Bidirectional daisy chain communication system and communication method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a daisy chain two-way communication system and a communication method, which are applied to a centralized battery management system, the centralized battery management system comprises a plurality of acquisition devices for correspondingly monitoring battery packs, and the system comprises a daisy chain communication chain formed by connecting the acquisition devices in series; the chain head and the chain tail of the daisy chain communication chain are respectively connected to different communication interfaces of the same main controller through corresponding bridging devices; and the main controller is used for performing data write operation or read operation on each acquisition device from different directions based on each bridging device. According to the scheme, the overall power consumption of the system is reduced, and the power consumption of each acquisition device does not need to be balanced by adding redundant data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a daisy chain two-way communication system and a daisy chain two-way communication method. Background Art

[0002] Among the existing daisy chain bidirectional communication technologies, it is widely used in centralized battery management systems (BMS) in large energy storage systems. This system relies on a daisy chain structure to connect multiple analog front-end (AFE) acquisition devices, and accesses each acquisition device through a main control unit. However, there are several significant problems with the existing technology, mainly concentrated in the two aspects of uneven data processing power consumption and high overall system power consumption.

[0003] First, in the daisy chain structure, since each acquisition device needs to forward the received data to the next-level device, there is an imbalance in the amount of data processed by different acquisition devices. This imbalance leads to differences in the power consumption of each acquisition device, which causes uneven battery power consumption. During the write operation, the write command sent by the main control unit is passed to each acquisition device step by step, but the amount of data actually processed by each acquisition device is different, especially the acquisition device close to the main control unit processes the largest amount of data, resulting in its power consumption being significantly higher than other devices. Similarly, during the read operation, the acquisition device far away from the main control unit only needs to return its own data, while the acquisition device close to the main control unit also needs to forward the data of subsequent devices, which also leads to uneven power consumption of the read operation.

[0004] In order to alleviate the above problems, the prior art attempts to increase redundant data so that the amount of data processed by each acquisition device is consistent, so as to achieve balanced power consumption. However, although this method solves the problem of uneven power consumption to a certain extent, it also leads to an increase in the overall power consumption of the system, especially when a large amount of data transmission is required, the efficiency and energy consumption performance of the system become even more unsatisfactory.

[0005] Therefore, the existing daisy chain communication scheme has significant deficiencies in power consumption management, which are as follows: 1) the power consumption of the acquisition device is unbalanced during the write and read operations; 2) the redundant data added to balance the power consumption leads to an increase in the overall energy consumption of the system. The existence of the above problems not only affects the energy efficiency of the system, but also has an adverse effect on the battery life and system stability. To address this problem, a new daisy chain communication scheme needs to be proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a daisy chain bidirectional communication system and communication solution to at least solve the problems of uneven data processing power consumption and high overall system power consumption in existing daisy chain communication solutions.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a daisy chain bidirectional communication system, which is applied to a centralized battery management system, wherein the centralized battery management system includes multiple acquisition devices corresponding to monitoring each battery pack, and the system includes: a daisy chain communication chain formed by each acquisition device connected in series; the head and the tail of the daisy chain communication chain are respectively connected to different communication interfaces of the same main controller through corresponding bridge devices; the main controller is used to perform data write operations or read operations on each acquisition device from different directions based on each bridge device.

[0008] Optionally, each acquisition device includes at least two differential daisy-chain interfaces; adjacent acquisition devices communicate in series through the differential daisy-chain interfaces; each adjacent acquisition device is provided with an isolation circuit for performing voltage isolation between adjacent acquisition devices; the bridge device is configured with a pulse coding protocol for converting access data of the main controller into differential daisy-chain interface data; each bridge device communicates with the corresponding bridge device at the head of the chain and the bridge device at the end of the chain through the differential daisy-chain interfaces.

[0009] Optionally, the main controller performs data write operations on each acquisition device according to the following rules: based on the data write operation task, determine whether the write operation is a single acquisition device write operation or a write operation for all acquisition devices; if the write operation is a single acquisition device write operation, determine the position of the target acquisition device in the daisy chain communication chain based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; if the target acquisition device is located in the front half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, determine the data flow direction of the write operation from the head to the tail of the daisy chain communication chain; if the target acquisition device is located in the front half of the daisy chain communication chain, determine the data flow direction of the write operation from the head to the tail of the daisy chain communication chain; if the target acquisition device is located in the front half of the daisy chain communication chain For the acquisition device located in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, the data flow direction of the write operation is determined to be from the end of the daisy chain communication chain to the beginning of the chain; based on the determined data flow direction of the write operation, a write operation data packet is sent based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; based on the connection sequence of the acquisition devices, after each acquisition device receives the write operation command step by step, it parses the corresponding device ID based on the write operation data packet and compares it with its own device ID. If there is no match, the write operation instruction is forwarded to the next acquisition device according to the determined data flow direction of the write operation; if there is a match, data writing is performed based on the substitute write data in the write operation data packet.

[0010] Optionally, if this write operation is a write operation for all acquisition devices, the rules for the main controller to perform data write operations on each acquisition device are: generate a broadcast type write command, and construct a write operation data packet based on the write command and the data to be written; forward the write operation data packet step by step based on the daisy chain communication chain, and after each acquisition device obtains the corresponding write command based on the write operation data packet parsing, it executes the corresponding write data writing based on the write operations of all acquisition devices indicated by the write command; at the same time, the corresponding acquisition device forwards the write operation data packet to the next acquisition device.

[0011] Optionally, the main controller performs a rule for performing data read operations on each acquisition device as follows: a data read operation is performed in sequence in different directions based on a polling manner; wherein, when performing the data read operation, a data read command is issued to the first acquisition device based on the direction of this data read operation, so as to forward the data read command from the first acquisition device step by step until the data read command flows to the last acquisition device; the last acquisition device uploads the target data to the previous acquisition device based on the data read command, so that the previous acquisition device can merge its own target data and pass the target data upward step by step until the target data of each acquisition device flows to the first acquisition device; the first acquisition device transmits all target data back to the main controller, completes this round of data read operation, and switches the direction of the data read operation.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides a daisy chain bidirectional communication method, which is applied to a centralized battery management system. The centralized battery management system includes multiple acquisition devices corresponding to monitoring each battery pack. The method is implemented based on the above-mentioned daisy chain bidirectional communication system. The method is executed by a main controller, and the method includes: generating corresponding data access commands based on current data access requirements; wherein the data access requirements include data write operation requirements and data read operation requirements; determining the data access direction, and issuing the data access command based on the data access direction; forwarding the data access command step by step based on a daisy chain communication chain composed of each acquisition device connected in series, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command.

[0013] Optionally, if the current data access demand is a data write operation demand, the daisy chain communication chain formed by the series connection of each acquisition device forwards the data access command step by step, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command, including: judging whether this write operation is a single acquisition device write operation or a write operation for all acquisition devices based on the data write operation task; if this write operation is a single acquisition device write operation, judging the position of the target acquisition device in the daisy chain communication chain based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; if the position of the target acquisition device in the daisy chain communication chain is located in the front half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, determining the data flow direction of the write operation as From the beginning to the end of the daisy chain communication chain; if the target acquisition device is located in the rear half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, the data flow direction of the write operation is determined to be from the end to the beginning of the daisy chain communication chain; based on the determined data flow direction of the write operation, a write operation data packet is sent based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; based on the connection sequence of the acquisition devices, after each acquisition device receives the write operation command step by step, it parses the corresponding device ID based on the write operation data packet and compares it with its own device ID. If there is no match, the write operation instruction is forwarded to the next acquisition device according to the determined data flow direction of the write operation; if there is a match, data writing is performed based on the substitute write data in the write operation data packet.

[0014] Optionally, if this write operation is a write operation for all acquisition devices, the daisy chain communication chain formed by the series connection of each acquisition device forwards the data access command step by step, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command, including: generating a broadcast type write command, and constructing a write operation data packet based on the write command and the data to be written; forwarding the write operation data packet step by step based on the daisy chain communication chain, and after each acquisition device obtains the corresponding write command based on the write operation data packet, it executes the corresponding write data writing based on the write operation of all acquisition devices indicated by the write command; at the same time, the corresponding acquisition device forwards the write operation data packet to the next acquisition device.

[0015] Optionally, if the current data access requirement is a data read operation requirement, the daisy chain communication chain formed by the series connection of each acquisition device forwards the data access command step by step, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command, including: performing a data read operation in different directions in sequence based on a polling manner; wherein, when performing the data read operation, based on the direction of this data read operation, a data read command is issued to the first acquisition device, so as to forward the data read command backward from the first acquisition device step by step until the data read command flows to the last acquisition device; the last acquisition device uploads the target data to the previous acquisition device based on the data read command, so that the previous acquisition device merges its own target data and passes the target data upward step by step until the target data of each acquisition device flows to the first acquisition device; the first acquisition device transmits all target data back to the main controller, completes this round of data read operation, and switches the direction of the data read operation.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which instructions are stored, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the above-mentioned daisy chain bidirectional communication method.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the scheme of the present invention realizes bidirectional transmission of data by connecting the daisy chain communication chain composed of each acquisition device in series with two different communication interfaces of the main controller. The head and tail of the daisy chain communication chain are connected to the same main controller through corresponding bridge devices respectively. This design allows the main controller to write and read data from each acquisition device in the daisy chain from two directions at the same time. This bidirectional access architecture has significant technical effects. First, it effectively solves the problem of uneven power consumption caused by uneven data processing in traditional one-way communication. Through bidirectional transmission, the main controller can distribute the workload of each acquisition device more evenly, ensuring that the amount of data processed by each acquisition device is relatively consistent, thereby achieving a balanced distribution of power consumption. Secondly, this architecture reduces the overall power consumption of the system because it is no longer necessary to balance the power consumption of each acquisition device by adding redundant data. Ultimately, this design improves the energy efficiency of the system and extends the service life of the battery management system, providing a more optimized and reliable solution for battery management in large-scale energy storage systems.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a system structure diagram of a daisy chain bidirectional communication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of polling rules for data read operations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the steps of a daisy chain bidirectional communication method provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a system structure diagram of a daisy chain bidirectional communication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a daisy chain bidirectional communication system, the system comprising: a daisy chain communication chain formed by serially connecting various acquisition devices; the head and tail of the daisy chain communication chain are respectively connected to different communication interfaces of the same main controller through corresponding bridge devices; the main controller is used to perform data write operations or read operations on each acquisition device from different directions based on each bridge device.

[0025] The scheme of the present invention realizes bidirectional data transmission by connecting the daisy chain communication chain composed of each acquisition device in series with two different communication interfaces of the main controller. The head and tail of the daisy chain communication chain are connected to the same main controller through corresponding bridge devices respectively. This design allows the main controller to write and read data from each acquisition device in the daisy chain from two directions at the same time. This bidirectional access architecture has significant technical effects. First, it effectively solves the problem of uneven power consumption caused by uneven data processing in traditional one-way communication. Through bidirectional transmission, the main controller can distribute the workload of each acquisition device more evenly, ensuring that the amount of data processed by each acquisition device is relatively consistent, thereby achieving a balanced distribution of power consumption. Secondly, this architecture reduces the overall power consumption of the system because it is no longer necessary to balance the power consumption of each acquisition device by adding redundant data. Ultimately, this design improves the energy efficiency of the system and extends the service life of the battery management system, providing a more optimized and reliable solution for battery management in large-scale energy storage systems.

[0026] Preferably, each acquisition device includes at least two differential daisy-chain interfaces; adjacent acquisition devices communicate in series through the differential daisy-chain interfaces; each adjacent acquisition device is provided with an isolation circuit for performing voltage isolation between adjacent acquisition devices; the bridge device is configured with a pulse coding protocol for converting access data of the main controller into differential daisy-chain interface data; each bridge device communicates with the corresponding bridge device at the head of the chain and the bridge device at the end of the chain through the differential daisy-chain interfaces.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, each acquisition device includes at least two differential daisy-chain interfaces. The main function of these differential daisy-chain interfaces is to realize serial communication between adjacent acquisition devices. Through this differential communication mode, data can be stably transmitted in the daisy chain network without being affected by external noise and electromagnetic interference. Compared with traditional single-ended signal transmission, differential signals have stronger anti-interference ability, so they have significant advantages in long-distance communication. This design greatly improves the reliability of the entire system during data transmission, and can better meet the high requirements of large-scale energy storage systems for data accuracy and stability.

[0028] Furthermore, an isolation circuit is provided between each adjacent acquisition device to perform voltage isolation. The original intention of this design is to ensure that the voltages between the acquisition devices do not interfere with each other and prevent system failures caused by voltage fluctuations or inconsistencies. In practical applications, different battery modules in the battery management system may have different voltage levels. If there are no effective isolation measures, it may cause distortion of communication signals and even cause the collapse of the entire system. By introducing an isolation circuit, each acquisition device can maintain an independent electrical environment to ensure the stable operation of the system. This measure not only improves the safety of the system, but also extends the service life of the equipment and reduces the maintenance cost of the system.

[0029] Furthermore, in the communication between the main controller and the acquisition device, the bridge device plays a key role. The scheme of the present invention is specially configured with a pulse coding protocol for converting the access data of the main controller into differential daisy chain interface data. The pulse coding protocol is a coding method that can reliably transmit data in a high-noise environment. It converts the original digital signal into a series of pulse signals. In this way, the data can effectively resist external interference during transmission and maintain the integrity of the data. Through this conversion process, the main controller can communicate with each acquisition device accurately and quickly, and both read and write operations can be performed efficiently and accurately in a complex electrical environment.

[0030] Furthermore, in the design of the daisy chain communication chain, the bridge device not only connects to the main controller, but also communicates with the bridge devices at the head and tail of the chain through differential daisy chain interfaces. This two-way communication design enables the system to access each acquisition device from two directions at the same time, thereby further improving the communication efficiency and reliability of the system. Compared with one-way access, this two-way communication mode can distribute the load of each acquisition device more evenly, avoiding the problem of uneven power consumption caused by overloading of certain nodes. In addition, two-way communication also provides the possibility for redundant design of the system, that is, when a communication link in one direction fails, the system can continue to work normally through the other direction, improving the fault tolerance and stability of the system.

[0031] Based on the scheme of the present invention, the scheme of the present invention successfully improves the anti-interference ability of the system and the stability of data transmission by introducing a differential daisy-chain interface and an isolation circuit between each acquisition device, combined with a pulse coding protocol and a two-way communication design. This design not only effectively reduces the power consumption of the system, but also improves the safety and reliability of the system, providing a solid technical guarantee for the stable operation of large-scale energy storage systems. Ultimately, this optimized design will bring higher efficiency and longer service life to the battery management system, while also reducing operating and maintenance costs, and has broad application prospects in the field of energy management.

[0032] Preferably, the data packet format of the write operation is 16-bit command + 8-bit command check code + 32-bit write data + 8-bit data check code. The data packet format of the read operation is 16-bit command + 8-bit command check code + 32-bit data + 8-bit data check code. Each acquisition device returns a 32-bit data + 8-bit data check code. The total number of read data is the same as the number of acquisition devices. The command check code and the data check code have the same verification method, which can use CRC8 or other verification methods.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, by equipping the command and data with check codes respectively and using the same check method, such as CRC8, this design can effectively detect and correct errors that may occur during data transmission. CRC8 (cyclic redundancy check) is a commonly used error detection algorithm that generates check codes by performing polynomial operations on data, thereby being able to capture most transmission errors. This mechanism is particularly suitable for application scenarios with long data links or high environmental noise, and can significantly improve the anti-interference ability of the system. The structured command and data check codes ensure high reliability of data transmission and reduce the risk of data loss or errors caused by transmission errors. The uniformity and simplicity of this format simplifies the design and implementation process of the system, making the operation of the system more efficient in practical applications. In addition, by adopting check methods such as CRC8, the system can achieve efficient error detection and repair without increasing significant computational burden, thereby improving the stability and security of the overall system.

[0034] Preferably, the main controller performs data write operations on each acquisition device according to the following rules: based on the data write operation task, determine whether this write operation is a single acquisition device write operation or a write operation for all acquisition devices; if this write operation is a single acquisition device write operation, determine the position of the target acquisition device in the daisy chain communication chain based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; if the position of the target acquisition device in the daisy chain communication chain is located in the front half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, determine the data flow direction of the write operation is from the head to the tail of the daisy chain communication chain ... For the acquisition device located in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, the data flow direction of the write operation is determined to be from the end of the daisy chain communication chain to the beginning of the chain; based on the determined data flow direction of the write operation, a write operation data packet is sent based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; based on the connection sequence of the acquisition devices, after each acquisition device receives the write operation command step by step, it parses the corresponding device ID based on the write operation data packet and compares it with its own device ID. If there is no match, the write operation instruction is forwarded to the next acquisition device according to the determined data flow direction of the write operation; if there is a match, data writing is performed based on the substitute write data in the write operation data packet.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, when executing a data write operation, the main controller in the scheme will first determine whether the operation is a write operation for a single acquisition device or a write operation for all acquisition devices based on the current data write operation task. If the operation target is a single acquisition device, the system will further determine the specific position of the device in the daisy chain communication chain based on the device ID of the target acquisition device. For the target acquisition device in the front half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, the main controller determines the data flow direction of the write operation as from the head of the chain to the end of the chain; and for the acquisition device in the second half, the data flow direction is from the end of the chain to the head of the chain. Through this data flow direction that is dynamically adjusted according to the position, the system can significantly reduce the transmission distance of data in the link, thereby improving the speed and efficiency of the write operation.

[0036] Furthermore, once the data flow direction is determined, the main controller generates a write operation data packet based on the device ID of the target acquisition device and sends it to the daisy chain communication chain. Each acquisition device receives the write operation command step by step according to the connection order and parses the device ID in the data packet. If the ID does not match the ID of the current acquisition device, the acquisition device will forward the write operation instruction to the next acquisition device according to the predetermined data flow direction; if the ID matches, the acquisition device will perform a write operation based on the data in the data packet.

[0037] Based on the solution of the present invention, by intelligently judging the data flow direction, the system can optimize the data transmission path in each write operation, reduce the data transmission distance in the link, and thus greatly improve the communication speed. This is especially important for large-scale daisy chain networks because it can effectively avoid delays caused by long data transmission distances. At the same time, this location-based flow judgment can also reduce the overall power consumption of the system. In the traditional daisy chain structure, data usually needs to pass through all nodes for transmission, which not only increases the transmission time, but also causes uneven power consumption of each node. With this technical solution, data only needs to pass through a part of the nodes, thereby achieving a balanced distribution of power consumption and reducing unnecessary energy consumption.

[0038] Furthermore, the write operation strategy of the scheme of the present invention greatly improves the reliability of the system. Since the write operation command is transmitted step by step, and each node performs ID matching, only the target node performs the write operation, and this mechanism effectively avoids the erroneous writing of data. In addition, even if a node fails, the system can continue to transmit data through other paths, thereby improving the fault tolerance and stability of the system. The dynamic flow adjustment in the scheme of the present invention enables the system to have higher flexibility. In different application scenarios, whether facing a large amount of data write operations or directional operations on a single node, the system can be optimally configured according to actual needs, thereby ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the operation.

[0039] Preferably, if this write operation is a write operation for all acquisition devices, the rules for the main controller to perform data write operations on each acquisition device are: generate a broadcast type write command, and construct a write operation data packet based on the write command and the data to be written; forward the write operation data packet step by step based on the daisy chain communication chain, and after each acquisition device obtains the corresponding write command based on the write operation data packet, it executes the corresponding write data writing based on the write operations of all acquisition devices indicated by the write command; at the same time, the corresponding acquisition device forwards the write operation data packet to the next acquisition device.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the main controller needs to perform a data write operation on all acquisition devices, a broadcast type write command strategy is adopted. The working principle of this strategy is: the main controller first generates a broadcast type write command, and then constructs a write operation data packet based on the command and the data to be written. This data packet is sent to the daisy chain communication chain and forwarded step by step between the various acquisition devices on the link. After each acquisition device receives the data packet, it will parse the write command therein, write data to itself according to the instructions of the command, and continue to pass the data packet to the next acquisition device.

[0041] Based on the solution of the present invention, this broadcast type write operation strategy has the following significant technical effects:

[0042] 1) The process of writing to all acquisition devices is greatly simplified. In traditional point-to-point communication, the main controller needs to write to each acquisition device one by one. However, through broadcasting, the system only needs to send a data packet once to achieve synchronous writing to all acquisition devices. This not only improves operational efficiency and reduces the burden on the main controller, but also significantly shortens the overall data writing time.

[0043] 2) This broadcast write operation strategy can ensure the synchronization of data among various acquisition devices. Since all acquisition devices write data based on the same write operation data packet, it can avoid the problem of asynchrony caused by operation delay or different order. This is a great advantage for systems that need to maintain data consistency on multiple nodes.

[0044] 3) Through the mechanism of forwarding at each level, the scheme also enhances the reliability and fault tolerance of the system. Even if a certain acquisition device fails, the previous level acquisition device can still forward the data packet to the next node, thus ensuring the completion of data writing to the greatest extent. This design improves the stability of the system while reducing the risk of data writing failure caused by single point failure.

[0045] Preferably, the main controller performs a rule of data reading operation on each acquisition device as follows: a data reading operation is performed in sequence in different directions based on a polling manner; wherein, when performing the data reading operation, a data reading command is issued to the first acquisition device based on the direction of this data reading operation, so as to forward the data reading command from the first acquisition device step by step backward until the data reading command flows to the last acquisition device; the last acquisition device uploads the target data to the previous acquisition device based on the data reading command, so that the previous acquisition device can merge its own target data and pass the target data upward step by step until the target data of each acquisition device flows to the first acquisition device; the first acquisition device transmits all target data back to the main controller, completes this round of data reading operation, and switches the direction of the data reading operation.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 , when performing a data read operation, the main controller will first select a direction and send a data read command to the first acquisition device in the daisy chain communication chain through this direction. After the command is received by the first acquisition device, it will be passed back step by step until the command reaches the last acquisition device on the link. After receiving the data read command, each acquisition device will judge its content according to the command type and then return its own target data. At the same time, these acquisition devices will also merge the data returned by the next level acquisition device and pass it up step by step until all data flows back to the first acquisition device. Finally, the first acquisition device returns all the merged target data to the main controller, thus completing this round of data read operation. Subsequently, the main controller will switch the direction of the data read operation and repeat the above process. In this way, the data transmission volume of all acquisition devices in two adjacent read operations is the same, which means that the system power consumption of each acquisition device is balanced in the same cycle.

[0047] Based on the scheme of the present invention, since the polling operation is performed alternately from two directions, the first acquisition device in the first read operation will become the last acquisition device in the second operation, and the last acquisition device will become the first. This alternation of roles ensures that the data transmission and forwarding amount of each acquisition device in the two rounds of operation are exactly the same. Therefore, as long as the number of polling times is an even number, the power consumption of all acquisition devices can be made completely consistent. This balanced power consumption distribution is of key significance to the overall stability and life of the system. In the traditional daisy chain structure, since some acquisition devices may need to frequently transmit or receive a large amount of data, the power consumption of these nodes is often higher than that of other nodes, which leads to uneven energy consumption of the system and even affects the long-term operation of the equipment. In this scheme, by rotating the direction of the data read operation, each acquisition device can evenly share the burden of data transmission, thereby avoiding premature aging or failure of some nodes due to excessive consumption.

[0048] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a daisy chain bidirectional communication method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a daisy chain bidirectional communication method, the method comprising:

[0049] Step S10: Generate a corresponding data access command based on the current data access requirement.

[0050] Step S20: Determine the data access direction, and issue the data access command based on the data access direction.

[0051] Step S30: forwarding the data access command step by step based on the daisy chain communication chain formed by the acquisition devices connected in series, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command.

[0052] Optionally, if the current data access demand is a data write operation demand, the daisy chain communication chain formed by the series connection of each acquisition device forwards the data access command step by step, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command, including: judging whether this write operation is a single acquisition device write operation or a write operation for all acquisition devices based on the data write operation task; if this write operation is a single acquisition device write operation, judging the position of the target acquisition device in the daisy chain communication chain based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; if the position of the target acquisition device in the daisy chain communication chain is located in the front half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, determining the data flow direction of the write operation as From the beginning to the end of the daisy chain communication chain; if the target acquisition device is located in the rear half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, the data flow direction of the write operation is determined to be from the end to the beginning of the daisy chain communication chain; based on the determined data flow direction of the write operation, a write operation data packet is sent based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; based on the connection sequence of the acquisition devices, after each acquisition device receives the write operation command step by step, it parses the corresponding device ID based on the write operation data packet and compares it with its own device ID. If there is no match, the write operation instruction is forwarded to the next acquisition device according to the determined data flow direction of the write operation; if there is a match, data writing is performed based on the substitute write data in the write operation data packet.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, when a single acquisition device writes, the device ID is reflected in the write command, that is, the write command specifies the device ID corresponding to the access. When the main controller issues a write command, the command has clearly specified the device ID to be accessed for this operation. The key to this design is that it allows the write command to be passed step by step along the daisy chain communication chain, and each acquisition device can determine whether the operation is for itself by parsing the device ID in the command. If the device ID in the command matches the ID of the current acquisition device, the acquisition device will perform the corresponding data write operation; otherwise, it will continue to forward the command to the next acquisition device.

[0054] Based on the scheme of the present invention, the accuracy and efficiency of the write operation are greatly improved. By directly specifying the device ID in the write command, the main controller can ensure that the data is accurately written to the target acquisition device, avoiding unnecessary data transmission and waste of system resources. Secondly, this precise positioning mechanism also helps to reduce power consumption, because only the target acquisition device needs to perform the write operation, and other acquisition devices simply forward the command, reducing the energy consumption of the entire system. In addition, the design can also enhance the flexibility and scalability of the system, making it more convenient and efficient to perform directional data writing in complex distributed systems. Through this mechanism, the system can maintain low power consumption while ensuring efficient operation, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and improving overall performance.

[0055] Optionally, if this write operation is a write operation for all acquisition devices, the daisy chain communication chain formed by the series connection of each acquisition device forwards the data access command step by step, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command, including: generating a broadcast type write command, and constructing a write operation data packet based on the write command and the data to be written; forwarding the write operation data packet step by step based on the daisy chain communication chain, and after each acquisition device obtains the corresponding write command based on the write operation data packet, it executes the corresponding write data writing based on the write operation of all acquisition devices indicated by the write command; at the same time, the corresponding acquisition device forwards the write operation data packet to the next acquisition device.

[0056] Optionally, if the current data access requirement is a data read operation requirement, the daisy chain communication chain formed by the series connection of each acquisition device forwards the data access command step by step, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command, including: performing a data read operation in different directions in sequence based on a polling manner; wherein, when performing the data read operation, based on the direction of this data read operation, a data read command is issued to the first acquisition device, so as to forward the data read command backward from the first acquisition device step by step until the data read command flows to the last acquisition device; the last acquisition device uploads the target data to the previous acquisition device based on the data read command, so that the previous acquisition device merges its own target data and passes the target data upward step by step until the target data of each acquisition device flows to the first acquisition device; the first acquisition device transmits all target data back to the main controller, completes this round of data read operation, and switches the direction of the data read operation.

[0057] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which instructions are stored, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the above-mentioned daisy chain bidirectional communication method.

[0058] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the program is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for making a single-chip microcomputer, a chip or a processor (processor) perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0059] The optional embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0060] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A daisy chain bidirectional communication system, applied to a centralized battery management system, wherein the centralized battery management system includes a plurality of acquisition devices corresponding to monitoring each battery pack, characterized in that: The system comprises: A daisy chain communication chain consisting of various acquisition devices connected in series; The chain head and the chain tail of the daisy chain communication chain are respectively connected to different communication interfaces of the same main controller through corresponding bridge devices; The main controller is used to perform data writing or reading operations on each acquisition device from different directions based on each bridge device.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that Each acquisition device includes at least two differential daisy-chain interfaces; Each adjacent acquisition device communicates in series via a differential daisy-chain interface; Each adjacent collection device is provided with an isolation circuit for performing voltage isolation between the adjacent collection devices; The bridge device is configured with a pulse coding protocol for converting access data from the main controller into differential daisy-chain interface data; Each bridge device communicates with the corresponding bridge device at the head of the chain and the bridge device at the end of the chain through a differential daisy-chain interface.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The rules for the main controller to perform data write operations on each acquisition device are: Based on the data write operation task, determine whether this write operation is a single acquisition device write operation or a write operation for all acquisition devices; If this write operation is a single acquisition device write operation, the position of the target acquisition device in the daisy chain communication chain is determined based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; If the target acquisition device is located in the front half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, the data flow direction of the write operation is determined to be from the head to the tail of the daisy chain communication chain; If the target acquisition device is located in the rear half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, the data flow direction of the write operation is determined to be from the end of the daisy chain communication chain to the beginning of the chain; Based on the determined data flow direction of the write operation, a write operation data packet is sent based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; Based on the connection sequence of the acquisition devices, after each acquisition device receives the write operation command step by step, it parses the corresponding device ID based on the write operation data packet and compares it with its own device ID. If they do not match, the write operation instruction is forwarded to the next acquisition device according to the determined data flow direction of the write operation; If they match, data writing is performed based on the substitute write data in the write operation data packet.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that If this write operation is a write operation for all acquisition devices, the rules for the main controller to perform data write operations on each acquisition device are: Generate a broadcast type write command, and construct a write operation data packet based on the write command and the data to be written; The write operation data packet is forwarded level by level based on the daisy chain communication chain. After each acquisition device obtains the corresponding write command based on the write operation data packet, the corresponding write data is written based on the write operation of all acquisition devices indicated by the write command. At the same time, The corresponding acquisition device forwards the write operation data packet to the next acquisition device.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The rules for the main controller to perform data reading operations on each acquisition device are: Based on the polling method, a data read operation is performed in different directions in turn; When performing a data read operation, based on the direction of this data read operation, a data read command is issued to the first acquisition device, so that the data read command is forwarded backward from the first acquisition device step by step until the data read command flows to the last acquisition device; The last acquisition device uploads the target data to the previous acquisition device based on the data read command, so that the previous acquisition device merges its own target data and transmits the target data upward step by step until the target data of each acquisition device flows to the first acquisition device; The first acquisition device transmits all target data back to the main controller, completes the current round of data reading operation, and switches the direction of the data reading operation.

6. A daisy chain bidirectional communication method, applied to a centralized battery management system, wherein the centralized battery management system includes a plurality of acquisition devices corresponding to monitoring each battery pack, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the daisy chain bidirectional communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the method is executed by a main controller, and the method includes: Based on the current data access requirements, the corresponding data access commands are generated; wherein, The data access requirements include data write operation requirements and data read operation requirements; Determine a data access direction, and issue the data access command based on the data access direction; The data access command is forwarded level by level based on a daisy chain communication chain formed by serially connecting the acquisition devices, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that If the current data access requirement is a data write operation requirement, the daisy chain communication chain formed by serially connecting the acquisition devices forwards the data access command level by level, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command, including: Based on the data write operation task, determine whether this write operation is a single acquisition device write operation or a write operation for all acquisition devices; If this write operation is a single acquisition device write operation, the position of the target acquisition device in the daisy chain communication chain is determined based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; If the target acquisition device is located in the front half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, the data flow direction of the write operation is determined to be from the head to the tail of the daisy chain communication chain; If the target acquisition device is located in the rear half of the acquisition device in the middle of the daisy chain communication chain, the data flow direction of the write operation is determined to be from the end of the daisy chain communication chain to the beginning of the chain; Based on the determined data flow direction of the write operation, a write operation data packet is sent based on the device ID of the target acquisition device; Based on the connection sequence of the acquisition devices, after each acquisition device receives the write operation command step by step, it parses the corresponding device ID based on the write operation data packet and compares it with its own device ID. If they do not match, the write operation instruction is forwarded to the next acquisition device according to the determined data flow direction of the write operation; If they match, data writing is performed based on the substitute write data in the write operation data packet.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that If the write operation is a write operation for all acquisition devices, the daisy chain communication chain formed by serially connecting the acquisition devices forwards the data access command level by level, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command, including: Generate a broadcast type write command, and construct a write operation data packet based on the write command and the data to be written; The write operation data packet is forwarded level by level based on the daisy chain communication chain. After each acquisition device obtains the corresponding write command based on the write operation data packet, the corresponding write data is written based on the write operation of all acquisition devices indicated by the write command. At the same time, The corresponding acquisition device forwards the write operation data packet to the next acquisition device.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that If the current data access requirement is a data read operation requirement, the daisy chain communication chain formed by serially connecting the acquisition devices forwards the data access command step by step, so that when the data access instruction flows to the target acquisition device, the corresponding target acquisition device executes the data access command, including: Based on the polling method, a data read operation is performed in different directions in turn; When performing a data read operation, based on the direction of this data read operation, a data read command is issued to the first acquisition device, so that the data read command is forwarded backward from the first acquisition device step by step until the data read command flows to the last acquisition device; The last acquisition device uploads the target data to the previous acquisition device based on the data read command, so that the previous acquisition device merges its own target data and transmits the target data upward step by step until the target data of each acquisition device flows to the first acquisition device; The first acquisition device transmits all target data back to the main controller, completes the current round of data reading operation, and switches the direction of the data reading operation.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the daisy chain bidirectional communication method described in any one of claims 6 to 9.

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