Mural hollowing knocking detection equipment and method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses mural hollowing knocking detection equipment and a mural hollowing knocking detection method, and relates to the technical field of nondestructive detection. The problem that an existing wall-knocking sound distinguishing method depends on personal inference insufficiently can be solved. Comprising a knocking detection mechanism, a lifting translation mechanism and a portal frame, the knocking detection mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a knocking device, a distance measuring device, a first control device and a second control device; a first supporting plate is fixedly installed on the lower portion of the bottom plate, a second supporting plate is fixedly installed on the upper portion of the bottom plate, and a partition plate is arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate. The knocking device is fixedly connected to the first supporting plate, the distance measuring device is fixedly connected to the partition plate, and the front end of the distance measuring device and the front end of the knocking device are aligned on the plane perpendicular to the first supporting plate; the first control device is fixedly connected to the second supporting plate, and the second control device is fixedly connected to the partition plate. The method is suitable for a mural hollowing detection scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and in particular to a mural hollow drum knocking detection device and method. Background Art

[0002] As a treasure of history and culture, murals contain rich historical information on humanities, religion, economy, life, etc. However, after thousands of years of wind and rain, murals have different degrees of damage, among which cracking, peeling, pigment layer shedding, blisters, fissures, salt frost, and alkali can be seen directly, while mural hollowing disease mainly occurs between the ground layer and the support. Due to the loss or weakening of the bonding performance, the ground layer is partially separated from the support, which is not directly visible in the mural disease. In addition, hollowing disease can cause cracks and bulges on the surface of the mural, resulting in large-scale shedding of the mural, which is not conducive to the scientific protection of the mural. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically and rationally conduct defect characteristic research on mural hollowing disease to provide a scientific basis for the restoration and protection of mural cultural relics.

[0003] Practice has shown that the traditional method of knocking on the wall to identify sounds is very practical and efficient in judging whether a mural has hollowing defects. However, the current method of knocking on the wall to identify sounds relies on personal inference, is greatly influenced by subjectivity, and is prone to misjudgment during the sound identification process. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a mural hollow drum knocking detection device and method, which can overcome the problem that the existing wall knocking sound identification method relies on insufficient personal inference.

[0005] In the first aspect, a mural hollow drum knocking detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a knocking detection mechanism, a lifting and translating mechanism and a gantry; a lifting and translating mechanism is fixedly installed on the frame of the gantry, and a knocking detection mechanism is fixedly installed on the lifting and translating mechanism; wherein the knocking detection mechanism comprises: a base plate, a knocking device, a distance measuring device, a first control device and a second control device; a first support plate is fixedly installed on the lower part of the base plate, and a second support plate is fixedly installed on the upper part, and a partition is arranged between the first support plate and the second support plate; the knocking device is fixedly connected to the first support plate, the distance measuring device is fixedly connected to the partition, and the front end of the distance measuring device and the front end of the knocking device are aligned on a plane perpendicular to the first support plate; the first control device is fixedly connected to the second support plate, the second control device is fixedly connected to the partition, the first control device is electrically connected to the knocking device, and the second control device is electrically connected to the distance measuring device.

[0006] Optionally, the knocking device includes: a cylinder, a push-pull rod and a knocking head; the cylinder is arranged between the first support plate and the partition, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate and the partition; the push-pull rod is arranged inside the cylinder, and both ends pass through the outer surface of the cylinder; the first end of the push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the knocking head, and the second end of the push-pull rod is provided with a groove; the knocking device also includes: a sliding module; the sliding module includes: a push rod, a sliding platform, a sliding platform fixing and a cylinder; the push rod is slidably connected to the sliding platform and can be engaged in the groove at the second end of the push-pull rod, so as to assist the push-pull rod in realizing knocking distance control; the sliding platform is fixedly connected to the sliding platform fixing and the cylinder, and the sliding platform fixing and the cylinder are an integrated structure, which are electrically connected to the second control device; the sliding module is arranged between the knocking device and the base plate, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate through the sliding platform fixing.

[0007] Optionally, a reset spring and a coil are fixedly connected inside the cylinder, and the coil is connected to the first control device; the push-pull rod passes through the reset spring and the coil and extends out of the outer surfaces of both sides of the cylinder; and limiting members are provided on both sides of the push-pull rod extending out of the cylinder.

[0008] Optionally, a first buffer pad is provided on the push-pull rod near the contact point with the return spring, and a second buffer pad is provided on the contact point with the left limit member, and the first buffer pad and the second buffer pad are used to buffer the push-pull rod and reduce the working noise of the push-pull rod.

[0009] Optionally, the knocking detection mechanism also includes: a data acquisition device; the data acquisition device includes: an acoustic sensor, a sensor fixing and adjustment module, and a data acquisition instrument; the sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor fixing and adjustment module, and connected to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument is placed outside the mural hollow drum knocking detection device and connected to a computer; the data acquisition device is used to control the triggering of the data acquisition instrument to collect knocking data through the sensor while the first control device controls the knocking device to knock on the mural.

[0010] Optionally, the sensor fixing and adjustment module includes: a base, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a connecting piece, a fastener and a sensor fixing component; the base is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and a fixing groove connected to the first connecting rod is arranged on the base; the first end of the first connecting rod is connected to the fixing groove, and the second end is connected to the first side of the connecting piece; the second connecting rod is vertically connected to the second side of the connecting piece; the sensor fixing component is connected to the second connecting rod for fixing the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument; the fasteners are arranged on the sides of the fixing groove and at both ends of the connecting piece for fastening the connecting rod.

[0011] Optionally, the lifting and translation mechanism includes: a slide rail, a lifting component, a translation component and a motor; the motor is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the slide rail and is electrically connected to the first control device; the slide rail includes a vertical slide rail and a horizontal slide rail, and the lifting component is connected to the vertical slide rail; the translation component is connected to the horizontal slide rail, and the horizontal slide rail is horizontally arranged on the vertical slide rail through the lifting component; the lifting component and the translation component are also connected to a motor that drives the lifting component and the translation component to move.

[0012] Optionally, the gantry is a profile, and corner seats are fixedly connected at the four corners of the gantry for connecting the profile; universal wheels are fixedly connected on both sides of the bottom of the gantry for realizing free movement of the mural hollow drum knocking detection equipment.

[0013] Optionally, the first support plate, the partition plate and the second support plate are fixed by columns.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a mural hollow drum knocking detection method, using any mural hollow drum knocking detection device described in the first aspect, the method comprising: determining a grid size according to an expected mural hollow drum accuracy, dividing the mural area to be detected into grids according to the grid size, and determining the horizontal and vertical moving distances of the knocking detection mechanism on the lifting and translation mechanism; moving the mural hollow drum knocking detection device to the front of the mural area to be detected, and adjusting the knocking head of the knocking detection mechanism to align the target distance with the center of the first target detection grid; the target distance is a predetermined distance between the knocking head and the mural to be detected; obtaining the distance from the knocking head to the first target detection grid by a distance measuring device, and determining the distance between the knocking head and the first target detection grid according to the target distance and the distance between the knocking head and the first target detection grid. The moving distance of the push-pull rod is adjusted according to the difference between the distances, so that the distance from the knocking head on the push-pull rod to the first target detection grid is the target distance; the knocking device and the data acquisition device are started to knock on the mural of the first target detection grid and collect knocking data; after knocking on the first target detection grid, it moves to the next target detection grid according to the predetermined moving distance, and after moving to the designated target detection grid, it knocks and samples according to the target distance and force, so that the force and position of each knock are fixed until the knocking and data collection of the murals of all target detection grids are completed; the collected knocking data are processed to obtain the damage indicators corresponding to all target detection grids, and a mural hollow disease defect map is drawn according to the damage indicators corresponding to each grid.

[0015] The mural hollow drum knocking detection device and method provided in the embodiment of the present invention controls the horizontal or vertical movement of the knocking detection mechanism installed on the lifting and translation mechanism through a first control device. When it moves to the target detection position, the first control device controls the knocking device to knock on the mural according to the data collected by the ranging device, thereby realizing automatic knocking on the mural, which can overcome the problem of insufficient personal inference caused by the existing method of wall knocking sound identification relying on manual knocking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a mural hollow drum knocking detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a knock detection mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic structural diagram of a knock detection mechanism according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a striking device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a striking device provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a striking device provided in yet another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sensor fixing and adjusting module provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting and translation mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 A flow chart of a method for detecting hollow drum knocking in a mural provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a method for detecting hollow drum knocking in a mural provided by an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1. knock detection mechanism; 2. lifting and translation mechanism; 3. gantry; 4. bottom plate; 5. knock device; 6. distance measuring device; 7. first control device; 8. second control device; 9. first support plate; 10. second support plate; 11. partition; 12. through hole; 13. cylinder; 14. push-pull rod; 15. knock head; 16. sliding module; 17. push rod; 18. sliding platform; 19. sliding platform fixing part; 20. cylinder; 21. limit part; 211. limit pin; 212. limit ring; 22. reset spring; 23. coil; 24. first buffer pad; 25. second buffer pad; 26. sensor fixing and adjustment module; 27. base; 271, fixing groove; 28, first connecting rod; 29, second connecting rod; 30, connecting piece; 31, fastener; 311, first fastening screw; 312, steering screw; 313, second fastening screw; 32, sensor fixing part; 33, slide rail; 331, vertical slide rail; 332, horizontal slide rail; 34, lifting part; 35, translation part; 36 (361 and 362), motor; 37, angle seat; 38, universal wheel; 39, column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “inside”, “outside”, “front end”, “rear end”, “head” and “tail” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. Embodiment 1

[0022] The embodiment of the present invention provides a mural hollow drum knocking detection device, see Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, it includes: a knock detection mechanism 1, a lifting and translation mechanism 2 and a gantry 3; A lifting and translation mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the frame of the gantry 3, and a knock detection mechanism 1 is fixedly installed on the lifting and translation mechanism 2; Among them, the knocking detection mechanism 1 includes: a base plate 4, a knocking device 5, a distance measuring device 6, a first control device 7 and a second control device 8; a first support plate 9 is fixedly installed at the lower part of the base plate 4, and a second support plate 10 is fixedly installed at the upper part, and a partition 11 is arranged between the first support plate 9 and the second support plate 10; the knocking device 5 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9, the distance measuring device 6 is fixedly connected to the partition 11, and the front end of the distance measuring device 6 and the front end of the knocking device 5 are aligned on a plane perpendicular to the first support plate 9; the first control device 7 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 10, the second control device 8 is fixedly connected to the partition 11, the first control device 7 is electrically connected to the knocking device 5, and the second control device 8 is electrically connected to the distance measuring device 6.

[0023] For details, see Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the bottom plate 4 of the knock detection mechanism 1 is provided with fixing plates on both sides, and the bottom plate 4 and the fixing plate are provided with through holes 12, which are used to fix the knock detection mechanism 1 on the lifting and translation mechanism 2 through fasteners, and the fasteners can be fastening components such as bolts and screws; the first support plate 9 is fixedly installed at the lower part of the bottom plate 4, and the second support plate 10 is fixedly installed at the upper part, and a partition plate 11 is arranged between the first support plate 9 and the second support plate 10; wherein, the second support plate 10 is an L-shaped steel plate, and the first support plate 9, the partition plate 11, and the second support plate 10 are arranged in parallel from bottom to top, and the partition plate 11 is arranged in the left area between the first support plate 9 and the second support plate 10; the knocking device 5 is fixedly connected to the left area of ​​the first support plate 9, that is, just below the partition 11, the distance measuring device 6 is fixedly connected to the front end of the partition 11, and the front end of the distance measuring device 6 and the front end of the knocking device 5 are aligned on a plane perpendicular to the first support plate 9, so that the distance to the mural measured by the distance measuring device 6 is equal to the distance from the knocking head of the knocking device to the mural; the first control device 7 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 10, and the second control device 8 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the partition 11. The first control device 7 is electrically connected to the knocking device 5 to control the knocking device 5 to perform the knocking action; the second control device 8 is electrically connected to the distance measuring device 6 to control the distance measuring device 6 to measure the distance to the mural. Among them, the distance measuring device in the embodiment of the present invention can be a distance measuring device such as a distance measuring sensor, which will not be repeated here.

[0024] Optionally, in some embodiments, the knocking device 5 includes: a cylinder 13, a push-pull rod 14 and a knocking head 15; the cylinder 13 is arranged between the first support plate 9 and the partition 11, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9 and the partition 11; the push-pull rod 14 is arranged inside the cylinder 13, and both ends of the push-pull rod 14 pass through the outer surface of the cylinder 13; the first end of the push-pull rod 14 is fixedly connected to the knocking head 15, and the second end of the push-pull rod 14 is provided with a groove; The knocking device also includes: a sliding module 16; the sliding module includes: a push rod 17, a sliding platform 18, a sliding platform fixing 19 and a cylinder 20; the push rod 17 is slidably connected to the sliding platform 18, and can be engaged in the groove at the second end of the push-pull rod 14, for assisting the push-pull rod 14 to achieve knocking distance control; the sliding platform 18 is fixedly connected to the sliding platform fixing 19 and the cylinder 20, and the sliding platform fixing 19 and the cylinder 20 are an integrated structure, and are electrically connected to the second control device 8; the sliding module 16 is arranged between the knocking device 5 and the base plate 4, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9 through the sliding platform fixing 19.

[0025] In this embodiment, see Figure 4-6As shown, the barrel 13 of the knocking device 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the top and bottom surfaces of the barrel 13 are both provided with through holes 12, which are used to fix the knocking device 5 on the first support plate 9 and the partition 11. A push-pull rod 14 is fixedly provided inside the barrel 13 and both ends of the push-pull rod 14 penetrate the outer surfaces of the left and right sides of the barrel 13; a knocking head 15 made of soft material is fixedly connected to the first end of the push-pull rod 14 for knocking the mural, and a groove matching the push rod 17 on the sliding module 16 is provided at the end of the second section, so that the push rod 17 on the sliding platform 18 can be engaged in the groove to assist the push-pull rod 14 in achieving the knocking distance control. Among them, the knocking head 15 can be disassembled and replaced to avoid inaccurate data collected due to damage to the knocking head 15. In addition, the knocking head 15 can also be replaced with different materials according to the actual situation on site, such as rubber, silicone, etc., to avoid damage to the mural when knocking.

[0026] The sliding module 16 of this embodiment is arranged at the rear end of the knocking device 5, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9 through the sliding platform fixing member 19. The distance data from the mural to the knocking detection mechanism 1 is measured by the distance measuring device 6. The second control device 8 controls the air flow and exhaust of the cylinder 20 to control the push rod 17 on the sliding platform 18 to slide forward and engage in the groove of the push-pull rod 14, and continue to slide forward to push the push-pull rod 14 forward, and adjust the distance of the push-pull rod 14 to fix the position of each knock on the mural, and control the voltage of the coil 23 through the first control device 7 to fix the force of each knock on the mural.

[0027] Specifically, before knocking on the mural, the target distance between the knocking head 15 and the mural is determined in advance each time the knocking device 5 knocks on the mural, so that the position of the mural knocked each time is fixed; when knocking on the mural, first control the distance measuring device 6 to measure the distance from the knocking head 15 to the mural through the second control device 8. If the mural is dented or other reasons cause the target distance from the knocking head 15 to the mural to change, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 of the sliding module 16, thereby controlling the push rod 17 to start working, pushing the push-pull rod 14 forward, so that the distance from the knocking head 15 on the push-pull rod 14 to the mural is the target distance, ensuring that the target distance is the same for each knock. After each push rod 17 completes its work, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 to reset the push rod 17, and waits for the next target distance to change.

[0028] Optionally, in some embodiments, a reset spring 22 and a coil 23 are fixedly connected to the inside of the cylinder 13, and the coil 23 is connected to the first control device 7; the push-pull rod 14 passes through the reset spring 22 and the coil 23 and extends out of the outer surfaces of both sides of the cylinder; and limiting members 21 are provided on both sides of the push-pull rod 14 extending out of the cylinder 13.

[0029] Optionally, in some embodiments, a first buffer pad 24 is provided on the push-pull rod 14 near the contact with the return spring 22, and a second buffer pad 25 is provided at the contact with the left limit member 21, and the first buffer pad 24 and the second buffer pad 25 are used to buffer the push-pull rod 14 and reduce the working noise of the push-pull rod.

[0030] In this embodiment, see Figure 4-5 As shown, a reset spring 22 and a coil 23 are fixedly connected inside the cylinder 13, and the coil 23 is connected to the first control device 7; a limit pin 211 is provided near the knocking head 15 at the first end of the push-pull rod 14 extending out of the cylinder 13, and a limit ring 212 is provided near the groove at the second end extending out of the cylinder 13, and a second buffer pad 25 is provided in front of the limit ring, and the limit pin 211 and the limit ring 212 are used for limiting; wherein, the first buffer pad and the second buffer pad can be made of a rubber pad or other material with a buffering effect, which is used to buffer the push-pull rod 14, and at the same time reduce the working noise of the push-pull rod 14 to prevent interference when collecting sound data. In some embodiments, the reset spring 22 can also be provided on the outside of the cylinder near the side of the limit ring.

[0031] Specifically, the target distance between the knocking head 15 and the mural is predetermined each time the knocking device 5 knocks on the mural, so that the position of the mural is fixed each time; when working, the knocking device 5 is used to knock on the mural for detection. When knocking on the mural, the distance measuring device 6 is first controlled by the second control device 8 to measure the distance from the knocking head 15 to the mural. When it is detected that the target distance from the knocking head 15 to the mural changes, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 of the sliding module 16, thereby controlling the push rod 17 to start working, pushing the push-pull rod 14 forward, so that the distance from the knocking head 15 on the push-pull rod 14 to the mural is the target distance, ensuring that the target distance is the same each time the knocking is performed. After each push rod 17 completes its work, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 to reset the push rod 17; after adjusting to the target distance, the first control device 7 controls the on and off of the coil 23 to further control the movement of the push-pull rod 14, so that the knocking head 15 knocks on the mural. After the coil 23 is energized, the push-pull rod 14 is controlled to move so that the knocking head 15 knocks on the mural. During this process, the reset spring 22 is compressed. After the coil 23 is de-energized, the reset spring 22 assists the push-pull rod 14 in resetting. The first buffer pad 24 and the second buffer pad 25 have a shock-absorbing effect on the push-pull rod 14, while reducing the working noise of the push-pull rod 14 to prevent interference when collecting sound data.

[0032] Optionally, in some embodiments, the knock detection mechanism further includes: a data acquisition device; The data acquisition device includes: an acoustic sensor, a sensor fixing and adjusting module 26, and a data acquisition instrument; the sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor fixing and adjusting module 26, and is connected to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument is placed outside the mural hollow drum percussion detection device and is connected to a computer; the data acquisition device is used to control the triggering of the data acquisition instrument to collect percussion data through the sensor while the first control device controls the percussion device to percuss the mural.

[0033] Optionally, in some embodiments, the sensor fixing and adjustment module 26 includes: a base 27, a first connecting rod 28, a second connecting rod 29, a connecting piece 30, a fastener 31 and a sensor fixing component 32; the base 27 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 4, and a fixing groove 271 connected to the first connecting rod 28 is arranged on the base 27; the first end of the first connecting rod 28 is connected to the fixing groove, and the second end is connected to the first side of the connecting piece 30; the second connecting rod 29 is vertically connected to the second side of the connecting piece 30; the second connecting rod 29 is connected to the sensor fixing component 32 for fixing the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument; the fastener 31 is arranged on the side of the fixing groove 271 and the two ends of the connecting piece 30, for fastening the connecting rod. The fastener 31 includes: a first fastening screw 311, a steering screw 312 and a second fastening screw 313; the first fastening screw 311 is arranged on the side of the fixing groove 271 and the two sides of the connecting member 30, and is used to fasten the connecting rod; the steering screw 312 is arranged at the lower end of the connecting member 30, and is used to realize the relative rotation between the first side and the second side of the connecting member 30; the second fastening screw 313 is arranged at the top of the sensor fixing component 32, and is used to fix the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument.

[0034] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, the sensor fixing and adjusting module 26 is arranged on the right side of the bottom plate 4 and the first support plate 9, and the base 27 is fixed to the bottom plate 4 by bolts. The base 27 is provided with a fixing groove 271, and the first end of the first connecting rod 28 can be inserted into the fixing groove 271. The remaining length of the first connecting rod 28 can be adjusted by the depth of insertion. The other end of the first connecting rod 28 is connected to the connecting member 30, and the connecting member 30 can change the front and rear position of the sensor fixing component connected to the second connecting rod 29 by changing the position of the remaining length set on the first connecting rod 28; the second connecting rod 29 is connected to the connecting member 3 0 on the other side opposite to the first connecting rod 28, a fastener 31 is arranged on the side of the fixing groove and the two ends of the connecting member 30, which is used to fasten the connecting rod and adjust the distance of the connecting rod to achieve the position change of the sensor fixing part; a first fastening screw 311 is arranged on the side of the fixing groove 271 and the two sides of the connecting member 30, which is used to fasten the connecting rod; a steering screw 312 is arranged at the lower end of the connecting member 30, which is used to achieve the relative rotation between the first side and the second side of the connecting member 30; a second fastening screw 313 is arranged on the top of the sensor fixing part 32, which is used to fix the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument. Among them, the first connecting rod 28 and the second connecting rod 29 can rotate in the connecting member 30 to achieve the fixing of the acoustic sensor at different angles.

[0035] Specifically, the data acquisition device is used to collect knocking data when the knocking device 5 knocks on the mural. The acoustic sensor is fixed in a suitable position by pre-fixing the connecting rod, the connecting piece 30 and the sensor fixing component 32. When the first control device 7 controls the knocking device 5 to knock, the sensor in the sensor fixing component 32 is controlled by an external computer to work and collect the knocking data.

[0036] Optionally, in some embodiments, a sensor fixing component 32 is connected to the second connecting rod 29 for fixing an acoustic sensor connected to a data acquisition device.

[0037] In this embodiment, see Figure 7 As shown, a sensor fixing component 32 is connected to the second connecting rod, and the acoustic sensor is fixed in the sensor fixing component 32. The acoustic sensor can be a high-precision sound pressure sensor. The sensor is connected to the data acquisition instrument through a cable, and the data acquisition instrument is arranged outside the knocking detection equipment and connected to the computer. The first control device 7 is also connected to the computer. The data acquisition device is used to control the triggering of the data acquisition instrument to collect knocking data through the sensor while the first control device 7 controls the knocking device 5 to knock on the mural.

[0038] In some embodiments, by adding connectors 30 and connecting rods, multiple sensor fixing components 32 can be fixed at different positions, thereby realizing joint data collection of multiple sensors and improving on-site detection efficiency.

[0039] Optionally, in some embodiments, the lifting and translation mechanism 2 includes: a slide rail 33, a lifting component 34, a translation component 35 and a motor 36; the motor 36 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the slide rail 33, and is electrically connected to the first control device 7; the slide rail 33 includes a vertical slide rail 331 and a horizontal slide rail 332, and the lifting component 34 is connected to the vertical slide rail 331; the translation component 35 is connected to the horizontal slide rail 332, and the horizontal slide rail 332 is horizontally arranged on the vertical slide rail 331 through the lifting component 34; the lifting component 34 and the translation component 35 are also connected to the motor 36 that drives the lifting component 34 and the translation component 35 to move.

[0040] In this embodiment, see Figure 8 As shown, the slide rails 33 of the lifting and translation mechanism 2 include vertical slide rails 331 fixed on the frames on both sides of the gantry 3 and horizontal slide rails 332 laterally arranged on the vertical slide rails 331. Limiting components are arranged at both ends of each slide rail 33 to ensure safe sliding on the slide rails 33. A lifting component 34 is installed on the vertical slide rail 331, and a translation component 35 is installed on the horizontal slide rail 332. A motor 36 is also fixedly arranged on the outer side of each slide rail 33.

[0041] Specifically, the lifting and translation mechanism 2 is used to assist the lifting and translation of the knock detection mechanism 1. The lifting and translation of the knock detection mechanism 1 is achieved by controlling the movement of the lifting component 34 on the vertical slide rail 331 through the motor 36, and the translation of the knock detection mechanism 1 is achieved by controlling the movement of the translation component 35 on the horizontal slide rail 332 through the motor 36.

[0042] Optionally, in some embodiments, the gantry 3 is a profile, and the four corners of the gantry 3 are fixedly connected with corner seats 37 for connecting the profile; both sides of the bottom of the gantry 3 are fixedly connected with universal wheels 38 for realizing the free movement of the mural hollow drum knocking detection equipment.

[0043] In this embodiment, see Figure 8 As shown, the gantry 3 is a frame-type structure, and the material of each frame is a profile. The profiles connect the frames by corner seats 37 arranged at the four corners. The structure in this embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention. In actual applications, it is also possible to increase the profiles in the vertical direction of the gantry 3 to achieve hollow drum knocking detection of murals at a higher distance; and universal casters are also arranged on both sides of the bottom of the gantry 3, which can realize the free movement of the mural hollow drum knocking detection equipment.

[0044] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first support plate 9 , the partition plate 11 and the second support plate 10 are fixed by columns 39 .

[0045] In this embodiment, see Figure 3As shown, the first support plate 9, the partition plate 11 and the second support plate 10 can be steel plates, which are supported and fixed on the base plate 4 through the column 39. The base plate 4 is connected to the translation component 35 on the lifting and translation mechanism 2 through the through hole 12, thereby realizing the translation and lifting of the knock detection mechanism 1. Embodiment 2

[0046] The present invention also provides a mural hollow drum knocking detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, using any mural hollow drum knocking detection device described in embodiment 1, referring to Fig. 9 As shown, the method includes: S110, determining a grid size according to the expected hollowing accuracy of the mural, dividing the mural area to be tested into grids according to the grid size, and determining the horizontal and vertical moving distances of the knock detection mechanism on the lifting and translation mechanism; S120, moving the mural hollow drum percussion detection device to the front of the mural area to be detected, and adjusting the percussion head of the percussion detection mechanism to align with the center of the first target detection grid at a target distance; the target distance is a predetermined distance between the percussion head and the mural to be detected; S130, obtaining the distance from the striking head to the first target detection grid through a distance measuring device, and adjusting the moving distance of the push-pull rod according to the difference between the target distance and the distance from the striking head to the first target detection grid, so that the distance from the striking head on the push-pull rod to the first target detection grid is the target distance; S140, starting a knocking device and a data collection device to knock on the mural in the first target detection grid and collect knocking data; S150, after the first target detection grid is tapped, move to the next target detection grid according to a predetermined moving distance, and after moving to the designated target detection grid, tap and sample according to the target distance and force, so that the force and position of each tap are fixed, until the tapping and data collection of the murals of all target detection grids are completed; S160, processing the collected knocking data to obtain damage indicators corresponding to all target detection grids, and drawing a mural hollowing disease defect map according to the damage indicators corresponding to each grid.

[0047] Specifically, the mural hollow drum knocking detection method provided in this embodiment is shown in Fig.10As shown, before the knocking test is performed on the mural to be tested, the appropriate grid size is determined in advance according to the size of the mural area to be tested and the expected hollowing accuracy of the mural, and the mural area to be tested is gridded in a non-contact, non-polluting manner according to the grid size. When the grid is divided, the mural area to be tested can be gridded by projecting a laser grid on the mural with a laser, and the error between the actual grid size and the target grid size is controlled within an allowable range. The naming rule of the grid data is determined according to the grid data, for example, "NAXY" represents the sub-grid of the Xth row and the Yth column in the Nth column grid A, and the knocking is determined according to the actual distance between each grid. The knock detection mechanism 1 needs to move horizontally or vertically each time on the lifting and translation mechanism 2, connect the first control device, the second control device and the data acquisition instrument to the computer, and set the moving distance data in the first control device 7 according to the grid data; move the mural hollow drum knock detection device to the front of the mural area to be detected, and adjust the knock head 15 of the knock detection mechanism 1 to align the target distance with the center of the first target detection grid. The target distance is a predetermined distance between the knock head and the mural to be detected, usually 1 to 2 cm, which is determined according to the on-site conditions; obtain the distance from the knock head 15 to the first target detection grid through the distance measuring device 6 The push rod 17 adjusts the moving distance of the push-pull rod 14 according to the difference between the target distance and the distance from the knocking head 15 to the first target detection grid, so that the knocking head 15 on the push-pull rod 14 knocks the target distance of the mural to be measured at the same time each time; the push rod 17 is reset after each work is completed to prepare for the next work; at the same time, the distance between the sensor and the mural to be measured is determined, and the relative position with the center of the target detection grid is fixed; at this time, the first control device 7 starts the knocking device 5, and at the same time, the computer triggers the data acquisition instrument to collect data through the sensor when the first control system issues a start command, and the mural of the first target detection grid is detected. Knock and collect knocking data; after knocking on the first target detection grid, move to the next target detection grid according to the predetermined horizontal or vertical moving distance, and after moving to the designated target detection grid, knock and sample at the same distance and strength as the first target detection grid, so that the strength and position of each knock are fixed, and the target detection grids are knocked and sampled row by row and column by column until the knocking and data collection of the murals in all target detection grids are completed; finally, the collected knocking data is subjected to noise filtering, pre-emphasis and other processing, and the damage indicators of each grid are obtained through frequency domain analysis, and finally a defect map of the mural hollowing detection results is drawn.

[0048] In summary, the mural hollowing percussion detection device and method provided in the embodiments of the present invention can overcome the problem that the existing method of wall knocking sound identification relies on insufficient personal inference, achieve the unification of knocking force and knocking position through an automatically controlled knocking device, and realize the lifting and translation of the knocking device through a lifting and translation device, so as to meet the needs of studying mural hollowing defects under the condition of constant knocking force value, greatly improve the efficiency of on-site detection of mural hollowing diseases, and provide a quantifiable reference basis for the health diagnosis, restoration and protection of murals.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0050] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0051] For the convenience of description, if it involves a system, server, etc., it may be described separately by dividing the functions into various units / modules. Of course, when implementing the present invention, the functions of each unit / module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0052] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. The storage medium can be a disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM) or a random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0053] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A mural hollow drum percussion detection device, characterized in that: The equipment includes: a knock detection mechanism, a lifting and translation mechanism and a gantry; A lifting and translation mechanism is fixedly installed on the frame of the gantry, and a knock detection mechanism is fixedly installed on the lifting and translation mechanism; Wherein, the knocking detection mechanism includes: a base plate, a knocking device, a distance measuring device, a first control device and a second control device; a first support plate is fixedly installed at the lower part of the base plate, and a second support plate is fixedly installed at the upper part, and a partition is arranged between the first support plate and the second support plate; the knocking device is fixedly connected to the first support plate, and the distance measuring device is fixedly connected to the partition, and the front end of the distance measuring device and the front end of the knocking device are aligned on a plane perpendicular to the first support plate; the first control device is fixedly connected to the second support plate, and the second control device is fixedly connected to the partition, the first control device is electrically connected to the knocking device, and the second control device is electrically connected to the distance measuring device.

2. The mural hollow drum knocking detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The knocking device comprises: a cylinder, a push-pull rod and a knocking head; the cylinder is arranged between the first support plate and the partition, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate and the partition; the push-pull rod is arranged inside the cylinder, and both ends of the push-pull rod pass through the outer surface of the cylinder; the first end of the push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the knocking head, and the second end of the push-pull rod is provided with a groove; The knocking device also includes: a sliding module; the sliding module includes: a push rod, a sliding platform, a sliding platform fixing and a cylinder; the push rod is slidably connected to the sliding platform, and can be engaged in the groove at the second end of the push-pull rod, for assisting the push-pull rod to achieve knocking distance control; the sliding platform is fixedly connected to the sliding platform fixing and the cylinder, the sliding platform fixing and the cylinder are an integrated structure, and are electrically connected to the second control device; the sliding module is arranged between the knocking device and the base plate, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate through the sliding platform fixing.

3. The mural hollow drum knocking detection device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A reset spring and a coil are fixedly connected inside the cylinder, and the coil is connected to the first control device; the push-pull rod passes through the reset spring and the coil and extends out of the outer surfaces of both sides of the cylinder; and limiting members are provided on both sides of the push-pull rod extending out of the cylinder.

4. The mural hollow drum knocking detection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A first buffer pad is provided on the push-pull rod near the contact with the return spring, and a second buffer pad is provided at the contact with the left limiter. The first buffer pad and the second buffer pad are used to buffer the push-pull rod and reduce the working noise of the push-pull rod.

5. The mural hollow drum knocking detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The knock detection mechanism also includes: a data acquisition device; The data acquisition device includes: an acoustic sensor, a sensor fixing and adjusting module, and a data acquisition instrument; the sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor fixing and adjusting module, and is connected to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument is placed outside the mural hollow drum percussion detection device and is connected to a computer; the data acquisition device is used to control the triggering of the data acquisition instrument to collect percussion data through the sensor while the first control device controls the percussion device to percuss the mural.

6. The mural hollow drum knocking detection device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The sensor fixing and adjusting module comprises: a base, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a connecting piece, a fastener and a sensor fixing component; The base is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and a fixing groove connected to the first connecting rod is arranged on the base; the first end of the first connecting rod is connected to the fixing groove, and the second end is connected to the first side of the connecting member; the second connecting rod is vertically connected to the second side of the connecting member; the sensor fixing component is connected to the second connecting rod, which is used to fix the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument; the fastener is arranged on the side of the fixing groove and the two ends of the connecting member, and is used to fasten the connecting rod.

7. The mural hollow drum knocking detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting and translation mechanism includes: a slide rail, a lifting component, a translation component and a motor; the motor is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the slide rail and is electrically connected to the first control device; the slide rail includes a vertical slide rail and a horizontal slide rail, and the lifting component is connected to the vertical slide rail; the translation component is connected to the horizontal slide rail, and the horizontal slide rail is horizontally arranged on the vertical slide rail through the lifting component; the lifting component and the translation component are also connected to a motor that drives the lifting component and the translation component to move.

8. The mural hollow drum knocking detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gantry is a profile, and corner seats are fixedly connected at the four corners of the gantry for connecting the profile; universal wheels are fixedly connected on both sides of the bottom of the gantry for realizing free movement of the mural hollow drum knocking detection equipment.

9. The mural hollow drum knocking detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first support plate, the partition plate and the second support plate are fixed by pillars.

10. A method for detecting hollow drum knocking on a mural, characterized in that: Utilizing the mural hollow drum knocking detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprises: Determine the grid size according to the expected hollowing accuracy of the mural, divide the mural area to be tested into grids according to the grid size, and determine the horizontal and vertical moving distances of the knock detection mechanism on the lifting and translation mechanism; Move the mural hollow drum percussion detection device to the front of the mural area to be detected, and adjust the percussion head of the percussion detection mechanism to align with the center of the first target detection grid at a target distance; the target distance is a predetermined distance between the percussion head and the mural to be detected; Acquire the distance from the striking head to the first target detection grid by a distance measuring device, and adjust the moving distance of the push-pull rod according to the difference between the target distance and the distance from the striking head to the first target detection grid, so that the distance from the striking head on the push-pull rod to the first target detection grid is the target distance; Starting the knocking device and the data collection device to knock on the mural in the first target detection grid and collect knocking data; After the first target detection grid is tapped, it moves to the next target detection grid according to a predetermined moving distance. After moving to the designated target detection grid, it taps and samples according to the target distance and force, so that the force and position of each tap are fixed until the tapping and data collection of the murals of all target detection grids are completed; The collected knocking data are processed to obtain the damage indicators corresponding to all target detection grids, and a mural hollowing disease defect map is drawn according to the damage indicators corresponding to each grid.

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