Alfalfa and wheat mixed planting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mixed planting method for alfalfa and wheat. The alfalfa and wheat mixed planting method comprises the following steps that alfalfa seeds are taken and subjected to skin breaking and coating treatment, and pelletized alfalfa seeds are obtained for standby application; performing deep ploughing, soil preparation and base fertilizer application on the land parcels to be sown, using an underground drip irrigation pipe laying machine to lay underground drip irrigation belts with the burial depth of 15-20 cm, and covering soil on the earth surface by 8-10 cm; a proper amount of pelletized alfalfa seeds and wheat seeds are mixed and sown, first-time drip irrigation is carried out after sowing, and second-time drip irrigation is carried out after seedling emergence; cutting is carried out twice in the same year of planting, drip irrigation is carried out before and after each time of cutting, and the irrigation amount before cutting is 30-40% of the total irrigation amount of the stubble. According to the alfalfa and wheat mixed planting method, the emergence rate of alfalfa seeds and the survival rate of alfalfa seedlings can be greatly increased, the seed sowing amount and the watering amount are reduced, and the alfalfa planting cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alfalfa planting, and in particular to a method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat. Background Art

[0002] Alfalfa is a perennial leguminous forage grass originating from the Near East and Central Asia. It has the characteristics of high forage yield, strong palatability, long utilization period and rich nutrition. It is known as the "king of forage grasses".

[0003] Alfalfa is the most widely distributed cultivated forage grass in the world today. Its main production areas in my country are Northwest China, North China, Northeast China, and the Yangtze and Huaihe River Basin. Vigorously promoting the planting of alfalfa can improve the level of animal husbandry production, promote the virtuous cycle of grain, livestock, and grass, and is of great significance to promoting agricultural efficiency and agricultural income. In addition, alfalfa can effectively prevent soil erosion, has the functions of preventing wind and sand, regulating air, and conserving water resources, and plays an irreplaceable role in the ecological environment.

[0004] Due to the strong winds and strong sunshine in Xinjiang, my country, alfalfa is usually mixed with wheat when planted. Wheat serves as a shade shield, but there are problems such as low germination rate of alfalfa seeds and low survival rate of alfalfa seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat, which can greatly improve the emergence rate of alfalfa seeds and the survival rate of alfalfa seedlings, reduce the seed sowing amount and watering amount, and reduce the cost of planting alfalfa.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat, comprising the following steps: Step 1, taking alfalfa seeds, breaking the skin and coating them to obtain pelletized alfalfa seeds for later use; Step 2: Deeply plough and prepare the land for sowing, apply basal fertilizer, and use an underground drip irrigation pipe laying machine to lay underground drip irrigation tapes. The drip irrigation tapes are buried at a depth of 15 to 20 cm, and the surface is covered with 8 to 10 cm of soil. Step 3: Take appropriate amount of the pelletized alfalfa seeds and wheat seeds for mixed sowing, perform the first drip irrigation after sowing, and perform the second drip irrigation after germination; Step 4: Mowing is carried out twice in the planting year. Drip irrigation is carried out before and after each mowing. The irrigation amount before mowing is 30-40% of the total irrigation amount of this crop.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the mixed planting method of alfalfa and wheat provided by the present invention, the alfalfa seeds are one of Inster alfalfa, wL343 alfalfa, and wL358 alfalfa.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the mixed planting method of alfalfa and wheat provided by the present invention, in the step 1, the hull breaking and coating process comprises the following steps: Putting alfalfa seeds and fine sand into a container, vibrating until scratches appear on the surface of the alfalfa seeds, and then sieving to separate the alfalfa seeds from the fine sand; The separated alfalfa seeds are placed in the ABT rooting powder solution and soaked at room temperature for 24 hours, taken out and drained for later use; The alfalfa seeds soaked in the ABT rooting powder solution are coated to obtain pelletized alfalfa seeds, which include a nutrient layer wrapped outside the alfalfa seeds, a water-retaining layer wrapped outside the nutrient layer, and a film-forming layer wrapped outside the water-retaining layer.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the mixed planting method of alfalfa and wheat provided by the present invention, the particle size of the fine sand is smaller than the diameter of the alfalfa seeds.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the mixed planting method of alfalfa and wheat provided by the present invention, the preparation method of the ABT rooting powder solution is: take an appropriate amount of water-soluble ABT rooting powder according to the soaking requirements and dissolve it in warm water at 85° C. to obtain the ABT rooting powder solution.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the mixed planting method of alfalfa and wheat provided by the present invention, based on the mass of the alfalfa seeds, the nutrient layer includes 20-30% talcum powder, 3-5% alfalfa root nodule bacteria, 0.1-0.5% biological humic acid, 1-3% urea, 0.5-1% diammonium phosphate, and 0.5-1% ammonium molybdate; The water-retaining layer comprises 10-15% talcum powder and 8-10% biomass water-retaining agent; The film-forming layer comprises 10-15% talc, 0.1-0.5% warning color dye, 8-10% thiram and 3-5% methyl thiophanate; The nutrient layer, the water-retaining layer and the film-forming layer all use 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution as an adhesive.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the mixed planting method of alfalfa and wheat provided by the present invention, in the step three, the sowing amount of the pelletized alfalfa seeds is 1-1.5 kg / mu; the sowing amount of the wheat seeds is 12-20 kg / mu; the irrigation amount of the first drip irrigation is 20-25 m³ / mu; and the irrigation amount of the second drip irrigation is 30-35 m³ / mu.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the mixed planting method of alfalfa and wheat provided by the present invention, in the step 4, drip irrigation is performed twice before each mowing, and the irrigation amount of the two drip irrigations is the same.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the mixed planting method of alfalfa and wheat provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by breaking the skin and coating the alfalfa seeds, the emergence rate of the alfalfa seeds and the survival rate of the alfalfa seedlings can be greatly improved, the drought resistance and seedling protection ability of the alfalfa seedlings can be improved, the alfalfa planting can be successfully achieved, the seed sowing amount and the watering amount can be reduced, and the drip irrigation belt is shallowly buried 15-20 cm underground and the surface is covered with 8-10 cm of soil, so that the entire 20-30 cm soil layer on the ground is soft and moist, the seeds are not easily hardened or sun-dried after germination, the emergence rate can reach 95-100%, and the cost of planting alfalfa is greatly reduced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0016] A method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat comprises the following steps: Step 1, taking alfalfa seeds, breaking the skin and coating them to obtain pelletized alfalfa seeds for later use; Specifically, the alfalfa seeds are one of Yingster alfalfa, wL343 alfalfa, and wL358 alfalfa; The skin breaking and coating process comprises the following steps: Putting alfalfa seeds and fine sand into a container, vibrating until scratches appear on the surface of the alfalfa seeds, and then sieving to separate the alfalfa seeds from the fine sand; wherein the particle size of the fine sand is smaller than the diameter of the alfalfa seeds; The separated alfalfa seeds are placed in an ABT rooting powder solution and soaked at room temperature for 24 hours, taken out and drained for later use; wherein the preparation method of the ABT rooting powder solution is: according to the soaking requirements, an appropriate amount of water-soluble ABT rooting powder is dissolved in warm water at 85° C. to obtain the ABT rooting powder solution; The alfalfa seeds soaked in the ABT rooting powder solution are coated to obtain pelletized alfalfa seeds, wherein the pelletized alfalfa seeds include a nutrient layer wrapped outside the alfalfa seeds, a water-retaining layer wrapped outside the nutrient layer, and a film-forming layer wrapped outside the water-retaining layer; wherein, based on the mass of the alfalfa seeds, the nutrient layer includes 20% talcum powder, 3% alfalfa root nodule bacteria, 0.1% biological humic acid, 1% urea, 0.5% diammonium phosphate, and 0.5% ammonium molybdate; The water-retaining layer comprises 10% talcum powder and 8% biomass water-retaining agent; The film-forming layer includes 10% talc, 0.1% warning color dye, 8% thiram and 3% methyl thiophanate; The nutrient layer, the water-retaining layer and the film-forming layer all use 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution as a binder; Step 2: Deeply plough and prepare the land for sowing, apply basal fertilizer, and use an underground drip irrigation pipe laying machine to lay underground drip irrigation tapes. The drip irrigation tapes are buried at a depth of 15 to 20 cm, and the surface is covered with 8 to 10 cm of soil. Step 3: Take appropriate amount of the pelletized alfalfa seeds and wheat seeds for mixed sowing, perform the first drip irrigation after sowing, and perform the second drip irrigation after germination; Specifically, the sowing amount of the pelletized alfalfa seeds is 1-1.5 kg / mu; the sowing amount of the wheat seeds is 12-20 kg / mu; the irrigation amount of the first drip irrigation is 20-25 m³ / mu; the irrigation amount of the second drip irrigation is 30-35 m³ / mu; Step 4: Two mowings are carried out in the planting year, and drip irrigation is carried out before and after each mowing. Drip irrigation is carried out twice before each mowing, and the irrigation amount of the two drip irrigations is the same. The irrigation amount before each mowing is 30% of the total irrigation amount of this crop. Example

[0017] A method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat comprises the following steps: Step 1, taking alfalfa seeds, breaking the skin and coating them to obtain pelletized alfalfa seeds for later use; Specifically, the alfalfa seeds are one of Yingster alfalfa, wL343 alfalfa, and wL358 alfalfa; The skin breaking and coating process comprises the following steps: Putting alfalfa seeds and fine sand into a container, vibrating until scratches appear on the surface of the alfalfa seeds, and then sieving to separate the alfalfa seeds from the fine sand; wherein the particle size of the fine sand is smaller than the diameter of the alfalfa seeds; The separated alfalfa seeds are placed in an ABT rooting powder solution and soaked at room temperature for 24 hours, taken out and drained for later use; wherein the preparation method of the ABT rooting powder solution is: according to the soaking requirements, an appropriate amount of water-soluble ABT rooting powder is dissolved in warm water at 85° C. to obtain the ABT rooting powder solution; The alfalfa seeds soaked in the ABT rooting powder solution are coated to obtain pelletized alfalfa seeds, wherein the pelletized alfalfa seeds include a nutrient layer wrapped outside the alfalfa seeds, a water-retaining layer wrapped outside the nutrient layer, and a film-forming layer wrapped outside the water-retaining layer; wherein, based on the mass of the alfalfa seeds, the nutrient layer includes 25% talc, 4% alfalfa root nodule bacteria, 0.4% biological humic acid, 2% urea, 0.7% diammonium phosphate, and 0.6% ammonium molybdate; The water-retaining layer includes 13% talcum powder and 9% biomass water-retaining agent; The film-forming layer includes 14% talc, 0.3% warning color dye, 9% thiram and 4% methyl thiophanate; The nutrient layer, the water-retaining layer and the film-forming layer all use 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution as a binder; Step 2: Deeply plough and prepare the land for sowing, apply basal fertilizer, and use an underground drip irrigation pipe laying machine to lay underground drip irrigation tapes. The drip irrigation tapes are buried at a depth of 15 to 20 cm, and the surface is covered with 8 to 10 cm of soil. Step 3: Take appropriate amount of the pelletized alfalfa seeds and wheat seeds for mixed sowing, perform the first drip irrigation after sowing, and perform the second drip irrigation after germination; Specifically, the sowing amount of the pelletized alfalfa seeds is 1-1.5 kg / mu; the sowing amount of the wheat seeds is 12-20 kg / mu; the irrigation amount of the first drip irrigation is 20-25 m³ / mu; the irrigation amount of the second drip irrigation is 30-35 m³ / mu; Step 4: Two mowings are carried out in the planting year, and drip irrigation is carried out before and after each mowing. Drip irrigation is carried out twice before each mowing, and the irrigation amount of the two drip irrigations is the same. The irrigation amount before each mowing is 35% of the total irrigation amount of this crop. Example

[0018] A method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat comprises the following steps: Step 1, taking alfalfa seeds, breaking the skin and coating them to obtain pelletized alfalfa seeds for later use; Specifically, the alfalfa seeds are one of Yingster alfalfa, wL343 alfalfa, and wL358 alfalfa; The skin breaking and coating process comprises the following steps: Putting alfalfa seeds and fine sand into a container, vibrating until scratches appear on the surface of the alfalfa seeds, and then sieving to separate the alfalfa seeds from the fine sand; wherein the particle size of the fine sand is smaller than the diameter of the alfalfa seeds; The separated alfalfa seeds are placed in an ABT rooting powder solution and soaked at room temperature for 24 hours, taken out and drained for later use; wherein the preparation method of the ABT rooting powder solution is: according to the soaking requirements, an appropriate amount of water-soluble ABT rooting powder is dissolved in warm water at 85° C. to obtain the ABT rooting powder solution; The alfalfa seeds soaked in the ABT rooting powder solution are coated to obtain pelletized alfalfa seeds, wherein the pelletized alfalfa seeds include a nutrient layer wrapped outside the alfalfa seeds, a water-retaining layer wrapped outside the nutrient layer, and a film-forming layer wrapped outside the water-retaining layer; wherein, based on the mass of the alfalfa seeds, the nutrient layer includes 30% talcum powder, 5% alfalfa root nodule bacteria, 0.5% biological humic acid, 3% urea, 1% diammonium phosphate, and 1% ammonium molybdate; The water-retaining layer comprises 15% talcum powder and 10% biomass water-retaining agent; The film-forming layer includes 15% talc, 0.5% warning color dye, 10% thiram and 5% methyl thiophanate; The nutrient layer, the water-retaining layer and the film-forming layer all use 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution as a binder; Step 2: Deeply plough and prepare the land for sowing, apply basal fertilizer, and use an underground drip irrigation pipe laying machine to lay underground drip irrigation tapes. The drip irrigation tapes are buried at a depth of 15 to 20 cm, and the surface is covered with 8 to 10 cm of soil. Step 3: Take appropriate amount of the pelletized alfalfa seeds and wheat seeds for mixed sowing, perform the first drip irrigation after sowing, and perform the second drip irrigation after germination; Specifically, the sowing amount of the pelletized alfalfa seeds is 1-1.5 kg / mu; the sowing amount of the wheat seeds is 12-20 kg / mu; the irrigation amount of the first drip irrigation is 20-25 m³ / mu; the irrigation amount of the second drip irrigation is 30-35 m³ / mu; Step 4: Two mowings are carried out in the planting year, and drip irrigation is carried out before and after each mowing. Drip irrigation is carried out twice before each mowing, and the irrigation amount of the two drip irrigations is the same. The irrigation amount before each mowing is 40% of the total irrigation amount of this crop.

[0019] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, taking alfalfa seeds, breaking the skin and coating them to obtain pelletized alfalfa seeds for later use; Step 2: Deeply plough and prepare the land for sowing, apply basal fertilizer, and use an underground drip irrigation pipe laying machine to lay underground drip irrigation tapes. The drip irrigation tapes are buried at a depth of 15 to 20 cm, and the surface is covered with 8 to 10 cm of soil. Step 3: Take appropriate amount of the pelletized alfalfa seeds and wheat seeds for mixed sowing, perform the first drip irrigation after sowing, and perform the second drip irrigation after germination; Step 4: Mowing is carried out twice in the planting year. Drip irrigation is carried out before and after each mowing. The irrigation amount before mowing is 30-40% of the total irrigation amount of this crop.

2. The method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alfalfa seeds are one of Yingster alfalfa, wL343 alfalfa, and wL358 alfalfa.

3. The method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the skin breaking and coating process comprises the following steps: Putting alfalfa seeds and fine sand into a container, vibrating until scratches appear on the surface of the alfalfa seeds, and then sieving to separate the alfalfa seeds from the fine sand; The separated alfalfa seeds are placed in the ABT rooting powder solution and soaked at room temperature for 24 hours, taken out and drained for later use; The alfalfa seeds soaked in the ABT rooting powder solution are coated to obtain pelletized alfalfa seeds, which include a nutrient layer wrapped outside the alfalfa seeds, a water-retaining layer wrapped outside the nutrient layer, and a film-forming layer wrapped outside the water-retaining layer.

4. The method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat according to claim 3, characterized in that: The particle size of the fine sand is smaller than the diameter of the alfalfa seeds.

5. The method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the ABT rooting powder solution is as follows: according to the soaking requirements, an appropriate amount of water-soluble ABT rooting powder is dissolved in warm water at 85° C. to obtain the ABT rooting powder solution.

6. The method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the mass of the alfalfa seeds, the nutrient layer comprises 20-30% talc, 3-5% alfalfa root nodule bacteria, 0.1-0.5% biological humic acid, 1-3% urea, 0.5-1% diammonium phosphate, and 0.5-1% ammonium molybdate; The water-retaining layer comprises 10-15% talcum powder and 8-10% biomass water-retaining agent; The film-forming layer comprises 10-15% talc, 0.1-0.5% warning color dye, 8-10% thiram and 3-5% methyl thiophanate; The nutrient layer, the water-retaining layer and the film-forming layer all use 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution as an adhesive.

7. The method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three, the sowing amount of the pelletized alfalfa seeds is 1-1.5 kg / mu; the sowing amount of the wheat seeds is 12-20 kg / mu; the irrigation amount of the first drip irrigation is 20-25 m³ / mu; and the irrigation amount of the second drip irrigation is 30-35 m³ / mu.

8. The method for mixed planting of alfalfa and wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, drip irrigation is performed twice before each mowing, and the water amount of the two drip irrigations is the same.