Loudspeaker acoustic performance simulation method and device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a loudspeaker acoustic performance simulation method and device, equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining simulation parameters inputted by a user, and the simulation parameters comprise T / S parameters, cavity parameters, sound guide tube parameters and test parameters; determining the value of a transfer matrix according to the T / S parameter, the cavity parameter and the sound guide tube parameter; the transfer matrix is a matrix determined according to an electrical end matrix, a gyrator matrix, a mechanical end matrix, a transformer matrix and an acoustic end matrix; and determining a simulation result according to the value of the transfer matrix and the test parameters. A loudspeaker unit system is described by adopting transfer matrix operation, a complex system can be expressed in a simple form, the operation speed is high, and especially on a large-scale data set, compared with a lumped parameter model, a transfer matrix method can more effectively process a structure with a complex geometrical shape; and the propagation characteristics of sound waves in the structure are considered in the model, so that the simulation of a high-frequency band can be better processed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of acoustic simulation technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker. Background Art

[0002] Speakers are an important tool component in user voice communication, and their performance determines the quality of listening sound. Simulation of headphone speakers is crucial in the design and development process. Through simulation, the design team can evaluate the acoustic performance of headphones at different frequencies, thereby optimizing the design of drive units, acoustic cavities, and filters.

[0003] At present, there are three common methods for simulating headphone speakers: finite element simulation method, equivalent circuit lumped parameter simulation method, and lumped parameter-finite element joint simulation method. Finite element simulation requires a lot of computing resources and time, and the computational cost is high. The equivalent circuit lumped parameter model is no longer applicable in the environment of high frequency and complex acoustic cavity. The lumped parameter-finite element joint simulation method is between the two, but the computational cost is still high.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simulation method that takes both computational cost and computational accuracy into consideration. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a method, device, equipment and storage medium for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker, so as to solve the problems of high calculation cost and limited application scope of the existing loudspeaker simulation methods.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker, the method comprising:

[0007] Acquiring simulation parameters input by a user, wherein the simulation parameters include T / S parameters, cavity parameters, sound guide tube parameters, and test parameters;

[0008] Determine the value of the transfer matrix according to the T / S parameters, the cavity parameters and the sound guide tube parameters; wherein the transfer matrix is ​​a matrix determined according to the electrical end matrix, the gyrator matrix, the mechanical end matrix, the variable matrix and the acoustic end matrix;

[0009] A simulation result is determined according to the value of the transfer matrix and the test parameters.

[0010] Optionally, determining the simulation result according to the value of the transfer matrix includes:

[0011] The simulation result of the sound pressure level is determined according to the sound pressure level calculation formula and the value of the transfer matrix.

[0012] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0013] Obtain the value of the transfer matrix at different sound test frequencies;

[0014] Correspondingly, the simulation result of the sound pressure level is determined according to the sound pressure level calculation formula and the value of the transfer matrix, including:

[0015] Determine the sound pressure level values ​​at different sound test frequencies according to the transfer matrix values ​​at different sound test frequencies and the sound pressure level calculation formula;

[0016] A sound pressure level simulation curve is determined according to the sound pressure level values ​​at the different sound test frequencies, and the sound pressure level simulation curve is used as a simulation result of the sound pressure level.

[0017] Optionally, determining the value of the transfer matrix according to the T / S parameter, the cavity parameter and the sound guide tube parameter includes:

[0018] Determine the value of the acoustic end matrix according to the cavity parameters, the sound guide tube parameters, the parameters of the preset test device type and the preset sound test frequency; wherein the test device type includes a coupler or an artificial ear, and the acoustic end matrix includes an acoustic cavity matrix and a sound guide tube matrix, as well as a coupler matrix or an artificial ear matrix;

[0019] Determine the value of the electrical end matrix, the value of the gyrator matrix, the value of the mechanical end matrix and the value of the variable matrix according to the T / S parameter and the sound test frequency;

[0020] The value of the transfer matrix is ​​determined based on the value of the acoustic end matrix, the value of the electrical end matrix, the value of the gyrator matrix, the value of the mechanical end matrix and the value of the transformer matrix.

[0021] Optionally, determining the value of the acoustic end matrix according to the cavity parameters, the sound guide tube parameters, parameters of a preset test equipment type, and a preset sound test frequency includes:

[0022] Determining the value of the acoustic cavity matrix according to the cavity parameters and the sound test frequency;

[0023] Determining the value of the sound guide tube matrix according to the sound guide tube parameters and the sound test frequency;

[0024] Determining the values ​​of the coupler matrix according to the parameters of the coupler, or determining the values ​​of the artificial ear matrix according to the parameters of the artificial ear;

[0025] The value of the acoustic end matrix is ​​determined according to the value of the acoustic cavity matrix, the value of the sound guide tube matrix and the value of the coupler matrix, or the value of the acoustic end matrix is ​​determined according to the value of the acoustic cavity matrix, the value of the sound guide tube matrix and the value of the simulated ear matrix.

[0026] Optionally, determining the value of the coupler matrix according to the parameters of the coupler includes:

[0027] The parameters of the coupler are imported into finite element analysis software to calculate the value of the coupler matrix, wherein the parameters of the coupler include the CAD drawing of the coupler.

[0028] Optionally, the sound pressure level calculation formula is:

[0029]

[0030] Where SPL represents the sound pressure level, P RET Represents the preset reference sound pressure constant, P out Indicates the output sound pressure, V in represents the test voltage input to the speaker coil, Z mic represents the acoustic impedance of the test microphone, A represents the value of the first row and first column in the two-by-two order transfer matrix, and B represents the value of the first row and second column in the two-by-two order transfer matrix.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a device for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker, the device comprising:

[0032] An acquisition module, used to acquire simulation parameters input by a user, wherein the simulation parameters include T / S parameters, cavity parameters and sound guide tube parameters;

[0033] A calculation module, used to determine the value of the transfer matrix according to the T / S parameters, the cavity parameters and the sound guide tube parameters; wherein the transfer matrix is ​​a matrix determined according to the electrical end matrix, the gyrator matrix, the mechanical end matrix, the variable matrix and the acoustic end matrix;

[0034] The determination module is used to determine the simulation result according to the value of the transfer matrix.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0036] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0037] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer execution instructions, and when the computer execution instructions are executed by a processor, the method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0039] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0040] The present application provides a method, device, equipment and storage medium for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker, the method comprising: determining the value of a transfer matrix according to T / S parameters, cavity parameters and sound guide tube parameters input by a user; wherein the transfer matrix is ​​a matrix determined according to an electrical end matrix, a gyrator matrix, a mechanical end matrix, a variable matrix and an acoustic end matrix; and determining a simulation result according to the value of the transfer matrix. The above method has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. Using transfer matrix operations to describe the headphone speaker unit system can express complex systems in a concise form. Modern computer algorithms and hardware optimizations enable matrix operations to be performed efficiently and quickly, especially on large-scale data sets.

[0042] 2. Compared with the lumped parameter model, the transfer matrix model can handle structures with complex geometries more effectively.

[0043] 3. Applicable to high frequency bands: In high frequency bands, the lumped parameter model may cause large simulation errors because the structure size is no longer much smaller than the wavelength of the sound wave. The transfer matrix method can better handle high frequency band simulations because the propagation characteristics of the sound wave in the structure are considered in the model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dynamic headphone speaker provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an application scenario provided for this application;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for simulating loudspeaker acoustic performance provided in the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the two-port network transfer matrix;

[0049] Figure 5 Definition method for each parameter of the local transfer matrix;

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for simulating loudspeaker acoustic performance provided in the present application;

[0051] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for simulating loudspeaker acoustic performance provided in the present application;

[0052] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the earphone speaker connected to the sound guide tube and the test equipment provided by this application;

[0053] Fig. 9 A comparison chart of the measurement and simulation results of the sound pressure level of the earphone unit connected to the 711 coupler provided in this application;

[0054] Fig.10 A modular schematic diagram of the web-based acoustic simulation tool provided for this application;

[0055] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a device for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker provided in the present application;

[0056] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application.

[0057] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0059] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a dynamic headphone speaker provided in an embodiment of the present application, the dynamic headphone speaker mainly includes a magnet, a magnetic cover, a coil, a pole piece, a diaphragm, a damping net, and a basin frame. When the headphone speaker is working, a corresponding current will be generated in the coil and flow in the coil; there is a magnet around the coil to form a constant magnetic field. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, when current passes through the coil, the inside of the coil will be affected by the magnetic field force, so that the coil moves in the magnetic field; the coil will drive the diaphragm to vibrate together; this vibration changes according to the waveform and frequency of the electrical signal, causing the diaphragm to vibrate rapidly. The rapid vibration of the diaphragm produces pressure changes in the air, and these pressure changes are transmitted in the form of sound waves.

[0060] From the above principle of speaker sound generation, we can know that the process mainly involves the change from electricity to vibration, and then the change from vibration to sound waves. The design of different components inside the speaker will affect the speaker's sound performance, and the speaker performance determines the quality of the listening sound.

[0061] Therefore, in the process of speaker design and development, speaker simulation is crucial, which can evaluate the acoustic performance of headphones at different frequencies in advance, thereby optimizing the drive unit, acoustic cavity and filter design.

[0062] At present, there are three methods for simulating headphone speakers: finite element simulation method, equivalent circuit lumped parameter simulation method, and lumped parameter-finite element joint simulation method.

[0063] Finite element simulation method: It can discretize complex continuous systems or structures into a finite number of simple parts (called finite elements) and estimate the behavior of the overall system by solving the equations on each finite element. Therefore, the finite element simulation method has a wide range of applications and can be applied to various complex geometric shapes and physical problems. The disadvantage is that it requires a lot of computing resources and time, and the computing cost is high.

[0064] The equivalent circuit lumped parameter simulation method is a simulation method that abstracts the actual acoustic system into circuit elements (such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.). It has a fast calculation speed and provides accurate prediction at low frequencies or when the circuit size is much smaller than the signal wavelength. However, in the environment of high frequencies and complex acoustic cavities, the equivalent circuit lumped parameter model is no longer applicable.

[0065] The lumped parameter-finite element joint simulation method is between the two, but the computational cost is still high.

[0066] In view of the above problems, the inventors found in the process of research in this field that the process of each conversion step in the acoustic system can be represented by the two-port network transfer matrix. The final transfer matrix can be obtained by multiplying all the conversion processes, which can also be called the transfer matrix. This transfer matrix can represent the mapping relationship between the initial input and the final input of the speaker. According to the parameters required in the transfer matrix, the simulation results can be obtained. In this way, through matrix operations, the calculation speed is fast and can be applied to various frequencies. Based on this, the present application proposes a simulation method for the acoustic performance of a speaker.

[0067] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an application scenario provided for this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the simulation method of the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker is applied to the cloud server. The simulation calculation is performed through the cloud server. The user only needs to input the parameters to be simulated on the terminal device and send it to the cloud server to obtain the simulation results.

[0068] In other application scenarios, the user's terminal equipment can simulate the acoustic performance of the speaker.

[0069] The method provided in the present application is applicable to various types of speakers, including but not limited to the following electroacoustic transducer products: moving iron speakers, piezoelectric speakers, electrostatic speakers, flat-panel speakers, etc.

[0070] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0071] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker provided in the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0072] S101. Acquire simulation parameters input by a user, where the simulation parameters include T / S parameters, cavity parameters, sound guide tube parameters, and test parameters.

[0073] In this step, the user inputs the specific parameters of the speaker to be simulated, including: T / S parameters, cavity parameters (internal structure of the cavity) and sound guide tube parameters (internal structure of the sound guide tube), as well as test parameters, wherein the test parameters can be a test voltage, i.e., a voltage input to the speaker coil specified by the user. The user can also select a test device for testing the speaker, such as a simulated ear test, a coupler test, etc. The user can also perform a specific type of coupler. In some embodiments, the type of test device for testing the speaker is pre-set on the simulation device side.

[0074] The simulation device receives the simulation parameters input by the user.

[0075] Among them, the T / S parameters include: 1. The DC resistance of the voice coil Re, 2. The BL value of the coil, that is, the magnetic conversion factor, 3. The effective projected area of ​​the diaphragm S d , 4. The force compliance Cms of the vibration system, 5. The mechanical mass Mms including the speaker and air load, 6. The force resistance Rms of the vibration system.

[0076] S102. Determine the value of the transfer matrix based on T / S parameters, cavity parameters and sound-conducting tube parameters; wherein the transfer matrix is ​​a matrix determined based on the electrical end matrix, the gyrator matrix, the mechanical end matrix, the variable matrix and the acoustic end matrix.

[0077] In this step, the electrical end matrix, gyrator matrix, mechanical end matrix, variable matrix and acoustic end matrix are determined respectively according to the T / S parameters, cavity parameters and sound guide tube parameters. Each of the above matrices is a two-by-two order local transfer matrix. The value of the final transfer matrix can be calculated by multiplying all the local transfer matrices in order.

[0078] The final transfer matrix is ​​calculated according to a pre-designed general transfer matrix model, which specifies the order of each local transfer matrix, and its order is related to the process of loudspeaker electroacoustic conversion.

[0079] The physical meaning of each local matrix is ​​introduced below.

[0080] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the two-port network transfer matrix. Figure 5 Define methods for each parameter of the local transfer matrix. Figure 4 and Figure 5 It is the basic unit definition method of the transfer matrix. The transfer matrix can also be called a transfer matrix or a dual (two) port matrix. Figure 4 In the electrical end, V S , I S are the equivalent input voltage and current of the two-port network, V L , I Lare the equivalent voltage and current at the load end or output end, respectively. Therefore, according to V S , I S and V L , I L The mapping relationship between input and output can be determined, that is, the local transfer matrix of the electrical end (abbreviated as the electrical end matrix). The electrical end matrix can be calculated through input and output, but its essence is determined by the internal structural parameters of the speaker. When the structural parameters are constant, at a certain frequency, the matrix value is constant. Therefore, after determining the electrical end matrix, the relationship between the electrical end input and output can be determined.

[0081] Similarly, using the principle of a dual (two) port matrix, at the mechanical end, V S , I S They can also be the equivalent input force and velocity of the two-port network, V L , I L The equivalent force and speed of the load end or output end are respectively. The relationship between mechanical input and output can be determined through the mechanical end matrix.

[0082] Similarly, using the principle of a dual (two) port matrix, at the acoustic end, V S , I S They can also be the equivalent input pressure and volume velocity of the two-port network, V L , I L are the equivalent pressure and volume velocity at the load end or output end, respectively. After determining the acoustic end matrix, the relationship between the acoustic end input and output can be determined.

[0083] The above definition introduces the electrical end matrix, mechanical end matrix and acoustic end matrix, and the electrical end matrix to the mechanical end matrix needs to be realized through the rotator, so the process from the electrical end to the mechanical end needs to be described by the rotator matrix; the mechanical end matrix to the acoustic end matrix needs to be realized through the variable device, so the process from the mechanical end to the acoustic end needs to be described by the variable device matrix.

[0084] By multiplying all the above local transfer matrices in the order of electrical end matrix, gyrator matrix, mechanical end matrix, variable matrix and acoustic end matrix, we can reach the conversion relationship between the initial input and the final output. This local matrix multiplication method is the general transfer matrix model provided by this solution.

[0085] It should be noted that the values ​​of the above-mentioned local transfer matrices can be obtained through testing or theoretical calculation. How to determine each local transfer matrix will be described in detail in the subsequent embodiments.

[0086] S103, determining simulation results according to the value of the transfer matrix and the test parameters.

[0087] After the final transfer matrix is ​​determined, the simulation results can be determined based on the values ​​in the two-by-two-order transfer matrix and the test parameters.

[0088] In some embodiments, the required simulation result is a sound pressure level test result, that is, a sound pressure value at a certain frequency. The sound pressure level value can be determined based on the values ​​in the two-by-two-order transfer matrix and the sound pressure level calculation formula, as well as the test parameters.

[0089] In some embodiments, if the user wants to obtain sound pressure level curves at different frequencies, the simulation device needs to change different frequencies to calculate the final two-by-two order transfer matrix at different frequencies, and the sound pressure level value can be determined based on the numerical value and the sound pressure level calculation formula.

[0090] In some embodiments, if the user wants to obtain a sound pressure level curve at a single frequency, the user needs to input the frequency to be simulated. The simulation device calculates the final transfer matrix of the second order at the frequency, and the sound pressure level value can be determined according to the value of the transfer matrix and the sound pressure level calculation formula, as well as the test parameters.

[0091] In some other embodiments, the impedance curve and the displacement curve may also be determined according to the values ​​in the two-by-two-order transfer matrix.

[0092] This embodiment provides a method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker, obtaining simulation parameters input by a user, the simulation parameters including T / S parameters, cavity parameters, sound-conducting tube parameters, and test parameters; determining the value of a transfer matrix according to the T / S parameters, cavity parameters, and sound-conducting tube parameters; wherein the transfer matrix is ​​a matrix determined according to an electrical end matrix, a gyrator matrix, a mechanical end matrix, a variable matrix, and an acoustic end matrix; and determining simulation results according to the value of the transfer matrix and the test parameters. This simulation method can effectively handle complex multi-physical field coupling problems, improve the accuracy and reliability of the simulation, and has a fast calculation speed and is not affected by frequency.

[0093] Based on the above embodiment, how to determine each local transfer matrix is ​​introduced below.

[0094] Figure 6 The flowchart of the second embodiment of the method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker provided in this application is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0095] S201. Determine the value of the acoustic end matrix according to the cavity parameters, the sound guide tube parameters, the parameters of the preset test equipment type and the preset sound test frequency; wherein the test equipment type includes a coupler or a simulated ear, and the acoustic end matrix includes an acoustic cavity matrix and a sound guide tube matrix, as well as a coupler matrix or a simulated ear matrix.

[0096] The acoustic end matrix consists of many parts, partly determined by the structure of the loudspeaker itself, and partly determined by the type of test equipment. Therefore, the various parts are determined by the following steps:

[0097] S2011. Determine the value of the acoustic cavity matrix according to the cavity parameters and the sound test frequency.

[0098] The expression of the acoustic cavity matrix is:

[0099]

[0100] in, The acoustic impedance of the back cavity (Z) is composed of the acoustic capacity of the back cavity and the acoustic leakage. b ) transfer matrix; is the front cavity volume (C a ) is the transfer matrix composed of ; s = j2πf, j is the imaginary unit, and f is the frequency.

[0101] Among them, the cavity parameters include the back cavity acoustic impedance (Z b ) and front cavity volume (C a ).

[0102] S2012. Determine the value of the sound guide tube matrix according to the sound guide tube parameters and the sound test frequency.

[0103] The expression of the sound guide tube matrix is:

[0104]

[0105] in, f frequency, c speed of sound, l length of sound pipe; ρ density, S A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound-conducting tube; j is an imaginary unit.

[0106] S2013. Determine the values ​​of the coupler matrix according to the parameters of the coupler, or determine the values ​​of the artificial ear matrix according to the parameters of the artificial ear.

[0107] The user-selectable test device type can be either a coupler or an artificial ear.

[0108] If the user selects a coupler, the coupler matrix needs to be determined. The matrix expression of the coupler is:

[0109]

[0110] Among them, the coupler is an ear simulator that meets domestic or international standards, for example, a 711 coupler or a 318 coupler. The coupling cavity volume of the 711 coupler is 2 cubic centimeters, and the length of the coupling cavity is similar to the length of the human ear canal. The simulated measurement is the sound pressure level at the eardrum; the 318 coupler is, and the simulated measurement is the sound pressure level at the entrance of the ear canal.

[0111] In one approach, the coupler matrix can use calculated parameters provided by the manufacturer.

[0112] In another method, the CAD drawing provided by the manufacturer is imported into the finite element analysis software, and the transfer matrix of the coupler is calculated using the port scanning function and port boundary conditions of the finite element simulation software.

[0113] In another approach, the actual coupler is placed in a test environment for measurement, and acoustic measurement technology is used to obtain the coupler matrix transfer parameters.

[0114] It should be noted that there are only a few types of couplers commonly used in acoustics. All coupler matrices are determined in advance and imported into the simulation test system. When the user needs to use it, he can directly determine the corresponding coupler matrix based on the input coupler parameters.

[0115] If the user does not use a coupler for simulation, but uses an artificial ear for simulation testing, the artificial ear matrix needs to be determined based on the parameters of the artificial ear. The artificial ear matrix is ​​formed by cascading (multiplying) the outer ear transfer matrix, the middle ear transfer matrix, and the inner ear transfer matrix. The expression of the artificial ear matrix is ​​as follows:

[0116]

[0117] Among them, the H matrix is ​​the artificial ear matrix, the O matrix is ​​the outer ear matrix, the M matrix is ​​the middle ear matrix, and the I matrix is ​​the inner ear matrix.

[0118] S2014. Determine the value of the acoustic end matrix according to the value of the acoustic cavity matrix, the value of the sound guide tube matrix and the value of the coupler matrix, or determine the value of the acoustic end matrix according to the value of the acoustic cavity matrix, the value of the sound guide tube matrix and the value of the simulated ear matrix.

[0119] In one embodiment, the user selects a coupler for testing, and the acoustic end matrix is:

[0120]

[0121] In one embodiment, the user selects the artificial ear for testing, and the acoustic end matrix is:

[0122]

[0123] S202. Determine the values ​​of the electrical end matrix, the gyrator matrix, the mechanical end matrix and the variable matrix according to the T / S parameters and the sound test frequency.

[0124] For the electrical end matrix, the electrical end matrix is ​​expressed as:

[0125]

[0126] Among them, R e is the resistance, L e is the voice coil inductance; s=j2πf, j is the imaginary unit, and f is the sound test frequency.

[0127] The above resistance and voice coil inductance may be constants, or may be determined as variables that vary with the displacement of the voice coil.

[0128] For the gyrator matrix, the expression of the gyrator matrix is:

[0129]

[0130] Among them, G0=BL, G0 is the electrical-mechanical conversion factor. G0 can be a constant, or it can be determined as a variable related to the diaphragm displacement.

[0131] For the mechanical end matrix, the expression of the mechanical end matrix is:

[0132]

[0133] Among them, the force compliance (C m ), force quality (L m ), force resistance (R m ). In the headphone speaker, the vibration system usually includes but is not limited to a combination of vibration components such as a diaphragm and a voice coil.

[0134] For the variable matrix, the expression of the variable matrix is:

[0135]

[0136] Among them, S d is the effective radiation area of ​​the diaphragm.

[0137] S203, determining the value of the transfer matrix according to the value of the acoustic end matrix, the value of the electrical end matrix, the value of the gyrator matrix, the value of the mechanical end matrix and the value of the transformer matrix.

[0138] After determining the above-mentioned local transfer matrices, the final transfer matrix can be determined by calculating the general model of the transfer matrix.

[0139] The final transfer matrix is ​​expressed as:

[0140]

[0141] Where T represents the final transfer matrix, is the expression of the final transfer matrix, Represents the acoustic end matrix. Therefore, the values ​​of A, B, C, and D in the transfer matrix can be determined. Different simulation test results can be determined by performing different calculations based on the values ​​of A, B, C, and D.

[0142] It should be noted that the above-mentioned final transfer matrix or local transfer matrix may also be transformed by adding other two-by-two-order matrices to perform product operations in a cascade form.

[0143] The headphone speaker unit system is described by using transfer matrix operations. Matrix operations are a core concept in linear algebra and can express complex systems in a concise form. Modern computer algorithms and hardware optimizations allow matrix operations to be performed efficiently, especially on large data sets. Compared with the lumped parameter model, the transfer matrix model can handle structures with complex geometries more effectively. In addition, in the high frequency band, the lumped parameter model may cause large simulation errors because the structure size is no longer much smaller than the wavelength of the sound wave. The transmission line model (transfer matrix model) can better handle high frequency simulations because the propagation characteristics of sound waves in the structure are taken into account in the model. According to the model and the required parameters, the value of the transfer matrix can be quickly determined, and the calculation efficiency is high.

[0144] The following is an example of how to obtain the final simulation result after determining the value of the final transfer matrix.

[0145] Figure 7 The flowchart of the second embodiment of the method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker provided in this application is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0146] S301, obtaining values ​​of transfer matrices at different sound test frequencies.

[0147] The numerical calculation of the transfer matrix is ​​related to the frequency. A series of sound test frequencies that need to be simulated and tested need to be set up in the simulation system. Each sound test frequency corresponds to a numerical value of the transfer matrix through calculation.

[0148] S302: Determine the sound pressure level values ​​at different sound test frequencies according to the transfer matrix values ​​at different sound test frequencies, the sound pressure level calculation formula, and the test voltage.

[0149] In this embodiment, the test parameter represents a test voltage input into the speaker coil.

[0150] The formula for calculating the sound pressure level is:

[0151]

[0152]

[0153] Where SPL represents the sound pressure level, P RET Indicates the preset reference sound pressure constant (2*10 -5 Pa), P out Indicates the output sound pressure, V in Indicates the test voltage input to the speaker coil, Z mic represents the acoustic impedance of the test microphone, A represents the value of the first row and first column in the two-by-two order transfer matrix, and B represents the value of the first row and second column in the two-by-two order transfer matrix.

[0154] According to the above sound pressure level calculation formula, the final sound pressure level value can be obtained.

[0155] S303: determining a sound pressure level simulation curve according to sound pressure level values ​​at different sound test frequencies, and using the sound pressure level simulation curve as a simulation result of the sound pressure level.

[0156] In this step, the sound pressure level values ​​at different sound test frequencies are plotted into a continuous curve to obtain the final simulation result output.

[0157] Through this embodiment, different transfer matrix values ​​can be obtained according to different test frequencies, and the sound pressure level simulation results can be simulated according to the values ​​and the sound pressure level calculation formula. The calculation of this method only requires matrix operations, the test speed is fast, and the simulation results are highly accurate.

[0158] It should be noted that the above-mentioned transfer matrices can be deformed, and other combined matrices can be added. For the various parameters involved in the above-mentioned embodiments, part of them can be input by the user, and the other part can be stored in the simulation device in advance according to project needs. Different projects have different corresponding parameters due to their different hardware structures.

[0159] In order to verify the accuracy of the above transfer matrix calculation method, Figure 1 The earphone unit is connected to the 711 coupler for simulation testing. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the earphone speaker provided in this application connected to the sound guide tube and the test equipment. The test equipment can be a 711 coupler, a 318 coupler, or an artificial ear. The 711 coupler was used in this test. Fig. 9 This is a comparison chart of the measurement results of the earphone unit connected to the 711 coupler provided in this application and the simulation results of the sound pressure level. Fig. 9As shown, the solid line is the sound pressure level curve change of the headphones, and the dotted line is the sound pressure level curve change obtained by simulation test. Fig. 9 It can be seen that the simulation test results are basically consistent with the actual test results.

[0160] When the system of the simulation method is placed on a cloud server, different users can complete the simulation test by logging into the simulation test system on the cloud, and simulation tests can be provided for multiple users.

[0161] The transfer matrix calculation method is adopted as follows Fig.10 The acoustic simulation tool based on the network transmission protocol is packaged as shown. Fig.10 A modular schematic diagram of the web-based acoustic simulation tool provided for this application.

[0162] Acoustic simulation tools based on network transmission protocols can handle data exchange and communication related to network transmission protocols. The following are some basic framework components and software architecture:

[0163] Physical model and simulation engine module: the core of the acoustic simulation tool, responsible for simulating the physical behavior of the headphone speaker simulation, which is implemented based on the transfer matrix calculation method in the present invention.

[0164] Data management module: manages the large amount of data generated during the simulation process, including sound field data, simulation parameters, result analysis, etc.

[0165] Extensibility and custom modules: Allow users to add new functions or modules according to specific needs.

[0166] Hardware interface module: hardware interface between simulation tool and computer host and display.

[0167] Network transmission protocol module: realizes data encapsulation, transmission, decoding, and access, and realizes data exchange in a network environment.

[0168] User Interface (UI) module: provides an interactive environment that enables users to set simulation parameters, configure models, and start and monitor the simulation process.

[0169] Visualization tool module: provides visualization of sound field distribution, sound pressure level, frequency response, impedance curve, displacement curve, etc., as well as data analysis, report generation, speaker T / S parameter library management and other functions.

[0170] The interactive method provided in this embodiment can provide simulation test services for different users.

[0171] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of a speaker acoustic performance simulation device provided in the present application. The speaker acoustic performance simulation device 1100 includes:

[0172] An acquisition module 1101 is used to acquire simulation parameters input by a user, wherein the simulation parameters include T / S parameters, cavity parameters, sound guide tube parameters, and test parameters;

[0173] A calculation module 1102 is used to determine the value of a transfer matrix according to the T / S parameters, the cavity parameters and the acoustic tube parameters; wherein the transfer matrix is ​​a matrix determined according to an electrical end matrix, a gyrator matrix, a mechanical end matrix, a variable matrix and an acoustic end matrix;

[0174] The determination module 1103 is used to determine the simulation result according to the value of the transfer matrix and the test parameters.

[0175] Optionally, the determining module 1103 is further configured to:

[0176] The simulation result of the sound pressure level is determined according to the sound pressure level calculation formula, the value of the transfer matrix, and the test parameters.

[0177] Optionally, the acquisition module 1101 is further used to: acquire the value of the transfer matrix at different sound test frequencies;

[0178] Accordingly, the determining module 1103 is further used for:

[0179] Determining the sound pressure level values ​​at different sound test frequencies according to the transfer matrix values ​​at different sound test frequencies and the sound pressure level calculation formula;

[0180] A sound pressure level simulation curve is determined according to the sound pressure level values ​​at the different sound test frequencies, and the sound pressure level simulation curve is used as a simulation result of the sound pressure level.

[0181] Optionally, the calculation module 1102 is further used for:

[0182] Determine the value of the acoustic end matrix according to the cavity parameters, the sound guide tube parameters, the parameters of the preset test device type and the preset sound test frequency; wherein the test device type includes a coupler or an artificial ear, and the acoustic end matrix includes an acoustic cavity matrix and a sound guide tube matrix, as well as a coupler matrix or an artificial ear matrix;

[0183] Determine the value of the electrical end matrix, the value of the gyrator matrix, the value of the mechanical end matrix and the value of the variable matrix according to the T / S parameter and the sound test frequency;

[0184] The value of the transfer matrix is ​​determined based on the value of the acoustic end matrix, the value of the electrical end matrix, the value of the gyrator matrix, the value of the mechanical end matrix and the value of the transformer matrix.

[0185] Optionally, the calculation module 1102 is specifically used for:

[0186] Determining the value of the acoustic cavity matrix according to the cavity parameters and the sound test frequency;

[0187] Determining the value of the sound guide tube matrix according to the sound guide tube parameters and the sound test frequency;

[0188] Determining the values ​​of the coupler matrix according to the parameters of the coupler, or determining the values ​​of the artificial ear matrix according to the parameters of the artificial ear;

[0189] The value of the acoustic end matrix is ​​determined according to the value of the acoustic cavity matrix, the value of the sound guide tube matrix and the value of the coupler matrix, or the value of the acoustic end matrix is ​​determined according to the value of the acoustic cavity matrix, the value of the sound guide tube matrix and the value of the simulated ear matrix.

[0190] Optionally, the calculation module 1102 is further used for:

[0191] The parameters of the coupler are imported into finite element analysis software to calculate the value of the coupler matrix, wherein the parameters of the coupler include the CAD drawing of the coupler.

[0192] Optionally, the sound pressure level calculation formula is:

[0193]

[0194] Where SPL represents the sound pressure level, P RET Represents the preset reference sound pressure constant, P out Indicates the output sound pressure, V in Indicates the test voltage input to the speaker coil, Z mic represents the acoustic impedance of the test microphone, A represents the value of the first row and first column in the two-by-two order transfer matrix, and B represents the value of the first row and second column in the two-by-two order transfer matrix.

[0195] The device for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker provided in this embodiment can execute the method provided in the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, so this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0196] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application. Fig.12 As shown, the electronic device 50 provided in this embodiment includes: at least one processor 501 and a memory 502. Optionally, the device 50 also includes a communication component 503. The processor 501, the memory 502 and the communication component 503 are connected via a bus 504.

[0197] In a specific implementation process, at least one processor 501 executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 502, so that at least one processor 501 executes the above method.

[0198] The specific implementation process of the processor 501 can be found in the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0199] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the invention may be directly implemented as being executed by a hardware processor, or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0200] The memory may include a high-speed memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (Non-volatile Memory, NVM), such as at least one disk memory.

[0201] The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, the bus in the drawings of the present application is not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0202] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the above method when executed by a processor.

[0203] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When a processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the above method is implemented.

[0204] The above-mentioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer.

[0205] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the readable storage medium and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuits, referred to as: ASIC). Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist in the device as discrete components.

[0206] The division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0207] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0208] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0209] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0210] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments are executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0211] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not disclosed by the present invention, are not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and may be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker, It is characterized in that The method comprises: Acquiring simulation parameters input by a user, wherein the simulation parameters include T / S parameters, cavity parameters, sound guide tube parameters, and test parameters; Determine the value of the transfer matrix according to the T / S parameters, the cavity parameters and the sound guide tube parameters; wherein the transfer matrix is ​​a matrix determined according to the electrical end matrix, the gyrator matrix, the mechanical end matrix, the variable matrix and the acoustic end matrix; A simulation result is determined according to the value of the transfer matrix and the test parameters.

2. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Determining the simulation result according to the value of the transfer matrix includes: The simulation result of the sound pressure level is determined according to the sound pressure level calculation formula, the test parameters and the value of the transfer matrix.

3. The method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: Obtain the value of the transfer matrix at different sound test frequencies; Correspondingly, the simulation result of the sound pressure level is determined according to the sound pressure level calculation formula, the test parameters and the value of the transfer matrix, including: Determining the sound pressure level values ​​at different sound test frequencies according to the transfer matrix values ​​at different sound test frequencies, the test parameters and the sound pressure level calculation formula; A sound pressure level simulation curve is determined according to the sound pressure level values ​​at the different sound test frequencies, and the sound pressure level simulation curve is used as a simulation result of the sound pressure level.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that Determining the value of the transfer matrix according to the T / S parameter, the cavity parameter and the sound guide tube parameter includes: Determine the value of the acoustic end matrix according to the cavity parameters, the sound guide tube parameters, the parameters of the preset test device type and the preset sound test frequency; wherein the test device type includes a coupler or an artificial ear, and the acoustic end matrix includes an acoustic cavity matrix and a sound guide tube matrix, as well as a coupler matrix or an artificial ear matrix; Determine the value of the electrical end matrix, the value of the gyrator matrix, the value of the mechanical end matrix and the value of the variable matrix according to the T / S parameter and the sound test frequency; The value of the transfer matrix is ​​determined based on the value of the acoustic end matrix, the value of the electrical end matrix, the value of the gyrator matrix, the value of the mechanical end matrix and the value of the transformer matrix.

5. The method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that Determining the value of the acoustic end matrix according to the cavity parameters, the sound guide tube parameters, the parameters of the preset test equipment type and the preset sound test frequency includes: Determining the value of the acoustic cavity matrix according to the cavity parameters and the sound test frequency; Determining the value of the sound guide tube matrix according to the sound guide tube parameters and the sound test frequency; Determining the values ​​of the coupler matrix according to the parameters of the coupler, or determining the values ​​of the artificial ear matrix according to the parameters of the artificial ear; The value of the acoustic end matrix is ​​determined according to the value of the acoustic cavity matrix, the value of the sound guide tube matrix and the value of the coupler matrix, or the value of the acoustic end matrix is ​​determined according to the value of the acoustic cavity matrix, the value of the sound guide tube matrix and the value of the simulated ear matrix.

6. The method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that Determining the value of the coupler matrix according to the parameters of the coupler includes: The parameters of the coupler are imported into finite element analysis software to calculate the value of the coupler matrix, wherein the parameters of the coupler include the CAD drawing of the coupler.

7. The method according to claim 2 or 3, It is characterized in that The test parameters include the test voltage, and the sound pressure level calculation formula is: Where SPL represents the sound pressure level, P RET Represents the preset reference sound pressure constant, P out Indicates the output sound pressure, V in represents the test voltage input to the speaker coil, Z mic represents the acoustic impedance of the test microphone, A represents the value of the first row and first column in the two-by-two order transfer matrix, and B represents the value of the first row and second column in the two-by-two order transfer matrix.

8. A device for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker, It is characterized in that The device comprises: An acquisition module, used to acquire simulation parameters input by a user, wherein the simulation parameters include T / S parameters, cavity parameters, sound guide tube parameters and test parameters; A calculation module, used to determine the value of the transfer matrix according to the T / S parameters, the cavity parameters and the sound guide tube parameters; wherein the transfer matrix is ​​a matrix determined according to the electrical end matrix, the gyrator matrix, the mechanical end matrix, the variable matrix and the acoustic end matrix; The determination module is used to determine the simulation result according to the value of the transfer matrix and the test parameter.

9. An electronic device, It is characterized in that include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, It is characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the method for simulating the acoustic performance of a loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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