A molten salt rapid cooling system and method
By designing a molten salt rapid cooling system that includes mixed cold and hot air and water heat exchange, the problems of complex structure and low heat transfer efficiency of existing devices are solved, efficient and stable molten salt cooling and energy utilization are achieved, and production costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411370320.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-09-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing molten salt cooling devices have complex structures, low heat transfer efficiency, poor stability, and the cooling effect is affected by external factors in extreme environments, resulting in high economic costs.
A molten salt rapid cooling system is adopted, which includes a hot salt tank, a molten salt pump, a cooler, a cold salt tank, a mixer, a fan, a water tank, a water pump, a heat exchanger and a control system. By mixing hot and cold air with water for heat exchange, and using fins and an air temperature meter to adjust the air flow and temperature, efficient molten salt cooling is achieved.
It achieves rapid and stable cooling of molten salt, improves heat transfer efficiency, saves energy, reduces production costs, and can quickly cool down in the event of maintenance or failure, reducing the risk of molten salt solidification.
Smart Images
Figure CN119123866B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of molten salt cooling, and in particular to a molten salt rapid cooling system and method. Background Art
[0002] Molten salt refers to a molten liquid salt, often referring primarily to a melt of inorganic salts. Most molten salts in their solid state are ionic crystals that form ionic melts upon melting at high temperatures. The most common molten salts are composed of alkali or alkaline earth metals with halides, silicates, carbonates, nitrates, and phosphates. Molten salts have many advantages, including high operating temperatures, high heat transfer capability up to approximately 565°C, and environmentally friendly behavior at high temperatures and atmospheric pressures without reacting with pipes or other materials. They also possess high specific heat capacity, high heat transfer capacity, low viscosity, ease of handling, low cost, and safety. When a molten salt storage tank leaks due to design flaws or material compatibility issues, forcing overhaul, thousands of tons of high-temperature liquid molten salt urgently need to be cooled and properly disposed of. Therefore, addressing the cooling and storage challenges of high-temperature molten salt in the event of an accident is of great importance. Currently, conventional salt cooling systems utilize plate-type air coolers, which cool the salt through the intersection of a natural air circulation system and a molten salt circulation system. However, these systems are not adaptable to extreme temperatures and high humidity, which can affect cooling efficiency. The device has a complex structure and high cost. For the natural air circulation system, it will be disturbed by external factors such as air quality and wind speed, affecting the stability of cooling.
[0003] In summary, the waste heat of molten salt is not fully utilized at present, which results in a waste of resources, a complex and heavy device structure, low heat transfer efficiency, poor system stability and high economic cost. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a molten salt rapid cooling system and method.
[0005] The specific technical solutions are as follows:
[0006] A molten salt rapid cooling system comprises: a hot salt tank, a molten salt pump, a cooler, a cold salt tank, a mixer, a fan, a water tank, a water pump, a heat exchanger, and a hot water storage device; the hot salt tank is connected to the molten salt inlet of the cooler via the molten salt pump, and the molten salt outlet of the cooler is connected to the cold salt tank, and valves are respectively provided at the molten salt inlet and the molten salt outlet;
[0007] Hot air outlets are symmetrically provided at the lower end of the outer periphery of the cooler, and valves are provided at the hot air outlets; each hot air outlet is respectively connected to the hot air inlet of the mixer and the air inlet of the heat exchanger; the air outlet of the fan is connected to the cold air inlet of the mixer, and the mixer is used to mix cold air and hot air, and its warm air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the cooler; the water tank is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger through a water pump, and the water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the hot water storage device; the heat exchanger is provided with an air outlet;
[0008] The cooler comprises: an outer shell, an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a connecting column, a guide body, fins, a molten salt coil, a blower, and an air temperature meter; the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam are respectively fixedly connected horizontally to the top and bottom ends of the inner shell, and the two ends of the connecting column are respectively fixedly connected to the centers of the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam; the guide body is coaxially mounted on the connecting column and can rotate around the axis; a plurality of fins are circumferentially and rotatably arranged on the outer circumference of the guide body; a fixed blower is coaxially arranged below the guide body, the inlet of the blower is connected to the air inlet of the cooler, and the outlet is provided with a ventilation slot, and the ventilation slot is provided with rotatable blades for controlling the ventilation volume;
[0009] The molten salt coil is arranged around the outer periphery of the guide body, one end of which passes through the outer shell as a molten salt inlet, and the other end passes through the outer shell as a molten salt outlet; an upward wind channel is formed between the molten salt coil and the guide body, and a downward wind channel is formed between the molten salt coil and the outer shell; the wind temperature meter is arranged in the outer shell to measure the air temperature.
[0010] Furthermore, the fins are rotatably arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the guide body, specifically: the fixed end of the rotating column is fixedly connected to the guide body, the rotating end is fixedly connected to the side wall center of the fin, and the rotation angle of the rotating end can be manually adjusted and fixed.
[0011] Furthermore, the rotation angle of the fins can be adjusted within a range of 0-90°.
[0012] Furthermore, the shape of the fin is selected from any one of a rectangle, a triangle, and a fan.
[0013] Furthermore, there are multiple groups of fins, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower outer peripheral surfaces of the three-section spindle of the guide body, and each group has multiple fins, which are evenly arranged along the circumference.
[0014] Furthermore, the guide body is in a three-section spindle shape, the spindle section at the upper end has a larger radius, and the spindle section at the lower end has a smaller radius.
[0015] Furthermore, a through hole is coaxially opened in the center of the blower shell for the connecting column to pass through, and the shell is fixedly mounted on the connecting column; there are multiple ventilation slots, which extend radially from the axis to the periphery, and the extension length is less than the shell radius.
[0016] Furthermore, a control system is included, and the wind temperature meter is also arranged inside the mixer. The control system controls the opening of the valve at the hot air outlet and the fan power according to the data fed back by the wind temperature meter.
[0017] A molten salt rapid cooling method is implemented based on the molten salt rapid cooling system. High-temperature molten salt is pumped out of a hot salt tank by a molten salt pump and flows into a molten salt coil through a molten salt inlet. A fan sends cold air into a mixer. The mixed air enters the air inlet of a cooler from a warm air outlet, passes through ventilation slots, enters an upward channel, flows upward along a guide body and fins, enters a downward channel after reaching the top, and flows downward along the inner wall of a shell. During the upward and downward flow, the air contacts and exchanges heat with the molten salt coil, gradually increasing in temperature, and finally flows out from the hot air outlet. The heat of the high-temperature molten salt in the molten salt coil is removed, and after flowing out from the molten salt outlet, it is transported to a cold salt tank for storage for subsequent industrial processing.
[0018] The hot air flowing out of the hot air outlet is divided into two paths. One path is fed into the mixer to mix with the cold air to obtain warm air, and then enters the air inlet of the cooler from the warm air outlet to participate in the molten salt heat exchange, and the cycle repeats; the other path is fed into the heat exchanger to participate in the water heat exchange;
[0019] Water heat exchange is specifically as follows: cold water is pumped out of the water tank by a water pump and flows into the heat exchanger through the water inlet; hot air is input into the heat exchanger through the air inlet, exchanges heat with the cold water, and is discharged into the air from the air outlet after the temperature drops; the cold water increases in temperature after heat exchange, flows out of the water outlet of the heat exchanger, and is transported to the hot water storage device for storage for users and / or factories.
[0020] Furthermore, the flow rate of the molten salt flowing in the molten salt coil is in the range of 0.5-1.5 kg / s, and the wind speed of the cold air output by the fan is in the range of 4-16 m / s.
[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0022] (1) The molten salt rapid cooling system of the present invention has a simple and compact structure, high heat transfer efficiency, good heat exchange effect, and high molten salt cooling efficiency, which helps to improve production efficiency.
[0023] (2) The present invention controls the high-temperature molten salt to be stably cooled to the required temperature range by controlling the air flow and temperature entering the cooler, that is, avoiding excessive cooling that causes the molten salt to solidify, and always keeping it in a molten state, which is beneficial to saving the heat required for the molten salt to solidify and then melt; at the same time, it is beneficial to save energy and store and utilize the heat released during cooling.
[0024] (3) The system of the present invention can adjust the fan power and the angle of the rotatable blades according to the changes in the external ambient temperature, so that the high-temperature molten salt can be stably cooled to the required temperature range. At the same time, it reduces the fan power consumption when using a constant fan power and also reduces the total heat dissipation loss of the system, which is beneficial to the economy of the system and reduces production costs.
[0025] (4) When the molten salt storage tank equipment is under maintenance or sudden failure, the system of the present invention can conveniently discharge all the molten salt in the hot salt tank and quickly cool it down. The process is simple and easy, and the molten salt is easy to recover, which reduces the complex and heavy work of conventional molten salt discharge and recovery.
[0026] (5) The method of the present invention utilizes waste heat for heat exchange, realizes energy cascade utilization, avoids direct heat exchange between high-temperature molten salt and cooling medium, quickly takes away the heat of molten salt through the fluidity of wind, reduces the heat accumulation of molten salt, and makes the heat transfer of molten salt uniform. The fin angle and type are automatically adjusted according to the required molten salt temperature to make the wind more popular and transferable, which is beneficial to the stability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the molten salt rapid cooling system in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cooler in the embodiment of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lava coil and the guide body in the cooler according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner flow guide of the cooler in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation of rectangular replaceable fins and flow guide bodies in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the blower in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the installation of triangular replaceable fins and flow guide body in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the installation of fan-shaped replaceable fins and flow guide body in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the change in the output molten salt temperature in Example 1 of the present invention as the high-temperature molten salt is introduced for a certain time and cooled to a specified temperature at different positions of the molten salt coil.
[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the change in the output molten salt temperature in Example 2 of the present invention as the high-temperature molten salt is introduced for a certain time and cooled to a specified temperature at different positions of the molten salt coil.
[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the change in the output molten salt temperature in Example 3 of the present invention as the high-temperature molten salt is introduced for a certain time and cooled to a specified temperature at different positions of the molten salt coil.
[0038] In the figure, hot salt tank 1, cooler 2, second valve 3, cold salt tank 4, molten salt pump 5, first valve 6, third valve 7, second branch 8, first branch 9, mixer 10, fifth valve 11, fourth branch 12, third branch 13, fourth valve 14, water tank 15, water pump 16, heat exchanger 17, hot water storage device 18, fan 19, control system 20;
[0039] Casing 201, upper crossbeam 202, connecting column 203, molten salt outlet 204, wind temperature meter 205, molten salt coil 206, flow guide 207, rectangular replaceable fins 208; blower 209, ventilation slots 2091, rotatable blades 2092; second hot air outlet 210, lower crossbeam 211, molten salt inlet 212, first hot air outlet 213, rotating column 214, triangular replaceable fins 215, fan-shaped replaceable fins 216. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] The present invention will be described in detail below based on the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. The purpose and effects of the present invention will become more apparent. The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a molten salt rapid cooling system includes: a molten salt cooling module, a cold and hot air mixing module, and a heat exchange module.
[0042] The molten salt cooling module includes a hot salt tank 1, a molten salt pump 5, a cooler 2, and a cold salt tank 4. The outlet of the hot salt tank 1 is connected to the inlet of the molten salt pump 5 via a pipeline, which in turn is connected to the molten salt inlet 212 of the cooler 2 via a pipeline. A first valve 6 is provided on this pipeline to control the flow rate. The molten salt outlet 204 of the cooler 2 is connected to the inlet of the cold salt tank 4 via a pipeline. A second valve 3 is provided on this pipeline to control the flow rate.
[0043] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, the cooler 2 includes: a housing 201, an upper crossbeam 202, a connecting column 203, a wind temperature meter 205, a molten salt coil 206, a flow guide 207, rectangular replaceable fins 208, a blower 209, and a lower crossbeam 211. The upper crossbeam 202 is horizontally fixed to the top of the cavity inside the housing 201, the lower crossbeam 211 is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the cavity inside the housing 201, and the connecting column 203 is vertically fixed between the upper crossbeam 202 and the lower crossbeam 211, with the upper end fixed to the center of the upper crossbeam 202 and the lower end fixed to the center of the lower crossbeam 211. The diverter 207 is mounted on the connecting column 203 and can rotate around the connecting column 203. The diverter 207 has a three-section spindle shape, with the spindle section at the upper end having a larger radius and the spindle section at the lower end having a smaller radius. This structural arrangement can better guide the flow, making the wind direction more rapid and the wind speed higher, which facilitates heat exchange between the air and the molten salt tube 206. The molten salt coil 206 is arranged around the periphery of the diverter 207, with one end passing through the outer shell 201 as the molten salt inlet 212 and the other end passing through the outer shell 201 as the molten salt outlet 204. An upward channel is formed between the molten salt coil 206 and the diverter 207, and a downward channel is formed between the molten salt coil 206 and the outer shell 201. Two through holes are symmetrically provided at the lower end of the outer shell 201, connected to pipelines, respectively serving as the first hot air outlet 213 and the second hot air outlet 210. The wind temperature meters 208 are installed at intervals along the axial direction of the body guide 207 on the inner wall of the housing 201 , as well as at the first hot air outlet 213 and the second hot air outlet 210 , for measuring the air temperature at different positions.
[0044] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, there are multiple groups of rectangular replaceable fins 208, arranged on the upper and lower outer circumferential surfaces of the three spindle sections of the guide body 207. Each group has multiple fins, evenly arranged along the circumference. Specifically, the rectangular replaceable fins 208 are rotatably mounted on the guide body 207. The fixed end of the rotating column 214 is fixedly connected to the guide body 207, and the rotating end is fixedly connected to the center of the side wall of the rectangular replaceable fin 208. The rotation angle of the rotating end is adjustable and can be fixed, thereby achieving manual adjustment of the angle of the rectangular replaceable fin 208. The rectangular replaceable fin 208 is used to guide the wind, causing it to rotate. After the wind contacts the surface of the replaceable fin 208, it will flow along the tangent direction of the rectangular replaceable fin 208, changing the original straight flow path of the wind, thereby achieving the diversion effect. Since the rectangular replaceable fins 208 are rotatable structures, the angle of the rectangular replaceable fins 208 can be adjusted according to actual needs, thereby dynamically changing the direction of wind flow to adapt to different cooling needs and wind direction changes. The adjustable angle range is 0-90°.
[0045] like Figure 6 、 Figure 7As shown, the rectangular replaceable fins 208 can be replaced with different types of fins such as triangular replaceable fins 215 or fan-shaped replaceable fins 216. The rectangular replaceable fins 208 have a relatively large heat transfer area and are suitable for occasions requiring a larger heat transfer area. They have a simple structure and are relatively strong and stable. However, due to the relatively smooth flow of the fluid, the heat transfer efficiency may be relatively low. The triangular replaceable fins 215 can improve the heat transfer efficiency by destroying the boundary layer. However, due to the increased resistance, more energy may be required to drive the fluid flow, and due to the sharp edges, stress concentration is easily generated when subjected to external forces, and the strength and stability may be relatively low. The fan-shaped replaceable fins 216 have good fluid flow characteristics, which helps to improve the heat transfer efficiency. At the same time, the fan-shaped shape can also increase the heat transfer area and improve the heat transfer performance. The curved edges can disperse stress and improve strength and stability. In summary, if you need to increase the heat dissipation area and improve the cooling effect, choose rectangular replaceable fins 208; if you need to promote warm air mixing and heat transfer for long-term operation, choose triangular replaceable fins 215; and if you need better heat transfer performance and stable air volume, choose fan-shaped replaceable fins 216. The specific selection depends on actual needs.
[0046] A blower 209 is coaxially arranged below the guide body 207. Figure 8 As shown, the blower 209 includes a shell, ventilation slots 2091 and rotatable blades 2092. The shell is a cylinder with a through hole coaxially provided at the center for the connecting column 203 to pass through, and the shell is fixedly mounted on the connecting column 203; a through hole is provided at the bottom of the shell for air intake, which is the air inlet of the cooler 2. A plurality of ventilation slots 2091 are also uniformly provided circumferentially at the center of the upper surface of the shell to communicate with the air inlet. Each ventilation slot 2091 extends radially from the axis to the outer periphery for a certain length, and the extension length is less than the radius of the shell. A rotatable blade 2092 is arranged in each ventilation slot 2091. The blade angle can be manually adjusted according to changes in the external ambient temperature, thereby changing its position in the rotating slot 2091 to control the air intake flow rate. Specifically, when the outside temperature decreases, the air flow rate entering the cooler 2 needs to be reduced, and the rotatable blades 2092 need to be adjusted accordingly so that the angle between them and the ventilation slots 2091 becomes smaller; when the outside temperature increases, the air flow rate entering the cooler 2 needs to be increased, and the rotatable blades 2092 need to be adjusted accordingly so that the angle between them and the ventilation slots 2091 becomes larger.
[0047] The hot and cold air mixing module includes a mixer 10 and a fan 19. The main pipeline of the first branch pipe is connected to the first hot air outlet 213 of the cooler 2, and a third valve 7 is provided on the main pipeline for adjusting the flow rate; the first branch 9 is connected to the first hot air inlet of the mixer 10, and the second branch 8 is connected to the air inlet 1 of the heat exchanger 17 of the heat exchange module. The main pipeline of the second branch pipe is connected to the second hot air outlet 210 of the cooler 2, and a fourth valve 14 is provided on the main pipeline for adjusting the flow rate; the fourth branch 12 is connected to the second hot air inlet of the mixer 10, and the third branch 13 is connected to the air inlet 2 of the heat exchanger 17. The air outlet of the fan 19 is connected to the cold air inlet of the mixer 10 through a pipeline; a warm air outlet is opened above the mixer 10, and the warm air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the blower 209 through a pipeline, and a fifth valve 11 is provided on the pipeline for adjusting the flow rate. The cold air output by the fan 19 and the hot air output by the cooler 2 are mixed in the mixer 10 and then output to the blower 209 through the warm air outlet of the mixer 10. The hot and cold air mixing module is an equipment component for regulating the air temperature, which has the advantages of precise temperature regulation, energy saving and high efficiency, and strong adaptability. The module achieves the required temperature output by mixing the cold air and the hot air in a certain proportion. The module is also equipped with a wind temperature meter 205 and a control system 20 to accurately monitor and adjust the mixing ratio to ensure that the output air temperature is stable within the set value range; the wind temperature meter 205 is arranged inside the mixer 10, and the control system 20 controls the opening of the third valve 7, the fourth valve 14, and the power of the fan 19 according to the data fed back by the wind temperature meter 205. Specifically, when the outside temperature drops, the air flow rate entering the cooler 2 needs to be reduced, and the power of the fan 19 needs to be reduced accordingly; when the outside temperature rises, the air flow rate entering the cooler 2 needs to be increased, and the power of the fan 19 needs to be increased accordingly; this design reduces the fan power consumption when using a constant fan power and reduces the total heat dissipation loss of the system.
[0048] The heat exchange module includes a water tank 15, a water pump 16, a heat exchanger 17, and a hot water storage device 18. The outlet of the water tank 15 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 16 via a pipeline, which in turn is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger 17 via a pipeline. The outlet of the heat exchanger 17 is connected to the hot water storage device 18 for supplying hot water to users and / or factories. The two air inlets of the heat exchanger 17 are connected to the two hot air outlets of the cooler 2, respectively. After heat exchange, the hot air is output from the outlet of the heat exchanger 17. This heat exchange module reduces energy waste from hot air and improves resource utilization.
[0049] Based on the above molten salt rapid cooling system, a molten salt rapid cooling method is proposed, which is specifically described through the following examples.
[0050] Example 1
[0051] A molten salt rapid cooling method, as follows:
[0052] The high-temperature molten salt in hot salt tank 1 has a temperature of 580°C. It flows from the outlet of hot salt tank 1, passes through molten salt pump 5 along the pipeline, and flows from molten salt inlet 212 of cooler 2 into molten salt coil 206 for heat exchange. The flow rate of the high-temperature molten salt is controlled by molten salt pump 5 and first valve 6 to 1.5 kg / s. Molten salt coil 206 is 310 m long. After heat exchange, the low-temperature molten salt flows from molten salt outlet 204 of cooler 2 at a temperature of 200°C. It then flows along the pipeline into cold salt tank 4 for storage and subsequent industrial processing.
[0053] Fan 19 delivers cold air along the pipeline into mixer 10 at a temperature of 30°C and a wind speed of 4m / s. Warm air, a mixture of cold and hot air, flows out of the warm air outlet of mixer 10 at a temperature of 110°C. The warm air then flows along the pipeline through fifth valve 11 into cooler 2 for heat exchange. Specifically, the warm air passes through the air inlet of blower 209, through ventilation slots 2091, and into the upward channel. As the warm air flows upward along guide body 207, it undergoes a preliminary heat exchange with molten salt coil 206. After reaching the top of outer shell 201, the air enters the downward channel through the gap between molten salt coil 206 and outer shell 201. As it descends along the inner wall of outer shell 201, it undergoes a secondary heat exchange with molten salt coil 206, ultimately flowing out through two hot air outlets. During the ascending and descending process, the warm air contacts and exchanges heat with the molten salt coil 206, gradually increasing in temperature. The hot air flowing out of the two hot air outlets (i.e., the first hot air outlet 213 and the second hot air outlet 210) has a temperature of 180°C and a wind speed of 8m / s. This indicates that the guide body 207 and the replaceable fins 208 in the molten salt rapid cooling system have played a role, changing the wind direction and increasing the wind speed. The hot air flowing out of the hot air outlet is divided into two paths. One path is fed into the mixer 10 to mix with the cold air to obtain warm air, which is then sent to the cooler 2 to participate in the molten salt heat exchange, and this cycle repeats. The other path is fed into the heat exchanger 17 to participate in the water heat exchange.
[0054] Cold water flows out from the outlet of the water tank 15, and the cold water temperature is 25°C. It flows along the pipeline through the water pump 16 and flows into the heat exchanger 17 from the water inlet for heat exchange. After the heat exchange, the water temperature rises and the hot water temperature is 60°C. The hot water flows out from the water outlet of the heat exchanger 17 and flows along the pipeline into the hot water storage device 18 for use by users and factories. The air after the heat exchange is discharged into the atmosphere from the air outlet of the heat exchanger 17 through the pipeline.
[0055] like Figure 9As shown in the figure, under the parameters of this embodiment, namely, a high-temperature molten salt temperature of 580°C, a molten salt flow rate of 1.5 kg / s, and a warm air temperature of 110°C at the lower air inlet, as the time the high-temperature molten salt is passed into the molten salt coil 206 increases, the position of the molten salt in the molten salt coil 206 when it cools to the specified temperature is recorded. As can be seen from the figure, 13 seconds after the high-temperature molten salt is passed into the molten salt coil 206, the molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at a distance of 100 meters from the molten salt inlet 212; 27 seconds after the molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at a distance of 160 meters; 40 seconds after the molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at a distance of 220 meters; and 53 seconds after the molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at a distance of 300 meters. This proves that the present invention can achieve rapid cooling of molten salt in a short period of time.
[0056] Example 2
[0057] The temperature of the high-temperature molten salt was set to 580°C, the molten salt flow rate was 1.0 kg / s, the length of the molten salt coil 206 was 310 m, and the temperature of the low-temperature molten salt was set to 195°C. The cold air output by the fan 19 was set to a temperature of 30°C and a wind speed of 6 m / s. After mixing with the hot air in the mixer 10, the output warm air had a temperature of 120°C. The hot air at the two hot air outlets of the cooler 2 was set to a temperature of 200°C and a wind speed of 12 m / s. The cold water flowing into the heat exchanger 17 was set to a temperature of 25°C, and the hot water output was set to a temperature of 70°C. The process flow was the same as that of Example 1.
[0058] like Figure 10 As shown, under the parameters of this embodiment, as the time for which high-temperature molten salt is passed through molten salt coil 206 increases, the position of the molten salt within molten salt coil 206 when it cools to a specified temperature is recorded. As can be seen from the figure, 20 seconds after the high-temperature molten salt is passed through molten salt coil 206, the molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at a distance of 100 meters from molten salt inlet 212; 40 seconds after the high-temperature molten salt is passed through molten salt coil 206, the molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at a distance of 160 meters; 60 seconds after the high-temperature molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at a distance of 230 meters; and 80 seconds after the high-temperature molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at a distance of 260 meters. This demonstrates that the present invention can achieve rapid cooling of molten salt in a short period of time, and the cooling effect is better than that of Example 1.
[0059] Example 3
[0060] The temperature of the high-temperature molten salt is set to 580°C, the molten salt flow rate is 0.5 kg / s, the length of the molten salt coil 206 is 310 m, and the temperature of the low-temperature molten salt is 190°C. The cold air output by the fan 19 is at a temperature of 30°C and a wind speed of 8 m / s. After mixing with the hot air in the mixer 10, the output warm air temperature is 110°C. The hot air temperature at the two hot air outlets of the cooler 2 is 220°C and the wind speed is 16 m / s. The cold water temperature flowing into the heat exchanger 17 is 25°C, and the hot water temperature output is 80°C. The process flow is the same as that of Example 1.
[0061] like Figure 11 As shown, under the parameters of this embodiment, as the time that high-temperature molten salt is passed through molten salt coil 206 increases, the position of the molten salt in molten salt coil 206 when it cools to a specified temperature is recorded. As can be seen from the figure, 40 seconds after the high-temperature molten salt is passed through molten salt coil 206, the molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at 90 meters from molten salt inlet 212; after 80 seconds, the molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at 150 meters; after 120 seconds, the molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at 200 meters; and after 160 seconds, the molten salt temperature drops to 200°C at 2500 meters. This demonstrates that the present invention can achieve rapid cooling of molten salt in a short period of time, and the cooling effect is better than that of Examples 1 and 2.
[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art will still be able to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing examples or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims
1. A molten salt rapid cooling system, characterized in that: include: Hot salt tank, molten salt pump, cooler, cold salt tank, mixer, fan, water tank, water pump, heat exchanger, hot water storage device; the hot salt tank is connected to the molten salt inlet of the cooler through the molten salt pump, the molten salt outlet of the cooler is connected to the cold salt tank, and valves are respectively provided at the molten salt inlet and molten salt outlet; Hot air outlets are symmetrically provided at the lower end of the outer periphery of the cooler, and valves are provided at the hot air outlets; each hot air outlet is respectively connected to the hot air inlet of the mixer and the air inlet of the heat exchanger; the air outlet of the fan is connected to the cold air inlet of the mixer, and the mixer is used to mix cold air and hot air, and its warm air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the cooler; the water tank is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger through a water pump, and the water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the hot water storage device; the heat exchanger is provided with an air outlet; The cooler comprises: an outer shell, an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a connecting column, a guide body, fins, a molten salt coil, a blower, and an air temperature meter; the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam are respectively fixedly connected horizontally to the top and bottom ends of the inner shell, and the two ends of the connecting column are respectively fixedly connected to the centers of the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam; the guide body is coaxially mounted on the connecting column and can rotate around the axis; a plurality of fins are circumferentially and rotatably arranged on the outer circumference of the guide body; a fixed blower is coaxially arranged below the guide body, the inlet of the blower is connected to the air inlet of the cooler, and the outlet is provided with a ventilation slot, and the ventilation slot is provided with rotatable blades for controlling the ventilation volume; The molten salt coil is arranged around the outer periphery of the guide body, with one end thereof passing through the outer shell as a molten salt inlet and the other end passing through the outer shell as a molten salt outlet; an upward wind channel is formed between the molten salt coil and the guide body, and a downward wind channel is formed between the molten salt coil and the outer shell; the wind temperature meter is arranged in the outer shell to measure the air temperature; The fins are rotatably arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the guide body, specifically: the fixed end of the rotating column is fixedly connected to the guide body, the rotating end is fixedly connected to the center of the side wall of the fin, and the rotation angle of the rotating end can be manually adjusted and fixed; The blower comprises a housing, ventilation slots and rotatable blades; the housing is a cylinder having a through hole coaxially provided at its center for a connecting post to pass through, and the housing is fixedly mounted on the connecting post; a through hole is provided at the bottom of the housing for air intake, which serves as the air inlet of the cooler; a plurality of ventilation slots are also uniformly provided circumferentially at the center of the upper surface of the housing, communicating with the air inlet, each ventilation slot extending radially from the axis to the outer periphery for a certain length, the extension length being less than the radius of the housing; a rotatable blade is arranged in each ventilation slot, and the air intake flow rate is controlled by adjusting the blade angle to change its position in the rotating slot; The main pipeline of the first branch pipe is connected to the first hot air outlet of the cooler and is provided with a valve; the first branch is connected to the first hot air inlet of the mixer, and the second branch is connected to the air inlet 1 of the heat exchanger of the heat exchange module; the main pipeline of the second branch pipe is connected to the second hot air outlet of the cooler and is provided with a valve; the fourth branch is connected to the second hot air inlet of the mixer, and the third branch is connected to the air inlet 2 of the heat exchanger; the air outlet of the fan is connected to the cold air inlet of the mixer through a pipeline; a warm air outlet is opened above the mixer, and the warm air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the blower through a pipeline, and a valve is provided.
2. The molten salt rapid cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation angle of the fin is adjusted in the range of 0-90°.
3. The molten salt rapid cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the fin is selected from any one of a rectangle, a triangle and a fan.
4. The molten salt rapid cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple groups of fins, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower outer peripheral surfaces of the three-section spindle of the guide body, and each group has multiple fins, which are evenly arranged along the circumference.
5. The molten salt rapid cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide body is in a three-section spindle shape, the spindle section at the upper end has a large radius, and the spindle section at the lower end has a small radius.
6. The molten salt rapid cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of the blower shell is coaxially provided with a through hole for the connecting column to pass through, and the shell is fixedly mounted on the connecting column; there are multiple ventilation slots, which extend radially from the axis to the periphery, and the extension length is less than the radius of the shell.
7. The molten salt rapid cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control system, and the wind temperature meter is also arranged inside the mixer. The control system controls the opening of the valve at the hot air outlet and the fan power according to the data fed back by the wind temperature meter.
8. A molten salt rapid cooling method, implemented based on the molten salt rapid cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The high-temperature molten salt is pumped out of the hot salt tank by the molten salt pump and flows into the molten salt coil through the molten salt inlet. The fan sends cold air into the mixer. The mixed air enters the air inlet of the cooler from the warm air outlet, passes through the ventilation slots into the upward channel, flows upward along the guide body and fins, reaches the top, enters the downward channel, and flows downward along the inner wall of the shell. During the upward and downward flow, the air contacts and exchanges heat with the molten salt coil, and the temperature gradually increases, and finally flows out from the hot air outlet. The heat of the high-temperature molten salt in the molten salt coil is removed, and after flowing out of the molten salt outlet, it is transported to the cold salt tank for storage for subsequent industrial processing. The hot air flowing out of the hot air outlet is divided into two paths. One path is fed into the mixer to mix with the cold air to obtain warm air, and then enters the air inlet of the cooler from the warm air outlet to participate in the molten salt heat exchange, and the cycle repeats; the other path is fed into the heat exchanger to participate in the water heat exchange; Water heat exchange is specifically as follows: cold water is pumped out of the water tank by a water pump and flows into the heat exchanger through the water inlet; hot air is input into the heat exchanger through the air inlet, exchanges heat with the cold water, and is discharged into the air from the air outlet after the temperature drops; the cold water increases in temperature after heat exchange, flows out of the water outlet of the heat exchanger, and is transported to the hot water storage device for storage for users and / or factories.
9. The method for rapid cooling of molten salt according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flow rate of the molten salt flowing in the molten salt coil is in the range of 0.5-1.5 kg / s, and the wind speed of the cold air output by the fan is in the range of 4-16 m / s.