PUF (Physical Unclonable Function) generating device and generating method based on magneto-resistor or magneto-current sensor

Abstract

The invention discloses a PUF (Physical Unclonable Function) generation device and a PUF generation method based on a magnetoresistor or a magnetosensitive current sensor. The signal acquisition and processing module acquires a voltage output signal of each magneto-sensitive current sensor and calculates a voltage effective value and a zero offset value; the signal acquisition and processing module uses the calculated effective value output by each magneto-sensitive current sensor to obtain the current value of the conductor to be measured; and the PUF processing module correspondingly generates a digital code of 1 or 0 according to the zero offset value of each magneto-dependent current sensor, and takes the obtained n 1 or 0 digital code sequences as a generated physical unclonable function PUF for digital identity authentication. According to the method, the PUF sequence is generated by adopting the own characteristics of the TMR, the characteristics of good confidentiality, simple scheme, high practicability and the like are achieved by utilizing the randomness of the process, an additional PUF chip does not need to be added, and the additional cost is not increased. With the increase of the TMR number, the higher the measurement accuracy is, the higher the safety is.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of information security technology, and in particular relates to a PUF generation device and a generation method based on a magnetoresistor or a magnetoresistive current sensor. Background Art

[0002] As my country's energy industry transforms towards clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient, power grids and new energy vehicles have an urgent need for highly sensitive and highly reliable sensors. Facing the digital transformation of power grids and the wide-area, distributed and panoramic information perception of "source, grid, load and storage", in order to enhance the observability, measurability and controllability of power systems, miniaturized, highly sensitive and low-power magnetic sensors are needed to provide high-precision perception and measurement capabilities of AC and DC magnetic fields and current signals under complex working conditions, providing important guarantees for the safe operation and reliable power supply of power grid equipment. At present, the main methods of current measurement include current transformers, shunt resistors, fiber optic current transformers, zero flux current transformers and current sensors based on magnetic sensitive chips. Tunneling magnetoresistive devices (TMR) are the latest generation of magnetic field measurement technology based on the magnetoresistive effect. Compared with traditional Hall devices, anisotropic magnetoresistive devices and giant magnetoresistive devices, they have higher sensitivity and have broad application prospects in the field of current measurement in power systems.

[0003] During the manufacturing process of silicon-based chips, fluctuations in semiconductor manufacturing processes bring about process changes, which will result in different inherent properties such as path delays and transistor threshold voltages, resulting in each physical chip being unique after tape-out. These changes, including path delays, are randomly distributed between different chips, but are deterministic and reusable for a given chip. PUF uses this inherent difference that naturally occurs during the semiconductor manufacturing process and cannot be cloned to generate a unique identification for each chip, which serves as the chip's unique identity, namely a "digital fingerprint." This is the principle of the Physical Unclonable Function (PUF). PUF technology provides digital fingerprints for physical chips and is an important solution for achieving hardware security on resource-constrained electronic devices, with the advantages of being lightweight and unique.

[0004] CN202310875709.5 discloses a TMR magnetometer with anti-attack capability, including a TMR magnetometer main structure, a control circuit, a column decoder circuit, a row decoder circuit, a multiplexer and a dynamic comparator. The TMR magnetometer main structure includes n*n TMR sensors. When realizing the TMR magnetometer function, it also forms a PUF circuit with the control circuit, the column decoder circuit, the row decoder circuit, the multiplexer and the dynamic comparator. The PUF circuit generates a PUF response signal based on the random deviation of the TMR sensor manufacturing process. The generated PUF response signal makes it more difficult for attackers to locate the specific position of the TMR sensor, and even difficult to know the existence of the TMR sensor deviation, so that the TMR magnetometer has the ability to defend against mode attacks. This patent generates a physical unclonable function by comparing different TMRs. The physical unclonable function generation method will cause large deviations due to uncontrollable factors such as voltage drop, and the physical unclonable function implementation scheme of the patent is complex, so it is not practical. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the implementation scheme of the physical unclonable function in the prior art is complex and has deviations, resulting in poor practicality, the present invention provides a PUF generation device and generation method based on a magnetoresistor or a magnetoresistive current sensor.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] On one hand, the present invention discloses a PUF generation device based on magnetoresistor;

[0008] The PUF generating device comprises a bridge structure sequence consisting of n Wheatstone bridges and a PUF processing module;

[0009] The Wheatstone bridge is composed of a magnetoresistor TMR, and each Wheatstone bridge includes two voltage output terminals, V+ and V-;

[0010] The PUF processing module generates a physical unclonable function PUF based on a sequence composed of the difference values ​​of each Wheatstone bridge output voltage signal.

[0011] More preferably,

[0012] Each Wheatstone bridge structure includes a bridge arm composed of four magnetoresistors, and two voltage output terminals V+ and V- are respectively led out between two corresponding bridge arms.

[0013] More preferably,

[0014] Due to the imbalance of the four magnetoresistive resistors, the V+ and V- voltage outputs of the Wheatstone bridge in zero magnetic field are not zero;

[0015] Due to the difference in the resistance of the magnetoresistor, the V+ and V- voltage output values ​​of the Wheatstone bridge in zero magnetic field are random.

[0016] More preferably,

[0017] The PUF processing module determines the digital codes of the corresponding different Wheatstone bridges according to the output voltage difference of each Wheatstone bridge in the bridge structure sequence under zero magnetic field compared with the reference voltage, and the n digital codes constitute the physical unclonable function PUF.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention discloses a PUF generation device based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array;

[0019] The PUF generating device comprises a TMR sensor array consisting of n magnetosensitive current sensors, n comparators and a PUF processing module;

[0020] The V+ and V- input terminals of each comparator are connected to the V+ and V- output terminals of each TMR sensor in the TMR sensor array;

[0021] The output ends of the n comparators are connected to the PUF processing module;

[0022] Under 0 magnetic field, the output voltage difference of different magnetic current sensors is random, and the output of the comparator connected to each TMR sensor is 1 or 0;

[0023] The PUF processing module uses the received digital coding sequence of n 1s or 0s corresponding to the TMR sensor array as the generated physical unclonable function PUF for digital identity authentication.

[0024] The present invention also discloses another PUF generation device based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array;

[0025] The PUF generating device comprises a TMR sensor array consisting of n magnetosensitive current sensors, a signal acquisition processing module and a PUF processing module;

[0026] The signal acquisition and processing module acquires the voltage output signal of each magnetic sensitive current sensor and calculates the voltage effective value and zero bias value;

[0027] The PUF processing module generates a digital code of 1 or 0 according to the zero bias value of each magnetic sensitive current sensor, and uses the obtained n digital code sequences of 1 or 0 as the generated physical unclonable function PUF for digital identity authentication.

[0028] More preferably,

[0029] The signal acquisition and processing module uses the calculated effective value of the output of each magnetic sensitive current sensor to obtain the current value of the conductor to be measured;

[0030] When the calculated zero bias value of the magnetic-sensitive current sensor is positive, the digital code corresponding to the magnetic-sensitive current sensor is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0.

[0031] The present application also claims protection for a PUF generation method based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array using the aforementioned PUF generation device, characterized in that:

[0032] The voltage output signals of n magnetic sensitive current sensors are collected respectively and the voltage effective value and zero bias value are calculated, and then the calculated effective value of each magnetic sensitive current sensor output is used to obtain the current value of the conductor to be measured;

[0033] When the calculated zero bias value of the magnetic sensitive current sensor is positive, the digital code corresponding to the magnetic sensitive current sensor is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0;

[0034] A digital code of 1 or 0 is generated according to the zero bias value of each magnetically sensitive current sensor, and the obtained n digital code sequences of 1 or 0 are used as the generated physical unclonable function PUF for digital identity authentication.

[0035] On the other hand, the present application discloses an electronic device, including a processor and a storage medium; the characteristics are:

[0036] The storage medium is used to store instructions;

[0037] The processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the PUF generation method based on the magneto-sensitive current sensor array.

[0038] The present application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the PUF generation method based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects.

[0040] The present invention uses the inherent characteristics of TMR to generate PUF sequences and utilizes the randomness of the process to achieve the characteristics of good confidentiality, simple solution, strong practicality, etc., and does not require the addition of additional PUF chips, and does not increase additional costs. The more TMRs there are, the higher the measurement accuracy and the higher the security. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a Wheatstone bridge circuit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is an array TMR sensor module;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a PUF generation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a PUF generation method according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in this application are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the spirit of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The purpose of the present invention is to ensure the confidentiality of data during network transmission, and at the same time to realize the identity authentication of sensor nodes. By utilizing the randomness and unpredictability of the offset voltage of the TMR itself, a series of unpredictable random number sequences are formed by comparing and calculating the differential outputs of multiple TMRs, thereby proposing a PUF generation device and generation method based on a magnetoresistor or a magnetoresistive current sensor.

[0047] The present application discloses a PUF generating device based on magnetoresistor, wherein the PUF generating device comprises a bridge structure sequence composed of n Wheatstone bridges and a PUF processing module.

[0048] A Wheatstone bridge is formed by magnetoresistors TMR, and each Wheatstone bridge includes two voltage output terminals, V+ and V-; each Wheatstone bridge structure includes a bridge arm composed of four magnetoresistors, and two voltage output terminals, V+ and V-, are respectively led out between the corresponding two bridge arms; due to the imbalance of the values ​​of the four magnetoresistors, the two voltage outputs V+ and V- of the Wheatstone bridge under zero magnetic field are not zero; due to the difference in the resistance values ​​of the magnetoresistors, the V+ and V- voltage output values ​​of the Wheatstone bridge under zero magnetic field are random.

[0049] The PUF processing module generates a physical unclonable function PUF based on a sequence composed of the difference values ​​of the output voltage signals of each Wheatstone bridge. Specifically, the PUF processing module determines the digital codes of the corresponding different Wheatstone bridges according to the output voltage difference of each Wheatstone bridge in the bridge structure sequence under zero magnetic field compared with the reference voltage, and n digital codes constitute the physical unclonable function PUF.

[0050] The present application also discloses a PUF generation device based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array, wherein the PUF generation device comprises a TMR sensor array composed of n magneto-sensitive current sensors, n comparators and a PUF processing module;

[0051] The V+ and V- input terminals of each comparator are connected to the V+ and V- output terminals of each TMR sensor in the TMR sensor array;

[0052] The output ends of the n comparators are connected to the PUF processing module;

[0053] Under 0 magnetic field, the output voltage difference of different magnetic current sensors is random, and the output of the comparator connected to each TMR sensor is 1 or 0;

[0054] The PUF processing module uses the received digital coding sequence of n 1s or 0s corresponding to the TMR sensor array as the generated physical unclonable function PUF for digital identity authentication.

[0055] The present application also discloses another PUF generation device based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array, wherein the PUF generation device comprises a TMR sensor array composed of n magneto-sensitive current sensors, a signal acquisition and processing module, and a PUF processing module.

[0056] The signal acquisition and processing module acquires the voltage output signal of each magnetic sensitive current sensor and calculates the voltage effective value and zero bias value; the signal acquisition and processing module uses the calculated effective value of each magnetic sensitive current sensor output to obtain the current value of the conductor to be measured;

[0057] When the calculated zero bias value of the magnetic-sensitive current sensor is positive, the digital code corresponding to the magnetic-sensitive current sensor is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0.

[0058] The PUF processing module generates a digital code of 1 or 0 according to the zero bias value of each magnetic sensitive current sensor, and uses the obtained n digital code sequences of 1 or 0 as the generated physical unclonable function PUF for digital identity authentication.

[0059] The technical solution of the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0060] Embodiment 1:

[0061] A PUF generating device based on magnetoresistor, the PUF generating device comprising a bridge structure sequence composed of n Wheatstone bridges and a PUF processing module.

[0062] The Wheatstone bridge is composed of a magnetoresistor TMR, and each Wheatstone bridge includes two voltage output terminals, V+ and V-;

[0063] like Figure 1, is a Wheatstone bridge structure composed of magnetoresistor TMR, and the output consists of a set of differential signals. Under zero magnetic field, if the four bridge arms are balanced, that is, the resistance is equal, then the output V+ and V- should be equal. However, the actual situation is different. Due to factors such as TMR process, the resistance values ​​of the bridge arms composed of four resistors are unbalanced, so the values ​​of V+ and V- are not the same. Due to the randomness of the process, the size of V+ and V- is also random. This feature can be used to generate PUF signals.

[0064] The PUF processing module determines the digital codes of the corresponding different Wheatstone bridges according to the output voltage difference of each Wheatstone bridge in the bridge structure sequence under zero magnetic field compared with the reference voltage, and the n digital codes constitute the physical unclonable function PUF.

[0065] Embodiment 2:

[0066] A PUF generation device based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the magnetic current sensor array circuit composed of conventional TMR current sensor elements, the TMR current sensor elements are evenly distributed around the wire to be measured, and have an anti-interference effect. The more TMR current sensor elements are used, the more accurate the measurement and the stronger the anti-interference ability. At the same time, the more TMR current sensor elements there are, the more bits of the generated PUF sequence, and the better the confidentiality.

[0067] See also Figure 3 , the PUF generation device includes a TMR sensor array composed of n magnetic sensitive current sensors, n comparators and a PUF processing module. The V+ and V- output by the TMR are connected to the V+ and V- of the comparator. Because the V+ and V- of the TMR are different in magnitude under zero magnetic field, the comparator output is 1 or 0, so an n-bit 0 / 1 sequence can be generated. Then it is connected to the PUF processing module or MCU for identity authentication and confidentiality. This embodiment is suitable for PUF generation in zero magnetic field.

[0068] Embodiment 3:

[0069] A PUF generating device based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array.

[0070] See also Figure 4 , the PUF generating device comprises a TMR sensor array consisting of n magnetosensitive current sensors, a signal acquisition processing module and a PUF processing module;

[0071] First, the output voltages of n TMRs are collected by ADC, and then the collected signals are processed to calculate the effective value RMS and zero offset OFFSET, where the effective value is used to solve the current value of the conductor to be measured. Zero offset is used to generate PUF signals. When the zero offset is positive, it is regarded as 1, and when the zero offset is negative, it is regarded as 0. Therefore, an n-bit PUF sequence can be generated for identity authentication.

[0072] The present invention also discloses a PUF generation method based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array based on the aforementioned PUF generation device, see the attached Figure 4 ,include:

[0073] The voltage output signals of n magnetic sensitive current sensors are collected respectively and the voltage effective value and zero bias value are calculated, and then the calculated effective value of each magnetic sensitive current sensor output is used to obtain the current value of the conductor to be measured;

[0074] When the calculated zero bias value of the magnetic sensitive current sensor is positive, the digital code corresponding to the magnetic sensitive current sensor is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0;

[0075] A digital code of 1 or 0 is generated according to the zero bias value of each magnetically sensitive current sensor, and the obtained n digital code sequences of 1 or 0 are used as the generated physical unclonable function PUF for digital identity authentication.

[0076] The present disclosure may be a system, a method and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0077] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a raised structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. As used herein, a computer-readable storage medium is not to be interpreted as a transient signal per se, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., a light pulse through a fiber optic cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0078] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0079] The computer program instructions for performing the operation of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. Computer-readable program instructions may be executed completely on a user's computer, partially on a user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on a user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or completely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., using an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet). In some embodiments, an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), may be customized by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions, and the electronic circuit may execute the computer-readable program instructions, thereby realizing various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PUF generation device based on magnetoresistor, characterized in that: The PUF generating device comprises a bridge structure sequence consisting of n Wheatstone bridges and a PUF processing module; The Wheatstone bridge is composed of a magnetoresistor TMR, and each Wheatstone bridge includes two voltage output terminals, V+ and V-; The PUF processing module generates a physical unclonable function PUF based on a sequence composed of the difference values ​​of each Wheatstone bridge output voltage signal.

2. The PUF generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each Wheatstone bridge structure includes a bridge arm composed of four magnetoresistors, and two voltage output terminals V+ and V- are respectively led out between two corresponding bridge arms.

3. The PUF generating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Due to the imbalance of the four magnetoresistive resistors, the V+ and V- voltage outputs of the Wheatstone bridge in zero magnetic field are not zero; Due to the difference in the resistance of the magnetoresistor, the V+ and V- voltage output values ​​of the Wheatstone bridge in zero magnetic field are random.

4. The PUF generating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The PUF processing module determines the digital codes of the corresponding different Wheatstone bridges according to the output voltage difference of each Wheatstone bridge in the bridge structure sequence under zero magnetic field compared with the reference voltage, and the n digital codes constitute the physical unclonable function PUF.

5. A PUF generation device based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array, characterized in that: The PUF generating device comprises a TMR sensor array consisting of n magnetosensitive current sensors, n comparators and a PUF processing module; The V+ and V- input terminals of each comparator are connected to the V+ and V- output terminals of each TMR sensor in the TMR sensor array; The output ends of the n comparators are connected to the PUF processing module; Under 0 magnetic field, the output voltage difference of different magnetic current sensors is random, and the output of the comparator connected to each TMR sensor is 1 or 0; The PUF processing module uses the received digital coding sequence of n 1s or 0s corresponding to the TMR sensor array as the generated physical unclonable function PUF for digital identity authentication.

6. A PUF generation device based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array, characterized in that: The PUF generating device comprises a TMR sensor array consisting of n magnetosensitive current sensors, a signal acquisition processing module and a PUF processing module; The signal acquisition and processing module acquires the voltage output signal of each magnetic sensitive current sensor and calculates the voltage effective value and zero bias value; The PUF processing module generates a digital code of 1 or 0 according to the zero bias value of each magnetic sensitive current sensor, and uses the obtained n digital code sequences of 1 or 0 as the generated physical unclonable function PUF for digital identity authentication.

7. The PUF generating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The signal acquisition and processing module uses the calculated effective value of the output of each magnetic sensitive current sensor to obtain the current value of the conductor to be measured; When the calculated zero bias value of the magnetic-sensitive current sensor is positive, the digital code corresponding to the magnetic-sensitive current sensor is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0.

8. A PUF generation method based on a magneto-sensitive current sensor array using the PUF generation device according to any one of claims 6 to 7, characterized in that: The voltage output signals of n magnetic sensitive current sensors are collected respectively and the voltage effective value and zero bias value are calculated, and then the calculated effective value of each magnetic sensitive current sensor output is used to obtain the current value of the conductor to be measured; When the calculated zero bias value of the magnetic sensitive current sensor is positive, the digital code corresponding to the magnetic sensitive current sensor is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0; A digital code of 1 or 0 is generated according to the zero bias value of each magnetically sensitive current sensor, and the obtained n digital code sequences of 1 or 0 are used as the generated physical unclonable function PUF for digital identity authentication.

9. An electronic device, comprising a processor and a storage medium; characterized in that: The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instruction to execute the PUF generation method based on the magneto-sensitive current sensor array according to claim 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the PUF generation method based on the magneto-sensitive current sensor array described in claim 8 is implemented.

Images