Construction method of high-yield cutting orchard for dwarfing and close planting of improved idesia variety

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction method of an idesia polycarpa improved variety dwarfing close planting high-yield cutting orchard. The construction method comprises the following steps: S1, nursery selection and layout, S2, early-stage preparation, S3, field planting, and S4, field planting current-year management: (1) complementary planting, (2) trunk fixing and pinching, (3) fertilization management, (4) field management, and (5) pest control management. S5, harvesting the scions; s6, cutting orchard management: bud picking, pinching, fertilization management, field management, pest control management and rejuvenation. According to the construction method of the dwarf close planting high-yield cutting orchard for the improved idesia variety, the harvested scions are good in quality, full in bud body, appropriate in bud spacing, high in lignification degree, and high in yield, and the pith is smaller than 1 / 3 of the thickness of the scions; the method is standard in operation steps, controllable in scion quality, wide in application prospect and important in value, propagation and popularization of improved varieties and supply of a large number of scions relying on the cutting orchard are important guarantees for achieving improved varieties of the idesia polycarpa, and industrial development of the idesia polycarpa can be greatly promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of Castanopsis japonici planting, and particularly relates to a method for constructing a Castanopsis japonici improved variety dwarfing densely planted high-yield bud collection nursery. Background Art

[0002] Ldesia polycarpa, also known as oil grape, water wax gourd, red fruit tree, etc., is a deciduous tree of the family Caryophyllaceae. Ldesia polycarpa has many advantages, such as strong environmental adaptability, wide range of suitable habitats, high ornamental value, good material, high fruit yield, high oil content, good oil quality, and long fruit-bearing period. It is known as the "oil depot on the tree" and is a woody oil plant with great development prospects. It is one of the dominant woody grain and oil tree species recommended for key development by the State Forestry and Grassland Administration.

[0003] In recent years, due to the needs of the development of the tung oil industry, the construction of tung oil high-yield raw material forest bases has been rapidly promoted, effectively solving the shortage of edible vegetable oil in my country. At present, the main method of breeding tung oil varieties is grafting, and a large number of strong branches are needed as scions every year. According to incomplete statistics, the current tung oil planting scale in the country is about 5 million mu, and it is planned to develop to 100 million mu by 2035. In addition to the variety replacement and the transformation of low-yield tung oil gardens, the demand for tung oil seedlings and scions is huge.

[0004] At present, the construction of high-quality seed collection nurseries for Castanopsis chinensis lags far behind the development of the industry. In production, the method mostly uses high-quality single trees from fruiting mother trees to collect scions. This method has problems such as few effective scions from fruiting mother trees, scions that are too thick or too thin, large pith, and incomplete buds, which are difficult to ensure the quality of scions; the trees are high, making it difficult to collect scions; and the scion collection from fruiting mother trees has a great impact on the yield of Castanopsis chinensis in the current and next year. These problems have seriously restricted the development of the Castanopsis chinensis industry. Therefore, the establishment of high-quality seed collection nurseries for Castanopsis chinensis, relying on the scion collection nurseries to breed and promote improved varieties and supply a large number of scions is an important guarantee for achieving improved varieties of Castanopsis chinensis.

[0005] In the current related research, there is no research report on scion nursery in the field of Castanopsis affine planting technology, which is a technical blank. In summary, it is urgent to develop a construction method for a high-yield scion nursery of Castanopsis affine with dwarf dense planting. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the invention is to provide a method for constructing a high-yield scion collection nursery of improved varieties of Castanopsis affine.

[0007] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for constructing a high-yield scion collection nursery of improved varieties of Castanopsis affine with dwarfing and dense planting, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1 Nursery Site Selection and Layout: Select gentle slopes or flatlands with sufficient sunlight, neutral or slightly acidic sandy loam as the nursery site, and divide it into several plots, with each plot being of the same clone;

[0010] S2 Preparations in Advance: After plowing the land thoroughly, make beds and disinfect the whole soil. Planting holes are arranged in a "pin" shape along the extension direction of the planting beds, and basal fertilizers are applied to each hole;

[0011] S3 Planting: Conduct planting before the leaf buds of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. germinate from February to March. Select one-year-old or two-year-old grafted seedlings using excellent varieties, clones that have been identified, approved, or recognized at or above the provincial level through local trials and shown success, or excellent individual plants with good growth in the local area as scion wood, and plant them according to the technical requirements of "burying three times, treading twice, and lifting the seedling once";

[0012] S4 Management in the Year of Planting: ①Replanting: Replant seedlings in a timely manner to ensure that the seedling survival rate is ≥98%. ②Topping and pinching: In April - May, top at 50 cm - 60 cm to promote the germination of lateral branches. Retain 1 strong branch in each direction as the main branch. In late July, remove the top 3 cm - 5 cm of the new shoot. ③Fertilizer management: Apply 50 g of compound fertilizer per plant by hole application respectively after topping and pinching. ④Field management: Drought resistance and waterlogging drainage are carried out to keep the soil field water holding capacity at 60% - 80%, and weeds are removed in a timely manner. ⑤Pest and disease control management;

[0013] S5 Scion Wood Harvesting: Start harvesting scion wood from the second year after planting. Harvest scion wood from February to March every year before the leaf buds germinate. Use pruning shears to cut horizontally at a distance of 5 cm - 10 cm from the main trunk for each main branch, and apply paint or wound healing agent to the cut;

[0014] S6 Management of the Scion Wood Orchard: ①Bud rubbing: Starting from the second year after planting, after harvesting the scion wood, retain 2 - 3 buds on each main branch, and rub off all the other buds. ②Pinching: In late July every year, remove the top 3 cm - 5 cm of the new shoot. ③Fertilizer management is the same as in step S4. ④Field management is the same as in step S4. ⑤Pest and disease control management is the same as in step S4. ⑥Rejuvenation: After 4 years of scion wood harvesting, the number of sprouted branches on the main trunk and the quality of the scion wood gradually decrease. Immediately after harvesting the scion wood, cut the stump at 3 - 5 cm above the grafting interface to re-cultivate the main branch.

[0015] In a more optimal implementation manner, the specific requirements for the nursery site selection in step S1 include: Select gentle slopes or flatlands with convenient transportation, easy irrigation, good drainage, deep soil layer, fertile soil, leeward and sunny, sufficient sunlight, neutral or slightly acidic sandy loam. The nursery site preferably selects areas with an annual average temperature of 15°C - 18°C, an annual rainfall of 800 mm - 1200 mm, an altitude of 500 m - 1000 m, a soil pH value of 5.5 - 7, and a soil layer thickness >60 cm.

[0016] In a more optimal implementation manner, the specific requirements for the preliminary preparation in step S2 include: conducting comprehensive reclamation and land preparation before planting, deeply plowing and finely leveling the land, removing sundries, with the land preparation depth being 25 - 30 cm; after the land preparation is completed, making beds. The planting seedbed is parallel to the contour lines, the bed width is 2 m, the bed height is 30 - 40 cm, and the operation ditch width is 50 - 60 cm; spraying a 50% carbendazim solution to disinfect the whole soil; arranging planting holes in a "pin" shape in the extending direction of the planting seedbed, with a spacing of 1 m × 1 m, and the planting hole specifications being 60 cm × 40 cm × 30 cm. On gentle slopes, the long side of the hole is parallel to the contour lines; applying 1 - 2 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer to each hole, mixing the organic fertilizer with the topsoil and filling it into the bottom of the hole.

[0017] In a more optimal implementation manner, the planting requirements in step S3 for planting include: ensuring that the seedlings are straight, the roots are naturally stretched, covering the soil and compacting it, compacting the soil tightly at the bottom and loosening it at the top, pouring sufficient root - fixing water, and then covering a thin layer of loose soil on it and piling it up into a bun shape.

[0018] In a more optimal implementation manner, the specific pest and disease control management in steps S4 and S6 specifically includes: for root rot, irrigating the diseased roots with a 0.5% - 1% copper sulfate solution, a 300 - fold solution of root rot - ling, or a 600 - fold solution of hymexazol, etc.;

[0019] For damping - off, spraying duofu or a 500 - 1000 - fold solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or spraying and irrigating with streptomycin sulfate or jinggangmycin. Cross - use duofu and carbendazim, and apply the medicine once every three days;

[0020] For anthracnose, spraying a 1500 - fold solution of 75% thiophanate - methyl wettable powder or a 500 - fold solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for prevention and control. For plants without disease, using a 6 - 11 - fold solution of 29% lime sulfur mixture or a Bordeaux mixture of 1∶0.5∶240 for prevention and control;

[0021] For Batocera horsfieldi, in winter or before the egg - laying period, mix 5 kg of quicklime, 0.5 kg of sulfur or crystalline lime sulfur mixture, 0.25 kg of salt, and 20 L of water well and then paint the tree trunk; from May to July, find the grub on the tree trunk, scrape off the eggs or larvae in the egg - laying groove on the tree trunk; from June to July, find the boring hole on the tree trunk, and use tools such as iron wire to hook and kill the larvae; use insecticidal pills or cotton balls dipped in insecticides such as pyrethroids and phoxim to block the insect holes or directly inject the liquid medicine into the insect passage with a syringe, and seal the hole opening with thin mud;

[0022] During the peak egg-laying period of adult gypsy moth and the initial hatching period of larvae, spray 50% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate or 1000 times diluted 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 2.5% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate or 3000 times diluted 20% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate once every 10 to 15 days; before the adults emerge or when individual adults begin to emerge, spray 300 to 500 times diluted 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate on the ground around the tree trunks, using 0.5 kg of medicine per mu, or spread 4% dimethoate powder, 0.4 kg to 0.75 kg per plant, to poison the emerged adults.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the implementation of the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] The method for constructing a high-yield scion nursery of improved varieties of Castanopsis schrenkiana produced by the invention produces Castanopsis schrenkiana scions of good quality, full buds, appropriate bud spacing, high degree of lignification, a pith smaller than 1 / 3 of the scion thickness, high yield, scions that can be collected in early spring of the year following planting, and fast production.

[0025] The method for constructing a high-yield scion nursery of improved varieties of Castanopsis acetospora of the present invention has standardized operating steps, controllable scion quality, broad application prospects, and important value. Relying on the scion nursery to breed and promote improved varieties and supply a large number of scion is an important guarantee for realizing the improved varieties of Castanopsis acetospora, and can greatly promote the industrial development of Castanopsis acetospora. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main steps of an implementation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, the modification or replacement of the method, step or condition of the present invention all belongs to the scope of the present invention.If not specifically indicated, the technical means used in the embodiment are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0029] Implementation location: The implementation location of this embodiment is the sheep and horse experimental base of Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. The bud collection area of ​​the embodiment is 5 mu, and the planting area of ​​the comparative example is 5 mu.

[0030] Embodiment: Embodiment 1 is the grafted seedling of Zaofeng No. 36 Castanopsis affine, and Embodiment 2 is the grafted seedling of Haitong No. 1 Castanopsis affine. The planting area of ​​each variety is 2.5 mu, and the planting time is: 2021.

[0031] Control example: Taking the fruit-bearing mother trees planted in 2014 in the Idesia polycarpa production garden of the Yangma Experimental Base of the Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry as the control, the control example 1 is the fruit-bearing mother tree of Idesia polycarpa cv. Zaofeng 36, and the control example 2 is the fruit-bearing mother tree of Idesia polycarpa cv. Haitong 1. Each of the control example 1 and the control example 2 is 2.5 mu.

[0032] The specific steps of the method for constructing the high-yield cutting nursery with dwarfing and close planting of improved varieties of Idesia polycarpa in the first and second embodiments are as follows:

[0033] S1 Nursery site selection and layout: Select gentle slopes or flat lands with sandy loam soil that is convenient for transportation, irrigation, drainage, has deep soil layers, fertile soil, is leeward and sunny, has sufficient sunlight, and is neutral or slightly acidic. It is not suitable to select saline-alkali land, heavy clay or sandy land sections; The nursery site is selected in an area with an average annual temperature of 15°C to 18°C, an annual rainfall of 800 mm to 1200 mm, an altitude of 500 m to 1000 m, a soil pH value of 5.5 to 7, and a soil layer thickness > 60 cm;

[0034] According to the planting scale, determine the area of the cutting nursery, divide the nursery land into several plots, each plot is the same clone (variety), and draw a planting layout diagram, indicating the location, clone number (variety name) and quantity;

[0035] S2 Preliminary preparation: Prepare the land and make beds. Conduct full reclamation and land preparation before planting, deeply plow and finely level, and remove sundries. The land preparation depth is 25 - 30 cm; After the land preparation is completed, open beds. The planting beds are parallel to the contour lines, the bed width is 2 m, the bed height is 30 cm - 40 cm, the operation ditch width is 50 cm - 60 cm, and spray 50% carbendazim solution for soil disinfection;

[0036] Arrange holes in a "pin" shape along the extension direction of the planting beds, with a spacing of 1 m × 1 m. The planting hole specifications are 60 cm × 40 cm × 30 cm. On gentle slopes, after parallel full reclamation and land preparation along the long side of the hole parallel to the contour lines, open beds and conduct soil disinfection. Arrange planting holes in a "pin" shape along the extension direction of the planting beds; Apply 1 kg - 2 kg of well-rotted organic fertilizer to each hole, and mix the organic fertilizer with the topsoil and fill it into the bottom of the hole;

[0037] S3 Planting: Conduct planting before the leaf buds of Idesia polycarpa germinate from February to March. Select one-year-old or two-year-old grafted seedlings of excellent single plants of improved varieties of Idesia polycarpa cv. Zaofeng 36 and Idesia polycarpa cv. Haitong 1 as scion wood, and plant them according to the technical requirements of "burying three times, treading twice, and lifting the seedling once", ensuring that the seedlings are straight, the roots are naturally stretched, the soil is covered and compacted, the lower part is tightly compacted and the upper part is loosened and compacted, pour sufficient root-fixing water, and then cover a thin layer of loose soil on it and heap it into a bun shape;

[0038] S4 Management in the year of planting: ① Replanting: timely replanting to ensure that the seedling preservation rate is ≥98%, ② Fixing and pinching: From April to May, fix the trunk at 50cm to 60cm to promote the germination of side branches. According to the growth of side branches, retain one strong branch in each direction as the main branch. In late July, when the new shoots grow to about 50cm, remove the 3cm-5cm tender shoots at the top of the new shoots to promote branch lignification and promote the germination of more spikes in autumn shoots. Remove some leaves to improve ventilation and light transmission; ③ Fertilization management: After fixing the trunk and pinching, apply compound fertilizer once per hole at 50g / plant, ④ Field management: Anti-drought and waterlogging, so that the soil field water holding capacity is 60% to 80%, and weed in time, ⑤ Disease and pest control management: For root rot, use 0.5%-1% copper sulfate solution, 300 times solution of root rot or 600 times solution of oxadiazine to irrigate the diseased roots;

[0039] For damping-off disease, spray with 500-1000 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or agricultural streptomycin and Jinggangmycin for irrigation. Use 500-100 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder. Use 500-1000 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder alternately, once every three days.

[0040] Anthracnose can be controlled by spraying 1500 times diluted 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder or 500 times diluted 50% carbendazim wettable powder. For plants that are not diseased, 6-11 times diluted 29% lime sulfur mixture or 1:0.5:240 Bordeaux mixture can be used for control.

[0041] In winter or before the egg-laying period of the longhorn beetle, mix 5kg of quicklime, 0.5kg of sulfur or crystal lime sulfur mixture, 0.25kg of salt, and 20L of water thoroughly, then brush the tree trunk; from May to July, find the grubs on the tree trunks and scrape out the eggs or larvae in the egg-laying grooves on the tree trunks; from June to July, find the boreholes on the tree trunks and kill the larvae with tools such as wire; plug the wormholes with insecticide pills or cotton balls dipped in insecticides such as pyrethroids and phoxim, or use a syringe to directly inject the liquid into the worm tunnel, and seal the hole with mud;

[0042] During the peak egg-laying period of gypsy moth adults and the initial hatching period of larvae, spray 50% cypermethrin EC or 50% phoxim EC 1000 times dilution, 2.5% deltamethrin EC or 20% cypermethrin EC 3000 times dilution once every 10 to 15 days; before the adults emerge or when individual adults begin to emerge, spray 50% phoxim EC 300 to 500 times dilution on the ground around the trunk, 0.5 kg per mu, or spread 4% dimethoate powder, 0.4 kg to 0.75 kg per plant, to kill the unearthed adults;

[0043] S5 Cuttings harvesting: Use trees to overwinter and store cuttings. Start harvesting cuttings in the second year of planting. Harvest cuttings before leaf buds sprout in February to March each year. Use pruning shears to cut straight from each main branch 5cm to 10cm away from the trunk. The cuts should be straight and not cut obliquely. Paint or wound healing agent should be applied to the cuts.

[0044] S6 Scion nursery management: ① Bud removal: From the second year after planting, keep 2 to 3 buds on each main branch after collecting scion cuttings, and remove all other buds; ② Pinching: In late July, when the new shoots grow to about 50 cm, remove the tender shoots 3 cm-5 cm above the top of the new shoots to promote branch lignification and the sprouting of more scion cuttings in autumn; remove some leaves to improve ventilation and light transmission; ③ Fertilization management is the same as step S4; ④ Field management is the same as step S4; ⑤ Pest and disease control management is the same as step S4; ⑥ Rejuvenation: 4 years after scion collection, the number of branches sprouting from the main branches and the quality of scion cuttings gradually decrease. Immediately after the scion cuttings are harvested, cut them flat 3 to 5 cm above the grafting interface to re-cultivate the main branches.

[0045] Implementation effect: From February to March 2022 to 2024, after harvesting the spikelets of the Castanopsis affine planted in Example 1, Example 2, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, the spikelet yields in each garden of Example 1-2 and Comparative Example 1-2 were counted. The specific data are shown in Table 1.

[0046] From the statistical results of Table 1, it can be seen that in Example 1 and Example 2, 667 tung trees were planted per mu to establish a tung tree seed collection nursery. In the second year after planting, 41,354 to 44,022 tung tree scions per mu can be produced. In the third year after planting, 77,372 to 82,041 tung tree scions per mu can be produced. In the fourth year after planting, 90,045 to 105,386 tung tree scions per mu can be produced. In the traditional tung tree production garden, 42 trees are planted per mu. The annual output of scions in the 8-10-year tung tree high-yield forest is only 882 to 1,176 per mu, which is far lower than the tung tree scion yield in the example.

[0047] On the other hand, the thickness of the Castanopsis truncatula scion produced in Example 1 and Example 2 is between 1.11 and 1.89 cm, the average bud diameter is ≥0.7 cm, the buds are full, the bud spacing is appropriate, the degree of lignification is high, the pith is less than 1 / 3 of the scion thickness, and the scion quality is good.

[0048] In summary, the scion of Castanopsis japonici produced by the method of the present invention has good quality and high yield, can be harvested in the early spring of the following year after planting, has fast production, good scion quality and stable quality.

[0049] Table 1 Statistics of spikelet yields for 3 years for Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0050]

Claims

1. A method for constructing a high-yield scion nursery of improved varieties of Castanopsis affine with dense planting, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1 Nursery site selection and layout: Select gentle slopes or flat lands with sandy loam that is neutral or slightly acidic, has sufficient sunlight, and divide them into several small plots, with each small plot being of the same clone; S2 Preliminary preparation: After thorough cultivation of the land, make beds and furrows, disinfect the whole soil, arrange planting holes in a "pin" shape along the extension direction of the planting beds, and apply base fertilizer to each hole; S3 Planting: Conduct planting before the leaf buds of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. germinate from February to March. Select one-year-old or two-year-old grafted seedlings using excellent varieties, clones that have been identified, approved, or recognized at the provincial level or above, or excellent individual plants with good growth in the local area for trial planting and showing success as scion wood, and plant them according to the technical requirements of "burying three times, treading twice, and lifting the seedling once"; S4 Management in the year of planting: ① Supplementary planting: Timely replenish seedlings to ensure that the seedling survival rate ≥ 98%, ② Trunk topping and tip pruning: From April to May, top the trunk at 50 cm - 60 cm to promote the germination of lateral branches, and retain 1 strong branch in each direction as the main trunk branch. In late July, remove the 3 cm - 5 cm tender tips at the top of the new shoots, ③ Fertilization management: Apply 50 g / plant of compound fertilizer by hole application respectively after trunk topping and tip pruning, ④ Field management: Drought resistance and waterlogging drainage to keep the soil field water holding capacity at 60% - 80%, timely weed control, ⑤ Pest and disease control management; S5 Scion wood harvesting: Start harvesting scion wood in the second year after planting. Harvest scion wood from February to March every year before the leaf buds germinate. Use pruning shears to cut horizontally at 5 cm - 10 cm from the main trunk for each main branch, and apply paint or wound healing agent to the cut; S6 Management of the scion wood nursery: ① Bud rubbing: From the second year after planting, after scion wood collection, retain 2 - 3 buds on each main trunk branch, and rub off all the other buds, ② Tip pruning: In late July every year, remove the 3 cm - 5 cm tender tips at the top of the new shoots, ③ Fertilization management is the same as in step S4, ④ Field management is the same as in step S4, ⑤ Pest and disease control management is the same as in step S4, ⑥ Rejuvenation: After 4 years of scion wood harvesting, the number of sprouted branches on the main trunk branch and the quality of scion wood gradually decrease. Immediately after scion wood harvesting, cut the stump at 3 - 5 cm above the grafting interface to re-cultivate the main trunk branch.

2. The method for constructing a high-yield scion nursery of improved varieties of Castanopsis affine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific requirements for nursery site selection in step S1 include: Select areas with convenient transportation, convenient irrigation, good drainage, deep soil layer, fertile soil, leeward and sunny, sufficient sunlight, gentle slopes or flat lands with sandy loam that is neutral or slightly acidic. It is preferred that the nursery site has an average annual temperature of 15℃ - 18℃, an annual rainfall of 800 mm - 1200 mm, an altitude of 500 m - 1000 m, a soil pH value of 5.5 - 7, and a soil layer thickness > 60 cm.

3. The method for constructing a high-yield scion nursery of improved varieties of Castanopsis affine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific requirements for preliminary preparation in step S2 include: Conduct thorough cultivation of the land before planting, deeply plow and finely level the land, and remove sundries. The tillage depth is 25 - 30 cm; After land preparation, make beds and furrows. The planting beds are parallel to the contour lines, the bed width is 2 m, the bed height is 30 cm - 40 cm, and the operation ditch width is 50 cm - 60 cm; Spray 50% carbendazim solution to disinfect the whole soil; Arrange holes in a "pin" shape along the extension direction of the planting beds, with a spacing of 1 m × 1 m. The planting hole specifications are 60 cm × 40 cm × 30 cm, and the long side of the hole on the gentle slope is parallel to the contour line; Apply 1 kg - 2 kg of well-rotted organic fertilizer to each hole, and mix the organic fertilizer with the topsoil and fill it into the bottom of the hole.

4. The method for constructing a high-yield scion nursery of improved varieties of Castanopsis affine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The planting requirements in step S3 include: ensuring that the seedlings are straight, the roots are naturally stretched, the soil is covered and compacted, the soil is compacted at the bottom and loosened at the top, and enough water is poured to establish roots, and a thin layer of loose soil is piled on top and formed into a bun shape.

5. The method for constructing a high-yield scion nursery of improved varieties of Castanopsis affine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pest control management in step S4 and step S6 specifically includes: watering the diseased roots with 0.5%-1% copper sulfate solution, 300 times dilution of oxazolidinone or 600 times dilution of oxazolidinone for root rot; For damping-off disease, spray with 500-1000 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or agricultural streptomycin and Jinggangmycin for irrigation. Use 500-100 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder. Use 500-1000 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder alternately, once every three days. Anthracnose can be controlled by spraying 1500 times diluted 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder or 500 times diluted 50% carbendazim wettable powder. For plants that are not diseased, 6-11 times diluted 29% lime sulfur mixture or 1:0.5:240 Bordeaux mixture can be used for control. In winter or before the egg-laying period of the longhorn beetle, mix 5kg of quicklime, 0.5kg of sulfur or crystalline lime sulfur, 0.25kg of salt, and 20L of water thoroughly, then brush the tree trunk; from May to July, find the grubs on the tree trunks and scrape out the eggs or larvae in the crescent-shaped egg-laying grooves on the tree trunks; from June to July, find the boreholes on the tree trunks and kill the larvae with tools such as wire; plug the wormholes with walnut insecticide pills or cotton balls dipped in pyrethroids, phoxim and other insecticides, or use a syringe to directly inject the liquid into the wormhole, and seal the hole with mud; During the peak egg-laying period of adult gypsy moth and the initial hatching period of larvae, spray 50% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate or 1000 times diluted 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 2.5% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate or 3000 times diluted 20% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate once every 10 to 15 days; before the adults emerge or when individual adults begin to emerge, spray 300 to 500 times diluted 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate on the ground around the tree trunks, using 0.5 kg of medicine per mu, or spread 4% dimethoate powder, 0.4 kg to 0.75 kg per plant, to poison the emerged adults.

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