Planting method for preventing and treating rice blast

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for preventing and treating rice blast, and relates to the field of planting methods for preventing and treating rice blast. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of rice yield reduction caused by year-by-year increase of rice blast at present. The method comprises the steps of 1, field pretreatment; 2, pretreating the seeds; 3, culturing seedlings; 4, transplanting; 5, field management; and 6, harvesting. By reasonably applying the fertilizer, the ratio of potassium to nitrogen in the rice body is increased, the metabolism of nitrogen is normal, the content of soluble nitrides is reduced, fibers in stalks are increased, the tissues are hard, and diseases are inhibited. The method is used for preventing and treating rice blast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of planting methods for preventing and controlling rice blast. Background Art

[0002] Rice blast, also known as rice fever, fire blast, knocking blast, etc., is a disease caused by rice blast pathogens and occurs in rice. Rice blast can occur throughout the entire growth period of rice and is distributed throughout the world's rice-growing areas. It is a major disease in rice production. After the appearance of rice blast lesions, the lesions will produce a large number of conidia in a suitable climate, which will be spread by air currents and re-infect, leading to local outbreaks, seriously affecting rice yields, and even causing white ears and even total failure of production.

[0003] In recent years, rice blast has shown an increasing trend year by year, and the prevention and control of rice blast has become a key issue in agricultural production. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a scientific planting method for preventing and controlling rice blast. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to solve the technical problem that rice blast increases year by year and leads to rice yield reduction, and provides a planting method for preventing and controlling rice blast.

[0005] A planting method for preventing and controlling rice blast disease is specifically carried out according to the following steps:

[0006] 1. Deeply plow the field after exposing it to the sun, spray insecticides and antibacterial agents, and then apply base fertilizer;

[0007] 2. Select rice seeds with full grains, soak them in clean water, and then soak them in Lingru oil soaking liquid;

[0008] 3. Sowing the rice seeds treated in step 2 on a seedling tray containing a substrate, and then evenly sprinkling plant ash and rice husk ash on them to cultivate the seedlings. When the rice seedlings grow to 3 to 4 leaves, spraying a fungicide;

[0009] 4. When the rice seedlings cultivated in step 3 grow to 5-6 leaves, transplant them to the field treated in step 1;

[0010] 5. Carry out field management. When the rice seedlings are tillering, apply fertilizers, including nitrogen fertilizer, potassium oxide and humic acid; apply tricyclazole at the early stage of heading, and apply liquid silicon fertilizer at the heading stage; apply foliar topdressing to the rice seedlings at the heading stage, including nitrogen fertilizer, sodium humate and choline dihydrogen citrate;

[0011] 6. When the rice is ripe, harvest it.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0013] The present invention increases the potassium-nitrogen ratio in rice by rationally applying fertilizers, normalizes nitrogen metabolism, reduces the content of soluble nitrogen compounds, increases the fiber in the stems, hardens the tissue, and inhibits the onset of disease. At the same time, the present invention applies liquid silicon fertilizer, and after the rice absorbs the silicon fertilizer, silicified cells are formed to increase the strength of the rice cell wall, the plant is upright, the stems and leaves are upright, and the light situation is significantly changed, which is conducive to ventilation and light transmission and the accumulation of organic matter. Silicon element can increase the content of rice chlorophyll, prolong the growth period, and promote rice growth. The formation of silicified cells promotes the thickening of the rice epidermal cell wall, the increase of the cuticle, the formation of a solid protective layer, the increase of the mechanical strength and stability of the tissue, and thus the enhancement of the resistance to rice blast.

[0014] The method of the invention is used for preventing and controlling rice blast. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Specific implementation method 1: This implementation method is a planting method for preventing and controlling rice blast, which is specifically carried out according to the following steps:

[0016] 1. Deeply plow the field after exposing it to the sun, spray insecticides and antibacterial agents, and then apply base fertilizer;

[0017] 2. Select rice seeds with full grains, soak them in clean water, and then soak them in Lingru oil soaking liquid;

[0018] 3. Sowing the rice seeds treated in step 2 on a seedling tray containing a substrate, and then evenly sprinkling plant ash and rice husk ash on them to cultivate the seedlings. When the rice seedlings grow to 3 to 4 leaves, spraying a fungicide;

[0019] 4. When the rice seedlings cultivated in step 3 grow to 5-6 leaves, transplant them to the field treated in step 1;

[0020] 5. Carry out field management. When the rice seedlings are tillering, apply fertilizers, including nitrogen fertilizer, potassium oxide and humic acid; apply tricyclazole at the early stage of heading, and apply liquid silicon fertilizer at the heading stage; apply foliar topdressing to the rice seedlings at the heading stage, including nitrogen fertilizer, sodium humate and choline dihydrogen citrate;

[0021] 6. When the rice is ripe, harvest it.

[0022] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment is different from the specific embodiment 1 in that the insecticide and antibacterial agent in step 1 is buprofezin or imidacloprid. The rest is the same as the specific embodiment 1.

[0023] Specific implementation method 3: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method 1 or 2 in that: the base fertilizer application amount in step 1 is 5-7 kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 5-6 kg / mu of phosphorus pentoxide, and 4-5 kg / mu of potassium oxide. The rest is the same as specific implementation method 1 or 2.

[0024] Specific implementation method 4: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 3 in that the mass concentration of the Lingmu seed soaking liquid in step 2 is 10%, and the soaking time is 5 to 7 days. The rest is the same as specific implementation methods 1 to 3.

[0025] Specific implementation method 5: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 4 in that: in step 3, garlic extract is added to the substrate in an amount of 1 to 5% of the substrate mass. The rest is the same as specific implementation methods 1 to 4.

[0026] Specific embodiment 6: This embodiment is different from specific embodiments 1 to 5 in that the bactericidal agent in step 3 is kasugamycin·tricyclazole suspension, with a mass concentration of 22-25%. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 5.

[0027] Specific implementation method 7: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 6 in that: in step 4, the plant spacing of the transplanted rice seedlings is controlled to be 12 to 14 cm, and the row spacing is controlled to be 25 to 30 cm. The rest is the same as specific implementation methods 1 to 6.

[0028] Specific embodiment 8: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 7 in that the fertilizer application amount in step 5 is 2-3 kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.5-1.0 kg / mu of potassium oxide, and 0.5-1.0 kg / mu of humic acid. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 7.

[0029] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 8 in that the amount of liquid silicon fertilizer applied in step 5 is 100 mL / mu. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 8.

[0030] Specific embodiment 10: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 9 in that the amount of foliar fertilizer applied in step 5 is 1-2 kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.5-1.0 kg / mu of sodium humate, and 0.5-1.0 kg / mu of choline dihydrogen citrate. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 9.

[0031] The content of the present invention is not limited to the content of the above-mentioned embodiments. The combination of one or several specific embodiments can also achieve the purpose of the invention.

[0032] Example:

[0033] The rice variety used in this embodiment is Jiahe No. 1, and the field is located at the lower limit of the third accumulated temperature zone.

[0034] The present embodiment provides a planting method for preventing and controlling rice blast, which is specifically carried out according to the following steps:

[0035] 1. After the field is exposed to the sun, it is deep-turned, and the insecticide and antibacterial agent imidacloprid is sprayed, and then base fertilizer is applied; the base fertilizer application amount is 6kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 6kg / mu of phosphorus pentoxide, and 5kg / mu of potassium oxide;

[0036] 2. Select rice seeds with full grains, soak them in clean water, and then soak them in Lingruo oil soaking solution; the mass concentration of Lingruo oil soaking solution is 10%, and the soaking time is 5 days;

[0037] 3. Sowing the rice seeds treated in step 2 on a seedling tray containing a substrate, adding garlic extract to the substrate in an amount of 5% of the substrate mass, and then evenly sprinkling plant ash and rice husk ash on the substrate to cultivate the seedlings. When the rice seedlings grow to 3 to 4 leaves, spraying a fungicide, wherein the fungicide is a kasugamycin tricyclazole suspension with a mass concentration of 25%;

[0038] 4. When the rice seedlings cultivated in step 3 grow to 5-6 leaves, they are transplanted to the field treated in step 1, with the plant spacing controlled to 14 cm and the row spacing to 30 cm;

[0039] 5. Field management: When the rice seedlings are tillering, apply fertilizers, including nitrogen fertilizer, potassium oxide and humic acid, with the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer 2kg / mu, potassium oxide 0.5kg / mu, and humic acid 0.5kg / mu; apply tricyclazole agent at the early stage of heading, with a tricyclazole mass concentration of 75%, and apply liquid silicon fertilizer at the heading stage, with the application amount of liquid silicon fertilizer being 100mL / mu; apply foliar topdressing to the rice seedlings at the heading stage, with the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer 1kg / mu, sodium humate 0.5kg / mu, and dihydrogen citrate choline 0.5kg / mu;

[0040] 6. When the rice is ripe, harvest it.

[0041] The yield per mu of this embodiment reaches 732kg.

[0042] Testing the control effect of rice blast: 250 plants were surveyed

[0043] Growth stage Disease rate (%) Browning rate (%) Tillering period 0 0.12 Heading period 0 0.12 Flowering period 0 0.16 Maturity 0 0.16

[0044] The experimental results show that the method of the present invention can effectively prevent and control rice blast, and the per-acre rice yield is at a relatively high level.

Claims

1. A planting method for preventing and controlling rice blast, characterized in that The method is specifically carried out in the following steps:

1. Deeply plow the field after exposing it to the sun, spray insecticides and antibacterial agents, and then apply base fertilizer; 2. Select rice seeds with full grains, soak them in clean water, and then soak them in Lingru oil seed soaking liquid; 3. Sowing the rice seeds treated in step 2 on a seedling tray containing a substrate, and then evenly sprinkling plant ash and rice husk ash on them to cultivate the seedlings. When the rice seedlings grow to 3 to 4 leaves, spraying a fungicide; 4. When the rice seedlings grown in step 3 grow to 5-6 leaves, transplant them to the field treated in step 1; 5. Carry out field management. When the rice seedlings tiller, apply fertilizers, including nitrogen fertilizer, potassium oxide and humic acid; apply tricyclazole at the early stage of heading, and apply liquid silicon fertilizer at the full heading stage; The rice seedlings were given foliar topdressing at the heading stage, which included nitrogen fertilizer, sodium humate and choline dihydrogen citrate; 6. When the rice is ripe, harvest it.

2. A method for preventing and controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that The insecticide and antibacterial agent in step 1 is thiamethoxam or imidacloprid.

3. A method for preventing and controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that The base fertilizer application amount in step 1 is 5-7 kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 5-6 kg / mu of phosphorus pentoxide, and 4-5 kg / mu of potassium oxide.

4. A method for preventing and controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass concentration of the Lingmu emulsion seed soaking solution in step 2 is 10%, and the seed soaking time is 5 to 7 days.

5. A method for preventing and controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 3, garlic extract is added to the matrix, and the added amount is 1-5% of the matrix mass.

6. A method for preventing and controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that The bactericidal agent in step 3 is kasugamycin-tricyclazole suspension with a mass concentration of 22-25%.

7. A method for preventing and controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 4: Control the plant spacing of transplanted rice seedlings to be 12 to 14 cm and the row spacing to be 25 to 30 cm.

8. A method for preventing and controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that In step five, the amount of fertilizer applied is 2-3 kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.5-1.0 kg / mu of potassium oxide, and 0.5-1.0 kg / mu of humic acid.

9. A method for preventing and controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 5: Apply liquid silicon fertilizer at a rate of 100 mL / mu.

10. A planting method for preventing and controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 5: The amount of foliar fertilizer applied is 1-2 kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.5-1.0 kg / mu of sodium humate, and 0.5-1.0 kg / mu of choline dihydrogen citrate.