Grass planting bag for regreening and repairing mining area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mining area restoration, in particular to a grass planting bag for regreening and restoration of a mining area, the grass planting bag for regreening and restoration of the mining area comprises at least one grass planting unit, the grass planting unit comprises a grass planting bag layer, a fiber cotton layer and a breathable soil restoration layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the grass planting wrapping layer is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil, and the breathable soil restoration layer is filled with ceramsite and soil restoration nutrient organic matter in a staggered mode. According to the grass planting bag for re-greening and repairing the mining area, the grass planting bag layer is filled with the grass seeds and the matrix soil, the fiber cotton layer is arranged in the middle, and the two layers are comprehensively overlaid, so that the grass planting bag has the advantages of heat preservation, moisture preservation, water retention, degradability and high air permeability, the germination and survival rate of the grass seeds can be increased, and the rapid re-greening effect in the arid and semi-arid mining repairing area is achieved; furthermore, ceramsite and soil remediation nutrient organic matters are filled in the breathable soil remediation layer in a staggered manner, so that the remediation of the soil in the mining area can be further realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining area restoration, and in particular to a grass planting bag for regreening and restoration of mining areas. Background Art

[0002] In arid and semi-arid mining areas with annual precipitation below 400 mm, the soil is usually dominated by yellow clay and red clay. Recently, due to the long-term mining of open-pit coal mines, the problems of exposed ground and poor soil on the slopes in mining areas have become increasingly serious. In the context of increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, there is an urgent need to carry out ecological restoration of the exposed ground and slopes after excavation. Although there are currently restoration solutions based on eco-bags in the prior art, most of the eco-bags in the prior art are made of polypropylene PP or polyester PET geotextiles, which have poor degradability, resulting in the bag body being left in the soil after greening, causing soil hardening and compaction, and hindering the formation of soil organic matter; in addition, in terms of the water retention performance of existing eco-bags, most of them only rely on water-retaining matrix soil or coatings, and the air permeability and water retention of the materials are different, which affects the germination rate of grass seeds in the bags.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a grass bag for reforestation and restoration of mining areas to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of poor regreening effect in the prior art for regreening of mining areas, and to provide a grass planting bag for regreening and repairing mining areas.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A grass-planting bag for greening and repairing a mining area comprises at least one grass-planting unit, wherein the grass-planting unit comprises a grass-planting bag layer, a fiber cotton layer and a breathable soil repair layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the interior of the grass-planting bag layer is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil, and the breathable soil repair layer is alternately filled with expanded clay and soil repair nutrient organic matter.

[0007] Preferably, the grass planting unit is a regular hexagon, and the grass planting layer of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles, and the interior of each of the equilateral triangles is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil.

[0008] Preferably, the grass-planting layer of the regular hexagonal grass-planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles by tie rods, and one end of the tie rods located in the grass-planting layer is connected to a tie rod ring arranged at the geometric center of the grass-planting layer, and tie rod hooks are arranged at the end points of the grass-planting layer.

[0009] Preferably, the side length of the equilateral triangle is 450-550 mm, the sum of the mass of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled inside each equilateral triangle is 2-4 kg, and the sum of the total weight of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled inside multiple equilateral triangles does not exceed 15-25 kg.

[0010] Preferably, the grass seeds are shrub seeds, and the shrub seeds include alfalfa seeds, Astragalus membranaceus seeds, Sweet Clover seeds, Elymus tinctorius seeds, Caragana microphylla seeds, and Amorpha fruticosa seeds;

[0011] The matrix soil includes 35-45% peat soil + decomposed sawdust + microbial organic fertilizer, 25-35% perlite and 25-35% local planting soil, and its saturated wet weight is 0.5-0.7T / m 3 .

[0012] Preferably, the grass-planting layer is made of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber.

[0013] Preferably, the breathable soil restoration layer of the regular hexagonal grass-planting unit includes a biodegradable filter and a plurality of partitions staggered on the biodegradable filter to form a plurality of ground grids, and the expanded clay and the soil restoration nutrient organic matter are staggeredly filled in the ground grids.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the fiber cotton layer is connected to the bottom of the grass-planting bag layer by a suture line, and the bottom is connected to the tops of several of the ground plug grids, and the bottoms of several of the ground plug grids are provided with ground nails for fixed connection with the ground.

[0015] Preferably, the partitions of the breathable soil repair layer of any two grass planting units are assembled by clamping parts.

[0016] Preferably, the partition is made of polylactic acid PLA fiber.

[0017] According to the above technical scheme, based on the grass bags for greening and restoration of the mining area, in actual application, by filling the interior of the top grass bag layer with high-carbon sink and water-saving grass seeds and matrix soil, the middle layer is provided with an ecological porous fiber cotton layer with water storage and water retention function, and the comprehensive superposition of the two layers has the advantages of heat preservation, moisture retention, biodegradability and strong air permeability, which can improve the germination and survival rate of grass seeds and achieve rapid greening in arid and semi-arid mining restoration areas. The bottom breathable soil restoration layer is further filled with porous ecological expanded clay and soil restoration nutrient organic matter, which can realize the function of repairing the soil in the mining area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grass-planting bag layer for greening and restoration of mining areas;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber cotton layer of the grass bag used for greening and restoration of mining areas;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathable soil restoration layer of the grass-planting bag used for greening and restoration of the mining area;

[0021] Figure 4 This is the effect diagram of the specific application of grass bags for greening and restoration in mining areas.

[0022] Description of Reference Numerals

[0023] 1. Grass-planting layer; 11. Tie hook; 12. Tie; 13. Tie ring; 2. Fiber cotton layer; 21. Suture line; 3. Breathable soil repair layer; 31. Biodegradable filter; 32. Partition; 33. Connector; 34. Ground nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention provides a grass planting bag for greening and repairing a mining area, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the grass planting bag for greening and repairing the mining area includes at least one grass planting unit, which includes a grass planting bag layer 1, a fiber cotton layer 2 and a breathable soil repair layer 3 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the grass planting bag layer 1 is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil, and the breathable soil repair layer 3 is staggered with ceramsite and soil repair nutrient organic matter. Preferably, the fiber cotton layer 2 is an ecological porous fiber cotton layer; the ceramsite is a porous ecological ceramsite.

[0026] According to the above technical scheme, based on the grass bags for greening and restoration of the mining area, in actual application, by filling the interior of the top grass bag layer with high-carbon sink and water-saving grass seeds and matrix soil, the middle layer is provided with an ecological porous fiber cotton layer with water storage and water retention function, and the comprehensive superposition of the two layers has the advantages of heat preservation, moisture retention, biodegradability and strong air permeability, which can improve the germination and survival rate of grass seeds and achieve rapid greening in arid and semi-arid mining restoration areas. The bottom breathable soil restoration layer is further filled with porous ecological expanded clay and soil restoration nutrient organic matter, which can realize the function of repairing the soil in the mining area.

[0027] In the grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas of the present invention, preferably, Figure 1As shown, the grass planting unit is a regular hexagon, and the grass planting layer 1 of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles, and the interior of each equilateral triangle is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil. Therefore, based on the method of dividing the grass planting layer 1 into multiple areas and filling each area with grass seeds and matrix soil, it can effectively meet the needs of different restoration environments while meeting the greening. Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, it can meet the repair needs of slopes with different slopes such as 0-30°, 30-60° and 60-90°.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the grass planting layer 1 of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is divided into six equilateral triangles by tie bars 12, and one end of the tie bars 12 located in the grass planting layer 1 is connected to a tie bar ring 13 set at the geometric center of the grass planting layer 1, and tie bar hooks 11 are set at the end points of the grass planting layer 1, wherein the tie bar ring 13 and the tie bar hook 11 are both driven into the ground from top to bottom, so that under the joint action of the tie bar hook and the tie bar ring, the grass planting unit will not slide under the action of gravity, and can be effectively stabilized in the repair of the slope. Specifically, the tie bar hook 11 is a Φ8 threaded tie bar hook, the tie bar 12 is a Φ10 threaded tie bar, and the tie bar ring 13 is an expansion bolt anchor point + tie bar ring.

[0029] In another specific embodiment, the side length of the equilateral triangle is 450-550 mm, preferably 480-520 mm, and most preferably 500 mm. The sum of the weight of the grass seeds and the matrix soil filled in each equilateral triangle is 2-4 kg, preferably 2.3-3.5 kg, and more preferably 2.5-3 kg. The sum of the total weight of the grass seeds and the matrix soil filled in the interior of the plurality of (6) equilateral triangles does not exceed 15-25 kg, and preferably does not exceed 20 kg. The weight of the grass seeds and the matrix soil can be controlled to ensure the safety and stability of the grass planting unit under the influence of gravity on different slopes. By controlling the total weight of the grass seeds and the matrix soil inside the multiple equilateral triangles, the grass planting unit can present different forms of fish scale cave shapes at different slope angles, thereby more effectively protecting the slope and consolidating the soil. In addition, this shape is conducive to collecting the runoff from above, so that the seeds and the matrix soil in each equilateral triangle of the grass planting layer can be fully watered, ventilated, and kept warm in arid and semi-arid regional environments, further promoting seed germination.

[0030] In another specific embodiment, the matrix soil is preferably light soil, which specifically includes 35-45% peat soil + decomposed sawdust + microbial organic fertilizer, 25-35% perlite and 25-35% local planting soil, and its saturated wet weight is 0.5-0.7T / m 3Compared with ordinary planting soil, its saturated wet weight is 1.2T / m 3 , the use of lightweight soil can better meet the gravity stability of slope repair between 30-90°, and the nutrients in lightweight soil can effectively improve the germination and survival rate of grass seeds. And further, by making the grass seeds preferably high-carbon sink and water-saving shrub seeds suitable for arid and semi-arid areas, and specifically making the shrub seeds include alfalfa seeds, Astragalus seeds, Sweet Clover seeds, Elymus seeds, Caragana seeds and Amorpha fruticosa seeds, the grass seeds can be better adapted to the living environment of arid and semi-arid areas, ensuring the initial germination rate and coverage. Among them, as a specific implementation method, the lightweight soil includes 40% peat soil + decomposed sawdust + microbial organic fertilizer, 30% perlite and 30% local planting soil, and its saturated wet weight is 0.6T / m 3 As another specific implementation, the mass ratio of the grass seeds to the matrix soil filled in each equilateral triangle is 1:3.

[0031] In the grass-planting bag for greening and restoration of mining areas described in the present invention, preferably, the grass-planting bag layer 1 is made of polylactic acid PLA fiber. Compared with traditional geotextile eco-bags, it has stronger moisture-retaining, heat-insulating and breathable properties, and has the advantage of being biodegradable. Within 120 days after the initial construction is completed, after maintaining the cycle of germination, growth, rooting and survival of seeds in the bag, under the action of soil, water and microorganisms, the polylactic acid PLA fiber bag can be degraded by 70%-90%, which can greatly reduce problems such as poor plant growth and soil compaction, and improve the effect of site ecological restoration.

[0032] In the grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas of the present invention, preferably, Figure 3 As shown, the breathable soil repair layer 3 of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit includes a biodegradable filter 31 and a plurality of partitions 32 staggered on the biodegradable filter 31 and surrounding a plurality of ground grids. The ceramsite a and the soil repair nutrient organic matter b are staggered and filled in the ground grids, so that the soil can be repaired based on the soil repair nutrient organic matter while the grass seeds grow underground. In a specific embodiment, the cross-section of the ground grid is rhombus-shaped and the upper opening is larger than the lower opening. In another specific embodiment, the soil repair nutrient organic matter selects the corresponding soil repair nutrient organic matter according to the properties of the soil in the installation environment, so as to effectively repair the soil quality while achieving greening.

[0033] In the grass-planting bag for regreening and repairing mining areas described in the present invention, preferably, the top of the fiber cotton layer 2 is connected to the bottom of the grass-planting bag layer 1 by a suture line 21, and the bottom is connected to the tops of several ground plug grids, and the bottoms of several ground plug grids are provided with ground nails 34 for fixed connection with the ground, so as to further meet the fixing needs of slopes with different slopes. In a specific embodiment, the top of the fiber cotton layer 2 is connected to the bottom of the grass-planting bag layer by a suture line 21 based on the six equilateral triangle tie-reinforcement dividing lines.

[0034] In the grass planting bag for regreening and repairing mining areas described in the present invention, preferably, the partitions 32 of the breathable soil repair layer 3 of any two grass planting units are assembled by snapping together via a snap-in piece 33. Specifically, a plurality of grooves are provided on the surface of a partition 32 of the breathable soil repair layer 3, and a plurality of corresponding protrusions are provided on the surface of a partition 32 of the other breathable soil repair layer 3, so that in actual application, they can be quickly assembled as needed. In a preferred embodiment, the grass planting unit can be further decomposed into two isosceles trapezoids, so that it can be better suitable for rapid assembly construction in different sites.

[0035] In the grass-planting bags for regreening and repairing mining areas described in the present invention, preferably, the partition 32 is made of polylactic acid PLA fiber, which is an advantageous material for retaining moisture, heat preservation, breathability, and biodegradability. It can avoid the difficulty in degradation of traditional geotextile eco-bags, causing soil hardening and compaction, and hindering the formation of soil organic matter.

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below through examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Use Figure 1-3 The grass-planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas shown is used for greening and repairing mining areas. Specifically, the grass-planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas includes at least one grass-planting unit, and the grass-planting unit includes a grass-planting bag layer 1, a fiber cotton layer 2 and a breathable soil repair layer 3 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The grass-planting bag layer 1 is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil, and the breathable soil repair layer 3 is staggered with ceramsite and soil repair nutrient organic matter; the fiber cotton layer 2 is an ecological porous fiber cotton layer; the ceramsite is a porous ecological ceramsite;

[0039] The grass seeds are shrub grass seeds, and the shrub grass seeds are Caragana seeds; the matrix soil includes 40% peat soil + decomposed sawdust + microbial organic fertilizer, 30% perlite and 30% local planting soil, and its saturated wet weight is 0.6T / m 3 The grass-planting layer 1 is made of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber.

[0040] In actual application, according to the size of a block to be reforested in the mining area, multiple grass planting units are used to assemble, cover and fix, and then fully irrigate the area to a depth of 5 cm in the original soil layer.

[0041] After testing, it was found that the use of the grass-planting bags for regreening and repairing mining areas of the present invention, with the survival and rooting of grass seeds in the grass-planting bag layer, the degradation of the degradable material, and the soil-repairing nutrient organic matter of the breathable soil repair layer slowly penetrated into the repaired soil along with the vegetation roots, can achieve the dual effects of rapid slope regreening and soil repair; in addition, the seeds can achieve a high survival rate during the germination period (within 2-3 weeks) without watering, which is suitable for saving water for vegetation in arid and semi-arid areas and reducing maintenance costs.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The grass planting unit is implemented with reference to Example 1, except that the grass planting unit is a regular hexagon, and the grass planting layer 1 of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles, and the interior of each equilateral triangle is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil; the grass planting layer 1 of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles by tie rods 12, and one end of the tie rods 12 located in the grass planting layer 1 is connected to a tie rod ring 13 arranged at the geometric center of the grass planting layer 1, and tie rod hooks 11 are arranged at the end points of the grass planting layer 1; the side length of the equilateral triangle is 500 mm, and the sum of the mass of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled in each equilateral triangle is 2.8 kg; the thickness of the fiber cotton layer 2 is 30 cm.

[0044] After testing, it was found that the grass-planting bags for regreening and repairing mining areas described in the present invention can further effectively meet the needs of regreening and repairing slopes of different slopes, compared with the solution in Example 1, without sliding under the action of gravity.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Refer to Example 2 for implementation, except that the breathable soil repair layer 3 of the regular hexagonal grass-planting unit includes a biodegradable filter 31 and a plurality of partitions 32 staggered on the biodegradable filter 31 and surrounding a plurality of ground grids, and the expanded clay and the soil repair nutrient organic matter are staggered and filled in the ground grids; the top of the fiber cotton layer 2 is connected to the bottom of the grass-planting bag 1 by a suture line 21, and the bottom is connected to the tops of a plurality of the ground grids, and the bottoms of the plurality of the ground grids are provided with ground nails 34 for fixed connection to the ground; the partitions 32 of the breathable soil repair layer 3 of any two grass-planting units are assembled by clamping parts 33; the partitions 32 are made of polylactic acid PLA fiber.

[0047] It has been found that the use of the grass-planting bags for regreening and repairing mining areas described in the present invention can further improve the regreening and repair effect on the target area compared to the solution in Example 2.

[0048] The grass-planting bag for regreening and repairing mining areas provided by the present invention is achieved by filling the interior of the top grass-planting bag layer with high-carbon sink and water-saving grass seeds and matrix soil, and the middle layer is provided with an ecological porous fiber cotton layer with water storage and water retention function. The comprehensive superposition of the two layers has the advantages of heat preservation, moisture retention, biodegradability and strong air permeability, which can improve the germination and survival rate of grass seeds and achieve the effect of rapid regreening in arid and semi-arid mining restoration areas. The bottom breathable soil repair layer is further staggered with porous ecological ceramsite and soil repair nutrient organic matter, which can realize the function of repairing the soil in the mining area.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grass planting bag for greening and restoration of mining areas, characterized in that: The grass planting bag for greening and repairing a mining area comprises at least one grass planting unit, wherein the grass planting unit comprises a grass planting bag layer (1), a fiber cotton layer (2) and a breathable soil repair layer (3) arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the grass planting bag layer (1) is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil, and the breathable soil repair layer (3) is alternately filled with ceramsite and soil repair nutrient organic matter.

2. The grass planting bag for greening and restoration of mining areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grass planting unit is a regular hexagon, and the grass planting layer (1) of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles, and the interior of each equilateral triangle is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil.

3. The grass planting bag for greening and restoration of mining areas according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The grass planting layer (1) of the grass planting unit in the shape of a regular hexagon is equally divided into six equilateral triangles by tie bars (12), and one end of the tie bars (12) located in the grass planting layer (1) is connected to a tie bar ring (13) arranged at the geometric center of the grass planting layer (1), and tie bar hooks (11) are arranged at the end points of the grass planting layer (1).

4. The grass planting bag for greening and restoration of mining areas according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The side length of the equilateral triangle is 450-550 mm, the total weight of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled inside each equilateral triangle is 2-4 kg, and the total weight of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled inside multiple equilateral triangles does not exceed 15-25 kg.

5. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The grass seeds are shrub seeds, including alfalfa seeds, Astragalus membranaceus seeds, Sweet Clover seeds, Elymus tinctorius seeds, Caragana microphylla seeds and Amorpha fruticosa seeds; The matrix soil includes 35-45% peat soil + decomposed sawdust + microbial organic fertilizer, 25-35% perlite and 25-35% local planting soil, and its saturated wet weight is 0.5-0.7T / m 3 .

6. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The grass-planting cladding (1) is made of polylactic acid (PLA) fibers.

7. The grass planting bag for greening and restoration of mining areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The breathable soil restoration layer (3) of the regular hexagonal grass-planting unit comprises a biodegradable filter (31) and a plurality of partitions (32) staggeredly arranged on the biodegradable filter (31) and surrounding a plurality of ground grids, and the ceramsite and the soil restoration nutrient organic matter are staggeredly filled in the ground grids.

8. The grass planting bag for greening and restoration of mining areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the fiber cotton layer (2) is connected to the bottom of the grass-planting bag layer (1) via a suture line (21), and the bottom is connected to the tops of a plurality of ground plug grids, and the bottoms of the plurality of ground plug grids are provided with ground nails (34) for fixed connection with the ground.

9. The grass planting bag for greening and restoration of mining areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The partitions (32) of the air-permeable soil repair layers (3) of any two grass-planting units are assembled by snap-jointing with the snap-joining pieces (33).

10. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The partition (32) is made of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber.

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