A distributed balanced charging system and method based on energy storage power supply

Abstract

A distributed balanced charging system and method based on an energy storage power supply belongs to the technical field of energy storage power supplies, and solves the problems of slow balancing speed and low balancing efficiency that still exist in long chain battery packs. The system of the present invention includes: a power supply, a current transmitter, a control circuit, and a single balanced energy storage element. The amount of electricity that each energy storage element should store is obtained through calculation by the control circuit. The single balanced energy storage element prevents each energy storage element from overloading or underloading by self-adjusting. By improving the system structure, the four single elements can be charged and discharged by themselves by using coupled inductors. The principle of the clamp potential is to change the size of the potential by charging and discharging the coupling element, and control the current flow direction of the high-frequency switch, so as to charge or discharge. The present invention is suitable for distributed balanced charging of energy storage power supplies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage power supplies, and in particular to distributed balanced charging of energy storage power supplies. Background Art

[0002] As the core support for the development of new energy, the innovation and breakthrough of energy storage technology will become an important leading technology to drive the adjustment of the global energy structure. Due to the inevitable manufacturing differences and the fact that the battery will be affected by different internal and external factors such as self-discharge rate, aging degree, working status and working environment during the charging and discharging process, the difference in this change will become more and more significant with the increase in the number of uses. The use of battery packs in series will be affected by the inconsistency between batteries, and overcharging and over-discharging are very likely to occur, which greatly reduces the battery performance. How to solve the "short board effect" of battery capacity has become a bottleneck restricting the safe and reliable operation of battery packs. However, the current balancing technology applied at home and abroad in long-chain battery packs still has problems such as slow balancing speed and low balancing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of slow balancing speed and low balancing efficiency that still exist in the existing long chain battery packs, and to provide a distributed balancing charging system and method based on an energy storage power supply.

[0004] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions. On one hand, the present invention provides a distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply, the system comprising: a power supply, a current transmitter, a control circuit and a single balanced energy storage element;

[0005] When the power supply is turned on, the current transmitter transmits the detected signal to the control circuit, and the control circuit transmits the signal to the single-unit balanced energy storage element after calculation, and distributes the electricity evenly to each energy storage element in the single-unit balanced energy storage element by self-regulation;

[0006] The single balanced energy storage element includes n energy storage elements, wherein the first n-1 energy storage elements are each composed of an energy storage element, two bidirectional switches, a high-frequency switch, a coupled inductor and a bidirectional switch connected in series, and the nth energy storage element is composed of an energy storage element, two bidirectional switches, a high-frequency switch and a bidirectional switch connected in series;

[0007] When a certain energy storage element i needs to convert electric energy to an adjacent energy storage element j on one side, the control circuit issues an instruction to keep the two bidirectional switches of the energy storage element i and the bidirectional switch closest to the energy storage element j among the adjacent energy storage element k on the other side of the energy storage element j in a normally open state; at this time, due to the working principle of voltage clamping, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element i is turned on, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element j is turned off, and the coupled inductor of the energy storage element i forms a loop with the energy storage element of the energy storage element i. When the electric quantity of the coupled inductor of the energy storage element i reaches a preset value, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element i is turned off, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element j is turned on, and the coupled inductor of the energy storage element i forms a loop with the energy storage element of the energy storage element j, thereby completing the electric energy conversion.

[0008] Furthermore, the control circuit transmits the signal to the single-unit balanced energy storage element after calculation, specifically:

[0009] After receiving the current signal from the current transmitter, the control circuit calculates the average amount of electricity that should be distributed to each energy storage element;

[0010] After charging is completed, the actual power of each energy storage element is obtained, and the actual power of the energy storage element is fed back to the control circuit, and compared with the power value calculated by the control circuit in turn to determine which two energy storage elements need energy transfer, and transmit the signal to the single-cell balancing energy storage element.

[0011] Furthermore, the self-regulation method for evenly distributing the electricity to each energy storage element in the single-unit balanced energy storage element is as follows:

[0012] When energy storage element i needs to charge energy storage element j, energy storage element i first stores energy in the coupled inductor. When the voltage drop of the coupled inductor is the same as the voltage drop of the energy storage element i, the high-frequency switch will automatically turn off, and then the coupled inductor is connected to the energy storage element j to transfer energy to the energy storage element j.

[0013] Furthermore, when the electric quantity of the coupled inductor of the energy storage element k reaches a preset value, the preset value is specifically: the difference between the electric quantity calculated by the energy storage element i and the control circuit.

[0014] Further, the control circuit includes system power-on, current signal, high-precision A / D sampling, CPU, storage circuit, communication circuit and energy storage system;

[0015] When the system is powered on, the current signal enters the CPU through high-precision A / D sampling. The CPU divides the power into four equal parts through calculation, determines the power value of a normal single energy storage element, and transmits the signal to the energy storage system through the communication circuit. The energy storage system controls the single balanced energy storage element to charge all the energy storage elements to the power value of the normal energy storage element through self-adjustment. The storage circuit records the power of the energy storage element at each moment.

[0016] Furthermore, the single-body balanced energy storage element includes four energy storage elements.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a distributed balanced charging method based on an energy storage power supply, the method comprising: starting power-on through the power supply, the current transmitter transmits the detected signal to the control circuit, the control circuit transmits the signal to the single balanced energy storage element after calculation, and the single balanced energy storage element distributes the electricity evenly to each energy storage element in a self-regulating manner.

[0018] Furthermore, the self-regulation method is as follows: when the control circuit transmits a signal to a single balanced energy storage element after calculation, each energy storage element is charged and discharged according to a current value determined by the control circuit.

[0019] Furthermore, each energy storage element is charged and discharged according to the current value determined by the control circuit, specifically:

[0020] When energy storage element i needs to charge energy storage element j, energy storage element i first stores energy in the coupled inductor. When the voltage drop of the coupled inductor is the same as the voltage drop of the energy storage element i, the high-frequency switch will automatically turn off, and then the coupled inductor is connected to the energy storage element j to transfer energy to the energy storage element j.

[0021] Furthermore, the control circuit transmits the signal to the single-unit balanced energy storage element after calculation, specifically:

[0022] After receiving the current signal from the current transmitter, the control circuit calculates the average amount of electricity that should be distributed to each energy storage element;

[0023] After charging is completed, the actual power of each energy storage element is obtained, and the actual power of the energy storage element is fed back to the control circuit, and compared with the power value calculated by the control circuit in turn to determine which two energy storage elements need energy transfer, and transmit the signal to the single-cell balancing energy storage element.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] The present invention introduces the equalization technology and proposes the design of a distributed equalization charging system for the energy storage power source, which can greatly improve the working performance of the battery pack and enhance the safety of the system.

[0026] The present invention calculates the amount of electricity that each energy storage element should store through the calculation of the control circuit. The single-cell (such as four-cell) balanced energy storage element prevents each energy storage element from overloading or underloading through self-regulation. The system structure is improved so that self-regulation can be performed through the single-cell structure. The principle of the clamp potential is to change the size of the potential by charging and discharging the coupling element, and control the current direction of the high-frequency switch, thereby charging or discharging.

[0027] The system of the present invention utilizes coupled inductance to enable the four monomer elements to charge and discharge automatically. The coupled inductance can change the voltage at the coupled inductance position, thereby changing the direction of the voltage drop, and finally completing the energy transmission from one energy storage element to another energy storage element.

[0028] The present invention can significantly improve the safety and life of battery packs by studying the distributed balanced charging of energy storage power sources, and has a certain boosting effect on the development of new energy business. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of a single balanced energy storage element of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a block diagram of the internal structure of the control circuit of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: power supply 1, current transmitter 2, control circuit 3, single balanced energy storage element 4, fourth energy storage element 5, third energy storage element 6, second energy storage element 7, first energy storage element 8, fourth upper bidirectional switch 9, fourth lower bidirectional switch 10, third upper bidirectional switch 11, third lower bidirectional switch 12, second upper bidirectional switch 13, second lower bidirectional switch 14, first upper bidirectional switch 15, first lower bidirectional switch 16, fourth coupled inductor 17, third coupled inductor 18, second coupled inductor 19, fourth high-frequency switch 20, third high-frequency switch 21, second high-frequency switch 22, first high-frequency switch 23, system power-on 24, current signal 25, high-precision A / D sampling 26, CPU 27, storage circuit 28, communication circuit 29, energy storage system 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1: A distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply, the system comprising: a power supply 1, a current transmitter 2, a control circuit 3 and a single balanced energy storage element 4;

[0036] When the power supply 1 is powered on, the current transmitter 2 transmits the detected signal to the control circuit 3, and the control circuit 3 transmits the signal to the single-unit balanced energy storage element 4 after calculation, and distributes the electricity evenly to each energy storage element in the single-unit balanced energy storage element 4 in a self-regulating manner;

[0037] The single balanced energy storage element 4 includes n energy storage elements, wherein the first n-1 energy storage elements are each composed of an energy storage element, two bidirectional switches, a high-frequency switch, a coupled inductor and a bidirectional switch connected in series, and the nth energy storage element is composed of an energy storage element, two bidirectional switches, a high-frequency switch and a bidirectional switch connected in series;

[0038] When a certain energy storage element i needs to convert electric energy to an adjacent energy storage element j on one side, the control circuit 3 issues an instruction to keep the two bidirectional switches of the energy storage element i and the bidirectional switch closest to the energy storage element j among the adjacent energy storage element k on the other side of the energy storage element j in a normally open state; at this time, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element i is turned on, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element j is turned off, the coupled inductor of the energy storage element i forms a loop with the energy storage element of the energy storage element i, and when the electric quantity of the coupled inductor of the energy storage element i reaches a preset value, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element i is turned off, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element j is turned on, the coupled inductor of the energy storage element i forms a loop with the energy storage element of the energy storage element j, and the electric energy conversion is completed.

[0039] It should be noted that the current transmitter detects the current signal, which is all the energy that can be received by the energy storage element. The purpose of this application is to average this energy into each energy storage element.

[0040] The coupled inductor in this embodiment provides the function of intermediate energy transmission, and the addition of the coupled inductor can make the single energy storage element self-regulating. Since the principle of high-frequency switching is the principle of clamp voltage method, if energy transmission is required between two energy storage elements, the excess energy of the high-energy energy storage element must first be transferred to the coupled inductor. When the voltage of the coupled inductor reaches a certain amount of electricity, it will cut off the connection with the high-energy energy storage element, and then connect with the low-energy energy storage element to transfer energy to the low-energy energy storage element.

[0041] The system of this embodiment calculates the amount of electricity that each energy storage element should store through the calculation of the control circuit, and prevents each energy storage element from overloading or underloading through self-regulation through single cells such as single cell balancing energy storage elements, and improves the system structure so that self-regulation can be performed through the single cell structure. The principle of the clamp potential is to change the potential by charging and discharging the coupling element, control the current direction of the high-frequency switch, and thus charge or discharge, which can effectively improve the working performance of the battery pack and improve the safety of its system.

[0042] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is a further limitation on the distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply as described above. In this embodiment, the control circuit 3 transmits the signal to the single balanced energy storage element 4 after calculation, which is further limited, specifically including:

[0043] The control circuit 3 transmits the signal to the single-unit balanced energy storage element 4 after calculation, specifically:

[0044] After receiving the current signal from the current transmitter 2, the control circuit 3 calculates the average amount of electricity that should be distributed to each energy storage element;

[0045] After charging is completed, the actual power of each energy storage element is obtained, and the actual power of the energy storage element is fed back to the control circuit 3, and compared with the power value calculated by the control circuit 3 in turn to determine which two energy storage elements need energy transfer, and transmit the signal to the single-cell balancing energy storage element 4.

[0046] In this embodiment, the control circuit first receives the current signal from the transmitter and divides this energy into four parts. This is the energy that each energy storage element should obtain. However, the energy storage capacity of each energy storage element is different during the charging process, resulting in different amounts of electricity received by each energy storage element. Therefore, after charging is completed, the energy storage element will count its own electricity, feed back the actual electricity of the energy storage element to the control circuit, and compare it with the electricity value calculated by the control circuit in turn. After comparison, the amount of electricity is used to match which two energy storage elements need energy transmission.

[0047] When the distributed energy storage system is charged, the control circuit transmits a signal to the energy storage element. After specifying the amount of electricity stored in the energy storage element, the energy storage element itself begins to detect its own electricity and transmits its own electricity signal to the control circuit. Finally, the control circuit controls the adjacent high-energy energy storage element to supply energy to the low-energy energy storage element.

[0048] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is a further limitation of the distributed balanced charging system based on the energy storage power supply as described above. In this embodiment, the self-regulation method for evenly distributing the electricity to each energy storage element in the single balanced energy storage element 4 is further limited, specifically including:

[0049] The self-regulation method for evenly distributing the electricity to each energy storage element in the single-unit balanced energy storage element 4 is as follows:

[0050] When energy storage element i needs to charge energy storage element j, energy storage element i first stores energy in the coupled inductor. When the voltage drop of the coupled inductor is the same as the voltage drop of the energy storage element i, the high-frequency switch will automatically turn off, and then the coupled inductor is connected to the energy storage element j to transfer energy to the energy storage element j.

[0051] The distribution principle in this embodiment is to use voltage drop to complete. By setting a coupled inductor, several monomer elements can charge and discharge by themselves, changing the voltage at the position of the coupled inductor, thereby changing the direction of the voltage drop, and finally completing the energy transfer from one energy storage element to another.

[0052] Implementation mode 4: This implementation mode is a further limitation on the distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply as described above. In this implementation mode, the preset value is further limited, specifically including:

[0053] When the electric quantity of the coupled inductor of the energy storage element k reaches a preset value, the preset value is specifically: the difference between the electric quantity calculated by the energy storage element i and the control circuit 3 .

[0054] In this implementation, a setting method of the preset value is provided, that is, the preset value is the excess energy of the high-energy storage element compared with the normal power calculated by the control circuit.

[0055] Implementation mode 5: This implementation mode is a further limitation on the distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply as described above. In this implementation mode, the control circuit is further limited, specifically including:

[0056] Control circuit 3 includes system power-on, current signal, high-precision A / D sampling, CPU, storage circuit, communication circuit and energy storage system;

[0057] When the system is powered on, the current signal enters the CPU through high-precision A / D sampling. The CPU divides the power into four equal parts through calculation, determines the power value of a normal single energy storage element, and transmits the signal to the energy storage system through the communication circuit. The energy storage system controls the single balanced energy storage element 4 to charge all the energy storage elements to the power value of the normal energy storage element through self-adjustment. The storage circuit maintains the power of the energy storage element at each moment.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, system power-on means that the system starts charging, the current signal refers to the signal collected by the current transmitter, that is, the total current of the system charging, the high-precision A / D sampling converts the current signal into a digital signal, the CPU receives the digital signal, and the storage circuit maintains the power of the energy storage element at each moment.

[0059] Embodiment 6: This embodiment is a further limitation on the distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply as described above. In this embodiment, the single balanced energy storage element 4 is further limited, specifically including:

[0060] The single-unit balancing energy storage element 4 includes four energy storage elements.

[0061] For reasons of cost and functionality, four energy storage elements are preferred in this embodiment.

[0062] Implementation method 7: This implementation method is an implementation method 1 of a distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply as described above, and specifically includes:

[0063] A distributed balanced charging system for an energy storage power source comprises a power source, a current transmitter, a control circuit, and a single balanced energy storage element.

[0064] The power supply: adopts a 400V power supply (simulating a 400±5%V DC bus).

[0065] The single-cell balancing energy storage element includes 4 energy storage elements, 4 high-frequency switches, 8 bidirectional switches and 3 coupled inductors, and can directly balance two adjacent battery cells in the battery group through buck-boost mode and flyback mode. During the operation of the entire system, it can work at any time in a mode. As long as there is an imbalance in the battery cells in the battery group (the imbalance state is determined based on the power value of the normal energy storage element calculated by the CPU, and when the power of the energy storage element is lower than the calculated value, it is considered unbalanced), the single-cell balancing energy storage element will start working.

[0066] The high frequency switch adopts the working principle of voltage clamping.

[0067] The control circuit includes system power-on, current signal, high-precision A / D sampling, CPU, storage circuit, communication circuit, and energy storage system. When the system is powered on, the current signal enters the CPU through high-precision A / D sampling, the CPU divides the power into four equal parts through calculation, specifies the power value of a normal single energy storage element, transmits the signal to the single balanced energy storage element through the communication circuit, and the single balanced energy storage element charges the four energy storage elements to the power value of the normal energy storage element through self-regulation.

[0068] The communication circuit adopts the RS-485 communication mode.

[0069] The system of this embodiment has the following functions: the amount of electricity that each energy storage element should store is obtained through calculation by the control circuit, and each energy storage element is prevented from overloading or underloading by self-regulating through the single-unit balancing energy storage element.

[0070] Implementation 8: This implementation is an implementation 2 of a distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply as described above, and specifically includes:

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, a distributed balanced charging system of an energy storage power source includes a power source 1, a current transmitter 2, a control circuit 3, and a single balanced energy storage element 4.

[0072] When the power supply 1 is powered on, the current transmitter 2 transmits the detected signal to the control circuit 3, which transmits the signal to the single-unit balanced energy storage element 4 after calculation, and the single-unit balanced energy storage element 4 distributes the electricity to the fourth energy storage element 5, the third energy storage element 6, the second energy storage element 7, and the first energy storage element 8 in a self-adjusting manner, thereby realizing the effective utilization of the battery pack capacity.

[0073] The self-regulation means that when the control circuit 3 transmits a signal to the single-unit balancing energy storage element 4 after calculation, the fourth energy storage element 5, the third energy storage element 6, the second energy storage element 7, and the first energy storage element 8 are charged and discharged according to the current value specified by the control circuit 3.

[0074] like Figure 2As shown, the single-unit balanced energy storage element 4 includes a fourth energy storage element 5, a third energy storage element 6, a second energy storage element 7, a first energy storage element 8, a fourth upper bidirectional switch 9, a fourth lower bidirectional switch 10, a third upper bidirectional switch 11, a third lower bidirectional switch 12, a second upper bidirectional switch 13, a second lower bidirectional switch 14, a first upper bidirectional switch 15, a first lower bidirectional switch 16, a fourth coupled inductor 17, a third coupled inductor 18, a second coupled inductor 19, a fourth high-frequency switch 20, a third high-frequency switch 21, a second high-frequency switch 22, and a first high-frequency switch 23. Specifically, the fourth energy storage element 5 is connected in series with the fourth upper bidirectional switch 9, the fourth high-frequency switch 20, the fourth coupling inductor 17, and the fourth lower bidirectional switch 10 to form a unit; the third energy storage element 6 is connected in series with the third upper bidirectional switch 11, the third high-frequency switch 21, the third coupling inductor 18, and the third lower bidirectional switch 12 to form a unit; the second energy storage element 7 is connected in series with the second upper bidirectional switch 13, the second high-frequency switch 22, the second coupling inductor 19, and the second lower bidirectional switch 14 to form a unit; the first energy storage element 8 is connected in series with the first upper bidirectional switch 15, the first high-frequency switch 23, and the first lower bidirectional switch 16 to form a unit; A unit, and finally four units are connected in parallel to form a single-unit balanced energy storage element 4. In the operation of the entire system, this embodiment performs buck-boost mode balancing through adjacent monomers or groups. For example, the fourth energy storage element 5 can charge the third energy storage element 6, and the second energy storage element 7 can charge the first energy storage element 8. If the fourth energy storage element 5 needs to charge the second energy storage element 7, the fourth energy storage element 5 first needs to charge the third energy storage element 6. Therefore, the balancing action and the loop current change are consistent. This embodiment summarizes the principle of a single-unit balanced energy storage element 4 through a mode:

[0075] When the fourth energy storage element 5 needs to convert electric energy to the third energy storage element 6, the control circuit 3 will issue an instruction to keep the second upper bidirectional switch 13, the fourth upper bidirectional switch 9, and the fourth lower bidirectional switch 10 in a normally open state. Due to the working principle of voltage clamping, the fourth high-frequency switch 20 is turned on, and the third high-frequency switch 21 is turned off. The fourth coupled inductor 17 forms a loop with the fourth energy storage element 5, and the fourth energy storage element 5 charges the fourth coupled inductor 17. When the amount of the fourth coupled inductor 17 reaches a certain level, due to the working principle of power clamping, the fourth high-frequency switch 20 is shorted, the third high-frequency switch 21 is turned on, the fourth coupled inductor 17 forms a loop with the third energy storage element 6, and the fourth coupled inductor 17 charges the third energy storage element 6, completing the electric energy conversion from the fourth energy storage element 5 to the third energy storage element 6.

[0076] like Figure 3As shown, the control circuit includes system power-on 24, current signal 25, high-precision A / D sampling 26, CPU 27, storage circuit 28, communication circuit 29, and energy storage system 30. When the system is powered on 24, the current signal 25 enters the CPU 27 through the high-precision A / D sampling 26. The CPU 27 divides the power into four equal parts through calculation, specifies the power value of a normal single energy storage element, and transmits the signal to the energy storage system 30 through the communication circuit 29. The energy storage system 30 controls the single balanced energy storage element to charge the four energy storage elements to the power value of the normal energy storage element through self-regulation.

[0077] Embodiment 9, a distributed balanced charging system method of an energy storage power supply, specifically includes: starting power-on through power supply 1, current transmitter 2 transmits the detected signal to control circuit 3, control circuit 3 transmits the signal to single balanced energy storage element 4 after calculation, single balanced energy storage element 4 distributes the electricity evenly to fourth energy storage element 5, third energy storage element 6, second energy storage element 7, first energy storage element 8 by self-regulation. Effective utilization of battery pack capacity is achieved.

[0078] The monomer balancing energy storage element 4 includes a fourth energy storage element 5, a third energy storage element 6, a second energy storage element 7, a first energy storage element 8, a fourth upper bidirectional switch 9, a fourth lower bidirectional switch 10, a third upper bidirectional switch 11, a third lower bidirectional switch 12, a second upper bidirectional switch 13, a second lower bidirectional switch 14, a first upper bidirectional switch 15, a first lower bidirectional switch 16, a fourth coupling inductor 17, a third coupling inductor 18, a second coupling inductor 19, a fourth high-frequency switch 20, a third high-frequency switch 21, a second high-frequency switch 22, and a first high-frequency switch 23. In the operation of the entire system, when the buck-boost mode is balanced by adjacent monomers or groups in this embodiment, the balancing action and the loop current change are consistent. This embodiment summarizes the principle of the monomer balancing energy storage element 4 by explaining one of the modes:

[0079] When the second upper bidirectional switch 13, the fourth upper bidirectional switch 9, and the fourth lower bidirectional switch 10 are kept in the normally open state, due to the working principle of voltage clamping, the fourth high-frequency switch 20 is turned on, and the third high-frequency switch 21 is turned off. The fourth coupling inductor 17 forms a loop with the fourth energy storage element 5, and the fourth energy storage element 5 charges the fourth coupling inductor 17. When the power of the fourth coupling inductor 17 reaches a certain level, due to the working principle of power clamping, the fourth high-frequency switch 20 is shorted, the third high-frequency switch 21 is turned on, the fourth coupling inductor 17 forms a loop with the third energy storage element 6, and the fourth coupling inductor 17 charges the third energy storage element 6, completing the power conversion from the fourth energy storage element 5 to the third energy storage element 6. Finally, the effective utilization of the battery pack capacity can be achieved.

[0080] The control circuit 3 includes a system power-on 24, a current signal 25, a high-precision A / D sampling 26, a CPU 27, a storage circuit 28, a communication circuit 29, and an energy storage system 30. When the system is powered on 24, the current signal 25 enters the CPU 27 through the high-precision A / D sampling 26. The CPU 27 divides the electric quantity into four equal parts by calculation, specifies the electric quantity value of a normal single energy storage element, and transmits the signal to the energy storage system 30 through the communication circuit 29. The energy storage system 30 controls the single-unit balancing energy storage element to charge the four energy storage elements to the electric quantity value of the normal energy storage element by self-regulation.

Claims

1. A distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply, characterized in that: The system comprises: a power supply (1), a current transmitter (2), a control circuit (3) and a single-unit balanced energy storage element (4); The power supply (1) is powered on, the current transmitter (2) transmits the detected signal to the control circuit (3), the control circuit (3) transmits the signal to the single-unit balanced energy storage element (4) after calculation, and distributes the electricity evenly to each energy storage element in the single-unit balanced energy storage element (4) in a self-regulating manner; The single-unit balanced energy storage element (4) comprises n energy storage units, wherein the first n-1 energy storage units are each composed of an energy storage element, a first bidirectional switch, a high-frequency switch, a coupled inductor, and a second bidirectional switch connected in series in sequence, and the nth energy storage unit is composed of an energy storage element, a first bidirectional switch, a high-frequency switch, and a second bidirectional switch connected in series in sequence; When a certain energy storage element i needs to perform electric energy conversion on an adjacent energy storage element j on one side, the control circuit (3) issues an instruction to keep the two bidirectional switches of the energy storage element i and the bidirectional switch closest to the energy storage element j among the adjacent energy storage elements k on the other side of the energy storage element j in a normally open state; at this time, due to the working principle of voltage clamping, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element i is turned on, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element j is turned off, and the coupled inductor of the energy storage element i forms a loop with the energy storage element of the energy storage element i; when the electric quantity of the coupled inductor of the energy storage element i reaches a preset value, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element i is turned off, the high-frequency switch of the energy storage element j is turned on, and the coupled inductor of the energy storage element i forms a loop with the energy storage element of the energy storage element j, thereby completing the electric energy conversion; The control circuit (3) transmits the signal to the single-unit balanced energy storage element (4) after calculation, specifically: After receiving the current signal from the current transmitter (2), the control circuit (3) calculates the average amount of electricity that should be distributed to each energy storage element; After charging is completed, the actual power of each energy storage element is obtained, the actual power of the energy storage element is fed back to the control circuit (3), and the actual power is compared with the power value calculated by the control circuit (3) in turn to determine which two energy storage elements need energy transmission, and the signal is transmitted to the single-unit balancing energy storage element (4); The method of evenly distributing the electricity to each energy storage element in the single-unit balanced energy storage element (4) by self-regulation is specifically as follows: When energy storage element i needs to charge energy storage element j, energy storage element i first stores energy in the coupled inductor. When the voltage drop of the coupled inductor is the same as the voltage drop of the energy storage element i, the high-frequency switch will automatically turn off, and then the coupled inductor is connected to the energy storage element j to transfer energy to the energy storage element j.

2. A distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the electric quantity of the coupled inductor of the energy storage element i reaches a preset value, the preset value is specifically: the difference between the electric quantity calculated by the energy storage element i and the control circuit (3).

3. A distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit (3) includes system power-on, current signal, high-precision A / D sampling, CPU, storage circuit, communication circuit and energy storage system; When the system is powered on, the current signal enters the CPU through high-precision A / D sampling. The CPU divides the power into four equal parts through calculation, determines the power value of a normal single energy storage element, and transmits the signal to the energy storage system through the communication circuit. The energy storage system controls the single balanced energy storage element (4) to charge all the energy storage elements to the power value of the normal energy storage element through self-regulation. The storage circuit records the power of the energy storage element at each moment.

4. A distributed balanced charging system based on energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-unit balanced energy storage element (4) includes four energy storage elements.

5. A charging method for a distributed balanced charging system based on an energy storage power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises: starting power-on through a power supply (1), the current transmitter (2) transmitting a detected signal to a control circuit (3), the control circuit (3) transmitting the signal to a single-unit balanced energy storage element (4) after calculation, and the single-unit balanced energy storage element (4) evenly distributing the electricity to each energy storage element in a self-regulating manner; The self-regulation method is as follows: when the control circuit (3) transmits a signal to the single-unit balanced energy storage element (4) after calculation, each energy storage element is charged and discharged according to the current value determined by the control circuit (3); Each energy storage element is charged and discharged according to the current value determined by the control circuit (3), specifically: When energy storage element i needs to charge energy storage element j, energy storage element i first stores energy in the coupled inductor. When the voltage drop of the coupled inductor is the same as the voltage drop of energy storage element i, the high-frequency switch will automatically turn off, and then the coupled inductor will be connected to the energy storage element j to transfer energy to the energy storage element j. The control circuit (3) transmits the signal to the single-unit balanced energy storage element (4) after calculation, specifically: After receiving the current signal from the current transmitter (2), the control circuit (3) calculates the average amount of electricity that should be distributed to each energy storage element; After charging is completed, the actual power of each energy storage element is obtained, the actual power of the energy storage element is fed back to the control circuit (3), and is compared with the power values ​​calculated by the control circuit (3) in turn to determine which two energy storage elements need energy transmission, and the signal is transmitted to the single-cell balancing energy storage element (4).

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