New energy station reactive compensation method based on 5G communication

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric power energy networks, provides a new energy station reactive compensation method based on 5G communication, and solves the problem of poor stability caused by large-scale access of a new energy power plant to a power grid. According to the system and the method, the high-speed and low-delay characteristics of the 5G technology are utilized, dynamic reactive compensation and multiple safety protection measures are combined, the new energy consumption and sending-out capacity is improved, the overvoltage operation pressure is reduced, and the system and the method have the advantages that the system and the method are simple and convenient to operate, and the system and the method are suitable for popularization and application. Meanwhile, power grid construction and operation cost is reduced, and stable operation of a power system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric power energy network technology, and in particular to a reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale access of new energy technologies and the continuous growth of electricity demand, traditional fiber-optic communication private networks can no longer meet the growing communication needs of new energy power stations. At the same time, the rapid development of 5G technology, with its high speed, low latency, large connection and other characteristics, is becoming a key technology to support energy transformation. 5G can not only provide communication performance similar to that of fiber-optic at a lower cost and faster construction cycle, but also improve the responsiveness of data processing systems.

[0003] In the field of new energy, especially in photovoltaic power stations, 5G technology is being widely used. The mainstream photovoltaic inverters in the market now have reactive power regulation functions, which can quickly perform dynamic reactive power compensation, thus effectively replacing traditional SVG equipment. The introduction of 5G technology has greatly improved the communication efficiency between photovoltaic inverters and substations and master stations, reduced the delay of information transmission, and provided strong support for the rapid response of reactive power dispatch. Reactive power regulation mainly adjusts the reactive power in the system by controlling the access and exit of devices such as capacitors and reactors. When the voltage is too high, the excess reactive current can be consumed by connecting reactors; when the voltage is too low, reactive power compensation can be performed by connecting capacitors.

[0004] Renewable energy power generation is characterized by intermittency and volatility. With the continuous increase of photovoltaic equipment and wind power equipment in new energy power plants, when wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment in new energy power plants are connected to the power grid on a large scale, it poses a challenge to the stability and reliability of the power system, resulting in a reduction in the absorption capacity and transmission stability of new energy. In order to alleviate the problem of overvoltage operation pressure in high-proportion new energy power systems, the present invention provides a reactive power compensation method for new energy stations based on 5G communication. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a reactive power compensation method for new energy stations based on 5G communication to solve the problem that large-scale access of wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment to the power grid in new energy power plants poses challenges to the stability and reliability of the power system, resulting in reduced new energy absorption capacity and transmission stability, and high overvoltage operation pressure on new energy power systems.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides a reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication, comprising:

[0008] Step S101, the automatic voltage control host sends the instruction data to the isolation device, the isolation device performs identity authentication on the instruction data sending end, and after completing the identity authentication, the isolation device transmits the instruction data to the security access area;

[0009] Step S102: The industrial security gateway at the boundary protection side of the control room in the secure access area performs security analysis and filtering on the received data, and forwards it to the control device of the new energy power plant, and then transmits the data through 5G;

[0010] Step S103, the 5G communication management machine receives data at the boundary of the photovoltaic inverter side of the security access area, and forwards it to the industrial security gateway on the photovoltaic sub-array side for re-security analysis and filtering. Subsequently, the instruction is transmitted to the inverter after identity authentication through the isolation device;

[0011] Step S104, after receiving the instruction, the inverter performs corresponding operation adjustment, and the corresponding operation adjustment includes adjusting reactive power output;

[0012] Step S105 , the inverter feeds back the operation data to the automatic voltage control host for subsequent analysis and decision-making by the automatic voltage control host.

[0013] Furthermore, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention includes, in step S101:

[0014] Obtain real-time operating status data of the power system;

[0015] The automatic voltage control host generates reactive power compensation instruction data according to the real-time operation status data of the power system and the preset control strategy. The reactive power compensation instruction data includes the target reactive power output value and adjustment time parameters of the inverter.

[0016] The automatic voltage control host sends the generated instruction data to the isolation device in an encrypted or specific format.

[0017] Furthermore, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention further includes, in step S101:

[0018] After the isolation device receives the command data from the automatic voltage control host, it first authenticates the automatic voltage control host. The authentication process includes verifying the digital certificate of the automatic voltage control host, key matching, and IP address verification to ensure that the command data does come from a legitimate automatic voltage control host rather than a malicious attacker. If the authentication fails, the isolation device will refuse to receive the command data and record the corresponding security event. If the authentication succeeds, the isolation device will perform secure transmission of the command data.

[0019] Furthermore, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention further includes, in step S101:

[0020] Safe transmission of command data. After completing identity authentication, the isolation device safely transfers the command data from the network area where the automatic voltage control host is located to the secure access area. When the command data is successfully transmitted to the secure access area, the isolation device will record a log of successful transmission and feed back the transmission results to the automatic voltage control host or related monitoring system for subsequent operation confirmation and status monitoring.

[0021] Furthermore, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention includes, in step S102:

[0022] The industrial security gateway at the boundary protection of the control room side of the secure access area receives the command data from the isolation device. After receiving the data, the gateway performs a data integrity check to check whether the data packet is complete and whether there is any damage or tampering. At the same time, the gateway also verifies whether the source of the data is legal to ensure that the data is indeed from the isolation device that has been authenticated.

[0023] After preliminary verification, the industrial security gateway performs security analysis on the command data. The security analysis includes decrypting the encryption layer of the data and checking and analyzing the data content. The gateway checks whether the data contains malicious code, viruses, illegal instructions or other potential security threats. At the same time, the gateway also filters the data according to preset security rules and policies to eliminate parts that do not meet security requirements.

[0024] Furthermore, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention further includes, in step S102:

[0025] After security analysis and filtering, the industrial security gateway forwards the command data that meets the security requirements to the control device of the new energy power plant (such as local UPF or other related equipment). During the forwarding process, the gateway encrypts the data again to ensure the security of the data during transmission. At the same time, the gateway records the key information of the data forwarding time, destination address, and data size for subsequent auditing and tracing;

[0026] After the data is forwarded to the control device, the 5G communication frequency band, modulation mode, coding mode and parameter settings of the 5G communication equipment are set. The control device sends the command data to the 5G base station, which wirelessly transmits it to the 5G communication management machine on the photovoltaic inverter side.

[0027] Furthermore, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention includes, in step S103:

[0028] At the boundary of the photovoltaic inverter side, the 5G communication management machine receives command data from the control device (such as local UPF or other intermediate equipment) through the 5G wireless network. The 5G communication management machine is used to monitor specific frequency bands and channels in the 5G network to ensure that the transmitted command data can be captured and received in time.

[0029] Furthermore, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention further includes, in step S103:

[0030] After confirming that the data is complete and correct, the 5G communication management machine forwards the command data to the industrial security gateway on the photovoltaic sub-array side; this step involves wired or wireless data transmission methods, depending on the on-site communication infrastructure and equipment configuration.

[0031] After the industrial security gateway on the PV sub-array side receives the data, the gateway checks whether the command data meets the control requirements of the inverter and whether there are potential security threats, and filters and makes necessary adjustments accordingly.

[0032] After security analysis and filtering, the industrial security gateway sends the command data to the isolation device for identity authentication. The isolation device will check the source, format, content, etc. of the data to ensure that the command data is indeed from a legal and authorized control center and complies with the specifications and requirements for secure transmission. After completing the identity authentication, the isolation device will transmit the command data to the network area where the inverter is located so that the inverter can receive and execute the corresponding control instructions.

[0033] Furthermore, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention includes, in step S104:

[0034] The inverter analyzes the received command to confirm the validity and legality of the command and whether it is directed to the inverter. During the analysis process, the inverter will check the format, content, check code and other information of the command to ensure the integrity and correctness of the command;

[0035] After confirming that the instruction is correct, the inverter will formulate a corresponding reactive output adjustment strategy based on the instruction content. The reactive output adjustment strategy includes adjusting the inverter's output voltage, current, and phase parameters to change its reactive output. During the strategy formulation process, the inverter will consider the current power system's operating status, load conditions, reactive power demand, and its own operating status and constraints.

[0036] The inverter performs adjustment operations according to the established adjustment strategy, which includes adjusting the inverter control algorithm, adjusting the duty cycle or frequency of the PWM waveform, and adjusting the parameters of the output filter. Through the adjustment operation, the inverter can change the reactive component in its output current, thereby supporting reactive power compensation of the power system;

[0037] During and after the adjustment operation, the inverter monitors its reactive output as well as voltage, current, and power factor in real time. If the adjustment result does not meet expectations or there are new changes in the power system, the inverter will make corresponding adjustments or issue an alarm. At the same time, the inverter will also feed back the adjusted operation data and system status information to the automatic voltage control host or other monitoring system for subsequent control optimization and troubleshooting.

[0038] Furthermore, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention includes, in step S105:

[0039] The inverter collects data related to its operation adjustment, including but not limited to reactive output, voltage, current, power factor, and comparison data before and after adjustment. These data will serve as the basis for feedback information to evaluate the inverter's response to instructions and the effect of system reactive compensation.

[0040] To ensure the security and integrity of data during transmission, the inverter will encapsulate and encrypt the collected operation data. The encapsulation process packages the data in a preset format so that the automatic voltage control host can correctly parse it; the encryption process uses an encryption algorithm to encrypt the data to prevent the data from being illegally stolen or tampered with during transmission.

[0041] The inverter sends the encapsulated and encrypted operation data to the automatic voltage control host through the communication link established previously. After receiving the operation data fed back by the inverter, the automatic voltage control host verifies the integrity and security of the data. After the verification passes, the automatic voltage control host decrypts the encrypted data and parses the data according to the preset format or protocol to obtain the actual operation status of the inverter and the reactive compensation effect of the system.

[0042] Based on the operating data fed back by the inverter, the automatic voltage control host will conduct subsequent analysis and decision-making work, which includes evaluating the inverter's response speed, adjustment accuracy, and the system's reactive power compensation effect.

[0043] According to the real-time operating status and predicted demand of the system, the control strategy of the inverter is optimized and adjusted; and the existing problems or risks are identified and corresponding countermeasures are formulated. Through these analysis and decision-making work, the automatic voltage control host can ensure the stable operation of the power system and the efficient consumption of new energy.

[0044] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0045] Improve communication efficiency and response speed: By introducing 5G communication technology, the communication efficiency between the photovoltaic inverter and the main station in the new energy station is significantly improved, reducing the delay of information transmission. This makes the response speed of reactive power dispatch faster, helps the power system to make rapid adjustments in real time, and maintain the stability and reliability of the power system.

[0046] Reduce construction and operation costs: The technical solution of the present invention can effectively replace traditional reactive power compensation equipment such as SVG, saving the purchase and operation and maintenance costs of these equipment. At the same time, the use of 5G technology to replace traditional communication methods such as optical fiber also reduces the construction and operation costs of new energy stations.

[0047] Enhance the capacity to absorb and transmit new energy: Renewable energy generation is intermittent and volatile, and large-scale access to the power grid will challenge the stability and reliability of the power system. The present invention enhances the capacity to absorb and transmit new energy by providing fast and flexible reactive power support, helps alleviate the overvoltage operating pressure of a high-proportion new energy power system, and improves the utilization rate of new energy generation.

[0048] Improve the safety and stability of the power system: The present invention adopts multiple security protection measures during the communication process, including identity authentication, data encryption, security analysis and filtering, etc., to ensure the legitimacy and security of the command data. This helps prevent malicious attacks and data tampering, and improves the overall safety and stability of the power system.

[0049] Support for subsequent analysis and decision-making: The operation data fed back by the inverter provides the automatic voltage control host with rich real-time information for subsequent analysis and decision-making. This helps to evaluate the response speed, adjustment accuracy and reactive power compensation effect of the inverter, and optimize and adjust the control strategy according to the actual situation, further improving the operation efficiency of the power system and the absorption capacity of new energy.

[0050] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in improving communication efficiency and response speed, reducing construction and operation costs, enhancing new energy consumption and transmission capabilities, improving the safety and stability of the power system, and supporting subsequent analysis and decision-making. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method flow chart provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of reactive power support is provided for the 5G+ inverter (converter) provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of setting a secure access zone provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 4 A communication flow chart provided for an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0057] In order to better understand the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail below.

[0058] See also Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication, comprising:

[0059] Step S101, the automatic voltage control host sends the instruction data to the isolation device, the isolation device performs identity authentication on the instruction data sending end, and after completing the identity authentication, the isolation device transmits the instruction data to the security access area;

[0060] Step S102: The industrial security gateway at the boundary protection side of the control room in the secure access area performs security analysis and filtering on the received data, and forwards it to the control device of the new energy power plant, and then transmits the data through 5G;

[0061] Step S103, the 5G communication management machine receives data at the boundary of the photovoltaic inverter side of the security access area, and forwards it to the industrial security gateway on the photovoltaic sub-array side for re-security analysis and filtering. Subsequently, the instruction is transmitted to the inverter after identity authentication through the isolation device;

[0062] Step S104, after receiving the instruction, the inverter performs corresponding operation adjustment, and the corresponding operation adjustment includes adjusting reactive power output;

[0063] Step S105 , the inverter feeds back the operation data to the automatic voltage control host for subsequent analysis and decision-making by the automatic voltage control host.

[0064] Specifically, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention includes, in step S101:

[0065] Obtain real-time operating status data of the power system;

[0066] The automatic voltage control host generates reactive power compensation instruction data according to the real-time operation status data of the power system and the preset control strategy. The reactive power compensation instruction data includes the target reactive power output value and adjustment time parameters of the inverter.

[0067] The automatic voltage control host sends the generated instruction data to the isolation device in an encrypted or specific format.

[0068] Specifically, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention, in step S101, further includes:

[0069] After the isolation device receives the command data from the automatic voltage control host, it first authenticates the automatic voltage control host. The authentication process includes verifying the digital certificate of the automatic voltage control host, key matching, and IP address verification to ensure that the command data does come from a legitimate automatic voltage control host rather than a malicious attacker. If the authentication fails, the isolation device will refuse to receive the command data and record the corresponding security event. If the authentication succeeds, the isolation device will perform secure transmission of the command data.

[0070] Specifically, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention, in step S101, further includes:

[0071] Safe transmission of command data. After completing identity authentication, the isolation device safely transfers the command data from the network area where the automatic voltage control host is located to the secure access area. When the command data is successfully transmitted to the secure access area, the isolation device will record a log of successful transmission and feed back the transmission results to the automatic voltage control host or related monitoring system for subsequent operation confirmation and status monitoring.

[0072] Specifically, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention includes, in step S102:

[0073] The industrial security gateway at the boundary protection of the control room side of the secure access area receives the command data from the isolation device. After receiving the data, the gateway performs a data integrity check to check whether the data packet is complete and whether there is any damage or tampering. At the same time, the gateway also verifies whether the source of the data is legal to ensure that the data is indeed from the isolation device that has been authenticated.

[0074] After preliminary verification, the industrial security gateway performs security analysis on the command data. The security analysis includes decrypting the encryption layer of the data and checking and analyzing the data content. The gateway checks whether the data contains malicious code, viruses, illegal instructions or other potential security threats. At the same time, the gateway also filters the data according to preset security rules and policies to eliminate parts that do not meet security requirements.

[0075] Specifically, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention further includes, in step S102:

[0076] After security analysis and filtering, the industrial security gateway forwards the command data that meets the security requirements to the control device of the new energy power plant (such as local UPF or other related equipment). During the forwarding process, the gateway encrypts the data again to ensure the security of the data during transmission. At the same time, the gateway records the key information of the data forwarding time, destination address, and data size for subsequent auditing and tracing;

[0077] After the data is forwarded to the control device, the 5G communication frequency band, modulation mode, coding mode and parameter settings of the 5G communication equipment are set. The control device sends the command data to the 5G base station, which wirelessly transmits it to the 5G communication management machine on the photovoltaic inverter side.

[0078] Specifically, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention includes, in step S103:

[0079] At the boundary of the photovoltaic inverter side, the 5G communication management machine receives command data from the control device (such as local UPF or other intermediate equipment) through the 5G wireless network. The 5G communication management machine is used to monitor specific frequency bands and channels in the 5G network to ensure that the transmitted command data can be captured and received in time.

[0080] Specifically, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention further includes, in step S103:

[0081] After confirming that the data is complete and correct, the 5G communication management machine forwards the command data to the industrial security gateway on the photovoltaic sub-array side; this step involves wired or wireless data transmission methods, depending on the on-site communication infrastructure and equipment configuration.

[0082] After the industrial security gateway on the PV sub-array side receives the data, the gateway checks whether the command data meets the control requirements of the inverter and whether there are potential security threats, and filters and makes necessary adjustments accordingly.

[0083] After security analysis and filtering, the industrial security gateway sends the command data to the isolation device for identity authentication. The isolation device will check the source, format, content, etc. of the data to ensure that the command data is indeed from a legal and authorized control center and complies with the specifications and requirements for secure transmission. After completing the identity authentication, the isolation device will transmit the command data to the network area where the inverter is located so that the inverter can receive and execute the corresponding control instructions.

[0084] Specifically, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention includes, in step S104:

[0085] The inverter analyzes the received command to confirm the validity and legality of the command and whether it is directed to the inverter. During the analysis process, the inverter will check the format, content, check code and other information of the command to ensure the integrity and correctness of the command;

[0086] After confirming that the instruction is correct, the inverter will formulate a corresponding reactive output adjustment strategy based on the instruction content. The reactive output adjustment strategy includes adjusting the inverter's output voltage, current, and phase parameters to change its reactive output. During the strategy formulation process, the inverter will consider the current power system's operating status, load conditions, reactive power demand, and its own operating status and constraints.

[0087] The inverter performs adjustment operations according to the established adjustment strategy, which includes adjusting the inverter control algorithm, adjusting the duty cycle or frequency of the PWM waveform, and adjusting the parameters of the output filter. Through the adjustment operation, the inverter can change the reactive component in its output current, thereby supporting reactive power compensation of the power system;

[0088] During and after the adjustment operation, the inverter monitors its reactive output as well as voltage, current, and power factor in real time. If the adjustment result does not meet expectations or there are new changes in the power system, the inverter will make corresponding adjustments or issue an alarm. At the same time, the inverter will also feed back the adjusted operation data and system status information to the automatic voltage control host or other monitoring system for subsequent control optimization and troubleshooting.

[0089] Specifically, the reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication provided by the present invention includes, in step S105:

[0090] The inverter collects data related to its operation adjustment, including but not limited to reactive output, voltage, current, power factor, and comparison data before and after adjustment. These data will serve as the basis for feedback information to evaluate the inverter's response to instructions and the effect of system reactive compensation.

[0091] To ensure the security and integrity of data during transmission, the inverter will encapsulate and encrypt the collected operation data. The encapsulation process packages the data in a preset format so that the automatic voltage control host can correctly parse it; the encryption process uses an encryption algorithm to encrypt the data to prevent the data from being illegally stolen or tampered with during transmission.

[0092] The inverter sends the encapsulated and encrypted operation data to the automatic voltage control host through the communication link established previously. After receiving the operation data fed back by the inverter, the automatic voltage control host verifies the integrity and security of the data. After the verification passes, the automatic voltage control host decrypts the encrypted data and parses the data according to the preset format or protocol to obtain the actual operation status of the inverter and the reactive compensation effect of the system.

[0093] Based on the operating data fed back by the inverter, the automatic voltage control host will conduct subsequent analysis and decision-making work, which includes evaluating the inverter's response speed, adjustment accuracy, and the system's reactive power compensation effect.

[0094] According to the real-time operating status and predicted demand of the system, the control strategy of the inverter is optimized and adjusted; and the existing problems or risks are identified and corresponding countermeasures are formulated. Through these analysis and decision-making work, the automatic voltage control host can ensure the stable operation of the power system and the efficient consumption of new energy.

[0095] The present invention solves the challenges posed by large-scale access of wind energy equipment and photovoltaic equipment in new energy power plants to the power grid to the stability and reliability of the power system, as well as the problems of reduced absorption capacity and transmission stability of new energy, and high overvoltage operation pressure of new energy power systems in the following ways:

[0096] Introducing 5G communication technology: Taking advantage of the high speed, low latency and large connection characteristics of 5G technology, the communication efficiency between photovoltaic inverters and substations and master stations is improved, the latency of information transmission is reduced, and strong support is provided for the rapid response of reactive power dispatch, so that the power system can be adjusted more timely according to the actual operating status of new energy power plants.

[0097] Dynamic reactive power compensation: Dynamic reactive power compensation is performed by controlling the photovoltaic inverter to quickly respond to the reactive power demand of the power system. When the voltage is too high, the inverter can consume excess reactive current; when the voltage is too low, the inverter can be used for reactive power compensation to maintain the voltage stability of the power system.

[0098] Multiple security protection measures: Multiple security protection measures such as identity authentication, data encryption, and security analysis and filtering are adopted during the communication process to ensure the legitimacy and security of command data, prevent malicious attacks and data tampering, and improve the overall safety and stability of the power system.

[0099] Real-time data analysis and decision support: The operating data fed back by the inverter provides real-time information for the automatic voltage control host for subsequent analysis and decision-making. By analyzing these data, the response speed, adjustment accuracy and reactive power compensation effect of the inverter can be evaluated, and the control strategy can be optimized and adjusted according to the actual situation, further improving the operating efficiency of the power system and the ability to absorb new energy.

[0100] Reduce construction and operation costs: By using reactive power compensation methods based on 5G communication, the dependence on traditional reactive power compensation equipment such as SVG can be reduced, thereby saving equipment purchase and operation and maintenance costs. At the same time, using 5G technology to replace traditional communication methods such as optical fiber also reduces the construction and operation costs of new energy stations.

[0101] Enhanced new energy consumption and transmission capacity: The fast and flexible reactive power support mechanism provided by the present invention enhances the adaptability and stability of new energy power plants to the power grid and improves the new energy consumption and transmission capacity. This helps to alleviate the overvoltage operation pressure of high-proportion new energy power systems and improve the utilization rate of new energy power generation.

[0102] In summary, the present invention effectively solves the challenges posed by large-scale access of wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment to the power grid in new energy power plants to the stability and reliability of the power system by introducing 5G communication technology, realizing dynamic reactive power compensation, taking multiple safety protection measures, providing real-time data analysis and decision support, and reducing construction and operation costs.

[0103] The specific implementation steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0104] Step S101: The automatic voltage control host (AVC) sends the instruction data to the isolation device. The isolation device first performs identity authentication on the automatic voltage control host to ensure that the instruction data comes from a legitimate sending end.

[0105] Detailed process of step S101:

[0106] Obtain real-time operating status data of the power system.

[0107] AVC generates reactive power compensation instruction data (including the target reactive power output value of the inverter, adjustment time parameters, etc.) based on real-time operating status data and preset control strategies.

[0108] The AVC sends the generated instruction data to the isolation device in an encrypted or specific format.

[0109] The isolation device performs identity authentication on the AVC (including verification of digital certificates, key matching, and IP address verification).

[0110] After successful identity authentication, the isolation device safely transfers the command data from the network area where the AVC is located to the secure access area.

[0111] Step S102: The industrial security gateway at the boundary protection side of the control room in the secure access area performs security analysis and filtering on the received data, and transmits it via 5G.

[0112] Detailed process of step S102:

[0113] The industrial security gateway receives command data from the isolation device and performs integrity checks and data source verification.

[0114] The gateway performs security analysis on the command data (including decryption and data content inspection) to eliminate potential security threats.

[0115] The gateway forwards the command data that meets the safety requirements to the control device of the renewable energy power plant (such as the local UPF).

[0116] The control device sets 5G communication parameters and sends command data to the 5G base station, which then performs wireless transmission.

[0117] Step S103: At the boundary of the photovoltaic inverter side, the 5G communication management machine receives the data and performs security analysis and filtering again through the industrial security gateway on the photovoltaic sub-array side, and finally completes identity authentication through the isolation device and transmits it to the inverter.

[0118] Detailed process of step S103:

[0119] The 5G communication management machine receives command data from the control device through the 5G wireless network.

[0120] The 5G communication management machine forwards the command data to the industrial security gateway on the photovoltaic sub-array side.

[0121] After the industrial security gateway on the photovoltaic array side performs security analysis and filtering, it sends the command data to the isolation device for identity authentication.

[0122] After the identity authentication is completed, the isolation device transmits the command data to the network area where the inverter is located.

[0123] Step S104: After receiving the instruction, the inverter performs corresponding operation adjustment (including adjusting reactive power output) and feeds back the operation data to the AVC.

[0124] Detailed process of step S104:

[0125] The inverter parses the received instructions to confirm the validity and legality of the instructions.

[0126] According to the instruction content, the inverter formulates a reactive output adjustment strategy and performs adjustment operations (such as adjusting output voltage, current, phase parameters, etc.).

[0127] The inverter monitors the adjustment results in real time and feeds back the operation data and system status information to AVC.

[0128] Step S105: The AVC receives the operation data fed back by the inverter and performs subsequent analysis and decision making.

[0129] Detailed process of step S105:

[0130] AVC verifies the integrity and security of the data fed back by the inverter.

[0131] After verification, AVC decrypts the encrypted data and parses it according to the preset format or protocol.

[0132] Based on the analyzed data, AVC evaluates the inverter's response speed, adjustment accuracy, and the system's reactive power compensation effect.

[0133] Based on the evaluation results, AVC optimizes and adjusts the control strategy and formulates corresponding response measures.

[0134] Through the above steps, the present invention realizes a reactive power compensation method for new energy stations based on 5G communication, which effectively improves the stability of the power system and the absorption capacity of new energy.

[0135] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations, and the above-described embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication, characterized in that: include: Step S101, the automatic voltage control host sends the instruction data to the isolation device, the isolation device performs identity authentication on the instruction data sending end, and after completing the identity authentication, the isolation device transmits the instruction data to the security access area; Step S102: The industrial security gateway at the boundary protection side of the control room in the secure access area performs security analysis and filtering on the received data, and forwards it to the control device of the new energy power plant, and then transmits the data through 5G; Step S103, the 5G communication management machine receives data at the boundary of the photovoltaic inverter side of the security access area, and forwards it to the industrial security gateway on the photovoltaic array side for re-security analysis and filtering. The instruction is transmitted to the inverter after identity authentication is completed through the isolation device; Step S104, after receiving the instruction, the inverter performs corresponding operation adjustment, and the corresponding operation adjustment includes adjusting reactive power output; Step S105 , the inverter feeds back the operation data to the automatic voltage control host for subsequent analysis and decision-making by the automatic voltage control host.

2. The reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S101, it includes: Obtain real-time operating status data of the power system; The automatic voltage control host generates reactive power compensation instruction data according to the real-time operation status data of the power system and the preset control strategy. The reactive power compensation instruction data includes the target reactive power output value and adjustment time parameters of the inverter. The automatic voltage control host sends the generated instruction data to the isolation device in an encrypted or specific format.

3. The reactive power compensation method for new energy stations based on 5G communication as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S101, it also includes: After the isolation device receives the command data from the automatic voltage control host, it first authenticates the automatic voltage control host. The authentication process includes verifying the digital certificate of the automatic voltage control host, key matching, and IP address verification to ensure that the command data does come from a legitimate automatic voltage control host rather than a malicious attacker. If the authentication fails, the isolation device will refuse to receive the command data and record the corresponding security event. If the authentication succeeds, the isolation device will perform secure transmission of the command data.

4. The reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: In step S101, it also includes: Safe transmission of command data. After completing identity authentication, the isolation device safely transfers the command data from the network area where the automatic voltage control host is located to the secure access area. When the command data is successfully transmitted to the secure access area, the isolation device will record a log of successful transmission and feed back the transmission results to the automatic voltage control host or related monitoring system for subsequent operation confirmation and status monitoring.

5. The reactive power compensation method for new energy stations based on 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S102, it includes: The industrial security gateway at the boundary protection of the control room side of the secure access area receives the command data from the isolation device. After receiving the data, the gateway performs a data integrity check to check whether the data packet is complete and whether there is any damage or tampering. At the same time, the gateway also verifies whether the source of the data is legal to ensure that the data is indeed from the isolation device that has been authenticated. After preliminary verification, the industrial security gateway performs security analysis on the command data. The security analysis includes decrypting the encryption layer of the data and checking and analyzing the data content. The gateway checks whether the data contains malicious code, viruses, illegal instructions or other potential security threats. At the same time, the gateway also filters the data according to preset security rules and policies to eliminate parts that do not meet security requirements.

6. The reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S102, it also includes: After security analysis and filtering, the industrial security gateway forwards the command data that meets the security requirements to the control device of the new energy power plant. During the forwarding process, the gateway encrypts the data again. At the same time, the gateway records the time, destination address, and data size of the data forwarding; After the data is forwarded to the control device, the 5G communication frequency band, modulation mode, coding mode and parameter settings of the 5G communication equipment are set. The control device sends the command data to the 5G base station, which wirelessly transmits it to the 5G communication management machine on the photovoltaic inverter side.

7. The reactive power compensation method for new energy stations based on 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S103, it includes: At the boundary of the photovoltaic inverter side, the 5G communication management machine receives command data from the control device through the 5G wireless network. The 5G communication management machine is used to monitor specific frequency bands and channels in the 5G network.

8. The reactive power compensation method for a new energy station based on 5G communication as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step S103, it also includes: After confirming that the data is complete and correct, the 5G communication management machine forwards the command data to the industrial security gateway on the photovoltaic array side; After the industrial security gateway on the PV array side receives the data, it checks whether the command data meets the inverter's control requirements and whether there are potential security threats; After security analysis and filtering, the industrial security gateway sends the command data to the isolation device for identity authentication. The isolation device will check the source, format, content, etc. of the data to ensure that the command data does come from a legitimate and authorized control center. After completing the identity authentication, the isolation device will transmit the command data to the network area where the inverter is located.

9. The reactive power compensation method for new energy stations based on 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S104, it includes: The inverter analyzes the received command to confirm the validity and legality of the command and whether it is directed to the inverter. During the analysis process, the inverter will check the format, content, check code and other information of the command to ensure the integrity and correctness of the command; After confirming that the instruction is correct, the inverter will formulate a corresponding reactive output adjustment strategy based on the instruction content. The reactive output adjustment strategy includes adjusting the output voltage, current, and phase parameters of the inverter to change its reactive output; The inverter performs adjustment operations according to the formulated adjustment strategy. The adjustment operations include adjusting the control algorithm of the inverter, adjusting the duty cycle or frequency of the PWM waveform, and adjusting the parameters of the output filter. Through the adjustment operations, the inverter can change the reactive component in its output current, thereby supporting reactive power compensation of the power system. During and after the adjustment operation, the inverter monitors its reactive output as well as voltage, current, and power factor in real time. If the adjustment result does not meet expectations or there are new changes in the power system, the inverter will make corresponding adjustments or issue an alarm. At the same time, the inverter will also feed back the adjusted operation data and system status information to the automatic voltage control host.

10. The reactive power compensation method for new energy stations based on 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S105, it includes: The inverter collects data related to its operation adjustment, including but not limited to reactive output, voltage, current, power factor, and comparison data before and after adjustment; The inverter will encapsulate and encrypt the collected operation data. The encapsulation process packages the data according to the preset format, and the encryption process encrypts the data using an encryption algorithm. The inverter sends the encapsulated and encrypted operation data to the automatic voltage control host through the previously established communication link. After receiving the operation data fed back by the inverter, the automatic voltage control host performs a data integrity and security check. After the check passes, the automatic voltage control host decrypts the encrypted data and parses the data according to the preset format or protocol to obtain the actual operation status of the inverter and the reactive power compensation effect of the system; Based on the operating data fed back by the inverter, the automatic voltage control host will conduct subsequent analysis and decision-making work, which includes evaluating the inverter's response speed, adjustment accuracy, and the system's reactive power compensation effect.

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