holding axis are shown, and the viewing angle of the perspective view is selected so that the angular adjustment of the mentioned axes relative to one another or their non-existent axial alignment is recognizable;

[0058] Figure 6 Shows the view from above and from the left. Figure 1 a perspective view of the lower part of the holding device of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the perspective of the perspective view is selected so that, in particular, a first abutment section of the abutment between the upper part and the lower part can be seen, which first abutment section as a further component of the wedge-shaped orientation arrangement defines the rotational angular end position of the upper part relative to the lower part about the rotational axis, wherein the holding section is minimally or maximally inclined relative to the base;

[0059] Figure 7 Shows the view from below and from the left. Figure 1 A perspective view of the upper part of the holding device of , wherein the perspective of the perspective view is selected so that, in particular, the left end abutment surface of the second abutment section of the abutment between the upper part and the lower part can be seen;

[0060] Figure 8 Shows the view from the bottom and right. Figure 1 A perspective view of the upper part of the holding device of , wherein the perspective of the perspective view is selected so that, in particular, the right end abutment surface of the second abutment section of the abutment between the upper part and the lower part can be seen;

[0061] Fig. 9 Shows the view from above and from the left. Figure 1 with a view into an outer vacuum chamber which is delimited by the end face of the holding section and the inner circumferential surface of the flexible holding ring and which can be evacuated in order to detachably hold a spectacle lens blank (not shown here) placed on the flexible holding ring;

[0062] Fig.10Shown according to Figure 1 A side view of a holding device, which is inserted into a vacuum container of a connection unit, the vacuum container being indicated by a dotted line, wherein Fig.10 On the side of the holding device at the left in the figure, a fixing abutment of the connecting unit is shown, which fixing abutment cooperates with a projection of the orientation aid at the upper part, and wherein the lower part and the upper part of the holding device are in a desired relative rotational arrangement with respect to each other, which here differs from the rotational angle end position of the upper part relative to the lower part about an axis or rotation;

[0063] Fig.11 Shown according to Figure 1 A side view of a retaining device, the retaining device being in contact with Fig.10 The upper and lower parts are arranged in a relative rotational manner, with Fig.10 The left side and Fig.10 The viewing direction of the fixed adjacent portion;

[0064] Fig.12 Shown according to Figure 1 A bottom view of a retaining device, the retaining device being in a position corresponding to Fig.10 The upper and lower parts of the device are arranged in a relative rotation, wherein Fig.11 and Fig.10 A direction viewed from below in a fixed adjacent portion of the device;

[0065] Fig.13 shows a cross-sectional view rotating clockwise in the plane of the drawing, Figure 1 The holding device shown and Fig.10 The fixed abutment shown is Fig.10 corresponds to the section line XIII-XIII in , for illustrating the fact that, in the depicted relative rotational arrangement of the upper and lower parts, the first abutting section at the lower part and the second abutting section at the upper part are spaced from each other as seen in the circumferential direction about the axis or axis of rotation;

[0066] Fig.14 Shown with Fig.11 The corresponding basis of the section line XIV-XIV in Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a retaining device;

[0067] Fig.15 Shown according to Figure 1 The holding device and Fig.10 A side view of a fixed abutment with the lower portion and the upper portion in contact with Figures 10 to 14 The corresponding relative rotation setting, but with Figures 10 to 14In contrast, the holding device has been rotated as a whole about the base axis until the projection of the orientation aid arranged at the upper part has come into contact with the fixing abutment;

[0068] Fig.16 Shown according to Figure 1 A side view of a retaining device, the retaining device being in a position corresponding to Figures 10 to 14 The upper and lower parts are arranged in a relative rotation, with Fig.15 The left viewing direction and Fig.10 A fixed adjacent portion;

[0069] Fig.17 Shown according to Figure 1 A bottom view of a retaining device, the retaining device being in contact with Figures 10 to 14 The upper and lower parts are arranged in a relative rotational manner, wherein Fig.16 and Fig.10 A direction viewed from below in a fixed abutment of the device, wherein a rotation arrow shows the rotation of the holding device as a whole about the base axis;

[0070] Fig.18 Shown according to Figure 1 and Fig.10 A sectional view of a retaining device for a fixed abutment of the embodiment of the present invention, the retaining device being rotated in a clockwise direction in the plane of the drawing, corresponding to Fig.16 The section line XVIII-XVIII in Fig.16 represents the cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and thus represents the Fig.16 The surface normal of the drawing plane is actually slightly inclined to the section plane, and also has Fig.17 The rotation arrows;

[0071] Fig.19 Shown with Fig.17 The section line XIX-XIX in the Figure 1 A sectional view of the holding device, the sectional view being rotated counterclockwise in the plane of the drawing;

[0072] Fig. 20 Shown according to Figure 1 The holding device and Fig.10 A side view of a fixed abutment of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the upper portion is arranged in a rotational arrangement maintained by the fixed abutment and the projection, and with Figures 15 to 19 Corresponding, but with Figures 15 to 19 By comparison, the lower part has been rotated about the base axis until the first abutment section of the lower part has come into contact with the second abutment section of the upper part, thereby achieving an angular end position of the rotation of the lower part relative to the upper part, wherein the holding section here has a minimal inclination relative to the base, i.e. no inclination;

[0073] Fig.21 Shown according to Figure 1 A side view of a retaining device, the retaining device being in contact with Fig. 20 The upper and lower parts are arranged in a relative rotational manner, with Fig. 20 The left side and Fig.10 The viewing direction of the fixed adjacent portion;

[0074] Fig. 22 Shown according to Figure 1 The holding device is in Fig. 20 Bottom view of the corresponding upper and lower parts in a relatively rotated arrangement, wherein Fig.21 and Fig.10 A direction viewed from below in a fixed abutment of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein a rotation arrow shows the rotation of the lower part relative to the upper part about the base axis;

[0075] Fig.23 Shown according to Figure 1 and Fig.10 A sectional view of a retaining device of a fixed abutment, the retaining device being rotated in a clockwise direction in the plane of the drawing, the sectional view being similar to Fig. 20 The section line XXIII-XXIII in FIG. 1 corresponds to the section line XXIII-XXIII in FIG. 1 , and also has a section line from Fig. 22 The rotation arrows;

[0076] Fig.24 Shown with Fig.21 The section line XXIV-XXIV corresponds to the basis Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the holding device, in which it is indicated by a dashed auxiliary line, at the Figures 20 to 23 How the wedge angles of the lower wedge section and the upper wedge section "cancel each other" in the relative rotational arrangement of the corresponding upper and lower parts, so that the retaining section does not tilt relative to the base;

[0077] Fig.25 Shown according to Figure 1 The holding device and Fig.10 A side view of a fixed adjacent portion of Figure 20 to Figure 24 In contrast, the lower part has been rotated backwards about the base axis relative to the upper part held by the projection at the fixed abutment until a predetermined inclination of the holding section relative to the base, for example 7°, is achieved;

[0078] Fig.26 Shown according to Figure 1 A side view of a retaining device, the retaining device being in contact with Fig.25 The upper and lower parts are arranged in a relative rotational manner, with Fig.25 The direction of observation from the left side, Fig.10 a fixed abutment and a locking element, represented by a rectangle and retractable perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and corresponding to the fixed abutment, capable of holding the upper part against rotation at the projection of the orientation aid;

[0079] Fig. 27 Shown according to Figure 1 A bottom view of a retaining device, the retaining device being in a position corresponding to Fig.25 The upper and lower parts are arranged to rotate relative to each other, with Fig.26 In the direction of viewing from below, Fig.10 The fixed adjacent portion and Fig.26 a locking element, wherein the rotation arrow shows the (return) rotation of the lower part relative to the upper part about the base axis, and the double arrow shows the movement possibilities of the locking element;

[0080] Fig.28 Shown according to Figure 1 The holding device, Fig.10 The fixed adjacent part and Fig.26 A cross-sectional view of the locking element of FIG. 1 rotated in a clockwise direction in the plane of the drawing, which corresponds to Fig.26 The section line XXVIII-XXVIII in Fig. 27 Rotating arrows and double arrows;

[0081] Fig.29 Shown with Fig.25 The section line XXIX-XXIX in the Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a retaining device;

[0082] Fig.30 Shows the corresponding Figure 2 The basis of the section line XXX-XXX in Figure 1 sectional view of a holding device with a spectacle lens semi-finished product, which is held there, wherein the relative rotation setting of the upper part and the lower part corresponds to Figures 25 to 29 and wherein an optional spring element generates a biasing force that urges the lower portion and the upper portion apart, indicated by a dashed line at a center position between the lower portion and the upper portion;

[0083] Fig.31 Shows the corresponding Figure 1 The section line XXXI-XXXI in Figure 1 A sectional view of a holding device on which a semi-finished spectacle lens is held, the sectional view being rotated in a clockwise direction in the plane of the drawing, i.e. in a position such as Fig.30 The upper part and the lower part are arranged in a relative rotation;

[0084] Fig.32 Shown according to Figure 1 The holding device and Fig.10 A side view of a fixed abutment with the upper portion relative to the Figures 15 to 29 The corresponding fixed abutment is in a rotational arrangement, but with Figure 20 to Figure 24 By contrast, the lower part is rotated about the base axis in the opposite direction until the first abutment portion of the lower part comes into contact with the other end-face abutment surface of the second abutment portion of the upper part via its other end-face abutment surface, thereby achieving an angular end position of rotation of the lower part relative to the upper part, in which the retaining portion has a maximum inclination relative to the base;

[0085] Fig.33 Shown according to Figure 1 A side view of a retaining device, the retaining device being in contact with Fig.32 The upper and lower parts are arranged in a relative rotational manner, with Fig.32 The direction of observation from the left side, Fig.10 The fixed adjacent portion and Fig.26 a locking element cooperating with the fixed abutment to retain the upper portion against rotation at the protrusion of the orientation aid;

[0086] Fig.34 Shown according to Figure 1 A bottom view of a retaining device, the retaining device being in a position corresponding to Fig.32 The upper and lower parts are arranged to rotate relative to each other, with Fig.33 In the direction of viewing from below, Fig.10 The fixed adjacent portion and Fig.26 a locking element, wherein the rotation arrow again shows the (return) rotation of the lower part relative to the upper part about the base axis, while the double arrow shows the movement possibilities of the locking element;

[0087] Fig.35 Shown according to Figure 1 The holding device, Fig.10 The fixed adjacent part and Fig.26 A sectional view of the locking element of the embodiment of the invention rotated in a clockwise direction in the plane of the drawing, which is similar to the sectional view of the embodiment of the invention. Fig.32 corresponds to the section line XXXV-XXXV in Fig.34 , wherein the rotation arrow and the double arrow in the figure correspond, wherein in the dotted frame as an alternative to the projection of the orientation aid a cutout in the upper part of the slide is shown, as an alternative to the fixed abutment and the locking element, which are movable in order to fix the upper part in the rotation setting shown; and

[0088] Fig.36 Shown with Fig.33 The corresponding basis of the section line XXXVI-XXXVI in Figure 1 The holding device and Fig.26 A cross-sectional view of a locking element, wherein the dashed auxiliary lines indicate the Fig.32 In the corresponding relative rotation setting of the upper and lower parts, how the wedge angles of the lower wedge segment and the upper wedge segment are "added together" so that the holding segment has a maximum inclination relative to the base, wherein, similar to Fig.35 , an optional rotational fixation of the upper part with the cutout and the slide is shown in a dot-dash box.

[0089] In general, it should be noted at this point with respect to the drawings that Figures 6 to 8 , Fig.13 , Fig.18 , Fig.23 , Fig.28 In the embodiment, a central mark "B" is shown at the lower and upper parts of the holding device, which in a specific embodiment characterizes the type of holding device according to the size - in order to cover the required spectrum of diameters and curvatures of eyeglass lenses, it may be necessary to use several variants of the holding device - which, however, has no significance for the function of the holding device. However, this mark is shown here in order to achieve a faster orientation relative to the respective rotational position of the lower and upper parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0090] The device for holding the optical workpiece (also referred to as holding device in this application) is Figures 1 to 5 and 10 to 36 are generally indicated by reference numeral 10. Figures 1 to 5 , Fig.30 and Fig.31 1 shows a semi-finished spectacle lens (hereinafter referred to as "spectacle lens" 12) as an example of an optical workpiece that is held or is to be held at a holding device 10. The spectacle lens 12 has two optically effective workpiece surfaces 14, 16 (in each case at the end of machining) and a workpiece edge 18 between them. The holding device 10 is generally used to hold the spectacle lens 12 at a first of the two opposite workpiece surfaces 14, 16 (workpiece surface 14) in order to machine or process the spectacle lens 12 at a second of the workpiece surfaces 14, 16 (workpiece surface 16). The processing can be, for example, a polishing of the workpiece surface 16 of the spectacle lens 12, which is known per se, and the processing can be, for example, a marking of the workpiece surface 16 of the spectacle lens 12, which is known per se, as already described in the introduction.

[0091] The special features of the spectacle lens 12 shown here are that Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 5 and Fig.30 As shown, the spectacle lens 12 has a prism, i.e. the two workpiece surfaces 14, 16 are arranged at a defined angle relative to one another, and are therefore inclined relative to one another, so that the spectacle lens 12 has a wedge-shaped shape to a certain extent. In order to ensure such a workpiece shape, i.e. the spectacle lens 12 rotated about the rotation axis during or for machining or treatment does not swing excessively relative to its workpiece surface 16 to be machined or treated transversely to the plane of the rotation axis, the holding device 10 is designed "adaptively", i.e. it can adapt to the prism of the spectacle lens 12 or provide compensation for this, as explained in more detail below.

[0092] As in Figures 5 to 9 As can be readily appreciated in the drawings, the retaining device 10 generally comprises a lower portion 20 and an upper portion 22. Figure 5 and 6 The lower part 20 of the holding device 10 shown in the figures respectively has at the beginning a base 24 with a central base axis BA. The base 24 has an interface 26, which is known per se, for three-dimensionally defined fixing to a holder (not shown) of a machine or device for processing or treating the spectacle lens 12. In addition, the lower part 20 comprises a lower wedge-shaped section 28, which adjoins the base 24 along the base axis BA and extends transversely to the base axis BA.

[0093] On the other hand, Figure 5 and Figures 7 to 9 The upper part 22 of the holding device 10 shown separately in FIG. 1 has a holding section 30 for the spectacle lens 12 , which has a central holding axis AA. In addition, the upper part 22 has an upper wedge-shaped section 32 , which adjoins the holding section 30 along the holding axis AA and extends transversely to the holding axis AA.

[0094] The lower wedge-shaped section 28 of the lower part 20 and the upper wedge-shaped section 32 of the upper part 22 have a common rotation axis DA which is inclined not only relative to the base axis BA but also relative to the holding axis AA, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As described in more detail further below, in the mounted state of the holding device 10, the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 are rotated relative to each other about the common rotation axis DA by means of the mutually facing lower and upper wedge-shaped sections 28, 32, in which case the relative rotation of the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 about the rotation axis DA produces a relative tilting of the holding section 30 of the upper part 22 relative to the base 24 of the lower part 20.

[0095] As will also be described in detail below, different measures i), ii) and iii) are taken at the holding device 10, which improve, in particular simplify and accelerate, the setting and holding of a defined prismatic tilt of a spectacle lens 12 at the holding device 10 in an at least partially automated production environment. In fact, these measures i) to iii) are implemented together in the illustrated embodiment of the holding device 10, but this is not necessary, i.e. they can also be used individually.

[0096] Thus, the holding device 10 is initially provided with a wedge-shaped orientation arrangement, which in the illustrated embodiment comprises not only (among other things) i) an orientation aid 34 at the upper part 22, such as, for example, Figures 7 to 9 and includes ii) an abutment 36 between the upper portion 22 and the lower portion 20 (in this regard, see in particular the Fig.13 , 18 , 23, 28, 31 and 35). By i) an orientation aid 34 at the upper part 22, the rotational angle position of the upper part 22 about the base axis BA is fixable and / or the upper part 22 can be fixed in a rotational angle position about the base axis BA, and ii) an abutment 36 arranged between the upper part 22 and the lower part 20 defines at least one rotational angle end position of the upper part 22 relative to the lower part 20 about the rotational axis DA (in the embodiment shown, two rotational angle end positions), wherein the retaining portion 30 at the upper part 22 is minimally oriented relative to the base 24 of the lower part 20 (see Figures 20 to 24 ) or maximally (see Figures 32 to 36 )tilt.

[0097] Furthermore, iii) an outer vacuum chamber 38 is provided at the upper part 22 of the holding device 10 (see e.g. Fig. 9 ), the outer vacuum chamber can be evacuated to releasably hold the eyeglass lens 12 at the first workpiece surface 14, and an inner vacuum chamber 40 is formed between the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 of the holding device 10 (see, for example Fig.14 , 19 , 24, 29, 30 and 36), which can be evacuated in order to releasably hold the upper part 22 at a predetermined rotation angle set around the rotation axis DA at the lower part 20. In this respect, a further special feature consists in the fact that a joint evacuation of the inner vacuum chamber 40 and the outer vacuum chamber 38 is made possible in order to simultaneously fix the upper part 22 and the lower part 20 of the holding device 10 to each other in a relative rotation setting around the rotation axis DA and the eyeglass lens 12 relative to the holding section 30 of the holding device 10, as explained in further detail below.

[0098] In particular, according to Figures 1 to 5 , the interface 26 at the base 24 of the lower part 20 has different surfaces in a manner known per se, by means of which the holding device 10 can be held in a clearly defined three-dimensional manner and mechanically securely and with the ability of rotational clamping on a holder such as a collet chuck of a workpiece spindle (not shown). In this respect, these surfaces are detailed - for simplicity of illustration, these surfaces are in Figures 1 to 5 In the figures, only indicated by reference numerals are - a height reference surface 42, which extends transversely to the base axis BA; a centering surface 44 at the outer circumference of the base 24; a rotational entrainment cutout 46, which also extends transversely to the base axis BA and whose cross section is continuous and V-shaped; and a recess 48. For the rotational angle orientation of the lower part 20, the rotation angle is angularly offset relative to the lower part 20 around the base axis BA in the circumferential direction.

[0099] from Figures 1 to 5 and Figures 7 to 9 As can be clearly seen in FIG. 1 , on the outer side of the upper part 22 of the holding device 10, the orientation aid 34 has a protrusion 50, which extends substantially radially outwardly relative to the rotation axis DA away from the upper wedge-shaped section 32 of the upper part 22. However, in an alternative embodiment, the orientation aid 34 at the upper part 22 can also have a cutout 51, which extends substantially radially inwardly relative to the rotation axis DA, such as Fig.35 and 36 is shown in a small box delimited by a dotted line.

[0100] The wedge-shaped orientation arrangement also includes externally visible marking grooves 52, 53, in fact even when the holding device 10 is inserted into the holder by the base 24, said marking grooves 52, 53 are located in the lower wedge-shaped section 28 of the lower part 20 and the upper wedge-shaped section 32 of the upper part 22, which indicate in which relative rotational setting the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 are set. If these marking grooves 52, 53 are consistent, as Figures 22 to 24 As shown, the holding section 30 of the upper part 22 has a minimal inclination relative to the base 24 of the lower part 20, i.e., no inclination in the illustrated embodiment. On the other hand, if the marking grooves 52, 53 are located on radially opposite sides of the holding device 10 relative to the rotation axis DA, as shown Figures 34 to 36 As shown, the holding section 30 then has a maximum inclination relative to the base 24 .

[0101] Furthermore, in the transition region from the lower part 20 and the upper part 22, as can be seen from the outside, a centering aid 54 is formed between the lower part 20 and the upper part 22, which centering aid 54 aligns the upper part 22 and the lower part 20 relative to the common axis of rotation DA. In the embodiment shown, the centering aid 54 comprises a substantially hollow cylindrical sleeve portion 55 at the upper part 22, which cooperates with a substantially cylindrical collar 56 at the lower part 20, as in accordance with Fig.14 , 19 , 24, 29, 30 and 36 can be best seen in the cross-sectional views.

[0102] The holding section 30 of the upper part 22 has an end face 58 which faces away from the lower part 20 and is formed concave. The spectacle lens 12 can be mounted on the holding section 30 of the upper part 22 in the region of the end face 58 or around the end face 58 by means of a flexible holding ring 60 on which its first workpiece surface 14 is placed. As already mentioned in the introduction, the flexible holding ring 60 can be made of, for example, NBR (nitrile rubber) or EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene; M group) and preferably has a hardness of between 15 and 80, more preferably between 20 and 50 according to Shore A. However, as an alternative thereto, a foam ring of, for example, PUR (polyurethane elastomer) can be conceivable, which is provided with a covering of natural rubber and has a similar hardness range. In the given case, a suitable uniform material thickness of such a flexible holding ring 60 is preferably between 1.0 mm and 8.0 mm, more preferably between 2.0 mm and 5.0 mm. The concave form of the end face 58 , through its relatively strong curvature and the flexible and adaptable retaining ring 60 , makes it possible to retain spectacle lenses 12 having widely varying front curvatures at their respective workpiece surface 14 .

[0103] As far as the operating principle of the maintenance is concerned, according to especially Fig. 9 , 14 , 19, 24, 29, 30 and 36, an outer vacuum chamber 38 is provided at the upper part 22 of the holding device 10, and the outer vacuum chamber 38 is (in particular) bounded by the end face 58 of the holding section 30 at the upper part 22 and the inner circumferential surface 62 of the flexible holding ring 60. In addition, the outer vacuum chamber 38 can be tightly closed by the workpiece surface 14 of the eyeglass lens 12 on the side of the flexible holding ring 60 away from the base 24, and can be evacuated in order to releasably hold the eyeglass lens 12 placed on the flexible holding ring 60, as described below.

[0104] In accordance with Figures 6 to 8 Stereoscopic diagram and basis Fig.14 , 19, 24, 29, 30 and 36. Thus, firstly, the inner vacuum chamber 40 is sealed relative to the environment by a sealing ring 64, which is defined by the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 and can be ventilated in order to releasably hold the upper part 22 at the lower part 20 at a predetermined rotation angle set around the rotation axis DA. The sealing ring 64 can be, for example, an O-ring as shown in the above figures. In a variant, the inner vacuum chamber 40 can in this case be pneumatically connected to the outer vacuum chamber 38 via a connecting hole 66 in the holding section 30 of the upper part 22, as Figures 7 to 9 , 29 and 30, so that the inner vacuum chamber 40 can also be ventilated through the outer vacuum chamber 38 or vice versa.

[0105] Furthermore, a wedge-shaped oriented abutment 36 is formed in the interior of the holding device 10, which abutment 36 has already been briefly described further above. Figures 6 to 8 , the abutment 36 has a first abutment 68 at the lower part 20, which cooperates with a second abutment 69 of the abutment 36 at the upper part 22. The first abutment section 68 and the second abutment section 69 of the abutment 36 are each configured in the form of an annular section of 90° as seen along the rotation axis DA in a plan view, and each has two end abutment surfaces 70, 71, 72, 73 as seen in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis DA. In this case, one of the abutment surfaces 70, 71 of the first abutment section 68 (the abutment surface 70) cooperates with one of the abutment surfaces 72, 73 of the second abutment section 69 (the abutment surface 72) so as to fix the maximum inclination of the holding section 30 at the upper part 22 relative to the base 24 of the lower part 20 (see Fig.35 On the other hand, the other of the abutment surfaces 70, 71 of the first abutment section 68 (the abutment surface 71) cooperates with the other of the abutment surfaces 72, 73 of the second abutment section 69 (the abutment surface 73) so as to fix the minimum inclination of the holding section 30 at the upper part 22 relative to the base 24 of the lower part 20 (see Fig.23 ).

[0106] Another special feature of the holding device 10 is that the relative rotational angle position of the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 around the rotation axis DA can be mechanically and reliably fixed step by step. For this purpose, a Hulse toothing 74 is formed in sequence between the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 in the interior of the holding device 10. The Hulse toothing 74 includes a first toothing section 75 on the upper side of the lower part 20 and a second toothing section 76 on the lower side of the upper part 22, the second toothing section 76 being formed complementary to the first toothing section 75. In the mounted state of the holding device 10, when the inner vacuum chamber 40 is evacuated, the two toothing sections 75, 76 engage with each other mechanically and reliably and self-centeringly in a manner known per se, and in this case, the sealing ring 64 between the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 is compressed under the axial approach of the upper part 22 and the lower part 20. As a result, undesired relative rotation of the lower portion 20 and the upper portion 22 is prevented by the interlock.

[0107] For a specific case of use, studies by the inventors have shown that the Hulse toothing 74 should have a number of teeth between 28 and 36 teeth. Furthermore, the individual teeth of the Hulse toothing 74 at the radial outer edge of the tooth (with reference to the axis of rotation DA) should have a tooth height of between 1 mm and 3 mm. Furthermore, the individual teeth of the Hulse toothing 74 should be located within a circle around the axis of rotation DA, which circle has a radius of between 15 mm and 20 mm relative to the axis of rotation DA. This results in a relatively steep radial course of the individual teeth of the Hulse toothing 74, which radial course refers to an imaginary plane transverse to the axis of rotation DA. In other words, the tooth roots and tooth crowns of the teeth of the Hulse toothing 74, as considered in the projection onto a plane containing the center axis of the Hulse toothing 74 (=axis of rotation DA), comprise a relatively large inclination angle for the Hulse toothing.

[0108] Furthermore, in order to utilize the play to fix the upper part 22 of the holding device 10 to the lower part 20 and prevent it from being lost or accidentally separated from the lower part 20, a pawl connection 78 between the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 is formed again inside the holding device 10. Figures 6 to 8 As can be best seen in the stereoscopic view of , the pawl connector 78 includes a plurality of flexible pawl hooks 79 at one portion (here the lower portion 20) which cooperate in an axially detent manner with associated annular undercuts 80 at another portion (here the upper portion 22).

[0109] In terms of structure, it is also noted that the holding device 10 is Fig.30As shown in dashed lines at 82 in the figure, a spring element can also be arranged between the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 to generate a biasing force between the lower part 20 and the upper part 22, which pushes the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 apart to help release these components from each other when the inner vacuum chamber 40 is being vented.

[0110] Finally, with regard to the wedge-shaped configuration of the wedge-shaped sections 28, 32 at the lower portion 20 and the upper portion 22, Fig.24 and 36 The range of inclinations of the holding section 30 at the upper part 22 relative to the base 24 of the lower part 20 is shown, which is possible for this embodiment. In the embodiment shown, the wedge-shaped sections 28, 32 each have a wedge angle KW of 5°. Fig.23 ) in a rotational angle end position defined by the abutment surfaces 71, 73 of the abutment 36, these wedge angles KW cancel each other out, so that the holding section 30 is not tilted relative to the base 24 (see Fig.24 ). For example, a spectacle lens 12 without prisms can be held at a holding device 10 arranged in this way.

[0111] on the other hand, Fig.36 The lower part 20 and the upper part 22 of the holding device 10 are shown rotated relative to each other in opposite rotational directions into abutment. Fig.35 ) in this further rotational angle end position defined by the abutment surfaces 70, 72 of the abutment 36, the wedge angles KW added together cause the retaining section 30 to be maximally inclined relative to the base 24, and in particular to be inclined by 10° (see Fig.36 ). A spectacle lens 12 having a prism of, for example, 10° can then be held on a holding device 10 arranged in this way.

[0112] According to the division of the Hulse teeth 74, different inclinations of the holding section 30 at the upper part 22 relative to the base 24 of the lower part 20 can be set stepwise therebetween, wherein the deformability of the flexible holding ring 60 allows eyeglass lenses 12 having a prism between 0° and, for example, 10° to be respectively held at appropriately set holding devices 10 in such a way that their workpiece surface 16 to be machined or processed ultimately has essentially no inclination relative to the base 24 of the holding device 10.

[0113] In summary, the method for holding a spectacle lens 12 by means of a first workpiece surface 14 of the spectacle lens 12 at a holding device 10 for machining or treating the spectacle lens 12 at a second workpiece surface 16 of the spectacle lens 12 will be briefly described with reference to different method stages according to: 1) Figures 10 to 14 (e.g., an initial desired tilt of 3°), 2) Figures 15 to 19 (3° tilt before resetting), 3) Figures 20 to 24 (Reset the tilt to 0°), 4) Figures 25 to 29 (new setting for tilt, e.g. 7°), 5) Figures 1 to 4 , 30 and 31 (maintaining the spectacle lens 12 at an inclination of, for example, 7°) and 6) Figures 32 to 36 (Diagram for maximum tilt of 10°).

[0114] Generally, the method comprises the following steps: a) providing an eyeglass lens 12 to be processed or treated and having or to be provided with a predetermined prism; b) providing a holding device 10 of the above-mentioned "adaptive" construction for the eyeglass lens 12; c) ensuring that the holding section 30 at the upper part 22 of the holding device 10 has a desired relative inclination relative to the base 24 of the lower part 20; d) placing the first workpiece surface 14 of the eyeglass lens 12 on the flexible holding ring 60 at the holding section 30 of the upper part 22 of the holding device 10 in alignment with the holding axis AA of the holding device 10; and e) evacuating the inner vacuum chamber 40 and the outer vacuum chamber 38 together so as to simultaneously fix them to each other in the relative rotation setting of the upper part 22 and the lower part 20 of the holding device 10 around the rotation axis DA and the eyeglass lens 12 relative to the holding section 30 of the holding device 10.

[0115] The steps a) and b) of "providing" a workpiece (spectacle lens 12) and a workpiece holder (holding device 10) obviously assume the presence of suitable handling devices for positioning the workpiece and the workpiece holder in three dimensions in a (partially) automated process sequence, but these are not explained in more detail at this point, since they are sufficiently known to a person skilled in the art. In particular, providing the holding device 10 in a (partially) automated process sequence comprises loading the holding device 10 into a joining unit FE, which is Fig.10 The dashed lines are used as examples and are only shown schematically.

[0116] The connection unit FE in this example comprises a container BH which can be tightly closed by a cover DE and evacuated by a vacuum connection VA. A holder HA for holding the base 24 of the holding device 10 at its interface 26 is arranged in the container BH. The holder 11A can be rotated in a defined manner, i.e. the rotation angle can be controlled, such as Fig.10. In addition, the retainer 11A in the form of a conventional collet chuck has a geometry that is complementary to the interface 26 at the base 24 of the lower part 20 and that allows the interface 26 to be kept interlocked and centered relative to the base axis BA, as well as the ability to orient and rotate the entrainment. In addition, present in the container BH in a fixed position is a fixed abutment FA of the connection unit FE, which cooperates with the protrusion 50 of the orientation aid 34 at the upper part 22, or more precisely, the protrusion 50 can come into contact with it. Finally, a locking element VG ( Fig.10 Not shown, but in Figures 26 to 28 33 to 36 ), the locking element VG can be linearly moved by, for example, a piston-cylinder device and cooperates with the fixed abutment FA to keep the upper part 22 from rotating at the protrusion 50 of the orientation aid 34 .

[0117] In principle, when the holding device 10 is provided according to step b), its holding section 30 may already have a known inclination relative to the base 24. In this case, it is only necessary to verify in step c) the inclination that ensures the desired or required inclination of the holding section 30 at the holding device 10. This can be done in the connection unit FE, for example, by measuring with the aid of marking grooves 52, 53 at the lower part 20 and the upper part 22, whose relative rotational angular position indicates a specific inclination of the holding section 30 relative to the base 24 of the holding device 10.

[0118] However, if the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 of the holding device 10 are in any relative rotational arrangement relative to each other about the rotation axis DA, the inclination of the holding section 30 relative to the base 24 is correspondingly arbitrary. In this case, step c) of ensuring the desired relative inclination of the holding section 30 relative to the base 24 comprises a relative rotation of the upper part 22 and the lower part 20 of the holding device 10 about the rotation axis DA.

[0119] Figures 10 to 13 The holding device 10 is shown with the lower part 20 and the upper part 22 in this undefined relative rotational arrangement directly after being inserted into the holder HA of the coupling unit FE. Starting from this arrangement, the lower part 20 of the holding device 10 together with the upper part 22 of the holding device 10 resting thereon is initially rotated about the base axis BA by a rotation of the holder HA of the coupling unit FE to such an extent that the projection 50 provided at the upper part 22 of the orientation aid 34 comes into contact with the fixed abutment FA of the coupling unit FE, as shown in FIG. Figures 15 to 19 shown.

[0120] Since the upper part 22 of the holding device 10 is now secured against further rotation by the fixed abutment FA, in case the holder HA is further rotated about the base axis BA relative to the upper part 22 of the holding device 10, the lower part 20 of the holding device 10 is rotated until the first abutment section 68 of the lower part 20 is in contact with the second abutment section 69 of the upper part 22 (contact of the end abutment surfaces 71 and 73), as shown in FIG. Fig.23 Zhongcong Figures 20 to 24 As shown, a rotational angle end position of the lower part 20 relative to the upper part 22 is thereby achieved in which the holding section 30 is minimally tilted relative to the base 24 , ie not tilted at all.

[0121] When this rotational setting is achieved, the desired relative rotational setting can be fixed with knowledge of the relative rotational setting between the upper part 22 and the lower part 20 of the holding device 10 and thus the desired tilting of the holding section 30 relative to the base 24. For this purpose, Figures 25 to 29 , first the locking element VG is actuated, which contacts the projection 50 of the orientation aid 34 arranged at the upper part 22 on the side facing away from the fixing abutment FA and in this case fixes the upper part 22 of the holding device 10 against rotation in the opposite rotational direction. Then, the lower part 20 is rotated (backwards) relative to the upper part 22 of the holding device 10. Fig. 27 The desired inclination of the holding section 30 is fixed by an appropriate rotation angle corresponding to the rotation arrow in FIG.

[0122] Subsequently, the first workpiece surface 14 of the spectacle lens 12 is placed on the flexible retaining ring 60 at the retaining section 30 of the upper part 22 of the retaining device 10 in alignment with respect to the retaining axis AA of the retaining device 10 according to step d), wherein this step comprises centering the spectacle lens 12 with respect to the retaining axis AA of the retaining device 10 and / or orienting the spectacle lens 12 at a rotational angle about the retaining axis AA of the retaining device 10. In a (partially) automated process sequence, the handling system associated with the spectacle lens 12 must therefore have appropriate degrees of freedom of movement.

[0123] Then, in step e), the inner vacuum chamber 40 and the outer vacuum chamber 38 of the holding device 10 are evacuated together in order to simultaneously fix them to one another in a relative rotational setting of the upper part 22 and the lower part 20 of the holding device 10 about the axis of rotation DA and the spectacle lens 12 relative to the holding section 30 of the holding device 10. In the embodiment shown, this takes place by applying a vacuum to the evacuable container BH, which in this case is arranged according to Fig.10The cover DE is tightly closed, wherein the holding device 10 and the spectacle lens 12 are now arranged in the desired relative position relative to one another and in particular via the vacuum connection VA of the container BH.

[0124] In the embodiment described here, this step is followed by step f): removing the holding device 10 and the spectacle lens 12 held thereon from the evacuable container BH, wherein initially the evacuable container BH is ventilated and in particular by means of the vacuum connection VA and / or by opening the cover DE, while the spectacle lens 12 is pushed against the flexible holding ring 60 (not shown in the figures) substantially along the holding axis AA. The pushing during the venting of the evacuable container BH prevents the inner vacuum chamber 40 or the outer vacuum chamber 38 of the holding device 10 from being ventilated erroneously therewith. The reason for this is an undesired contact of one of the sealing front surfaces or of a compression spring (spring element 82), which can be arranged between the lower part 20 and the upper part 22, as Fig.30 As shown in , this optionally facilitates the desired ventilation of the inner vacuum chamber 40 during separation of the spectacle lens 12 from the holding device 10 .

[0125] The spectacle lens 12 held in a prismatic manner at the holding device 10 in a given case can now be processed or treated at the free workpiece surface 16. If, after processing or treatment, the spectacle lens 12 is to be separated from the holding device 10 again, the holding device 10 together with the spectacle lens 12 can be reinserted into the evacuable container BH and evacuated more intensively than in the case of the previous engagement. This has the effect that a higher pressure than the pressure prevailing in the vacuum chambers 38, 40 strives to drive the individual components apart.

[0126] The holding device 10 described above and the method presented here make it possible, for example, in a production process of a spectacle lens 12, for example after the generation of the optically active shape, to hold the corresponding spectacle lens 12 in a simple manner, in particular for a downstream polishing process, in given cases also prismatically, so that the spectacle lens 12 does not have to be conventionally "blocked" for the downstream polishing process in this process sequence. The same applies to other processing steps, such as laser engraving. To this extent, the holding device 10 and the described holding method are particularly suitable for use in "blockless" production processes for spectacle lenses, such as the subject matter of documents DE 10 2021 004 831 A1, DE 10 2021 005 202 A1 and DE 10 2021 005 399 A1, to which reference is expressly made here for further process details.

[0127] A device for holding, in particular, a prismatic spectacle lens on a workpiece surface for machining or processing of another workpiece surface comprises a lower part and an upper part. The lower part has a base with a holding interface and a wedge-shaped section transverse to the base axis. The upper part comprises a spectacle lens holding section and a wedge-shaped section transverse to the holding axis. The lower part and the upper part can be rotated relative to each other by their mutually facing wedge-shaped sections around a rotation axis inclined relative to the base axis and the holding axis, so that the holding section and the base are inclined relative to each other. A wedge-shaped orientation arrangement for determining or fixing the rotation angle position of the upper part around the base axis comprises an orientation aid at the upper part and / or at the adjacent part between the upper part and the lower part, which defines the relative rotation angle end position of the upper part and the lower part, which corresponds to the minimum or maximum inclination of the holding section relative to the base. The outer and inner vacuum chambers of the device can be evacuated together in order to connect the lower part, the upper part and the spectacle lens.

[0128] Reference numerals list

[0129] 10 Holding device

[0130] 12Optical workpieces / eyeglass lenses

[0131] 14 (First) Workpiece surface

[0132] 16 (Second) Workpiece Surface

[0133] 18 Workpiece edge

[0134] 20 Lower part

[0135] 22 Upper part

[0136] 24 base

[0137] 26 Interface

[0138] 28 Lower wedge segment

[0139] 30 Keep Section

[0140] 32 Upper wedge segment

[0141] 34 Orientation aids

[0142] 36 Adjacent part

[0143] 38 Outer vacuum chamber

[0144] 40 Inner vacuum chamber

[0145] 42 Height reference surface

[0146] 44 Center surface

[0147] 46 Rotating clamp with cutout

[0148] 48 Depression

[0149] 50 bulge

[0150] 51 Incision

[0151] 52 Marker slot

[0152] 53 Marker slot

[0153] 54 Centering aid

[0154] 55 Sleeve section

[0155] 56 Ring

[0156] 58 End face

[0157] 60 Flexible retaining ring

[0158] 62 Inner circumferential surface

[0159] 64 Sealing ring

[0160] 66 Connection hole

[0161] 68 First adjacent segment

[0162] 69 Second adjacent segment

[0163] 70 End abutment surface

[0164] 71 End abutment surface

[0165] 72 End abutment surface

[0166] 73 End abutment surface

[0167] 74 Hulls Tooth

[0168] 75 First tooth section

[0169] 76 Second tooth section

[0170] 78 Locking connection

[0171] 79 Stop hook

[0172] 80 Undercut

[0173] 82 Spring element

[0174] AA Maintain axis

[0175] BA base axis

[0176] BH Container

[0177] DA Rotation axis

[0178] DE Cover

[0179] FA fixed adjacent part

[0180] FE connection unit

[0181] HA Retainer

[0182] KW Wedge Angle

[0183] VA Vacuum connection

[0184] VG locking element

Claims

1. A device (10) for holding an optical workpiece (12), in particular a spectacle lens, at a first workpiece surface of two opposite workpiece surfaces (14, 16) and for machining or treating the optical workpiece (12) at a second workpiece surface of the workpiece surfaces (14, 16), the device comprising a lower part (20) having a base (24) having a central base axis (BA) and comprising an interface (26) for three-dimensionally defined fixing to a holder, and a lower wedge-shaped section (28) adjoining the base (24) along the base axis (BA) and extending transversely to the base axis (BA), and an upper part (22) having a holding section (30) for the optical workpiece (12), the holding section having a central holding axis (AA), and an upper wedge-shaped section (32) adjoining the holding section (30) along the holding axis (AA) and extending transversely to the holding axis (AA), in, The lower part (20) and the upper part (22) having the mutually facing lower wedge-shaped section (28) and the upper wedge-shaped section (32) are rotatable relative to each other about a common rotation axis (DA) inclined relative to the base axis (BA) and the holding axis (AA), so that a relative rotation of the upper part (22) and the lower part (20) about the rotation axis (DA) produces a relative inclination of the holding section (30) relative to the base (24); Characterized in that the wedge-shaped orientation arrangement has an orientation aid (34) at the upper part (22), by which the rotational angle position of the upper part (22) around the base axis (BA) can be determined and / or the upper part (22) can be fixed in the rotational angle position around the base axis (BA), and / or there is an adjacent portion (36) between the upper part (22) and the lower part (20), which defines at least one rotational angle end position of the upper part (22) relative to the lower part (20) around the rotation axis (DA), wherein the retaining section (30) at the upper part (22) has a minimum or maximum inclination relative to the base (24) of the lower part (20).

2. The device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that The orientation aid (34) has a protrusion (50) which protrudes approximately radially outward from the upper wedge-shaped section (32) of the upper part (22) relative to the rotation axis (DA), or has a cutout (51) in the upper part (22) which extends approximately radially inward relative to the rotation axis (DA).

3. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The abutment (36) has a first abutment section (68) at the lower portion (20) that cooperates with a second abutment section (69) of the abutment (36) at the upper portion (22).

4. The device (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that The first abutment section (68) and the second abutment section (69) of the abutment portion (36) seen in a plan view along the rotation axis (DA) are each configured in the form of a 90° annular section, and the first abutment section (68) and the second abutment section (69) seen in a circumferential direction around the rotation axis (DA) each have two end abutment surfaces (70, 71, 72, 73), wherein one of the abutment surfaces (70, 71) of the first abutment section (68) is in contact with the second abutment section (69). One of the abutment surfaces (72, 73) of the first abutment section (68) cooperates with the other of the abutment surfaces (72, 73) of the second abutment section (69) to fix the maximum inclination of the holding section (30) at the upper part (22) relative to the base (24) of the lower part (20), while the other of the abutment surfaces (70, 71) of the first abutment section (68) cooperates with the other of the abutment surfaces (72, 73) of the second abutment section (69) to fix the minimum inclination of the holding section (30) at the upper part (22) relative to the base (24) of the lower part (20).

5. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The relative rotational angle position of the upper part (22) and the lower part (20) about the rotational axis (DA) can be fixed mechanically and securely in a step-by-step manner.

6. The device (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that A Hulse toothing (74) is formed between the upper part (22) and the lower part (20), wherein the Hulse toothing (74) has a first toothing section (75) on the upper side of the lower part (20) and a second toothing section (76) formed complementary to the first toothing section (75) on the lower side of the upper part (22).

7. The device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that The Hulse toothing (74) has a number of teeth between 28 and 36 teeth, and / or each tooth of the Hulse toothing (74) has a tooth height between 1 mm and 3 mm at the radial outer edge of the tooth, and / or each tooth of the Hulse toothing (74) is located in a circle around the rotation axis (DA), the circle having a radius between 15 mm and 20 mm relative to the rotation axis (DA).

8. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that A flexible retaining ring (60) is mounted at the retaining section (30) of the upper part (22), and the optical workpiece (12) can be placed on the flexible retaining ring (60) with its first workpiece surface (14).

9. The device (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that The flexible retaining ring (60) is made of NBR or EPDM, and / or has a hardness according to Shore A of between 15 and 80, preferably between 20 and 50, and / or The material has a thickness of between 1.0 mm and 8.0 mm, preferably between 2.0 mm and 5.0 mm.

10. The device (10) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that An outer vacuum chamber (38) is provided at the upper portion (22), the outer vacuum chamber (38) being defined by at least an end surface (58) of the holding section (30) at the upper portion (22) and an inner circumferential surface (62) of the flexible holding ring (60), and being capable of being evacuated to releasably hold the optical workpiece (12) placed on the flexible holding ring (60) at the first workpiece surface (14).

11. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The lower part (20) and the upper part (22) define an inner vacuum chamber (40), which is sealed relative to the environment by a sealing ring (64) and can be evacuated in order to releasably hold the upper part (22) at the lower part (20) at a predetermined rotation angle set around the rotation axis (DA).

12. The device (10) according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that The inner vacuum chamber (40) can be pneumatically connected or connected to the outer vacuum chamber (38), which is preferably connected via a connecting hole (66) in the holding section (30) of the upper part (22).

13. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a spring element (82) is arranged between the lower portion (20) and the upper portion (22) so as to generate a biasing force between the lower portion (20) and the upper portion (22), the biasing force urging the lower portion (20) to separate from the upper portion (22), and / or A detent connection (78) is formed between the lower part (20) and the upper part (22), the detent connection securing the upper part (20) to the lower part (22) in a play manner to prevent loss, the detent connection preferably comprising a plurality of flexible detent hooks (79) at one part cooperating with undercuts (80) at another part, and / or A centering aid (54) is formed between the lower part (20) and the upper part (22), which aligns the upper part (20) and the lower part (22) relative to a common rotation axis (DA), and the centering aid preferably includes a substantially hollow cylindrical sleeve section (55) at one part, which cooperates with a substantially cylindrical ring (56) at another part.

14. A method for holding an optical workpiece (12), in particular a spectacle lens, at a holding device (10) by means of a first workpiece surface of two opposing workpiece surfaces (14, 16) and for machining or treating the optical workpiece (12) at a second workpiece surface of the workpiece surfaces (14, 16), the method comprising the following steps: a) a) providing the optical workpiece (12) to be processed or treated; b) b) A holding device (10) for an optical workpiece (12) is provided, the holding device comprising a lower part (20) with a base (24) and an upper part (22) with a holding section (30) for the optical workpiece (12), the lower part having a central base axis (BA) and comprising an interface (26) for three-dimensionally defined fixing to a holder, and a lower wedge-shaped section (28) adjoining the base (24) along the base axis (BA) and extending transversely to the base axis (BA), the holding section (30) having a central holding axis (AA), and an upper wedge-shaped section (32) adjoining the holding section (30) along the holding axis (AA) and extending transversely to the holding axis (AA), wherein the lower wedge-shaped section (28) and the upper wedge-shaped section (32) facing each other are arranged to form a holding section (30) for the optical workpiece (12). 2) the lower part (20) and the upper part (22) being rotatable relative to each other about a common rotation axis (DA) inclined relative to the base axis (BA) and the holding axis (AA), so that a relative rotation of the upper part (22) and the lower part (20) about the rotation axis (DA) produces a relative tilting of the holding section (30) relative to the base (24), wherein the holding device (10) additionally comprises a flexible holding ring (60) located at the holding section (30), an outer outer vacuum chamber (38) defined by at least an end face (58) of the holding section (30) and an inner circumferential surface (62) of the flexible holding ring (60), and an inner vacuum chamber (40) sealed relative to the environment by a sealing ring (64) between the lower part (20) and the upper part (22); c) ensuring that the holding section (30) has a desired relative inclination at the upper part (22) relative to the base (24) of the lower part (20); d) placing the optical workpiece (12) with its first workpiece surface (14) aligned with the holding axis (AA) of the holding device (10) on the flexible holding ring (60) at the holding section (30) of the upper part (22) of the holding device (10); and e) jointly evacuating the inner vacuum chamber (40) and the outer vacuum chamber (38) in order to simultaneously fix the upper part (22) and the lower part (20) of the holding device (10) to each other in their relative rotational setting about the rotation axis (DA) and to fix the optical workpiece (12) to the holding section (30) of the holding device (10).

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that Step c) of ensuring the desired relative inclination of the holding section (30) with respect to the base (24) comprises a relative rotation of the upper part (22) and the lower part (20) of the holding device (10) about the rotation axis (DA); and / or Step d) of placing the optical workpiece (12) aligned with respect to the holding axis (AA) of the holding device (10) comprises centering the optical workpiece (12) with respect to the holding axis (AA) of the holding device (10) and / or orienting the optical workpiece (12) at a rotation angle about the holding axis (AA) of the holding device (10); and / or At least step e) is carried out in an evacuable container (BH), in which the holding device (10) and the optical workpiece (12) are inserted; and / or If step e) is carried out in an evacuable container (BH), step f) is then carried out of removing the holding device (10) and the optical workpiece (12) held thereon from the evacuable container (BH), wherein the evacuable container (BH) is initially ventilated while the optical workpiece (12) is pressed against the flexible holding ring (60) substantially along the holding axis (AA).

Images