Railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway digital engineering detection, in particular to a railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method and system. The method comprises the steps of data collection, determination of a judgment criterion, acquisition and processing of reference information, acquisition and processing of index information, index evaluation and detection conclusion. An existing railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method has the problem of low geometric accuracy detection accuracy, and the railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method and system provided by the invention have high geometric accuracy detection accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway digital engineering detection, and in particular to a railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method and system. Background Art

[0002] BIM is the abbreviation of Building Information Model, which refers to "Building Information Model". This model can not only be used for design, but also for equipment management, engineering quantity statistics, cost calculation, operation and maintenance management, etc. It can play a role in the entire construction industry, such as the railway engineering construction industry, to manage all information of the building life cycle.

[0003] To ensure that the railway BIM delivery accuracy delivered by all parties involved in the engineering design during the railway engineering construction process is scientific and reasonable and meets the actual engineering needs, the railway engineering construction industry has formulated railway BIM delivery accuracy standards to effectively stipulate the delivery accuracy of BIM at all stages and in all disciplines of railway engineering construction.

[0004] According to the "Railway Engineering Information Model Delivery Accuracy Standard", the railway BIM accuracy level includes five levels. Under different model accuracies, different model units are divided for each discipline, and each model unit is defined by geometric accuracy and information depth. According to the actual requirements of different projects, model units are divided for specific disciplines, and the corresponding geometric accuracy and information depth are added to complete the complete definition of BIM model delivery accuracy. Under normal circumstances, as the model accuracy increases, the geometric accuracy and information depth of the model unit should progress from low geometric accuracy and low information depth to high geometric accuracy and high information depth according to the project application requirements. BIM accuracy is an indicator of the comprehensiveness, detail and accuracy of the geometric accuracy and information depth contained in the model unit.

[0005] Geometric accuracy is an important evaluation indicator of BIM accuracy. It refers to the measurement of the degree of closeness between the geometric shape of the model and the geometric shape of the drawing or the real object, including dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, position accuracy, etc., which is used to measure the authenticity and accuracy of the model's geometric expression. According to the provisions of the "Railway BIM Delivery Accuracy Standard", the railway BIM geometric accuracy level includes four levels, namely G1.0 "geometric accuracy that meets the needs of symbolic recognition", G2.0 "geometric accuracy that meets the needs of rough recognition such as space occupancy", G3.0 "geometric accuracy that meets the needs of fine recognition such as real appearance" and G4.0 "geometric accuracy that meets the needs of high-precision recognition such as structural construction and product manufacturing". The geometric accuracy of BIM deliverables at various stages of railway engineering should meet the use requirements of actual engineering projects.

[0006] Due to the particularity of railway construction and maintenance, the complexity of railway engineering has generated a large number of components and information. The errors in the data source information and the errors in the modeling process involved in BIM can easily lead to geometric accuracy errors in BIM. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the geometric accuracy of railway BIM. The results of railway BIM geometric accuracy detection can be used to retrieve components whose geometric errors do not meet the accuracy requirements in BIM, provide quantitative basis for model geometric accuracy grade assessment, and are widely used in the review, consultation and certification of railway engineering BIM to ensure the design, construction and later operation and maintenance of railway engineering. However, the existing railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method is for BIM engineers to manually check whether the size, position and proportion in the model are consistent with the design and construction drawings. There is a problem of low accuracy in the detection of geometric accuracy, which will affect the accuracy and reliability of railway BIM, thereby affecting the subsequent engineering quality and operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0007] Therefore, the existing railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method has the problem of low geometric accuracy detection accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method and system with high geometric accuracy detection accuracy.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method provided by the present invention includes: Data collection: Collect information, including standard specifications, drawings, description documents and photos of physical objects; Determine the judgment criteria: Establishing a judgment criterion based on the geometric accuracy error tolerance between the railway BIM to be tested and the drawing or the physical object obtained according to the standard specification or defined according to actual engineering needs; Collection and processing of benchmark information: Obtaining design geometric parameters according to the drawings or obtaining physical geometric parameters through description documents or measuring physical objects, and processing the design geometric parameters or physical geometric parameters as reference information; Collection and processing of indicator information: Determine the number of all components included in the railway BIM to be tested; when the number is large, extract a plurality of the components in proportion from all the components as sampling samples, and collect geometric accuracy information of the sampling samples through special software; when the number is small, collect geometric accuracy information of all the components through special software; and process the geometric accuracy information as index information; Index evaluation: Calculating the sample standard deviation of the index information of each sample and the benchmark information or calculating the overall standard deviation of the index information of all components and the benchmark information; The test conclusion is: The sample standard deviation or the population standard deviation is determined according to the determination criteria to draw a test conclusion and produce a test report.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention: the geometric accuracy error limit in the determination criterion is the allowable range of geometric accuracy error of the railway BIM to be tested as specified in the standard specification or defined according to actual engineering needs.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention: the method for obtaining design geometric parameters according to drawings in the collection and processing of the benchmark information includes collecting the design geometric parameters displayed in the drawing in a marked manner using image recognition technology, text recognition technology or manual entry.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention: the method of measuring the physical object in the collection and processing of the reference information includes image measurement, laser measurement or measuring tool measurement.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention: the processing of the benchmark information in the collection and processing of the benchmark information and the processing of the indicator information in the collection and processing of the indicator information include data cleaning, data verification and storage after data structuring.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention: the index information collected and processed includes size accuracy index information, shape accuracy index information and position accuracy index information.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention: in the indicator evaluation, the sample standard deviation of the indicator information of each sample and the benchmark information is calculated. S The formula is: (3) In formula (3), n The number of samples to be tested; k i For the i The number of geometric variables of the sample; G ij For the i Component, j Model measurements of geometric variables; T ij For the i The sample, j The reference values ​​of the geometric variables; The overall standard deviation of the index information of all components and the benchmark information is calculated in the index evaluation σ The formula is: (4) In formula (4), n The number of samples to be tested; k i For the i The number of geometric variables of the sample; G ij For the i Component, j Model measurements of geometric variables; T ij For the i The sample, j The reference value of a geometric variable.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention: the method for determining the sample standard deviation or the population standard deviation according to the determination criteria in drawing the detection conclusion is: when the geometric accuracy error is within the geometric accuracy error limit range, it is determined that the railway BIM to be detected meets the accuracy requirements, otherwise it is determined that the accuracy requirements are not met.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention: the test report includes the specific value of the geometric accuracy error and the test conclusion.

[0018] The present invention also provides a railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection system for implementing the above-mentioned railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method, including a power supply module for supplying power to all electrical components, a first storage module for storing the data and the benchmark information, a second storage module for storing the index information, and a host for calculating the benchmark information and the index information and making judgments based on the judgment criteria to produce the production inspection report.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method and system provided by the present invention have high detection accuracy for geometric accuracy. The present invention obtains accurate data and determines clear judgment criteria through data collection, calculates accurate geometric accuracy errors by collecting and processing benchmark information, collecting and processing index information, and evaluating indexes, and then judges the calculated geometric accuracy errors according to the judgment criteria, and finally obtains the detection conclusion. The whole process does not rely on human senses for qualitative judgment, but makes quantitative judgments. At the same time, in the detection process, according to the different number of components in BIM, different methods will be adopted to calculate the geometric accuracy error. For models with a large number of components, a sampling method is adopted, that is, a certain number of sampling points covering different characteristics are selected, and the sampling points are typical and representative within the test range. The sample standard deviation is calculated according to mathematical statistics. For models with a small number of components, all samples are selected for measurement, and the overall standard deviation is calculated according to mathematical statistics. Therefore, even if the number of BIM components is extremely large, a simple process can be maintained for efficient detection. In summary, this method is based on mathematics and statistics, and is a quantitative analysis method through precise measurement and analysis, which reduces the subjectivity of human judgment and can improve the accuracy, objectivity and efficiency of the detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the present invention; Figure 2 A construction drawing of a bridge in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of measuring the protective wall component of the simply supported beam bridge deck system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below by specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein similar elements in different embodiments adopt associated similar element numbers. In the following embodiments, many details are described to enable the present application to be better understood. However, those skilled in the art can easily recognize that some features can be omitted in different situations, or can be replaced by other elements, materials, methods. In some cases, some operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification, which is to avoid the core part of the present application being overwhelmed by too much description, and for those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail, and they can fully understand the related operations according to the description in the specification and the general technical knowledge in the art.

[0022] In addition, the features, operations or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any appropriate manner to form various implementations. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can also be interchanged or adjusted in a manner that is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various sequences in the specification and the drawings are only for the purpose of clearly describing a certain embodiment and are not meant to be a necessary sequence, unless otherwise specified that a certain sequence must be followed.

[0023] The serial numbers assigned to the components in this document, such as "S1", are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application include direct and indirect connections (couplings) unless otherwise specified.

[0024] Definitions of relevant terms involved in this invention: (1) BIM technology: refers to taking a single component or object in a construction project as a basic element, and organically organizing the geometric data, physical properties, construction requirements, price information and other related information describing the basic element to form a digital building model as the data database of the entire construction project. These data organized around building components or objects not only simply reflect the geometric characteristics, physical properties and other characteristics of the building elements, but also maintain the spatial and logical relationships between them as part of the entire building. As a digital building in virtual space, it forms a complete and hierarchical information system.

[0025] (2) Model unit: A collection of entities that carry model information and their related attributes. It is the basic object for information input, delivery, and management.

[0026] (3) Geometric accuracy: Geometric accuracy is a measure of the authenticity and accuracy of the geometric expression of the model unit entity. Geometric accuracy corresponds to the corresponding level of model accuracy regulations and is divided into G1.0 to G4.0.

[0027] (4) Information depth: Information depth is a measure of the level of detail of geometric and non-geometric information of model elements. Information depth corresponds to the level of model accuracy and is divided into N1.0 to N4.0.

[0028] (5) Railway Building Information Model: A digital model that contains geometric and non-geometric information of the entire life cycle or part of the stages of railway construction. The Railway Building Information Model organizes and represents the railway and its components in the form of data objects, and has the functions of data sharing, transmission and collaboration.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, the railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: S1. Data collection: S101, collect data and store them in the first storage module, the data including standard specifications, drawings, description documents and photos of the physical object; the data is used to determine the judgment standard and the data search, comparison and calculation of the test process; the drawings include design drawings and engineering drawings, and the description documents are the equipment manual; S2. Determine the judgment criteria: S201, obtaining the geometric accuracy error tolerance between the railway BIM to be detected and the drawing or between the railway BIM to be detected and the physical object according to the standard specification in S101, or defining the geometric accuracy error tolerance between the railway BIM to be detected and the drawing or between the railway BIM to be detected and the physical object according to actual engineering needs; The geometric accuracy error tolerance is the allowable range of geometric accuracy error of the railway BIM to be tested as specified in the standard specification or defined according to actual engineering needs. The geometric accuracy error is the sample standard deviation of the geometric accuracy index calculated by mathematical statistics. S or population standard deviation σ .

[0030] Sample standard deviation S The calculation formula is as follows: (1) Population standard deviation σ The calculation formula is as follows: (2) In formula (1) and formula (2), n is the number of samples, x i For the i samples, is the sample mean.

[0031] S202, using the geometric accuracy error tolerance as a criterion for determining the geometric accuracy level of the railway BIM to be detected, and establishing a determination criterion based on the determination criterion, wherein the railway BIM to be detected has met the accuracy requirement if its geometric accuracy error is within the geometric accuracy error tolerance range, otherwise it has not met the accuracy requirement, and the determination criterion is stored in the first storage module.

[0032] S3. Collection and processing of benchmark information: S301. The design geometric parameters are obtained from the drawings and the geometric parameters of the physical object are obtained through the description document or by measuring the physical object, or the method of obtaining the design geometric parameters from the drawings includes collecting the design geometric parameters clearly displayed in the drawings in the form of annotations by using image recognition technology, text recognition technology or manual entry. The method of measuring the physical object includes image measurement, laser measurement or measuring tool measurement.

[0033] S302. Use the designed geometric parameters or the physical geometric parameters as reference information, process the reference information and store it in a first storage module; the processing includes data cleaning, data verification and storage after data structuring, and the data cleaning includes removing duplicate, erroneous or irrelevant data.

[0034] S4. Collection and processing of indicator information: S401, determining the number of all components included in the railway BIM to be detected; S402, when the number is large, a plurality of the components are selected from all the components in proportion as sampling samples, and geometric accuracy information of the sampling samples is collected as index information through dedicated software; when the number is small, geometric accuracy information of all the components is collected as index information through dedicated software; Whether the number of components is large or small is not determined by a fixed numerical standard, but is based on a variety of factors, including but not limited to sample type, inspection purpose, resource limitations, and inspection accuracy requirements.

[0035] The index information collected and processed includes dimension accuracy index information, shape accuracy index information and position accuracy index information. The index information is generally selected to have typical and representative geometric parameters and must correspond to the reference information.

[0036] The dedicated software includes the creation platform software corresponding to the BIM of the railway to be tested and the cross-platform general software compatible with the model. The collection of geometric accuracy information includes the automatic collection software collection method of model geometric accuracy information based on the secondary development of the BIM creation platform of the railway to be tested, the manual measurement collection method based on the native function of the BIM creation platform of the railway to be tested, and the automatic collection software collection method of model geometric accuracy information based on the development of cross-platform general software.

[0037] S403, processing the indicator information and storing it in a second storage module; the processing includes data cleaning, data verification and storage after data structuring, and the data cleaning includes removing duplicate, erroneous or irrelevant data.

[0038] S5. Index evaluation: S501, calculate the geometric accuracy error according to different situations; When the number is large, the sample standard deviation between the index information of each sample and the benchmark information is calculated and stored in the second storage module; the sample standard deviation is calculated according to formula (1): S The formula is: (3) In formula (3), n The number of samples to be tested; k i For the i The number of geometric variables of the sample; G ij For the i Component, j Model measurements of geometric variables; T ij For the i The sample, j The reference value of a geometric variable.

[0039] When the number is small, the overall standard deviation of the index information of all components and the benchmark information is calculated and stored in the second storage module; the overall standard deviation is calculated according to formula (2): σ The formula is: (4) In formula (4), n The number of samples to be tested; k i For the i The number of geometric variables of the sample; G ij For the i Component, j Model measurements of geometric variables; T ij For the i The sample, j The reference value of a geometric variable.

[0040] The sample standard deviation or the population standard deviation is a geometric precision error.

[0041] S6. Draw the test conclusion: S601. The host determines the sample standard deviation or the population standard deviation according to the determination criteria to obtain a detection conclusion. The method for determining the sample standard deviation or the population standard deviation according to the determination criteria in obtaining the detection conclusion is: when the geometric accuracy error is within the geometric accuracy error tolerance range, it is determined that the railway BIM to be detected meets the accuracy requirements, otherwise it does not meet the accuracy requirements.

[0042] S602, the host produces a test report, the test report including the specific value of the geometric accuracy error and the test conclusion.

[0043] The railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection system provided by the present invention includes a power supply module for supplying power to all electrical components, a first storage module for storing the data and the benchmark information, a second storage module for storing the index information, and a host for calculating the benchmark information and the index information and making judgments based on the judgment criteria to produce the production detection report.

[0044] [Example 1] Taking the BIM system of a simply supported beam bridge deck as an example, the steps for geometric accuracy detection based on the railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method and system are as follows: S1. Data collection: S101, collecting "Railway Engineering Information Model Delivery Accuracy Standard" and storing it in the first storage module for determining the judgment standard; collecting the construction drawings corresponding to the bridge and storing them in the first storage module for test process data search, comparison and calculation; S2. Determine the judgment criteria: S201. According to the "Railway Engineering Information Model Delivery Accuracy Standard", taking the model size accuracy as an example, the geometric accuracy requirement of the LOD3.0 bridge model is: "Bridge deck system: modeling geometric accuracy should be 10mm", and its error tolerance is 10mm; the geometric accuracy requirement of the LOD3.5 bridge model is, for example, "Bridge deck system: modeling geometric accuracy should be 1mm", and its error tolerance is 1mm; S202, if the geometric accuracy error is within 10mm, the BIM of a simple-supported beam bridge deck meets the geometric accuracy requirement of LOD3.0, otherwise it does not meet the geometric accuracy requirement of LOD3.0; if the geometric accuracy error is within 1mm, the BIM of a simple-supported beam bridge deck meets the geometric accuracy requirement of LOD3.5, otherwise it does not meet the geometric accuracy requirement of LOD3.5. The judgment criteria are stored in the first storage module; S3. Collection and processing of benchmark information: S301, such as Figure 2 As shown, the design geometric parameters of the bridge deck protection wall components are directly read from the construction drawing of the bridge as the reference information. The top width, bottom width and height are 200mm, 250mm and 750mm respectively. S301, after data cleaning and data verification of the benchmark information, the benchmark information is stored in a first storage module according to the structure of name and value; S4. Collection and processing of indicator information: S401, there are 210 bridge deck protection walls, and the geometric accuracy information of each protection wall component is 3; S402. In this embodiment, it is determined based on various factors that the number of protective wall components of the bridge deck is large. A 20% sampling method is adopted to extract 42 protective wall components. The top width, bottom width and height of the dimensional accuracy index information of the protective wall components are selected as the index information. The index information of the protective wall components is manually measured and collected through the Microstation model creation platform. Figure 3 As shown; S403, the stored indicator information after data cleaning, data verification and data structuring is stored in the second storage module, as shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0045]

[0046]

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] S5. Index evaluation: S501, the host retrieves the data in the first storage module and the second storage module and calculates the sample standard deviation of the index information of the sample and the benchmark information according to formula (3) S =4.47mm.

[0050] S6. Test conclusion: S601, host calculates S =4.47mm, according to the judgment criteria determined in S202 S =4.47mm<10mm, the BIM deck system protective wall components of a simply supported beam bridge have reached the geometric accuracy requirements of LOD3.0.

[0051] S602, host production test report: "Due to the sample standard deviation of the index information of the sampling sample and the benchmark information S =4.47mm, the BIM deck system protection wall components of a simply supported beam bridge have reached the geometric accuracy requirements of LOD3.0. " The above specific examples are used to illustrate the present invention, which is only used to help understand the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions can be made.

Claims

1. Railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method, It is characterized in that include: Data collection: Collect information, including standard specifications, drawings, description documents and photos of physical objects; Determine the judgment criteria: Establishing a judgment criterion based on the geometric accuracy error tolerance between the railway BIM to be tested and the drawing or the physical object obtained according to the standard specification or defined according to actual engineering needs; Collection and processing of benchmark information: Obtaining design geometric parameters according to the drawings or obtaining physical geometric parameters through description documents or measuring physical objects, and processing the design geometric parameters or physical geometric parameters as reference information; Collection and processing of indicator information: Determine the number of all components included in the railway BIM to be tested; when the number is large, select a plurality of the components in proportion from all the components as sampling samples, and collect geometric accuracy information of the sampling samples through dedicated software; When the number is small, the geometric accuracy information of all the components is collected by special software; the geometric accuracy information is processed as index information; Index evaluation: Calculating the sample standard deviation of the index information of each sample and the benchmark information or calculating the overall standard deviation of the index information of all components and the benchmark information; The test conclusion is: The sample standard deviation or the population standard deviation is determined according to the determination criteria to draw a test conclusion and produce a test report.

2. The railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The geometric accuracy error tolerance in the determination criteria is the allowable range of geometric accuracy error of the railway BIM to be tested as specified in the standard specification or defined according to actual engineering needs.

3. The railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The method for obtaining the design geometric parameters according to the drawing in the collection and processing of the benchmark information includes collecting the design geometric parameters displayed in the drawing in a marked manner by using image recognition technology, text recognition technology or manual entry.

4. The railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The method of measuring the object in the collection and processing of the reference information includes image measurement, laser measurement or measuring tool measurement.

5. The railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The processing of the benchmark information in the collection and processing of the benchmark information and the processing of the indicator information in the collection and processing of the indicator information include data cleaning, data verification and storage after data structuring.

6. The railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The index information collected and processed includes size accuracy index information, shape accuracy index information and position accuracy index information.

7. The railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The indicator evaluation calculates the sample standard deviation of the indicator information of each sample and the benchmark information S The formula is: （3） In formula (3), n The number of samples to be sampled for testing; k i For the i The number of geometric variables of the sample; G ij For the i Component, j Model measurements of geometric variables; T ij For the i The sample, j The reference values ​​of the geometric variables; The overall standard deviation of the index information of all components and the benchmark information is calculated in the index evaluation σ The formula is: （4） In formula (4), n The number of samples to be sampled for testing; k i For the i The number of geometric variables of the sample; G ij For the i Component, j Model measurements of geometric variables; T ij For the i The sample, j The reference value of a geometric variable.

8. The railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The method for determining the sample standard deviation or the population standard deviation according to the determination criteria in the detection conclusion is as follows: when the geometric accuracy error is within the geometric accuracy error tolerance range, it is determined that the railway BIM to be detected meets the accuracy requirements, otherwise it is determined that the accuracy requirements are not met.

9. The railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The test report includes the specific value of the geometric accuracy error and the test conclusion.

10. A railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection system implementing the railway BIM model geometric accuracy detection method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that It includes a power supply module for supplying power to all electrical components, a first storage module for storing the data and the benchmark information, a second storage module for storing the index information, and a host for calculating the benchmark information and the index information and making judgments based on the judgment criteria to produce the production inspection report.

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