Turning tool capable of rapidly switching blades and switching and locking method thereof

Abstract

The turning tool comprises a turning tool handle, a rotating shaft, a rotating disc, a driving motor, an encoder and a locking sliding block, the rotating shaft is rotationally installed on the head portion of the turning tool handle, the driving motor is installed at one end of the head portion of the turning tool handle, the input end of the driving motor is connected with the encoder, and the output end of the driving motor is connected with the rotating disc. An output shaft of the driving motor is in linkage connection with the rotating shaft, the rotating disc is installed on the rotating shaft in a linkage mode, the head of the turning tool handle is provided with a receding space used for containing the rotating disc, a plurality of installation protruding parts are arranged on the rotating disc in the circumferential direction, and each installation protruding part is provided with a blade. The locking sliding block is movably arranged on the turning tool handle, and when the locking sliding block moves, the locking sliding block is provided with a first position for locking the rotating disc so that the rotating disc cannot rotate and a second position for loosening the rotating disc so that the rotating disc can rotate. In the machining process, different blades can be switched according to different machining materials, tool setting operation is not needed, and the machining efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of turning tool structures, in particular to a turning tool for quickly switching blades and a switching locking method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In machining, the cutting performance of the tool often depends on the material of the cutting part of the tool, the tool structure and the geometric material of the tool. What affects the tool life, processing efficiency, processing quality and processing cost is the material of the tool itself and the material of the workpiece processed by the tool. Therefore, in machining, choosing the right tool for different material workpieces can not only improve the processing efficiency and processing quality, but also extend the tool life and reduce the processing cost.

[0003] The materials of machining tools mainly include diamond tools, PCBN tools, ceramic tools, carbide tools, high-speed steel tools, etc. Diamond tools are mostly used for fine cutting and boring of non-ferrous metals and non-metallic materials at high speed. Suitable for machining various wear-resistant non-metals, such as glass fiber reinforced plastic powder metallurgy blanks, ceramic materials, etc.; various wear-resistant non-ferrous metals, such as various silicon aluminum alloys; various non-ferrous metal finishing. The disadvantage of diamond tools is that they have poor thermal stability. When the cutting temperature exceeds 700℃~800℃, they will completely lose their hardness; in addition, it is not suitable for cutting ferrous metals, because diamond (carbon) easily reacts with iron atoms at high temperatures, converting carbon atoms into graphite structures, and the tools are easily damaged. PCBN tools are suitable for finishing various hard-to-cut materials such as hardened steel, hard cast iron, high-temperature alloys, carbide, surface spray materials, etc. Cubic boron nitride tool materials have poor toughness and bending strength. Therefore, cubic boron nitride turning tools are not suitable for rough machining at low speed and with large impact loads; at the same time, they are not suitable for cutting materials with high plasticity (such as aluminum alloys, copper alloys, nickel-based alloys, steels with high plasticity, etc.), because serious built-up edge will be generated when cutting these metals, which will deteriorate the machined surface. Ceramic tools are suitable for cutting various cast irons (gray cast iron, ductile iron, malleable cast iron, chilled cast iron, high-alloy wear-resistant cast iron) and steels (carbon structural steel, alloy structural steel, high-strength steel, high-manganese steel, quenched steel, etc.), and can also be used to cut copper alloys, graphite, engineering plastics and composite materials. Ceramic tool materials have low bending strength and poor impact toughness, and are not suitable for cutting at low speed and impact loads. Carbide tools have the advantages of high hardness, wear resistance, long life and high cutting efficiency, but they also have disadvantages such as poor cutting performance, easy breakage and unsuitable for cutting soft metals. High-speed steel turning tools are generally used for cutting metal materials with a hardness of HB≤300.

[0004] Therefore, in the turning process, especially when turning welded parts or spliced ​​workpieces of different materials, it is necessary to frequently replace the turning tool and then re-set the tool, which seriously affects the processing efficiency and makes automated processing difficult to achieve. Based on this, it is necessary to develop and design a turning tool that can automatically switch between blades of different materials, and can switch freely during the turning process without tool setting. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a turning tool for quickly switching blades and a switching and locking method thereof. During the processing of the present invention, different blades can be switched for different processing materials without performing tool setting operations, thereby significantly improving the processing efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a turning tool for quickly switching blades, comprising a turning tool handle, a rotating shaft, a turntable, a driving motor, an encoder and a locking slider, wherein the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the head of the turning tool handle, the driving motor is installed at one end of the head of the turning tool handle, the input end of the driving motor is connected to the encoder, the output shaft of the driving motor is linked to the rotating shaft, the turntable is linked to the rotating shaft, and the head of the turning tool handle is provided with a clearance space for placing the turntable, a plurality of mounting protrusions are circumferentially arranged on the turntable, each mounting protrusion is mounted with a blade, the locking slider is movably arranged on the turning tool handle, and when the locking slider is active, it has a first position for locking the turntable so that it cannot rotate and a second position for releasing the turntable so that it can rotate.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, during the processing, different processing materials can be processed by driving the turntable through the drive motor to switch different blades, and there is no need to perform tool setting operations. It is very convenient to use and significantly improves the processing efficiency.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the locking slider is sleeved on the outer periphery of the turning tool handle, and a cylinder is installed on the turning tool handle. The protruding end of the cylinder is connected to the locking slider for driving the locking slider to slide between a first position and a second position, and when the locking slider is in the first position, the inner upper side and the inner lower side of the locking slider are respectively pressed against the upper end and the lower end of the turntable.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the locking slider is driven by the cylinder to switch between the first position and the second position, which has a simple structure and fast action.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the tool handle is provided with a slide rail extending in a direction approaching or away from the turntable, the locking slider is provided with a slide groove matching the slide rail, and the end of the tool handle corresponding to the slide rail away from the turntable is also provided with a positioning pin for limiting the movable position of the locking slider.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the stability of the locking slider movement process can be improved.

[0012] The present invention is further configured to include at least one group of locking components for locking the locking slider, the locking component including an electromagnet and a cylindrical iron core, the locking slider is provided with an upper hole, the turning tool handle is provided with a cylindrical groove, the electromagnet is installed on the upper hole, and the cylindrical iron core is arranged in the cylindrical groove, when the locking slider is in the first position, the upper hole is coaxial with the cylindrical groove, and when the electromagnet is energized, the cylindrical iron core is attracted upward by the electromagnet, so that the upper part of the cylindrical iron core is arranged in the upper hole, and the lower part of the cylindrical iron core is arranged in the cylindrical groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the cylindrical core is driven to move vertically by energizing or de-energizing the electromagnet, thereby achieving locking or unlocking of the locking slide.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: an axial hole is opened in the transverse direction on the head of the turning tool handle, the rotating shaft is arranged in the axial hole, a bearing is respectively sleeved on the positions near the two ends of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is provided with two positioning steps respectively used for positioning the bearings, and an end cover is respectively installed at the positions of the two ends of the axial hole on the head of the turning tool handle, and the end cover presses the corresponding bearing against the corresponding positioning step; the turntable is connected to the rotating shaft by a key connection, and the two sides of the turntable are respectively fitted with the two inner sides of the makeshift space.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning and installation of the rotating shaft and the rotating disk can be achieved, and the structure is simple and reliable, the friction force is small, and the service life is long.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that a knife groove is provided on the mounting protrusion of the turntable, the blade is mounted in the knife groove by a locking bolt, and a knife pad is sandwiched between the blade and the knife groove.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, not only is disassembly and assembly convenient, but also the knife groove on the turntable will not be scratched by the blade due to the provision of the knife pad.

[0018] The present invention is further configured to include a safety component, which includes a threaded tube, a knob, a locking rod and a nut. The locking slider is provided with a guide hole, and the tool handle is provided with a locking groove corresponding to the guide hole. The threaded tube is installed on the locking slider, and the threaded tube and the guide hole are coaxially arranged. The knob is threadedly connected to the outer periphery of the threaded tube, the locking rod is axially slidable in the threaded tube, and an inner magnet is installed on the locking rod, and an outer magnet for magnetically matching with the inner magnet is installed on the knob, and the nut is threadedly connected to the upper end of the threaded tube to form an axial travel limit for the knob and the locking rod. When the locking slider is in the first position, the guide hole is coaxial with the locking groove, and when the knob is rotated, the knob drives the locking rod to move axially, and the lower end of the locking rod is inserted into or leaves the locking groove.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the turning tool is working, after locking the locking slider using the locking component, the knob of the safety component can be manually operated to rotate, so that the locking rod is inserted downward into the locking groove of the turning tool handle, and the locking slider is locked for the second time. This can prevent the locking slider from being unlocked due to accidental power failure of the electromagnet when the turning tool is working; when the turning tool is idle, the locking slider is locked using the safety component, and then the turntable is locked to protect the turning tool.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that an inner circular groove is provided on the outer periphery of the locking rod, the inner magnet is annular in shape, the inner magnet is embedded in the inner circular groove, and a locking block is provided at the inner end of the inner circular groove and passes through the middle of the inner magnet, a limiting flange is provided at the outer end of the locking block for pressing the inner magnet into the inner circular groove, and a cross gap is also provided on the locking block along the axial direction.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation of the inner magnet can be realized, and the installation structure is very stable and reliable.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that an annular groove is provided on the outer periphery of the knob, an outer circular groove is provided on the inner circular surface of the annular groove, the outer magnet is embedded in the outer circular groove, and an elastic sleeve is also sleeved on the annular groove, and the elastic sleeve confines the outer magnet in the outer circular groove.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning installation of the external magnet can be achieved, and the disassembly and assembly is very convenient.

[0024] The present invention also provides a turning tool for quickly switching blades and a switching and locking method thereof, comprising the following steps: During turning, the locking slider is located at the first position, the electromagnet is energized, the cylindrical iron core and the electromagnet are attracted, the locking slider is locked on the turning tool handle, the turntable cannot rotate, and the turntable will not rotate to affect the position of the blade when the turning tool is used for processing; When it is necessary to switch the blade, the electromagnet is powered off, and the cylindrical iron core falls into the cylindrical groove due to gravity. The upper surface of the cylindrical iron core is flush with the upper surface of the turning tool handle, and the locking slider slides to the second position on the slide rail under the thrust of the cylinder. At this time, the driving motor drives the shaft to rotate a specific angle, driving the turntable to rotate a specific angle to switch to another type of blade, and then the cylinder pulls the locking slider back to the first position, the upper hole on the locking slider is aligned with the cylindrical groove on the turning tool handle, and the electromagnet is energized to suck up the cylindrical iron core, so that the locking slider cannot slide on the slide rail, and the turntable cannot rotate due to the limit of the locking slider.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the turning tool blades can be freely switched during the turning process without tool alignment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the turning tool when the locking slider is located at the second position according to Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the turning tool when the locking slider is located at the first position in Example 1; Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the entire embodiment 1; Figure 4 It is a top view of the entire embodiment 1; Figure 5 for Figure 4 AA section view of the structure when the electromagnet is energized; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure after the electromagnet is powered off; Figure 7 It is a side view of the whole embodiment 1; Figure 8 for Figure 7 BB cross-sectional view; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety component in Example 2; Fig.11 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the safety component in Example 2; Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the locking rod in Example 2.

[0027] In the figure: 1. tool handle; 2. rotating shaft; 3. rotating disk; 4. driving motor; 5. encoder; 6. locking slide block; 7. clearance space; 8. mounting convex part; 9. blade; 10. cylinder; 11. slide rail; 12. slide groove; 13. positioning pin; 14. locking assembly; 15. electromagnet; 16. cylindrical core; 17. upper hole; 18. cylindrical groove; 19. shaft hole; 20. bearing; 21. positioning step ; 22. End cover; 23. Knife groove; 24. Locking bolt; 25. Knife pad; 26. Safety component; 27. Threaded tube; 28. Knob; 29. ​​Locking rod; 30. Nut; 31. Guide hole; 32. Locking groove; 33. Inner magnet; 34. Outer magnet; 35. Inner circular groove; 36. Locking block; 37. Limiting flange; 38. Cross gap; 39. Annular groove; 40. Outer circular groove; 41. Elastic sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1: As attached Figures 1 to 8 The tool for quickly switching blades and its switching locking method shown in the figure include a tool handle 1, a rotating shaft 2, a rotating disk 3, a driving motor 4, an encoder 5 and a locking slider 6, wherein the rotating shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the head of the tool handle 1, the driving motor 4 is a servo motor, the driving motor 4 is mounted on one end of the head of the tool handle 1, the input end of the driving motor 4 is connected to the encoder 5, the output shaft of the driving motor 4 is linked to the rotating shaft 2, the rotating disk 3 is linked to the rotating shaft 2, and the head of the tool handle 1 is provided with a clearance space 7 for the rotating disk 3 to be placed, and the rotating disk 3 is provided with a plurality of mounting protrusions 8 along the circumferential direction. In the example, there are four mounting protrusions 8, which are distributed in a circular array and have four working positions. The angle between each two adjacent mounting protrusions 8 is 90 degrees. A blade 9 is installed on each mounting protrusion 8. The blades 9 on each working position are of different types, and diamond blades, PCBN blades, ceramic blades, carbide blades, etc. can be installed. The structure of the symmetrical array enables the blade 9 to keep the position of the tip unchanged during the switching process. The locking slider 6 is movably arranged on the turning tool handle 1, and when the locking slider 6 is active, it has a first position in which the turntable 3 is locked so that it cannot rotate, and a second position in which the turntable 3 is released so that the turntable 3 can rotate. During the processing process, the turntable 3 can be driven to rotate by the drive motor 4 to switch different blades 9 according to different processing materials, and there is no need to perform tool setting operations. It is very convenient to use and significantly improves the processing efficiency.

[0030] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the locking slider 6 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the turning tool handle 1, and a cylinder 10 is installed on the turning tool handle 1. The protruding end of the cylinder 10 is connected to the locking slider 6 for driving the locking slider 6 to slide between the first position and the second position, and when the locking slider 6 is in the first position, the inner upper side and the inner lower side of the locking slider 6 are respectively pressed against the upper end and the lower end of the rotating disk 3. The locking slider 6 is driven by the cylinder 10 to switch between the first position and the second position, which has a simple structure and fast action.

[0031] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the tool handle 1 is provided with a slide rail 11 extending in a direction close to or away from the turntable 3, the locking slider 6 is provided with a slide groove 12 matched with the slide rail 11, and the end of the tool handle 1 corresponding to the slide rail 11 away from the turntable 3 is also provided with a positioning pin 13 for limiting the movable position of the locking slider 6. This design can improve the stability of the locking slider 6 during the movement process.

[0032] As attached Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 As shown, at least one locking assembly 14 for locking the locking slider 6 is also included, the locking assembly 14 includes an electromagnet 15 and a cylindrical iron core 16, the locking slider 6 is provided with an upper hole 17, the turning tool handle 1 is provided with a cylindrical groove 18, the electromagnet 15 is installed on the upper hole 17, the cylindrical iron core 16 is arranged in the cylindrical groove 18, when the locking slider 6 is in the first position, the upper hole 17 is coaxial with the cylindrical groove 18, and when the electromagnet 15 is energized, the cylindrical iron core 16 is attracted upward by the electromagnet 15, so that the upper part of the cylindrical iron core 16 is arranged in the upper hole 17, and the lower part of the cylindrical iron core 16 is arranged in the cylindrical groove 18. By energizing or de-energizing the electromagnet 15, the cylindrical iron core 16 is driven to move vertically, thereby realizing the locking or unlocking of the locking slider 6.

[0033] As attached Figure 8As shown, the head of the turning tool handle 1 is provided with an axial hole 19 in the horizontal direction, the rotating shaft 2 is arranged in the axial hole 19, a bearing 20 is sleeved at the positions near the two ends of the rotating shaft 2, and two positioning steps 21 are provided on the rotating shaft 2 for positioning the bearing 20 respectively, and an end cover 22 is installed at the positions at the two ends of the axial hole 19 corresponding to the head of the turning tool handle 1 respectively, and the end cover 22 can be connected to the positions at the two ends of the axial hole 19 corresponding to the head of the tool handle by screws, or can be installed by threaded connection, one of the end covers 22 has a through hole in the middle part, for the motor shaft of the driving motor 4 to pass through, and the end cover 22 presses the corresponding bearing 20 against the corresponding positioning step 21; the rotating disk 3 is connected to the rotating shaft 2 by a key connection, and the two sides of the rotating disk 3 are respectively fitted with the two inner sides of the clearance space 7. This design can realize the positioning and installation of the rotating shaft 2 and the rotating disk 3, and has a simple and reliable structure, low friction and long service life.

[0034] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a knife groove 23 is provided on the mounting protrusion 8 of the rotating disk 3, the blade 9 is installed in the knife groove 23 by a locking bolt 24, and a knife pad 25 is sandwiched between the blade 9 and the knife groove 23. This design is not only convenient for disassembly and assembly, but also because the knife pad 25 is provided, the knife groove 23 on the rotating disk 3 will not be scratched by the blade 9.

[0035] Embodiment 2, as attached Figures 9 to 12As shown, different from the embodiment 1, this embodiment also includes a safety component 26, the safety component 26 includes a threaded tube 27, a knob 28, a locking rod 29 and a nut 30, the locking slider 6 is provided with a guide hole 31, the turning tool handle 1 is provided with a locking groove 32 corresponding to the guide hole 31, the threaded tube 27 is installed on the locking slider 6, and the threaded tube 27 is coaxially arranged with the guide hole 31, the knob 28 is threadedly connected to the outer periphery of the threaded tube 27, and the locking rod 29 is axially slidable on the threaded tube 27. The threaded tube 27 is inside, and the locking rod 29 is equipped with an inner magnet 33, and the knob 28 is equipped with an outer magnet 34 for magnetically matching with the inner magnet 33. The nut 30 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the threaded tube 27 to limit the axial travel of the knob 28 and the locking rod 29. When the locking slider 6 is in the first position, the guide hole 31 is coaxial with the locking groove 32, and when the knob 28 is rotated, the knob 28 drives the locking rod 29 to move axially, and the lower end of the locking rod 29 is inserted into or leaves the locking groove 32. When the turning tool is working, after locking the locking slider 6 using the locking component 14, the knob 28 of the safety component 26 can be manually operated to rotate, so that the locking rod 29 is downwardly inserted into the locking groove 32 of the turning tool handle 1, and the locking slider 6 is locked for the second time. This can prevent the locking slider 6 from being unlocked due to accidental power failure of the electromagnet 15 when the turning tool is working; when the turning tool is idle, the safety component 26 is used to lock the locking slider 6, and then the turntable 3 is locked to protect the turning tool.

[0036] As attached Fig.11 and attached Fig.12 As shown, the outer periphery of the locking rod 29 is provided with an inner circular groove 35, the inner magnet 33 is annular, the inner magnet 33 is embedded in the inner circular groove 35, and the inner end of the inner circular groove 35 is provided with a locking block 36 that passes through the middle of the inner magnet 33, the outer end of the locking block 36 is provided with a limiting flange 37 for pressing the inner magnet 33 into the inner circular groove 35, and a cross gap 38 is also provided on the locking block 36 along the axial direction. This design can realize the installation of the inner magnet 33, and the installation structure is very stable and reliable.

[0037] As attached Fig.11 As shown, the knob 28 is provided with an annular groove 39 on its outer circumference, an outer circular groove 40 is provided on the inner circumference of the annular groove 39, the outer magnet 34 is embedded in the outer circular groove 40, and an elastic sleeve 41 is also sleeved on the annular groove 39, the elastic sleeve 41 restricts the outer magnet 34 in the outer circular groove 40. This design can realize the positioning and installation of the outer magnet 34, and is very convenient for disassembly and assembly.

[0038] The switching and locking method of the turning tool for quickly switching blades comprises the following steps: During turning, the locking slider is located at the first position, the electromagnet is energized, the cylindrical iron core and the electromagnet are attracted, the locking slider is locked on the turning tool handle, the turntable cannot rotate, and the turntable will not rotate to affect the position of the blade when the turning tool is used for processing; When it is necessary to switch the blade, the electromagnet is powered off, and the cylindrical iron core falls into the cylindrical groove due to gravity. The upper surface of the cylindrical iron core is flush with the upper surface of the turning tool handle, and the locking slider slides to the second position on the slide rail under the thrust of the cylinder. At this time, the driving motor drives the shaft to rotate a specific angle, driving the turntable to rotate a specific angle to switch to another type of blade, and then the cylinder pulls the locking slider back to the first position, the upper hole on the locking slider is aligned with the cylindrical groove on the turning tool handle, and the electromagnet is energized to suck up the cylindrical iron core, so that the locking slider cannot slide on the slide rail, and the turntable cannot rotate due to the limit of the locking slider.

Claims

1. A turning tool with quick blade switching, Features: The invention comprises a turning tool handle (1), a rotating shaft (2), a rotating disk (3), a driving motor (4), an encoder (5) and a locking slider (6); the rotating shaft (2) is rotatably mounted on the head of the turning tool handle (1); the driving motor (4) is mounted on one end of the head of the turning tool handle (1); the input end of the driving motor (4) is connected to the encoder (5); the output shaft of the driving motor (4) is linked to the rotating shaft (2); the rotating disk (3) is linked to the rotating shaft (2); the head of the turning tool handle (1) is provided with a clearance space (7) for placing the rotating disk (3); a plurality of mounting protrusions (8) are arranged on the rotating disk (3) along the circumferential direction; each mounting protrusion (8) is mounted with a blade (9); the locking slider (6) is movably arranged on the turning tool handle (1); and when the locking slider (6) is movable, it has a first position in which the rotating disk (3) is locked so that it cannot rotate, and a second position in which the rotating disk (3) is released so that the rotating disk (3) can rotate.

2. A turning tool for quickly switching blades according to claim 1, Features: The locking slider (6) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the turning tool handle (1), and a cylinder (10) is installed on the turning tool handle (1). The protruding end of the cylinder (10) is connected to the locking slider (6) for driving the locking slider (6) to slide between a first position and a second position. When the locking slider (6) is in the first position, the inner upper side and the inner lower side of the locking slider (6) are respectively pressed against the upper end and the lower end of the rotating disk (3).

3. A turning tool for quickly switching blades according to claim 2, Features: The tool handle (1) is provided with a slide rail (11) extending in a direction approaching or away from the rotating disk (3), the locking slider (6) is provided with a slide groove (12) matching the slide rail (11), and the end of the tool handle (1) corresponding to the slide rail (11) away from the rotating disk (3) is also provided with a positioning pin (13) for limiting the movable position of the locking slider (6).

4. A turning tool for quickly switching blades according to claim 2, Features: The invention also comprises at least one locking assembly (14) for locking the locking slider (6), the locking assembly (14) comprising an electromagnet (15) and a cylindrical iron core (16), the locking slider (6) being provided with an upper hole (17), the tool handle (1) being provided with a cylindrical groove (18), the electromagnet (15) being mounted on the upper hole (17), the cylindrical iron core (16) being arranged in the cylindrical groove (18), and when the locking slider (6) is located in the first position, the upper hole (17) and the cylindrical groove (18) are coaxial, and when the electromagnet (15) is energized, the cylindrical iron core (16) is attracted upward by the electromagnet (15), so that the upper part of the cylindrical iron core (16) is arranged in the upper hole (17), and the lower part of the cylindrical iron core (16) is arranged in the cylindrical groove (18).

5. A turning tool for quickly switching blades according to claim 1, Features: The head of the turning tool handle (1) is provided with an axial hole (19) in the transverse direction, the rotating shaft (2) is arranged in the axial hole (19), a bearing (20) is respectively sleeved near the two ends of the rotating shaft (2), and the rotating shaft (2) is provided with two positioning steps (21) respectively used for positioning the bearing (20), and the head of the turning tool handle (1) is respectively provided with an end cover (22) at the positions of the two ends of the axial hole (19), and the end cover (22) presses the corresponding bearing (20) against the corresponding positioning step (21); the turntable (3) is connected to the rotating shaft (2) by a key connection, and the two sides of the turntable (3) are respectively in contact with the two inner sides of the clearance space (7).

6. A turning tool for quickly switching blades according to claim 1, Features: A knife groove (23) is provided on the mounting protrusion (8) of the rotating disk (3), the blade (9) is installed in the knife groove (23) through a locking bolt (24), and a knife pad (25) is sandwiched between the blade (9) and the knife groove (23).

7. A turning tool for quickly switching blades according to claim 1 or 4, Features: The invention also comprises a safety component (26), wherein the safety component (26) comprises a threaded tube (27), a knob (28), a locking rod (29) and a nut (30); a guide hole (31) is provided on the locking slider (6); a locking groove (32) corresponding to the guide hole (31) is provided on the tool handle (1); the threaded tube (27) is mounted on the locking slider (6), and the threaded tube (27) and the guide hole (31) are coaxially arranged; the knob (28) is threadedly connected to the outer periphery of the threaded tube (27); the locking rod (29) is axially slidably arranged in the threaded tube (27); The locking rod (29) is provided with an inner magnet (33), the knob (28) is provided with an outer magnet (34) for forming a magnetic attraction fit with the inner magnet (33), the nut (30) is threadedly connected to the upper end of the threaded tube (27) for forming an axial travel limit for the knob (28) and the locking rod (29), when the locking slider (6) is located at the first position, the guide hole (31) is coaxial with the locking groove (32), and when the knob (28) is rotated, the knob (28) drives the locking rod (29) to move axially, and the lower end of the locking rod (29) is inserted into or leaves the locking groove (32).

8. A turning tool for quickly switching blades according to claim 7, Features: An inner circular groove (35) is provided on the outer periphery of the locking rod (29); the inner magnet (33) is annular in shape; the inner magnet (33) is embedded in the inner circular groove (35); and a locking block (36) penetrating the middle of the inner magnet (33) is provided at the inner end of the inner circular groove (35); a limiting flange (37) for pressing the inner magnet (33) into the inner circular groove (35) is provided at the outer end of the locking block (36); and a cross gap (38) is also provided on the locking block (36) along the axial direction.

9. A turning tool for quickly switching blades according to claim 8, Features: The knob (28) is provided with an annular groove (39) on its outer periphery, an outer circular groove (40) is provided on the inner circular surface of the annular groove (39), the outer magnet (34) is embedded in the outer circular groove (40), and an elastic sleeve (41) is also sleeved on the annular groove (39), the elastic sleeve (41) restricts the outer magnet (34) in the outer circular groove (40).

10. A method for switching and locking a turning tool for quickly switching blades according to any one of claims 1 to 9, Features: The following steps are involved: During turning, the locking slider is located at the first position, the electromagnet is energized, the cylindrical iron core and the electromagnet are attracted, the locking slider is locked on the turning tool handle, the turntable cannot rotate, and the turntable will not rotate to affect the position of the blade when the turning tool is used for processing; When it is necessary to switch the blade, the electromagnet is powered off, and the cylindrical iron core falls into the cylindrical groove due to gravity. The upper surface of the cylindrical iron core is flush with the upper surface of the turning tool handle, and the locking slider slides to the second position on the slide rail under the thrust of the cylinder. At this time, the driving motor drives the shaft to rotate a specific angle, driving the turntable to rotate a specific angle to switch to another type of blade, and then the cylinder pulls the locking slider back to the first position, the upper hole on the locking slider is aligned with the cylindrical groove on the turning tool handle, and the electromagnet is energized to suck up the cylindrical iron core, so that the locking slider cannot slide on the slide rail, and the turntable cannot rotate due to the limit of the locking slider.

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