Multi-path variable-parameter hydrogen storage and supply system and hydrogen storage and supply method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a multi-path variable-parameter hydrogen storage and supply system and method, and the system comprises a low-pressure gas storage unit, a first-stage pressurization unit, a medium-pressure gas storage unit, a second-stage pressurization unit, a high-pressure gas storage unit, a pressure reduction unit, a sequence control unit, a high-pressure hydrogen outlet and a low-pressure hydrogen outlet; the pressure reducing unit is provided with a pressure reducing valve group, a pilot-operated pressure reducing valve and a throttling pressure reducing device which are sequentially connected according to a gas path, and a low-pressure hydrogen outlet is communicated with the gas outlet end of the throttling pressure reducing device; the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit is communicated with a gas inlet pipeline of the pilot-operated type pressure reducing valve, the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit is communicated with the gas inlet end of the pressure reducing valve set, and through valve control, hydrogen of the low-pressure gas storage unit is supplied to low-pressure hydrogen using equipment (fuel cells) during short-period energy storage. And during long-period energy storage, hydrogen in the medium-pressure gas storage unit is supplied to low-pressure hydrogen utilization equipment (fuel cells), and meanwhile, the hydrogen storage space and the hydrogen storage energy consumption are reduced.

Description

[0001] This invention is an invention patent application based on the priority of a prior patent application with application number 202311054161.4 filed on August 21, 2023, and invention name “A multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system and hydrogen storage and supply method”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field, and in particular to a multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system and a hydrogen storage and supply method. Background Art

[0003] As a clean energy, hydrogen energy has the characteristics of long-term storage, wide application, and diverse application conditions. High-pressure hydrogen storage refers to compressing hydrogen under high pressure and storing it in a high-density gaseous form. It has the advantages of fast hydrogen absorption and release rate. High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is a commercialized hydrogen storage technology. It has formed a series of products with pressure levels of 0-10MPa, 20MPa, 45MPa, 98MPa, etc. It is the most mature and most commonly used hydrogen storage technology. The hydrogen storage and supply system in the integrated energy system often adopts a one-system-for-multiple-use system, that is, the hydrogen supply system needs to meet the hydrogen supply needs under different pressures.

[0004] Specifically, a common application form in the prior art is that the hydrogen storage and supply system simultaneously meets the requirements of high-pressure hydrogen supply (>35MPa) and low-pressure hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply (<1.6MPa), and meets the fluctuating input requirements of hydrogen production from renewable energy. The hydrogen supply pressure requirements for the two usage scenarios are quite different (several times or even an order of magnitude). Among them, high-pressure hydrogen supply (>35MPa) is used to supply hydrogen to hydrogen refueling stations; and the input and output ends of the hydrogen storage and supply system fluctuate greatly.

[0005] In a multi-purpose hydrogen storage and supply system, on the one hand, when the subsystems with different pressure parameters and fluctuations are connected to work together through the same set of hydrogen storage and supply system, the pressure, flow rate and even gas composition will be different. If the configuration is unreasonable, it will cause insufficient hydrogen supply, poor exhaust, pressure fluctuations exceeding the optimal operating conditions of the equipment and even shutdown of the process equipment at the front or back end; on the other hand, the rapid changes in pressure and flow at the high-pressure hydrogen end will affect the fluctuation of the pressure of the gas storage unit, which will produce certain fluctuations in the low-pressure area; in addition, the applicant also found that when hydrogen production and high-pressure hydrogenation are carried out simultaneously, the pressure after the pressure reducing valve fluctuates within a certain range with the change of the pressure before the valve, and the hydrogen pressure of the storage tank will fluctuate rapidly. At this time, the pressure of the hydrogen supply path of the fuel cell will fluctuate accordingly. Although the hydrogen pressure is within the acceptable range of hydrogen supply for the fuel cell, the excessive rate of change of the pressure will cause the fuel cell to shut down due to the fluctuation of the hydrogen pressure. Therefore, the prior art requires a hydrogen storage and supply system that can simultaneously meet the requirements of high-pressure and low-pressure stable hydrogen supply. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system and a hydrogen storage and supply method to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system, comprising: a low-pressure gas storage unit, a first-stage boosting unit, a medium-pressure gas storage unit, a second-stage boosting unit, a high-pressure gas storage unit, a pressure reducing unit, a high-pressure hydrogen outlet, a low-pressure hydrogen outlet and a sequence control unit;

[0009] The pressure reducing unit includes a pressure reducing valve group, a pilot pressure reducing valve and a throttling pressure reducing device;

[0010] The air inlet end of the low-pressure gas storage unit is connected to the hydrogen production equipment through a pipeline, and the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit is connected to the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve and the air inlet end of the first-stage boosting unit through a pipeline;

[0011] The output end of the first-stage boosting unit is connected to the input end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit through a pipeline;

[0012] The outlet end of the pressure reducing valve group is connected to the inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve through a pipeline, and the inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group is connected to the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit through a pipeline; the inlet end of the throttling pressure reducing device is connected to the outlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the throttling pressure reducing device is connected to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet through a pipeline;

[0013] The output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit is also connected to the input end of the secondary boosting unit and the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group;

[0014] The output end of the secondary boosting unit is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet through a pipeline and the input end of the high-pressure gas storage unit through a sequential control unit;

[0015] The output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit and the output end of the high-pressure gas storage unit are also connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet through a sequential control unit;

[0016] The sequential control unit includes a plurality of valve loop controls, which can be used to adjust the connection state changes between a plurality of pipelines.

[0017] Preferably, the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit is also connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet via a sequential control unit.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of the medium-pressure gas storage units are provided in parallel, and each medium-pressure gas storage unit is provided with an independent on-off valve.

[0019] Preferably, the output end of the high-pressure gas storage unit is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet through a sequential control unit.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of the high-pressure gas storage units are provided in parallel, and each high-pressure gas storage unit is provided with an independent on-off valve.

[0021] Preferably, a secondary pressurized gas supply path, a high-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path and a medium-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path are provided in front of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet.

[0022] Preferably, the low-pressure gas storage unit, the first-stage boosting unit, the medium-pressure gas storage unit, the second-stage boosting unit, the high-pressure gas storage unit, and the pressure reducing unit are provided with a vent valve and a vent pipeline connected to the vent valve; the vent pipeline gradually increases in height in the direction extending from the vent valve to the exhaust manifold.

[0023] Preferably, the low-pressure hydrogen equipment connected to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet is provided with a separate venting pipeline, and the venting or exhaust pipeline is connected to the exhaust valve of the low-pressure hydrogen equipment, and a gas-liquid separator is provided at the exhaust valve and the connection with the exhaust pipeline.

[0024] Preferably, the pressure reducing valve group, hydrogen transmission pipeline, pilot pressure reducing valve, and throttling pressure reducing device are connected in sequence according to the gas circuit, and the low-pressure hydrogen outlet is connected to the gas outlet end of the throttling pressure reducing device through a pipeline; a low-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path and a medium-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path are provided in front of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet.

[0025] A multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply method uses the multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The present invention adopts a multi-channel hydrogen supply method for high-pressure hydrogen equipment using a medium-pressure gas storage unit, a high-pressure gas storage unit and a two-stage boosting unit, and supplies hydrogen to the high-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a hydrogen filling machine) in sequence through the medium-pressure gas storage unit, the high-pressure gas storage unit and the two-stage boosting unit. Compared with the method of directly supplying hydrogen through the high-pressure gas storage unit and the boosting unit, it reduces a part of the energy consumption of the boosting unit, and helps to reduce the number of start-stop times of the boosting unit, thereby extending the service life of the boosting unit.

[0028] (2) The pressure reducing unit of the present invention adopts a multi-stage pressure reducing method including a pressure reducing valve group, a pilot pressure reducing valve and a throttling pressure reducing device, which helps to reduce the pressure fluctuation at the air inlet of low-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a fuel cell), and reduce the impact of the hydrogen production process and the fluctuation of hydrogen consumption by multiple equipment on the air inlet pressure of the low-pressure gas line: after adding the pilot pressure reducing valve, the gas pressure fluctuation range before the throttling pressure reducing device is smaller, the maximum value of the gas pressure fluctuation is smaller, the gas pressure fluctuation range before the low-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a fuel cell) is smaller, and the maximum value of the gas pressure fluctuation before the low-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a fuel cell) is smaller.

[0029] (3) In the pressure reducing unit of the present invention, the pressure reducing valve group, the pilot pressure reducing valve, and the throttling pressure reducing device are connected in sequence according to the gas path, and the low-pressure hydrogen outlet is connected to the gas outlet of the throttling pressure reducing device; the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit is connected to the air inlet pipe of the pilot pressure reducing valve, and the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit is connected to the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group. Through valve control, the hydrogen of the low-pressure gas storage unit can be used to supply hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen equipment (fuel cell) during short-term energy storage, and the hydrogen of the medium-pressure gas storage unit can be used to supply hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen equipment (fuel cell) during long-term energy storage. Compared with the hydrogen supply method using a single gas storage pressure, the hydrogen storage space can be reduced while the hydrogen storage energy consumption can be reduced.

[0030] (4) The present invention adopts a two-stage boosting unit and a three-stage gas storage unit: it greatly reduces compression energy consumption, reduces costs, and achieves stable hydrogen supply; it can reasonably supply gas according to the pressure requirements of high-pressure and low-pressure gas circuits under different working conditions.

[0031] (5) The pressure reducing unit of the present invention adopts a three-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing method including a pressure reducing valve group, a pilot pressure reducing valve and a throttling pressure reducing device, which helps to reduce the pressure fluctuation at the fuel cell inlet and reduce the impact of the volatility of the hydrogen production process on the low-pressure gas line inlet pressure under the condition of hydrogen production from renewable energy and hydrogen consumption fluctuations of multiple equipment.

[0032] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the embodiments of the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a decompression unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is the relationship between energy consumption and intermediate hydrogen storage pressure;

[0037] Figure 4 This is the relationship between the initial investment in hydrogen storage and the intermediate hydrogen storage pressure.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] Low-pressure gas storage unit 01; first-stage boosting unit 02; medium-pressure gas storage unit 03; second-stage boosting unit 04; high-pressure gas storage unit 05; pressure reduction unit 06; high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07; low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08;

[0040] First air supply path 2a; second air supply path 2b; third air supply path 3a; fourth air supply path 3b; first control valve 001; second control valve 002a; third control valve 002b; fourth control valve 003a; fifth control valve 003b; sixth control valve 004;

[0041] Pressure reducing valve group 061; pilot-operated pressure reducing valve 064; throttling pressure reducing device 063. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0043] About technical terms:

[0044] Pilot operated pressure reducing valve

[0045] The pilot-operated pressure reducing valve controls the opening of the opening and closing parts in the valve body to adjust the flow of the medium, thereby reducing the pressure of the medium. At the same time, it uses the pressure behind the valve to adjust the opening of the opening and closing parts, so that the pressure behind the valve is maintained within a certain range. When the inlet pressure is constantly changing, the outlet pressure is maintained within the set range to protect the subsequent living and production equipment.

[0046] Throttle pressure reducing device

[0047] The throttling pressure reducing device is a flow unit when the fluid that fills the pipeline flows through the pipeline. Like the throttling flow meter, the flow beam will form a local contraction at the throttling point, thereby increasing the flow velocity and reducing the static pressure, thus generating a static pressure difference before and after the throttling device.

[0048] On the one hand, the present invention discloses a multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system, comprising: a low-pressure gas storage unit 01, a first-level boosting unit 02, a medium-pressure gas storage unit 03, a second-level boosting unit 04, a high-pressure gas storage unit 05, a pressure reducing unit 06, a high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07, a low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 and a sequence control unit;

[0049] The pressure reducing unit 06 includes a pilot-operated pressure reducing valve 064;

[0050] The air inlet end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is connected to the external hydrogen production equipment through a pipeline, and the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is connected to the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 and the air inlet end of the first-stage boosting unit 02 through a pipeline;

[0051] The pressure reducing unit 06 includes: a pressure reducing valve group 061, a pilot pressure reducing valve 064, and a throttling pressure reducing device 063 connected in sequence according to the gas path. The air inlet end of the first-stage pressure reducing valve group 061 is connected to the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 through a pipeline, and the air outlet end is connected to the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through a pipeline; the air outlet end of the throttling pressure reducing device 063 is connected to the air inlet end of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 through a pipeline;

[0052] The output end of the first-stage boosting unit 02 is connected to the input end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 and the air inlet end 061 of the pressure reducing valve group through a pipeline;

[0053] The output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is connected to the input end of the secondary boosting unit 04 and the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group 061 through a pipeline;

[0054] The output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet through a pipeline via a sequential control unit;

[0055] The output end of the secondary boosting unit 04 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 and the input end of the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 through a pipeline through a sequential control unit;

[0056] The output end of the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 is also connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a sequence control unit;

[0057] The sequential control unit controls the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03, the output end of the high-pressure gas storage unit 05, and the output end of the secondary boosting unit 04 to be connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a pipeline;

[0058] The sequential control unit includes multiple valve loop controls, which can be used to adjust the connection status changes between multiple pipelines.

[0059] During implementation, a portion of the hydrogen stored in the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is fed into the first-stage boosting unit 02, and the first-stage boosting unit 02 boosts the intake gas by one stage to obtain the first-stage boosted gas, which is fed into the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 to complete the first-stage hydrogen storage; another portion of the hydrogen stored in the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 can be decompressed by the decompression unit 06 and fed into the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08;

[0060] A part of the hydrogen stored in the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 can enter the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 for storage through the secondary pressurized gas, and another part of the hydrogen stored in the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 can directly participate in the gas supply to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet; the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 provides the secondary pressurized gas for the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07. Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a multi-channel hydrogen supply method for high-pressure hydrogen equipment using a medium-pressure gas storage unit, a high-pressure gas storage unit and a secondary pressurized unit, and through sequential control, hydrogen is supplied to the high-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a hydrogenator) in sequence through the medium-pressure gas storage unit, the high-pressure gas storage unit and the secondary pressurized unit. Compared with the method of directly supplying hydrogen through the high-pressure gas storage unit and the pressurized unit, the energy consumption of a part of the pressurized unit is reduced, and it helps and reduces the number of start-stop times of the pressurized unit, thereby extending the service life of the pressurized unit.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a two-stage boosting unit and a three-stage gas storage unit: it greatly reduces compression energy consumption, reduces costs, and achieves stable hydrogen supply; it can reasonably supply gas according to the pressure requirements of high-pressure and low-pressure gas circuits under different working conditions; and reduces the impact of the volatility of the hydrogen production process on the low-pressure gas circuit intake pressure under conditions where renewable energy is used to produce hydrogen and multiple equipment use hydrogen in fluctuating conditions.

[0062] A preferred implementation manner is that when the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 needs to add hydrogen to an external device, the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 can be connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a pipeline to provide it with a first-level pressurized gas. After the gas pressure stabilizes, the connection between the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 and the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through the pipeline is disconnected, and the output end of the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a pipeline to provide the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 with a second-level pressurized gas, so that the output gas pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 increases until the target pressure of the second-level pressurized gas pressure is reached and then the second-level pressurization unit 04 is used to directly supply gas.

[0063] Specifically, a secondary boost gas supply path and a high-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path are provided in front of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07; the air inlet end of the secondary boost gas supply path is connected with the output end of the secondary boost unit 04 through a pipeline, and the air outlet end is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a pipeline; the input end of the high-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path is connected with the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 through a pipeline, and the air outlet end is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a pipeline.

[0064] Preferably, the gas supply path of the high-pressure gas storage unit matches the number of high-pressure gas storage units 05 which can be set to one or more.

[0065] As an example, Figure 1 As shown, the secondary boost gas supply path is provided with a first control valve 001 to control the secondary boost unit to directly supply gas to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07; the high-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path is provided with two, the second gas supply path 2b and the fourth gas supply path 3b, the second gas supply path 2b is provided with a third control valve 002b to control its connection to the high-pressure gas storage unit to supply gas to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07, and the fourth gas supply path 3b is provided with a fifth control valve 003b for controlling the corresponding high-pressure gas storage unit to supply gas to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07.

[0066] Specifically, a medium-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path is also provided in front of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07, the gas inlet end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path is connected to the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 through a pipeline, and the gas outlet end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a pipeline. Figure 1 As shown, the gas supply path of the medium-pressure gas storage unit is provided with a sixth control valve 004 for controlling the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 to supply gas to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 .

[0067] Preferably, a high-pressure gas storage unit inlet path is provided before the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07, the inlet end of the high-pressure gas storage unit inlet path is connected to the output end of the secondary boosting unit 04 through a pipeline, and the outlet end is connected to the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 through a pipeline. Figure 1 As shown, the high-pressure gas storage unit has two air intake paths: a first air supply path 2a and a third air supply path 3a. The first air supply path 2a is provided with a third control valve 002a for controlling the correspondingly connected high-pressure gas storage unit to supply air to the high-pressure gas storage unit 05; the third air supply path 3a is provided with a second control valve 003a for controlling the correspondingly connected high-pressure gas storage unit to supply air to the high-pressure gas storage unit 05.

[0068] During implementation, the third control valve 002a and the second control valve 003a are closed, and the third control valve 002b and the fifth control valve 003b are disconnected, so that the secondary boosting unit 04 can intake air to the high-pressure gas storage unit 05; the third control valve 002a and the second control valve 003a are disconnected, and the third control valve 002b and the fifth control valve 003b are closed, so that the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 can supply gas to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07.

[0069] In order to improve the influence of the simultaneous operation of multiple gas circuits on the low-pressure gas circuit and the low-pressure hydrogen outlet, the present invention discloses a pressure reducing unit with a pressure stabilizing function. In the pressure reducing unit of the present invention, a pressure reducing valve group, a pilot pressure reducing valve, and a throttling pressure reducing device are connected in sequence according to the gas circuit, and the low-pressure hydrogen outlet is connected to the gas outlet of the throttling pressure reducing device; the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit is connected to the air inlet pipeline of the pilot pressure reducing valve, and the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit is connected to the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group. Through valve control, the hydrogen of the low-pressure gas storage unit can be used to supply hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen equipment (fuel cell) during short-term energy storage, and the hydrogen of the medium-pressure gas storage unit can be used to supply hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen equipment (fuel cell) during long-term energy storage. Compared with the hydrogen supply method through a single gas storage pressure, the hydrogen storage space can be reduced while the hydrogen storage energy consumption can be reduced.

[0070] Preferably, the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is also connected to the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group 061 .

[0071] During implementation, the third part of the hydrogen stored in the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 provides a first-level pressurized gas for the decompression unit 06 , and the decompressed gas obtained after decompression is used as the intake gas for the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 .

[0072] It is understandable that the direct gas sources of the high-pressure gas circuit (including the secondary boosting unit 04, the high-pressure gas storage unit 05, and the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07) and the low-pressure gas circuit (including the decompression unit 06 and the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08) are the primary boosting gas stored in the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03, and the high-pressure gas circuit and the low-pressure gas circuit can be independently controlled and operated, so that the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 provides high-pressure hydrogenation and low-pressure hydrogen for external equipment. It is known that the operating state switching of the primary boosting unit 02 and the operating state switching of the high-pressure gas circuit will have a significant impact on the intake of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 in the low-pressure gas circuit, and the hydrogen production time, the power generation time of the low-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a fuel cell) connected to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08, and the hydrogenation time are not fixed. There are cross-coupling effects between multiple gas circuits, and the system is highly volatile, resulting in insufficient hydrogen supply and pressure fluctuations exceeding the optimal operating conditions of the equipment, which may cause shutdown in severe cases.

[0073] During implementation, by setting the pressure reducing valve group 061, it can be ensured that the pressure of the hydrogen supply circuit of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 does not exceed the maximum intake pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08, and the throttling pressure reducing device 063 further reduces the pressure of the hydrogen supply circuit of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 to near the target value, thereby completing the hydrogen pressure reduction of the hydrogen supply circuit of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 and supplying hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08.

[0074] It should be noted that the introduction of the throttling pressure reducing device 063 can reduce the input pressure in proportion, so that the output pressure fluctuation of the pressure reducing valve group 061 is also reduced in proportion. Compared with the prior art, the two-stage pressure reducing design can reduce the pressure fluctuation of the gas after pressure reduction when the gas pressure at the input end changes.

[0075] During implementation, the pilot-operated pressure reducing valve 064 first adjusts its inlet hydrogen pressure by changing the throttling area, reducing the inlet pressure to a certain range (the pressure value can be set), and then produces a positive or negative control effect by relying on the energy of the hydrogen itself and the change in the inlet pressure. The pressure and spring force inside the valve are dynamically balanced, so that the outlet pressure is stabilized at a fixed value and the pressure error is controlled within an acceptable range.

[0076] When implementing, as an example, Figure 2 As shown, when the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 needs to take in air for power generation, the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 can be connected to the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through a pipeline to provide it with gas before the first stage of supercharging, which is then reduced in pressure by the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 and the throttling pressure reducing device 063 and then supplied to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08; when the gas pressure of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is lower than the preset value, the connection between the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 and the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through the pipeline is disconnected, and the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is connected to the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group 061 through a pipeline to provide the pressure reducing valve group 061 with a first stage of supercharging gas, which is then reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing valve group 061, the pilot pressure reducing valve 064, and the throttling pressure reducing device 063 and then supplied to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08.

[0077] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a design in which the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is connected to the air inlet end of the pilot-operated pressure reducing valve 064, which helps to reduce the energy loss when the high-pressure gas is transferred to the low-pressure environment when hydrogen is added to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 for power generation, and helps to reduce pressure loss and energy consumption of the boosting unit.

[0078] Compared with the prior art, the pressure reducing unit of the present invention adopts a three-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing method including a pressure reducing valve group, a pilot pressure reducing valve and a throttling pressure reducing device, which helps to reduce the pressure fluctuation at the fuel cell inlet and reduce the impact of the hydrogen production process and the fluctuation of hydrogen consumption by multiple equipment on the low-pressure gas circuit inlet pressure.

[0079] Preferably, a plurality of medium-pressure gas storage units 03 are provided in parallel, and each medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is provided with an independent on-off valve.

[0080] Preferably, a plurality of high-pressure gas storage units 05 are provided in parallel, and each high-pressure gas storage unit 05 is provided with an independent on-off valve.

[0081] Preferably, the first-stage boosting unit 02, the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03, the second-stage boosting unit 04, the high-pressure gas storage unit 05, and the pressure reducing unit 06 are provided with a vent valve and a vent pipeline connected to the vent valve ( Figure 1 not shown).

[0082] Preferably, the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 is provided with an exhaust valve and an exhaust pipeline connected to the exhaust valve ( Figure 1not shown).

[0083] Specifically, the vent line and the exhaust line converge into the exhaust main pipe, the vent line gradually increases in height from the vent valve to the exhaust main pipe, and the exhaust line gradually increases in height from the exhaust valve to the exhaust main pipe; a gas-liquid separator is provided at the connection between the exhaust valve and the exhaust line, and a gas-liquid separator is provided at the connection between the vent valve and the vent line.

[0084] During implementation, the water vapor in the vent line and the exhaust line flows in the opposite direction of the exhaust or vent air flow and is collected in the gas-liquid separator to realize the gas-liquid separator.

[0085] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a design in which the venting pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are gradually raised along the airflow direction, thereby avoiding poor exhaust caused by residual water vapor in the pipeline and ensuring stable exhaust and venting.

[0086] Preferably, the low-pressure hydrogen equipment connected to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet is provided with a separate venting pipeline, which avoids the influence of the high-pressure end on the low-pressure side when the high-pressure and low-pressure equipment are vented at the same time, and the low-pressure venting exhaust resistance is smaller.

[0087] Specifically, the first-stage boosting unit 02 and the second-stage boosting unit 04 may be hydrogen boosting pumps; the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 and the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 may be pressure gas storage tanks suitable for different pressures.

[0088] Preferably, the low-pressure hydrogen equipment connected to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 may be a low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which can be quickly started at room temperature and has an operating temperature of 70-90°C.

[0089] Preferably, the multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system is also provided with a control module and an electricity storage module. The electricity storage module can store electricity generated by external clean energy power generation modules such as solar energy and wind energy. Part of the electricity is used to produce hydrogen, with hydrogen as an important energy storage method; the other part of the electricity is used for the operation of the boosting unit and the electronic control function of the control module of the multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system.

[0090] It should be noted that the solar energy, wind energy, etc. that the multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system relies on are greatly affected by weather, sunshine, etc., and cannot continuously provide stable power supply. Therefore, it is necessary for the multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system to be equipped with a power storage module and a low-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a fuel cell) module to convert part of the stored hydrogen into electrical energy again and store it in the power storage module for powering the control module of the multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system.

[0091] On the other hand, the present invention discloses a multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply method, using the multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system, comprising:

[0092] Based on the hydrogen stored in the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03, the initial high-pressure hydrogenation to the external device is completed, and based on the hydrogen stored in the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 and / or the hydrogen that has completed the secondary pressurization, the final high-pressure hydrogenation to the external device is completed;

[0093] The low-pressure gas storage unit 01 stores hydrogen and supplies it to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 first. The medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 stores hydrogen and supplies it to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 first.

[0094] Specifically, the initial high-pressure hydrogenation to the external equipment includes:

[0095] The output end of the first-stage boosting unit 02 and / or the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is connected to the air inlet end of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a pipeline, and the output end of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 is connected to an external device through a pipeline to provide the external device with first-stage boosting gas until the air pressure is stable.

[0096] Specifically, the final high-pressure hydrogenation to the external equipment includes:

[0097] Disconnect the output end of the first-level boosting unit 02 and / or the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 from the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 via the pipeline, connect the output end of the second-level boosting unit 04 and / or the gas outlet end of the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 via the pipeline, provide secondary boosted gas to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07, so that the output gas pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 increases until it reaches a target pressure lower than the pressure of the secondary boosted gas.

[0098] Specifically, the hydrogen storage unit 01 stores hydrogen and preferentially supplies hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08, including:

[0099] The output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is connected to the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through a pipeline to provide it with gas before the first stage of pressurization, which is then reduced in pressure by the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 and the throttling pressure reducing device 063 and supplied to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08.

[0100] Specifically, supplying hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 based on the storage of hydrogen in the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 includes:

[0101] When the gas pressure of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is lower than the preset value, the connection between the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 and the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through the pipeline is disconnected, and the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is connected to the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group 061 through the pipeline to provide the pressure reducing valve group 061 with a first-level pressurized gas, which is reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing valve group 061, the pilot pressure reducing valve 064, and the throttling pressure reducing device 063 and then supplied to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08.

[0102] Specifically, the multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply method further includes:

[0103] The pressure of hydrogen inlet is stabilized at P0 based on the low-pressure gas storage unit 01;

[0104] Based on the first-stage boosting unit 02, the outlet gas of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is boosted to P1;

[0105] The first-stage pressurized hydrogen storage is completed based on the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03;

[0106] The hydrogen stored in the medium pressure gas storage unit 03 is pressurized to P2 based on the secondary pressurization unit 04;

[0107] The two-stage pressurized hydrogen storage is completed based on the high-pressure gas storage unit 05.

[0108] Specifically, P0<P1<P2, P2≥rated working pressure Ph of high-pressure hydrogen equipment connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet; P0≥rated working pressure Ps of hydrogen supply of low-pressure hydrogen equipment (fuel cell) connected to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet.

[0109] Preferably, 17 MPa≤P1≤20 MPa.

[0110] As an example, P0 = 3MPa, P1 = 20MPa, P2 = 45MPa, Ph = 35MPaPs = 0.3MPa ~ 0.5MPa. It should be noted that the gas storage pressure of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 or the gas outlet pressure P1 of the first-stage booster unit 02 of the present invention is selected to be 17MPa ~ 20MPa, which is conducive to obtaining lower energy consumption, and at the same time has lower initial construction investment and higher economic benefits.

[0111] In order to further illustrate the advantages of the present invention, the following examples, comparative examples and experimental examples are provided:

[0112] Example 1

[0113] This embodiment discloses a multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 It can be seen that it includes: a low-pressure gas storage unit 01, a first-level boosting unit 02, a medium-pressure gas storage unit 03, a second-level boosting unit 04, a high-pressure gas storage unit 05, a pressure reducing unit 06, a high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07, a low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 and a sequential control unit;

[0114] The output end of the first-stage boosting unit 02 is connected to the input end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 and the air inlet end 061 of the pressure reducing valve group through a pipeline through a solenoid valve (the solenoid valve is not shown);

[0115] The output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is connected to the air inlet end of the secondary boosting unit 04 through a pipeline through a solenoid valve (the solenoid valve is not shown); the output end of the secondary boosting unit 04 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 and the air inlet end of the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 through a pipeline through a solenoid valve (the solenoid valve is not shown);

[0116] The output end of the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 is also connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a sequence control unit;

[0117] The pressure reducing unit 06 includes: a pressure reducing valve group 061, a pilot pressure reducing valve 064, and a throttling pressure reducing device 063 which are connected in sequence according to the gas circuit. The air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group 061 is connected to the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 through a pipeline, and the air outlet end is connected to the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through a pipeline; the air outlet end of the throttling pressure reducing device 063 is connected to the air inlet end of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 through a pipeline.

[0118] During implementation, the first-level boosting unit 02 obtains the first-level boosted gas after the intake air is pressurized for one level, and inputs it into the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 to complete the first-level hydrogen storage, and / or is depressurized by the decompression unit 06 as the intake air for the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08; and / or is input into the second-level boosting unit 04 to obtain the second-level boosted gas after pressurization, and is used as the intake air for the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07. The second-level boosted gas enters the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 for storage; the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 provides the second-level boosted gas for the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07; the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 provides the first-level boosted gas for the decompression unit 06, and the decompressed gas obtained after decompression is used as the intake air for the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08.

[0119] The output end of the first-stage boosting unit 02 and the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 are also connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a solenoid valve (the solenoid valve is not shown).

[0120] The multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system is also equipped with a control module and an electricity storage module. The electricity storage module can store electricity generated by external clean energy power generation modules such as solar energy and wind energy. Part of the electricity is used to produce hydrogen, with hydrogen as an important energy storage method; the other part of the electricity is used for the operation of the boosting unit and the electronic control function of the control module of the multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system.

[0121] The pressure reducing unit 06 includes: a pressure reducing valve group 061, a pilot pressure reducing valve 064, and a throttling pressure reducing device 063 which are connected in sequence according to the gas circuit. The air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group 061 is connected to the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 through a pipeline, and the air outlet end is connected to the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through a pipeline; the air outlet end of the throttling pressure reducing device 063 is connected to the air inlet end of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 through a pipeline; by setting the pressure reducing valve group 061, it can be ensured that the pressure of the hydrogen supply path of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 does not exceed the maximum air inlet pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08, and the throttling pressure reducing device 063 further reduces the pressure of the hydrogen supply path of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 to near the target value, thereby completing the hydrogen pressure reduction of the hydrogen supply path of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 and supplying hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08.

[0122] During implementation, the pilot-operated pressure reducing valve 064 first adjusts its inlet hydrogen pressure by changing the throttling area, reducing the inlet pressure to a certain range (the pressure value can be set), and then produces a positive or negative control effect by relying on the energy of the hydrogen itself and the change in the inlet pressure. The pressure and spring force inside the valve are dynamically balanced, so that the outlet pressure is stabilized at a fixed value and the pressure error is controlled within an acceptable range.

[0123] A low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is also connected in front of the first-stage booster unit 02.

[0124] The output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is connected to the air inlet end of the pilot-operated pressure reducing valve 064 through a pipeline via a solenoid valve (the solenoid valve is not shown).

[0125] like Figure 2 As shown, when the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 needs to take in air for power generation, the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 can be connected to the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through a pipeline to provide it with gas before the first stage of supercharging, which is then reduced in pressure by the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 and the throttling pressure reducing device 063 and then supplied to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08; when the gas pressure of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is lower than the preset value, the connection between the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 and the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through the pipeline is disconnected, and the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is connected to the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group 061 through a pipeline to provide the pressure reducing valve group 061 with a first stage of supercharging gas, which is then reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing valve group 061, the pilot pressure reducing valve 064, and the throttling pressure reducing device 063 and then supplied to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08.

[0126] There are 8 medium-pressure gas storage units 03 connected in parallel, and each medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is provided with an independent on-off valve.

[0127] Two high-pressure gas storage units 05 are provided in parallel, and each medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is provided with an independent on-off valve.

[0128] The first-stage boosting unit 02, the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03, the second-stage boosting unit 04, the high-pressure gas storage unit 05, and the pressure reducing unit 06 are provided with a vent valve and a vent pipeline connected to the vent valve. Figure 1 The low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 is not shown to be provided with an exhaust valve and an exhaust pipeline connected to the exhaust valve. Figure 1 It is not shown that the vent pipe and the exhaust pipe merge into the exhaust main pipe, the vent pipe gradually increases in height from the vent valve to the exhaust main pipe, and the exhaust pipe gradually increases in height from the exhaust valve to the exhaust main pipe; a gas-liquid separator is provided at the exhaust valve and the connection with the exhaust pipe, and a gas-liquid separator is provided at the connection between the vent valve and the vent pipe.

[0129] like Figure 1As shown, the secondary boost gas supply path and the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 gas supply path are connected in parallel, the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 gas supply path is provided with a first control valve 001, and the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 gas supply path is provided with a sixth control valve 004; the secondary boost gas supply path is matched with the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 and is provided with two, namely the first-stage boost gas supply path and the second-stage boost gas supply path; the first-stage boost gas supply path is provided with a second control valve 002a and a third control valve 002b; the second-stage boost gas supply path is provided with a fourth control valve 003a and a fifth control valve 003b.

[0130] The inlet and outlet gas of the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 share an airflow pipeline, one of the high-pressure gas storage units 05 is connected to the airflow pipeline between the two control valves on the first-stage boost air supply path, and the inlet and outlet gas of the other high-pressure gas storage unit 05 is connected to the airflow pipeline between the two control valves on the second-stage boost air supply path.

[0131] The first-stage boosting unit 02 and the second-stage boosting unit 04 are hydrogen boosting pumps; the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 and the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 are pressure gas storage tanks suitable for 20MPa and 45MPa respectively.

[0132] The low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 is a low-temperature proton exchange membrane low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08, which can be quickly started at room temperature and has an operating temperature of 70-90°C.

[0133] Example 2

[0134] This embodiment discloses a multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply method:

[0135] The pressure of hydrogen inlet is stabilized at P0 by using the low-pressure gas storage unit 01;

[0136] The first-stage boosting unit 02 is used to boost the pressure of the outlet gas of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 to P1;

[0137] The medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is used to complete the first-stage pressurized hydrogen storage;

[0138] The secondary pressurizing unit 04 is used to perform secondary pressurizing of the hydrogen that has completed primary pressurization and / or the hydrogen stored in the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 to P2;

[0139] The high-pressure gas storage unit 05 is used to complete the storage of hydrogen with two-stage pressurization.

[0140] The medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is used to store hydrogen to complete the initial high-pressure hydrogenation to the external equipment. The output end of the first-level boosting unit 02 and / or the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is connected to the air inlet end of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through a pipeline. The air outlet end of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 is connected to the external equipment through a pipeline to provide the external equipment with a first-level boosted gas until the air pressure is stable.

[0141] The final high-pressure hydrogenation to the external equipment is completed by using the hydrogen stored in the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 and / or the hydrogen that has completed the secondary pressurization; the output end of the first-level pressurization unit 02 and / or the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 are disconnected from the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 via the pipeline, and the output end of the second-level pressurization unit 04 and / or the output end of the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 are connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 via the pipeline to provide the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 with secondary pressurized gas, so that the output gas pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 increases until it reaches a target pressure lower than the pressure of the secondary pressurized gas.

[0142] The low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is used to store hydrogen and supplies it to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 first. The medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is used to store hydrogen and supplies it to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08:

[0143] The output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is connected to the inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through a pipeline to provide the gas before the first stage of pressurization, and the gas is supplied to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08 after being reduced in pressure by the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 and the throttling pressure reducing device 063;

[0144] When the gas pressure of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is lower than the preset value, the connection between the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 and the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve 064 through the pipeline is disconnected, and the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 is connected to the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group 061 through the pipeline to provide the pressure reducing valve group 061 with a first-level pressurized gas, which is reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing valve group 061, the pilot pressure reducing valve 064, and the throttling pressure reducing device 063 and then supplied to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet 08.

[0145] Under the control of the sequential control unit:

[0146] Gas storage stage:

[0147] By closing the third control valve 002a and the second control valve 003a, and opening the third control valve 002b and the fifth control valve 003b, the secondary boosting unit 04 can be fed with air to the high-pressure gas storage unit 05;

[0148] High-pressure hydrogen equipment hydrogenation stage:

[0149] S1: Close the sixth control valve 004, disconnect the first control valve 001, the third control valve 002b, and the fifth control valve 003b, so that the medium-pressure gas storage unit 03 supplies gas to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07 through the medium-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path, and the remaining gas supply paths are closed;

[0150] S2: disconnect the third control valve 002a, the second control valve 003a, the sixth control valve 004, and the first control valve 001, and close the third control valve 002b and the fifth control valve 003b, so that the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 can store hydrogen and prevent the high-pressure hydrogen from flowing back to the low-pressure area through the sixth control valve 004;

[0151] S3: based on S2, the first control valve 001 is closed, so that when the gas volume of the high-pressure gas storage unit 05 is insufficient, the secondary booster unit 04 assists in supplying gas to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07;

[0152] S4: On the basis of S3, the third control valve 002b and the fifth control valve 003b are disconnected, and only the first control valve 001 is retained, so that the secondary boosting unit 04 is used as the only gas source for the high-pressure hydrogen outlet 07, and a higher output gas pressure can be obtained than S3.

[0153] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a multi-channel hydrogen supply method in which a medium-pressure gas storage unit and a high-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a hydrogenator) circuit are connected, a high-pressure gas storage unit and a high-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a hydrogenator) circuit are connected, and an output end of a secondary boosting unit and a high-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a hydrogenator) circuit are connected. Through sequential control, hydrogen is supplied to the high-pressure hydrogen equipment (such as a hydrogenator) through the medium-pressure gas storage unit, the high-pressure gas storage unit and the secondary boosting unit in turn. Compared with the method of directly supplying hydrogen through the high-pressure gas storage unit and the boosting unit, a part of the energy consumption of the boosting unit is reduced, and it helps and reduces the number of starts and stops of the boosting unit, thereby extending the service life of the boosting unit.

[0154] Among them, P0=3MPa, P1=20MPa, P2=45MPa, and the pressure at the air inlet end of the low-pressure gas storage unit 01 is 0.3MPa~0.5MPa.

[0155] Comparative Example 1

[0156] The difference from Example 1 is that no pilot pressure reducing valve is provided, and the pressure reducing valve group is directly connected to the throttling pressure reducing device.

[0157] Experimental Example 1

[0158] Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were placed in the same scenario and operated for 24 hours. The pressure at the fuel cell inlet end was recorded. The results showed that the pressure fluctuation at the fuel cell inlet end of Example 1 was much smaller than that of Comparative Example 1: the gas pressure fluctuation range before the throttling device was smaller, the maximum gas pressure fluctuation amplitude was smaller, the gas pressure fluctuation range before the fuel cell was smaller, and the maximum gas pressure fluctuation amplitude before the fuel cell was smaller.

[0159]

[0160]

[0161] Experimental Example 2

[0162] In order to verify the rationality of selecting the optimal pressure of 17MPa to 20MPa for the gas storage pressure of the medium-pressure gas storage unit or the gas outlet pressure P1 of the first-stage booster unit, experimental example 2 is set:

[0163] The pressure bearing capacity of the medium pressure gas storage unit and the auxiliary pressure bearing device in the multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system of Example 1 is adjusted according to the change of P1; the method of Example 2 is used for further calculation and analysis, P0=3MPa, P2=45MPa, and P1 is set to 12MPa, 17MPa, 20MPa, 25MPa, and 30MPa respectively;

[0164] The stored hydrogen is divided into two routes: one route is compressed by a 45MPa hydrogen compressor and sent to a 45MPa hydrogen storage bottle group (high-pressure gas storage unit) for storage, so as to refuel hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (high-pressure hydrogen equipment connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet) with a rated hydrogen refueling pressure of 35MPa; the other route is reduced in pressure through a pressure reducing valve group to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell (low-pressure hydrogen equipment connected to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet) cogeneration device.

[0165] It is tentatively assumed that the fuel cell power generation system in the hydrogen energy system runs for 2 hours per day, and its hydrogen consumption is 28kg; the hydrogen refueling system refuels the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle with 100kg of hydrogen per day, that is, the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen energy system is 128kg per day. Under the above conditions, the existing engineering calculation method is used for calculation and analysis, and the results are as follows Figure 3 As shown:

[0166] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the energy consumption shows a parabolic shape with the increase of the intermediate hydrogen storage pressure, and the lowest energy consumption occurs between 17MPa and 20MPa, that is, the energy consumption shows a gradually decreasing trend with the increase of the intermediate hydrogen storage pressure. After 20MPa, the energy consumption shows a gradually increasing trend with the increase of the intermediate hydrogen storage pressure; among them, the lowest value of energy consumption is 328kW·h.

[0167] The present invention also studies the relationship between the initial investment of the hydrogen storage system and the intermediate hydrogen storage pressure. The initial investment of the hydrogen storage system includes the hydrogen storage tank equipment and installation fees, the compressor equipment and installation fees, the refrigeration unit and installation fees, the necessary valve pipeline and other connection equipment fees and installation fees. When P1 is set to 12MPa, 17MPa, 20MPa, 25MPa, and 30MPa, the initial investment changes as follows: Figure 4 As shown:

[0168] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the initial investment cost of the hydrogen storage system shows a parabolic shape as the intermediate hydrogen storage pressure increases. The lowest value of the initial investment cost appears near 20MPa, that is, the initial investment cost gradually decreases with the increase of the intermediate hydrogen storage pressure. After 20MPa, the initial investment cost shows an upward trend with the increase of the intermediate hydrogen storage pressure, and the increase rate increases rapidly with the increase of the intermediate hydrogen storage pressure. The lowest value of the initial investment cost of the hydrogen storage system is 1.6 million yuan.

[0169] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system, It is characterized in that include: Low-pressure gas storage unit, first-stage booster unit, medium-pressure gas storage unit, second-stage booster unit, high-pressure gas storage unit, pressure reduction unit, high-pressure hydrogen outlet, low-pressure hydrogen outlet and sequence control unit; The pressure reducing unit includes a pressure reducing valve group, a hydrogen transmission pipeline, a pilot pressure reducing valve and a throttling pressure reducing device; The air inlet end of the low-pressure gas storage unit is connected to the hydrogen production equipment through a pipeline, and the output end of the low-pressure gas storage unit is connected to the air inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve and the air inlet end of the first-stage boosting unit through a pipeline; The output end of the first-stage boosting unit is connected to the input end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit; The outlet end of the pressure reducing valve group is connected to the inlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve through a pipeline, and the inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group is connected to the output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit through a pipeline; the inlet end of the throttling pressure reducing device is connected to the outlet end of the pilot pressure reducing valve through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the throttling pressure reducing device is connected to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet through a pipeline; The output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit is also connected to the air inlet end of the secondary boosting unit and the air inlet end of the pressure reducing valve group; The output end of the secondary boosting unit is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet through a pipeline and the air inlet end of the high-pressure gas storage unit through a sequential control unit; The output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit and the output end of the high-pressure gas storage unit are also connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet through a sequential control unit; The sequential control unit includes a plurality of valve loop controls, which can be used to adjust the connection state changes between a plurality of pipelines.

2. The multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The output end of the medium-pressure gas storage unit is also connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet through a sequential control unit.

3. The multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The medium-pressure gas storage units are provided in parallel in a plurality, and each medium-pressure gas storage unit is provided with an independent on-off valve.

4. The multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The output end of the high-pressure gas storage unit is communicated with the high-pressure hydrogen outlet through a sequential control unit.

5. The multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The high-pressure gas storage units are provided in parallel in a plurality, and each high-pressure gas storage unit is provided with an independent on-off valve.

6. The multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A secondary pressurized gas supply path, a high-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path and a medium-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path are provided in front of the high-pressure hydrogen outlet.

7. The multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The low-pressure gas storage unit, the first-stage boosting unit, the medium-pressure gas storage unit, the second-stage boosting unit, the high-pressure gas storage unit, and the pressure reducing unit are provided with a vent valve and a vent pipeline connected to the vent valve; the vent pipeline gradually increases in height in the direction extending from the vent valve to the exhaust main pipe.

8. The multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The low-pressure hydrogen equipment connected to the low-pressure hydrogen outlet is provided with a separate venting pipeline, and the venting or exhaust pipeline is connected to the exhaust valve of the low-pressure hydrogen equipment. A gas-liquid separator is provided at the exhaust valve and the connection with the exhaust pipeline.

9. The multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The pressure reducing valve group, hydrogen transmission pipeline, pilot pressure reducing valve, and throttling pressure reducing device are connected in sequence according to the gas path, and the low-pressure hydrogen outlet is connected to the gas outlet end of the throttling pressure reducing device through a pipeline; a low-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path and a medium-pressure gas storage unit gas supply path are provided in front of the low-pressure hydrogen outlet.

10. A multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply method, It is characterized in that A multi-path variable parameter hydrogen storage and supply system is used as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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