Distributed optical fiber plant factory

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a distributed optical fiber plant factory which comprises a lighting device, an energy optical fiber transmission network, a light projector, a clean room and a plant planting bed. A plurality of sets of plant planting beds are mounted in the clean room, each plant planting bed comprises a fixed frame, a plant planting groove is formed in the bottom of each layer of the fixed frame, and the light projector is arranged below the fixed frame and above plants, receives light energy from the energy optical fiber transmission network and provides required illumination energy for photosynthesis of the plants. The lighting device is located outside the clean room, and light energy is transmitted into the clean room through the energy optical fiber transmission network to be connected with the light projector so as to accurately light plants. Accurate illumination can be carried out through natural sunlight, accurate illumination can also be carried out through an artificial electric light source, it is guaranteed that plants have sufficient illumination, meanwhile, the light energy utilization rate is greatly increased, and the operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a distributed optical fiber plant factory. Background Art

[0002] A plant factory is an efficient agricultural system that achieves continuous year-round production of crops through high-precision environmental control within the facility. It uses computer software and hardware to intelligently control environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light, carbon dioxide concentration, and nutrient solution during the crop growth process. It is a labor-saving production method that is not or rarely restricted by natural conditions. The plant factory mentioned here refers to a plant factory that utilizes artificial electric light sources. It is a way to use artificial electric light sources and nutrient cultivation technology in a completely closed environment to carry out continuous year-round production of plants.

[0003] The existing plant factory includes power supply lines, clean rooms, plant beds, lighting devices, etc. Figure 1 and 2 As shown. In addition, the lighting devices of existing plant factories use artificial electric light source lamps, most of which are large-area floodlighting lamps such as round lamp tubes, square lamp tubes, floodlights, flat lamps, etc., which simultaneously project a large amount of lighting light into a large area, such as into a layer of structure area where many plants are cultivated or into a planting trough area where many plants are cultivated. It is impossible to accurately match the light energy for the entire growth process of a single plant. The plants all have a growth process from small to large, especially when they are in the seedling growth stage and the leaf size is too small to cover only a small part of the effective planting area of ​​the planting trough, only a small part of the lighting light emitted by the lighting device is irradiated on the plant leaves, and the vast majority of the other lighting light is projected onto the invalid planting area outside the plant leaves and even outside the planting trough, which does not contribute to the photosynthesis of the plant, resulting in too low light energy utilization of the lighting device, too high operating power consumption cost and excessive investment in air conditioning and fresh air equipment. In addition, a large number of large artificial electric light source lamps are installed in the plant planting beds in the clean rooms of existing plant factories. On the one hand, this causes a decrease in the space utilization rate of the clean room. On the other hand, due to the narrow space of the plant planting beds, the artificial electric light source lamps are inconvenient to replace and the range of selectable lamps is greatly limited. Summary of the invention

[0004] In response to the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a distributed fiber optic plant factory that can provide precise lighting for plants through lighting devices. It can provide precise lighting through natural sunlight collection components or artificial electric light source components, ensuring that plants have sufficient light sources while greatly improving the utilization rate of light energy and reducing operating costs.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a distributed optical fiber plant factory, including a lighting device, an energy optical fiber transmission network, a light projector, a clean room and a plant planting bed;

[0006] The lighting device is located outside the clean room, the light projector and the plant planting bed are located inside the clean room, the energy optical fiber transmission network is located partly outside the clean room and partly inside the clean room, the front end, i.e., the receiving end, is connected to the lighting device, and the rear end, i.e., the optical fiber transmitting end, is connected to the light projector;

[0007] There is a one-to-one correspondence between the lighting device, the energy optical fiber transmission network and the light projector;

[0008] A plurality of plant planting beds are installed inside the clean room, and the plant planting beds include a fixed frame, and the fixed frame can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. A plant planting trough is arranged at the bottom of each layer of the fixed frame, and the projector is placed below the fixed frame and above the plant, maintaining a one-to-one correspondence with the plant;

[0009] The energy optical fiber transmission network enters the clean room and is distributed on the fixed frames of each layer of the plant planting bed and connected to the light projector;

[0010] The light energy emitted by the lighting device is coupled into the energy optical fiber transmission network, enters the clean room from the outside, and is then distributed to the fixed frames of each layer of the plant planting bed, and is projected onto the plants through the projector, providing the required light energy for plant photosynthesis.

[0011] Specifically, the lighting device includes an artificial electric light source lighting component and a natural sunlight collection lighting component. The artificial electric light source lighting component can be a lighting device composed of a semiconductor LED light source, or a lighting device composed of other electric light sources.

[0012] Specifically, the lighting device, the energy optical fiber transmission network, and the floodlight are all multi-channel structures, and there is a mutual correspondence between the three, and there is also a mutual correspondence between the multi-channel floodlight and multiple plants or plant bodies;

[0013] The multi-channel lighting device, the multi-channel energy optical fiber transmission network and the multiple light projectors correspond to multiple plants.

[0014] Specifically, the natural sunlight collection lighting assembly includes an optical lens module, a sun sensor, a dual-axis motor and a fiber optic adapter;

[0015] The dual-axis motor and the sun sensor are used to precisely track the sun's trajectory, the optical lens module is used to collect and compress sunlight, and the sunlight is coupled into the optical fiber receiving end through the optical fiber adapter. The optical fiber adapter is an optical fiber positioning interface connected to the optical fiber receiving end.

[0016] The light projector comprises a fiber optic adapter and an optical lens combination. The fiber optic adapter is a fiber optic positioning interface connected to the fiber optic transmitting end.

[0017] The distance between the optical fiber adapter and the optical lens assembly can be adjusted.

[0018] Specifically, the energy optical fiber transmission network consists of three parts: a multi-channel optical fiber receiving end, a multi-channel energy optical fiber link and a multi-channel optical fiber transmitting end; the optical fiber receiving end is located outside the clean room, and consists of an optical fiber protection tube, an optical fiber inner core and an optical fiber end face, and is connected to the lighting device through an optical fiber adapter to receive light energy from the lighting device;

[0019] The optical fiber transmitting end is located inside the clean room, and is composed of an optical fiber protection tube, an optical fiber inner core and an optical fiber end face, and is connected to the light projector through an optical fiber adapter; the energy optical fiber transmission network is partially located outside the clean room and partially located inside the clean room, and is used to connect the lighting device with the light projector, and the light energy from the lighting device is transmitted to the light projector and accurately projected onto the plant leaves.

[0020] Specifically, the energy fiber optic link has four fiber optic connection modes, including a point-to-point direct fiber optic connection mode, a connection mode in which two or more optical fibers are combined into one optical fiber, a connection mode in which one optical fiber is separated into two or more optical fibers, and a connection mode in which two or more optical fibers are combined into one optical fiber and one optical fiber is separated into two or more optical fibers at the same time.

[0021] Specifically, the optical lens module is positioned on the optical axis of the optical fiber receiving end, and the light emitted by the semiconductor LED light source and natural sunlight are focused on the optical fiber end face of the optical fiber receiving end, and the diameter of the formed light spot is smaller than the diameter of the optical fiber end face.

[0022] Specifically, the light projector corresponds to the plant one by one, that is, one light projector corresponds to only one plant, or one light projector may correspond to a plant body composed of multiple plants, such as two plants planted together.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] In the distributed optical fiber plant factory described in the present invention, the lighting device is installed outside the clean room of the plant factory, and the massive heat generated remains outside the clean room without affecting the constant temperature and humidity artificial environment in the clean room. The emitted light energy is transmitted to the inside of the clean room through the energy optical fiber transmission network, accurately distributed to each plant planting bed inside the clean room, and precisely projected onto the plant leaves through the projector. This greatly improves the utilization rate of light energy, while avoiding the generation of massive heat in the clean room, and greatly reduces the initial construction investment and subsequent power consumption cost of the air conditioning and cooling system. In addition, after moving the large-volume lighting device outside the clean room, the space utilization rate of the clean room of the plant factory will be greatly improved, reducing investment, construction and operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing plant factory composition;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the plant growing beds and lighting devices in the existing plant factory;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distributed optical fiber plant factory of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 The left side is the seedling stage, and the right side is the light field distribution comparison diagram of the projector of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel artificial electric light source lighting assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the process of light energy entering the optical fiber receiving end through the optical lens module of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a natural sunlight collection device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a diagram of four transmission modes of the energy optical fiber transmission network of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the light projector and its spot area adjustment principle of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of adjusting the light projector and its spot area when the lens assembly of the present invention moves;

[0036] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the light projector and the plants of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.12 This is a diagram of a distributed optical fiber plant factory based on an LED light source lighting device of the present invention:

[0038] Fig.13 This is a diagram of a distributed fiber optic plant factory based on a natural sunlight collection device according to the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 100, clean room; 1, lighting device; 111, artificial electric light source lighting component; 112, natural sunlight collection lighting component; 11, projector; 12, energy fiber optic transmission network; 121, outdoor energy fiber optic transmission network; 122, indoor energy fiber optic transmission network; 14, fiber optic receiving end; 15, semiconductor LED light source; 16, 19, optical lens module; 17, fiber optic transmitting end; 171, fiber optic protection tube; 172, fiber optic core; 173, fiber optic end face; 18, energy fiber optic link; 20, optical lens combination; 2, fixed frame; 3, planting trough; 31, matrix; 66, mounting frame; 67, solar sensor; 68, dual-axis motor; 69, supporting rotating rod; 41, power line; 99, plant planting bed; 63, 64, 65, fiber optic adapter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the fiber optic plant factory of the present invention includes a lighting device 1, an energy fiber optic transmission network 12, a light projector 11, a clean room 100, and a plant planting bed 99. A plurality of sets of plant planting beds 99 are installed inside the clean room 100. The plant planting bed 99 includes a fixed frame 2, a planting trough 3 and plants. A plant planting trough 3 is arranged at the bottom of each layer of the fixed frame 2. The light projector 11 corresponds to the plant one by one. The light projector 11 is placed below the fixed frame 2 and above the plant, and is connected to the energy fiber optic transmission network 12 to receive light energy from the energy fiber optic transmission network 12 to accurately provide the required light energy for plant photosynthesis.

[0043] Plants are planted in the planting trough 3, which is filled with a matrix 31 that helps the plants grow; the light projector 11 corresponds to the plant one by one, that is, one light projector 11 corresponds to one plant, and is fixedly installed or hung on the bottom surface of the multi-layer structure to illuminate the corresponding plant below. The fixed frame 2 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The space utilization efficiency of the multi-layer structure plant planting bed 99 is much higher than that of the single-layer structure plant planting bed;

[0044] The plant factory lighting device 1 of the present invention is an artificial electric light source lighting component 111, such as Fig.12 As shown, it is installed outside the clean room 100 of the plant factory. The lighting device 1 is installed outside the clean room 100, and the massive heat generated is left outside the clean room 100 without affecting the constant temperature and humidity artificial environment in the clean room 100. The emitted light energy is transmitted to the inside of the clean room 100 through the energy optical fiber transmission network 12, dispersedly distributed on each plant planting bed 99 in the clean room 100 and projected onto the leaves of the plants through the projector 11. This avoids the generation of massive heat in the clean room 100, and greatly reduces the initial construction investment and subsequent power consumption cost of the air conditioning and cooling system.

[0045] The light energy emitted by the artificial electric light source lighting component 111 enters the clean room 100 after long-distance transmission through the energy optical fiber transmission network 12, and is precisely distributed to each plant planting bed in the clean room 100, and is connected to the projector 11 installed on the plant planting bed 99, so as to match precise light energy for the entire growth process of the plant.

[0046] Specifically, the artificial electric light source lighting component 111 is installed outside the clean room 100, and is used to emit the light energy required for plant growth. The energy fiber optic transmission network 12 is divided into three parts: the front end, namely the fiber optic receiving end 14, the energy fiber optic link 18 and the fiber optic transmitting end 17. The fiber optic receiving end 14 is located outside the clean room 100 and connected to the lighting device 1, and the fiber optic transmitting end 17 is located inside the clean room 100 and connected to the projector 11. The energy fiber optic link 18 is partially located outside the clean room and partially located inside the clean room, and is responsible for receiving, transmitting and projecting the light energy required for plant growth emitted by the lighting device.

[0047] The artificial electric light source lighting assembly 111 is used to emit light energy required for plant growth, including parameters such as light intensity, spectrum, and photoperiod.

[0048] Specifically, the energy fiber optic transmission network 12 is divided into an outdoor energy fiber optic transmission network 121 and an indoor energy fiber optic transmission network 122: the outdoor energy fiber optic transmission network 121 is located outside the clean room 100, enters the clean room 100 through wiring and enters the indoor energy fiber optic transmission network 122, and is dispersed on each plant planting bed 99 according to the growth needs of each plant, and the projector 11 provides precise light energy with adjustable spectrum, light intensity, light cycle and light spot for plant growth.

[0049] Specifically, the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 usually includes multiple energy optical fibers, or only one energy optical fiber. The optical fiber receiving end 14 (front end) of the energy optical fiber is connected to the output end of the lighting device 1, and the optical fiber transmitting end 17 (end) of the energy optical fiber is connected to the light projector 11. The lighting device 1 connected to the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 is also a multi-channel output architecture, and the light projector 11 connected to it is also a multi-channel configuration.

[0050] The optical fiber receiving end 14 of the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 is composed of an external optical fiber protection tube 171, an internal optical fiber core 172 and an optical fiber end face 173, and can be a standard SMA905 structure or other structures. The optical fiber receiving end 14 is connected to the optical fiber adapter 64 to receive the light energy emitted by the artificial electric light source lighting component 111.

[0051] The optical fiber transmitting end 17 of the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 is composed of an external optical fiber protection tube 171, an internal optical fiber core 172 and an optical fiber end face 173, which can be a standard SMA905 structure or other structures. The optical fiber transmitting end 17 is connected to the optical fiber adapter 65 to transmit the light energy from the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 to the light projector 11.

[0052] In view of the fact that the energy fiber transmission network 12 and the light projector 11 are a distributed light energy supply network, the position and number of the energy fiber and the light projector 11 can be allocated according to the spatial distribution of the plants. The light projector 11 can be only a fiber adapter 64 connected to the fiber receiving end 14, and the light field distribution of the light projector 11 depends on the characteristics of the fiber material itself, such as the refractive index and numerical aperture of the fiber; it can also be an optical lens group composed of a single or multiple optical lenses, and the light field distribution of the light projector 11 can be changed by adjusting the optical lens group. The basic configuration principle between the light projector 11 and the plant is that one light projector 11 corresponds to one plant, so as to accurately match the light energy required for plant growth (such as spectrum, light intensity distribution, light cycle and other parameters). In addition, one light projector 11 can also correspond to multiple plants cultivated in the same position at the same time to form a plant body, so as to accurately match the light energy required for plant growth (such as spectrum, light intensity distribution, light cycle and other parameters). It should be noted that the light projector 11 can be connected to one optical fiber or multiple optical fibers, depending on the amount of light energy that each optical fiber can provide.

[0053] The energy fiber optic transmission network 12 is mainly composed of three parts: a fiber optic receiving end 14 (front end), an energy fiber optic link 18 and a fiber optic transmitting end 17 (end). It is an all-optical fiber optic network that precisely matches the spectral energy required for plant growth. The fiber optic receiving end 14 and part of the energy fiber optic link 18 are located outside the clean room 100, and part of the energy fiber optic link 18 and the fiber optic transmitting end 17 are located inside the clean room 100. The energy fiber optic transmission network 12 is composed of multiple channels, including multiple fiber optic receiving ends 14, multiple optical transmitting ends 17 and an energy fiber optic link 18 composed of multiple energy optical fibers. Energy fiber is a type of optical fiber with high energy density, which can withstand higher optical power density than ordinary optical fibers. Figure 6As shown. In view of the fact that the spectral range of the transmitted light energy may be very wide, a light spot of a certain size will be formed on the optical fiber end face 173 due to aberration after being focused by the optical lens module 16. If the diameter of the light spot is larger than the core diameter of the optical fiber end face, part of the light energy will be lost and cannot be coupled into the energy optical fiber. Therefore, the diameter of the receiving end optical fiber end face 173 must be large enough to ensure a sufficiently high optical coupling efficiency. However, the larger the diameter of the energy optical fiber, the higher the cost of the optical fiber, the less easy it is to bend, and the higher the construction difficulty. The material of the energy optical fiber can be glass optical fiber, quartz optical fiber, or optical fiber of other materials such as plastic. Usually, energy optical fiber can transmit several watts, tens of watts, hundreds of watts, thousands of watts or even tens of thousands of watts of light energy, while the information optical fiber used in optical communication can only transmit light signals in the milliwatt range. The core diameter of the energy optical fiber is hundreds of microns or even several millimeters, while the diameter of the information single-mode optical fiber is less than 10 microns, and the diameter of the information multi-mode optical fiber generally does not exceed 100 microns. In addition, another parameter of the energy optical fiber, namely the numerical aperture, is also very important. The larger the numerical aperture, the larger the incident angle of light that the optical fiber can receive, that is, the higher the optical fiber's ability to receive and transmit light.

[0054] The optical fiber receiving end 14 is located outside the clean room 100 and is connected to the lighting device 1 located outside the clean room 100 to collect the spectral energy from the lighting device 1 and couple it into the energy optical fiber. After the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 enters the clean room 100, it is distributed to each plant planting bed according to the spatial dispersion of the plants. The optical fiber transmitting end 17 of the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 is connected to the projector 11 to provide accurate spectral energy for the corresponding plants. It should be pointed out that the longer the transmission distance of the energy optical fiber transmission network 12, the higher the investment cost and the greater the light transmission loss.

[0055] The energy fiber link 18 can be composed of one energy fiber or multiple energy fibers. When the energy fiber link 18 is composed of multiple energy fibers, there is a certain logical relationship between them. But in general, there are four main fiber link modes: a point-to-point direct connection is adopted from the fiber receiving end 14 (front end) to the fiber emitting end 17 (end), that is, the light energy transmission from the fiber receiving end 14 (front end) connected to the lighting device 1 outside the clean room 100 to the fiber emitting end 17 (end) connected to the light projector 11 on the plant planting bed inside the clean room 100 is completed by the same energy fiber. Figure 8 (a) is shown. The advantage of this point-to-point connection mode is that it is simple and intuitive, but the disadvantage is that a large number of energy optical fibers are used and the cost of optical fiber construction is high. It should be pointed out that the energy optical fiber is one or one energy optical fiber.

[0056] The second is a fiber optic multiplexer or fiber beam combiner. In order to reduce the number of optical fibers used in long-distance transmission, a multiple fiber optic fusion or beam combining method is usually adopted at the fiber receiving end 14. For example, three optical fibers are combined into one optical fiber, that is, the light energy of the three optical fibers at the fiber receiving end 14 is coupled and merged into one optical fiber. In this way, the number of optical fibers at the fiber transmitting end 17 is one third of that at the fiber receiving end 14. Figure 8 As shown in (b) in the figure. This connection method can greatly reduce the number of energy optical fibers used and significantly reduce the initial construction cost, especially for long-distance optical energy transmission. Of course, the more optical fibers are merged, the less optical fiber consumption. However, if the optical loss caused by optical fiber fusion itself is too high, the meaning of fusion is lost. Therefore, the number of optical fiber fusion routes depends on the optical loss that can be tolerated.

[0057] The third is the optical fiber multi-path separation, that is, one path is divided into multiple paths. In order to accurately match the light energy in a single optical fiber to a single plant, usually after the energy optical fiber enters the clean room 100, a multi-path separation is adopted, that is, one path is converted into multiple paths. In this way, the number of optical fibers at the optical fiber transmitting end 17 is three times the number of optical fibers at the optical fiber receiving end 14. Figure 8 (c) As shown. After the energy optical fiber enters the clean room 100, when the light energy transmitted by the energy optical fiber is too high, we need to decompose the spectral energy in one energy optical fiber into several parts and introduce them into multiple energy optical fibers respectively, so as to match the precise spectral energy for the growth of a single plant. It should be pointed out that the optical fiber multi-channel separation method can be separated according to the size of the light energy or according to the spectrum of the light energy.

[0058] Finally, there is a hybrid method of optical fiber multi-channel fusion combiner and multi-channel separation splitter, such as Figure 8(d) shows that this method is a combination of the second and third methods mentioned above. Outside the clean room 100, the front-end energy fiber link 18 adopts a multi-channel fusion method to reduce the number of energy fibers used, that is, the spectral energy in multiple optical fibers is combined into one optical fiber for long-distance transmission; and after approaching or entering the clean room 100, the rear-end energy fiber link 18 adopts a multi-channel separation method, decomposing the excessive spectral energy in one energy fiber into multiple light energies and respectively introducing them into multiple energy fibers, so as to match the precise spectral energy for the growth of a single plant. It should be pointed out that in this optical fiber link mode, the number of optical fiber receiving ends 14 can be equal to or unequal to the number of optical fiber transmitting ends 17, depending on the technical level of multi-channel optical fiber fusion and multi-channel optical fiber separation and the need to accurately match light energy for plant growth. In short, the front and rear end point-to-point optical fiber transmission method consumes a large number of optical fibers, resulting in a high cost of the optical fiber transmission network, while the multi-channel fusion and separation technology reduces the construction cost of the optical fiber transmission network due to the small number of optical fibers consumed. In addition, the energy fiber optic transmission network 12 can transmit a spectrum or a complete spectrum consisting of any wavelength or any several wavelengths within the spectral range of 100nm-5000nm. A single energy optical fiber can transmit several watts or even several kilowatts or even tens of thousands of watts of optical power. The maximum distance of the optical fiber transmission network depends on the transmission loss of the spectral energy in the optical fiber. If the transmission loss is too large, the maximum transmission distance will not be too long. Therefore, it is very important to select energy optical fibers with low transmission light loss for constructing the energy fiber optic transmission network 12. It should be pointed out that compared with the power line 41 power supply network used in existing plant factories, the energy optical fiber network has the advantages of low light loss, high transmission power, high reliability, high safety factor, and long life. Most importantly, it makes it possible to install the lighting device 1 for promoting plant growth outside the clean room 100 of the plant factory, and makes the use of the lighting device 1 more flexible and convenient.

[0059] Specifically, the light projector 11 mainly includes a fiber optic adapter 65 and an optical lens assembly 20, or may only include a fiber optic adapter 65. The function of the fiber optic adapter 65 is to optically locate and connect the fiber optic emitting end 17 from the energy fiber optic transmission network 12. The light emitting end 17 is usually composed of a fiber optic core 172, a fiber optic protective tube 171, and a fiber optic end face 173, and may be a standard SMA905 structure or other structures. The optical lens assembly 20 may be a single optical lens, a group of optical lenses, an optical reflector, or other optical combinations; it may be a spherical lens, or a non-spherical lens such as a Fresnel lens.

[0060] The light projector 11 is connected to the optical fiber transmitting end 17, and the spectrum energy from the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 is corrected by the optical lens assembly 20 and projected onto the plant with a certain light field distribution, such as a certain divergence angle, i.e., a light spot with a certain irradiation area and a certain light intensity. When the light projector 11 is only a fiber adapter 65 without the optical lens assembly 20, the spectrum energy from the energy optical fiber is directly emitted from the fiber end face 173 of the optical fiber transmitting end 17 at a certain divergence angle, forming a certain illumination area, i.e., a light spot, at a certain distance, i.e., on the plant leaf crown. The divergence angle is determined by the physical properties of the energy optical fiber itself, such as its numerical aperture. When the numerical aperture of the energy optical fiber is 0.48, the corresponding light divergence angle is about 58 degrees; and when the numerical aperture is 0.33, the corresponding light divergence angle is about 38 degrees. This means that even without the optical lens module 16, the optical fiber transmitting end 17 (rear end) can provide light energy output with an inherent light divergence angle. When the energy fiber end face 173 is away from the plant, the spot area formed by the projector 11 on the plant leaf crown becomes larger; when the energy fiber end face 173 is close to the plant, the spot area formed by the projector 11 on the plant leaf crown becomes smaller, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the illumination area, i.e., the spot size, of the projector 11. Fig. 9 shown.

[0061] When the light projector 11 includes the optical fiber adapter 65 and the optical lens assembly 20, the optical lens assembly 20 can be a single optical lens, a group of optical lenses, an optical reflector or other optical combinations; it can be a spherical lens, or a non-spherical lens such as a Fresnel lens. In the case of using a single focusing lens, the light divergence angle of the light projector 11, that is, the spot area, can be changed by changing the relative position of the focusing lens on the optical axis and the optical fiber emitting end 17. When the optical lens assembly 20 moves upward along the optical axis, the spot area becomes larger; and when the optical lens assembly 20 moves downward along the optical axis, the spot area becomes smaller, such as Fig.10 It should be noted that the up and down movement of the optical lens assembly 20 along the optical axis can be completed manually or by intelligent control. If the optical lens assembly 20 does not change its relative position with the transmitting optical fiber end face 173, the spot size of the light projector 11 is fixed.

[0062] The ability of the light projector 11 to adjust the light divergence angle or the light spot size has extremely important economic value for plant growth. When the plant is in the seedling stage, the light divergence angle of the light projector 11, that is, the light spot area, can be adjusted to a smaller value, and the light intensity can be adjusted to a weaker value, so that it can just cover the seedling. But when the plant grows up, the light divergence angle and the light spot area of ​​the light projector 11 can be adjusted to a larger value, and the light intensity can be increased, so that it can just cover the plant's leaf crown. This not only meets the plant's demand for light energy for growth, but also improves the utilization rate of light energy. Figure 4Each light projector 11 can correspond to one plant or multiple plants at the same time, such as two plants planted together. Fig.11 As shown. When the plant is in the seedling stage, because the required light intensity is relatively low and the spot area is relatively small, the light intensity output by the projector 11 can be weakened and the light divergence angle can be reduced by adjusting the lighting device 1 and the projector 11. When the plant grows up, because the required light intensity is relatively high and the spot area is relatively large, the light intensity output by the projector 11 can be strengthened and the light divergence angle can be increased by adjusting the lighting device 1 and the projector 11. This method of providing light energy in a distributed manner by the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 greatly improves the efficiency of plant photosynthetic light energy utilization, and can accurately match the spectral energy (including parameters such as light intensity, spectrum, photoperiod and spot area) according to the growth needs of individual plants, thereby greatly reducing the initial construction cost and subsequent operating costs.

[0063] By intelligently adjusting the artificial electric light source lighting component 111, the technical parameters such as the output intensity, spectrum and photoperiod of the spectral energy at the end of the projector 11 can be adjusted. Because the energy fiber transmission network 12 is a distributed energy supply network, it can accurately match the light energy for a single plant, and the light divergence angle and spot area of ​​the projector 11 can be very small, so we can make the projector 11 correspond to the plant one by one, that is, we can accurately match the light energy required for photosynthesis for a single plant, and we can also make the light spot output by the projector 11 larger as the plant grows, and the light energy utilization rate can even reach a high level of more than 90%. This is unattainable by existing plant factories.

[0064] The plant planting bed 99 includes a fixed frame 2, a planting trough 3 and plants. The fixed frame 2 can be a single-layer or multi-layer structure; the planting trough 3 is placed at the bottom of each layer of the planting frame; the plants are cultivated and planted in the planting trough 3; the projector 11 is installed on the top of each layer of the fixed frame 2, above the planting trough 3 and the plants, to provide the required light energy for the growth of the plants; the projector 11 and the plants or plant bodies are in a one-to-one correspondence; after the energy fiber optic transmission network 12 enters the clean room 100, it is dispersed to each plant planting bed 99 according to the needs of plant growth, and is connected to the projector 11 to transmit light energy to it. Figure 3 shown.

[0065] The clean room 100 is a fully enclosed artificial planting environment. Its main function is to control the cleanliness, temperature and humidity, bacterial content, carbon dioxide concentration, oxygen concentration, etc. of the atmosphere that the plants are exposed to within a specific range, so that the plants can be cultivated, grown, bloomed and fruited in a good environment space to improve the planting quality. It is the most important guarantee facility for plant quality and quantity. The clean room 100 includes a plurality of plant planting beds 99. The energy fiber optic transmission network 12 enters the clean room 100 and is distributed on the plant planting beds 99, and is connected to the projectors 11 fixed on each layer of the structure. It should be pointed out that the energy fiber optic transmission network 12 and the projector 11 are both passive devices, do not generate heat themselves, and are very small in size, so they will not increase the initial construction cost and subsequent operating costs of the clean room 100. This is incomparable to the existing plant factory technology.

[0066] It needs to be emphasized again that the distributed fiber optic plant factory of the present invention moves the artificial electric light source lighting component 111 from the clean room 100 of the plant factory to the outside of the clean room 100, and accurately transmits the light energy emitted by the artificial electric light source lighting component 111 to each plant or plant body on the plant planting bed 99 in the clean room 100 through the energy fiber optic transmission network 12 (replacing the existing plant factory power supply line). On the one hand, it completely avoids the problem that the existing plant factory lighting device 1 generates massive heat in the clean room 100 and requires a substantial increase in air-conditioning units and electricity consumption to offset this massive heat. On the other hand, the plant factory energy fiber optic transmission network 12 of the present invention can accurately deliver light energy to the growth of individual plants or plant bodies, thereby greatly improving the utilization rate of light energy in the plant factory.

[0067] It should be noted that the artificial electric light source lighting component 111 can be switched to the natural sunlight collection lighting component 112, or it can be a mixture of the artificial electric light source lighting component 111 and the natural sunlight collection lighting component 112. The artificial electric light source lighting component 111 can be used alone to output light energy, the natural sunlight collection lighting component 112 can be used alone to output natural sunlight energy, or the artificial electric light source lighting component 111 and the natural sunlight collection lighting component 112 can be used simultaneously to output light energy.

[0068] The natural sunlight collection lighting assembly 112 is composed of an optical lens module 16, an optical fiber adapter 63, a dual-axis motor 68 and a sun sensor 67. The optical lens module 16 is composed of a single or multiple optical lenses, fixed on a mounting frame 66, and is used to compress and collect natural sunlight; the optical fiber adapter 63 is an optical fiber positioning interface, which can fix the optical fiber receiving end 14 of the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 in a plug-in manner. The optical fiber receiving end 14 mainly includes an optical fiber protection tube 171, an optical fiber inner core 172 and an optical fiber end face 173, etc., and can be a standard SMA905 structure or other structures.

[0069] The optical fiber adapter 63 can be a female interface, and the optical fiber receiving end 14 can be a male connector. The male and female are connected to ensure that natural sunlight is coupled into the energy optical fiber transmission network 12 to the maximum extent. The dual-axis motor 68 is connected to the support rotating rod 69, and together with the sun sensor 67, it forms a sun tracking mechanism, which is responsible for accurately tracking the sun's trajectory, so that the optical lens module 16 always remains coaxial with the sun's rays, thereby maximizing the collection of sunlight. The optical lens module 16 is composed of a single or multiple spherical or non-spherical optical lenses, and is carried by the dual-axis motor 68 and tracks the sun with high precision under the guidance of the sun sensor 67, and collects and compresses natural sunlight and couples it into the energy optical fiber receiving end 14, enters the plant factory clean room 100 through the energy optical fiber transmission network 12, and is projected onto the plant leaf crown. It should be pointed out that the natural sunlight collection lighting component 112 outputs completely natural sunlight, and no additional power supply is required. Although the initial investment is large, the subsequent operating cost is low. The disadvantage is that the light energy cannot be continuously and constantly output, and changes with the movement of the sun, and there is no light energy output on rainy, foggy or night days.

[0070] When the plant growth requires artificial electric light source illumination, the plant lighting device 1 switches to the artificial electric light source lighting component 111, and the plant lighting device 1 outputs artificial light energy; when the plant growth requires natural sunlight, the plant lighting device switches to the natural sunlight collection lighting component 112 to output natural sunlight energy. The switching between the two can be manual switching or intelligent automatic switching.

[0071] It should be particularly pointed out that the lighting device 1 under the present invention includes an artificial electric light source lighting component 111 and a natural sunlight collection lighting component 112, which are completely installed outside the clean room 100 of the plant factory, thereby completely avoiding the use of a large number of electric light source lamps in the existing plant factory, thereby generating huge amounts of heat in the clean room 100 of the plant factory and occupying a large amount of effective planting space.

[0072] Implementation Case 2: Fig.12 As shown, the lighting device 1 is a twelve-way artificial electric light source lighting assembly 111, which includes twelve-way driving power supplies 61, twelve-way semiconductor LED light sources 15 and twelve-way optical fiber adapters 64. Each artificial electric light source lighting assembly 111 has one driving power supply 61, one semiconductor LED light source 15 and one optical fiber adapter 64 in one-to-one correspondence. Fig.12 shown.

[0073] The energy fiber transmission network 12 includes twelve energy optical fibers with a diameter of 1.2 mm and a numerical aperture of 0.48, which are connected to twelve semiconductor LED light sources 15 with adjustable spectrum, light intensity and light cycle. The front end of the optical fiber, i.e., the optical fiber receiving end 14, and the rear end of the optical fiber, i.e., the optical fiber transmitting end 17, are directly connected from the front and rear end to the point, and enter the clean room 100 from the outside of the clean room 100. The clean room 100 has a dust-free level of 300,000 and includes two sets of plant planting beds 99, with a total of twelve plants planted. Each set of plant planting beds 99 consists of a two-layer structure, and each layer of the structure is equipped with three projectors 11 and a planting trough 3, and three plants are planted in each planting trough 3. Each projector 11 is connected to an energy fiber emitting end 17 at the top and corresponds to a plant at the bottom to provide light energy for it. The clean room 100 is a one-story flat-roofed building, and the artificial electric light source lighting component 111 is installed on the flat roof and connected to the energy fiber transmission network 12 consisting of twelve energy optical fibers. The energy optical fiber transmission network 12 is bundled and passed through a plastic protective tube to enter the clean room 100, and then dispersed on the plant bed 99 and connected to the light projector 11, which corresponds to the plant one by one.

[0074] The specific working principle of the fiber optic plant factory of the present invention is as follows: the artificial electric light source lighting component 111 located outside the clean room 100 is used to emit the light energy (light intensity, spectrum and light period) required for plant growth, coupled into the energy fiber optic network, and after long-distance transmission, enters the clean room 100 and is dispersed and distributed on the plant planting bed 99 and connected to the projector 11, providing the individual plants below with the light energy required for their growth, and the light energy (light intensity, spectrum, light period and spot area) varies with the different stages of plant growth.

[0075] Implementation case three: Fig.13 As shown, the lighting device 1 is a natural sunlight collection lighting assembly 112 , including an optical lens module 16 , a fiber optic adapter 63 , a dual-axis motor 68 and a sun sensor 67 .

[0076] The distributed optical fiber plant factory of the present invention includes a natural sunlight collection lighting component 112, an energy optical fiber transmission network 12, a clean room 100 and a plant planting bed 99. The natural sunlight collection lighting component 112 includes twenty-four optical lens modules 16, twenty-four optical fiber adapters 63 with SMA905 standard optical fiber interfaces, twenty-four optical fiber receiving ends 14, an energy optical fiber transmission network 12 consisting of twenty-four energy optical fibers, and twelve projectors 11. The energy optical fiber link 18 adopts a two-way fusion and a two-way separation of the optical fiber transmitting end 17, and is routed from the outside of the clean room 100 to the inside of the clean room 100. The clean room 100 includes two sets of plant planting beds 99, with a total of twelve plants planted. Each set of plant planting beds 99 consists of a two-layer structure, each layer of which is equipped with three projectors 11 and a planting trough 3, and three plants are cultivated in each planting trough 3. Each projector 11 is connected to two energy optical fibers, and there is a plant directly below each lamp. The clean room 100 is a one-story flat-roofed building. The natural sunlight collection lighting assembly 112 is installed on the flat roof of the clean room 100 and connected to 24 energy optical fibers. The energy optical fiber transmission network 12 first merges two optical fibers into one and then passes through a plastic protective tube to enter the clean room 100. Then the two optical fibers are separated and distributed on the plant bed 99 and connected to the projector 11. The projector 11 includes a zoom optical lens 20 that can move axially up and down, which can adjust the divergence angle and spot size, and corresponds to the plant one by one. Fig.13 shown.

[0077] The specific working principle of the fiber optic plant factory of the present invention is as follows: the natural sunlight collection and lighting component 112 located on the roof outside the clean room 100 tracks the sun with high precision, and the natural sunlight energy is collected and compressed and coupled into the energy fiber optic transmission network 12. After long-distance transmission, it enters the clean room 100 and is dispersed on the plant planting bed 99 and connected to the projector 11, providing the individual plants or plant bodies below it with the light energy required for their growth, and the light energy, such as the spot area, spectrum, light intensity and light cycle, varies with the different stages of plant growth.

[0078] It should be particularly pointed out that the fiber optic plant factory of the present invention is not limited to the cultivation of plants and mushrooms themselves, but can also be applied to the field of indoor breeding of sheep, cattle, pigs, chickens, fish, shrimps and other terrestrial animals and marine organisms using the same principle. The energy fiber optic transmission network 12 of the present invention is used to transmit light energy to the interior of the building room and precisely match it to the breeding object, which will achieve significant economic effects similar to those of cultivating plants.

[0079] It should also be pointed out that the fiber optic plant factory of the present invention can also be used in the field of improving the living environment. Using the energy fiber optic transmission network 12 of the present invention to transmit natural sunlight into the interior of the building and accurately match it to each room or specific area according to the needs of the application scenario will greatly improve the living environment and be beneficial to human health.

[0080] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A distributed optical fiber plant factory, characterized by: It comprises a lighting device (1), an energy optical fiber transmission network (12), a light projector (11), a clean room (100) and a plant planting bed (99); The lighting device (1) is located outside the clean room (100), the light projector (11) and the plant planting bed (99) are located inside the clean room (100), the energy optical fiber transmission network (12) is partially located outside the clean room (121) and partially located inside the clean room (122), the front end, i.e., the receiving end (14), is connected to the lighting device (1), and the rear end, i.e., the optical fiber transmitting end (17), is connected to the light projector (11); At least one set of plant planting beds (99) is installed inside the clean room (100), and the plant planting beds (99) include a fixed frame (2), a plant planting trough (3) and a floodlight (11). The fixed frame (2) is a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The bottom of each layer of the fixed frame (2) is provided with a plant planting trough (3), and the floodlight (11) is placed below the fixed frame (2) and above the plants. The energy optical fiber transmission network (12) enters the clean room, is distributed on each layer of the fixed frame (2) of the plant planting bed (99), and is connected to the light projector (11); The light energy emitted by the lighting device (1) is coupled into the energy optical fiber transmission network (12), enters the clean room (100) from the outside, and is then distributed to the fixed frames (2) of each layer of the plant planting bed (99), and is projected onto the plants through the projector (11), thereby providing the required light energy for the photosynthesis of the plants.

2. A distributed optical fiber plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lighting device (1), the energy optical fiber transmission network (12) and the light projector (11) maintain a one-to-one correspondence with the plant or plant body.

3. A distributed optical fiber plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lighting device (1) comprises an artificial electric light source lighting component (111) and a natural sunlight collection lighting component (112); the artificial electric light source lighting component (111) is a lighting device composed of a semiconductor LED light source (15) or a lighting device composed of other electric light sources.

4. A distributed optical fiber plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lighting device (1), the energy optical fiber transmission network (12), and the floodlight (11) are all multi-channel structures, and there is a mutual correspondence between the three, and there is a mutual correspondence between the multi-channel floodlight (11) and the plurality of plants or plant bodies; The multi-channel lighting device (1), the multi-channel energy optical fiber transmission network (12), the plurality of light projectors (11), and the plurality of plants are in a corresponding relationship with each other.

5. A distributed optical fiber plant factory according to claim 2, characterized in that: The natural sunlight collection lighting assembly 112 comprises an optical lens module (16), a sun sensor (67), a dual-axis motor (68) and an optical fiber adapter (63); The dual-axis motor (68) and the sun sensor (67) are used to precisely track the trajectory of the sun, and the optical lens module (16) is used to collect and compress sunlight, and couple the sunlight into the optical fiber receiving end (14) through the optical fiber adapter (63); The optical fiber adapter (63) is an optical fiber positioning interface connected to the optical fiber receiving end (14).

6. A distributed optical fiber plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light projector 11 comprises a fiber optic adapter (65) and an optical lens assembly (20), wherein the fiber optic adapter (65) is a fiber optic positioning interface connected to the fiber optic transmitting end (17); The distance between the optical fiber adapter (65) and the optical lens assembly (20) can be adjusted.

7. A distributed optical fiber plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy optical fiber transmission network (12) is composed of three parts: a multi-channel optical fiber receiving end (14), a multi-channel energy optical fiber link (18) and a multi-channel optical fiber transmitting end (17); the optical fiber receiving end (14) is located outside the clean room (100), and is composed of an optical fiber protection tube (171), an optical fiber inner core (172) and an optical fiber end face (173); it is connected to the lighting device (1) through an optical fiber adapter (63, 64) to receive light energy from the lighting device (1); The optical fiber transmitting end (17) is located in the clean room (100), and is composed of an optical fiber protection tube (171), an optical fiber inner core (172) and an optical fiber end face (173), and is connected to the light projector (11) through an optical fiber adapter (65); the energy optical fiber transmission network (12) is partially located outside the clean room (121) and partially located inside the clean room (122), and is used to connect the lighting device (1) with the light projector (11), transmit the light energy from the lighting device (1) to the light projector (11), and accurately project it onto the plant leaves.

8. A distributed optical fiber plant factory according to claim 6, characterized in that: The energy optical fiber link (18) has four optical fiber connection modes, including a point-to-point optical fiber connection mode, a connection mode in which two or more optical fibers are bundled into one optical fiber, a connection mode in which one optical fiber is separated into two or more optical fibers, and a connection mode in which two or more optical fibers are bundled into one optical fiber and one optical fiber is separated into two or more optical fibers at the same time.

9. A distributed optical fiber plant factory according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical lens modules (16, 20) are positioned on the optical axis of the optical fiber receiving end (14), and the light emitted by the semiconductor LED light source (15) and the natural sunlight emitted from the natural sunlight collection lighting component (112) are focused on the optical fiber end face (173) of the optical fiber receiving end (14), and the diameter of the formed light spot is smaller than the diameter of the optical fiber end face (173).

10. A distributed optical fiber plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light projector (11) corresponds to the plant one by one, that is, one light projector (11) corresponds to only one plant, or one light projector (11) may correspond to a plant body composed of multiple plants, such as two plants planted together.

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