Ship draught sensing device based on friction nanometer generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship draught sensing device based on a friction nanometer generator. The ship draught sensing device comprises a floater assembly, a conversion assembly and the friction nanometer generator. The floater assembly comprises a cylindrical floater shell and a floater which ascends and descends along with the water level in the floater shell. The conversion assembly is arranged on the floater shell and used for converting the lifting motion of the floater into motion perpendicular to the lifting motion direction of the floater. The friction nano generator generates power by using the movement generated by the conversion assembly and perpendicular to the lifting movement direction of the floater; the multiple sets of conversion assemblies are arranged at intervals in the lifting movement direction of the floater. The number of the friction nanometer generators corresponds to that of the conversion assemblies. The ship draught sensing device converts ship draught changes into electric signals for measurement, the influence of seawater corrosion on output signals is avoided, the overall structure is simple and reliable, and the requirements of the ship draught sensing device for safety, reliability, high precision, real-time feedback and adaptability to severe environments are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water level sensors, and in particular to a ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator. Background Art

[0002] Ship draft is one of the important parameters of a ship, which directly affects the safety, stability and economy of the ship. The measurement of ship draft is one of the important tasks of a ship, which can be used in ship loading, drainage, repair, inspection and other occasions. At present, there are mainly the following methods to measure ship draft:

[0003] The first is the manual observation method: using the draft scales at both ends of the ship, the draft of the front and rear of the ship is manually observed, and then the average draft of the ship is calculated based on the draft table or draft curve of the ship. This method is simple to operate, but has low accuracy and is greatly affected by human and environmental factors. It cannot monitor the draft changes of the ship in real time, and the safety of personnel at work cannot be fully guaranteed, and dangers are prone to occur during the observation process.

[0004] The second is the pressure sensor method: use the pressure sensor to measure the water pressure difference at both ends of the ship, and then calculate the average draft of the ship based on the water pressure difference and the length of the ship. This method has high accuracy, but high cost, requires the installation of multiple pressure sensors, and the pressure sensor is easily corroded and contaminated by seawater, affecting its accuracy, reliability and service life.

[0005] The third is the ultrasonic sensor method: ultrasonic sensors are used to measure the water surface distance at both ends of the ship, and then the average draft of the ship is calculated based on the water surface distance and the height of the ship. This method has high accuracy, but high cost and requires the installation of multiple ultrasonic sensors. Due to the harsh sea environment, ultrasonic sensors are easily disturbed by wind, waves and water mist, affecting the accuracy of their measurements.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a ship draft sensing device that is safe, reliable, highly accurate, provides real-time feedback, and can adapt to harsh environments. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides a ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator to meet the requirements of the ship draft sensing device for safety, reliability, high precision, real-time feedback and adaptability to harsh environments.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0009] A ship draft sensor device based on a friction nanogenerator comprises: a float assembly, a conversion assembly and a friction nanogenerator; the float assembly comprises a cylindrical float shell and a float in the float shell that rises and falls with the water level; the conversion assembly is arranged on the float shell, and is used to convert the rising and falling motion of the float into a motion perpendicular to the rising and falling motion direction of the float; the friction nanogenerator generates electricity by using the motion perpendicular to the rising and falling motion direction of the float generated by the conversion assembly; the conversion assembly is divided into multiple groups, and the multiple groups of conversion assemblies are arranged at intervals along the rising and falling motion direction of the float; the number of friction nanogenerators corresponds to the number of conversion assemblies.

[0010] Furthermore, the conversion assembly includes a slider and an elastomer; a mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the float housing, and the slider can slide axially along the mounting hole; one end of the elastomer is fixedly connected to the slider, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the float housing; when the float rises, the slider is pushed to slide, and when it falls, the elastomer resets the slider.

[0011] Furthermore, the friction nanogenerator includes: a contact layer, an electrode and a display component; the contact layer is fixedly arranged at the end of the slider, and the contact layer faces the outside of the float shell; a protective shell is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the float shell, and the protective shell covers the slider, and the electrode is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protective shell, and the electrode is opposite to and spaced from the contact layer; after the float pushes the slider to slide, the contact layer contacts the electrode; the display component is connected to the electrode and is used to display the existence of current.

[0012] Furthermore, the display component includes a resistor and an indicator light; the electrode, the resistor and the indicator light are connected in series and then grounded.

[0013] Furthermore, the electrode is a metal electrode, and the contact layer is made of a dielectric material.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic body is a latex tube, one end of the latex tube is sleeved on the slider, and the other end is fixed to the edge of the mounting hole, and the latex tube is sealed and fixed with a sealant.

[0015] Furthermore, a positioning step is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the sliding block, the diameter of the positioning step is larger than the diameter of the mounting hole, and the positioning step is located outside the float housing.

[0016] Furthermore, the plurality of mounting holes are arranged in a straight line and at equal intervals along the lifting direction of the float.

[0017] Furthermore, the length of the float is more than twice the maximum spacing among the plurality of mounting holes.

[0018] Furthermore, the end of the float is hemispherical.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] First, the present application sets a conversion component to convert the lifting motion of the float into a motion perpendicular to the lifting motion direction of the float, and the friction nanogenerator generates electricity by using the motion perpendicular to the lifting motion direction of the float, thereby realizing the conversion of the draft change of the ship into an electrical signal for measurement.

[0021] Second, the present application isolates the friction nanogenerator from seawater by setting the length of the float to more than twice the measuring range and using a latex tube to make an elastomer to seal the mounting hole; thereby avoiding the influence of seawater corrosion on the output signal and being able to adapt to harsh environments.

[0022] Third, the structure of the present application is simple and reliable, and has the advantages of high precision, real-time feedback, quick installation and removal, low cost and long life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator disclosed in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between an elastic body and a slider of a ship draft sensor device based on a friction nanogenerator disclosed in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a power generation process of a friction nanogenerator of a ship draft sensor device based on a friction nanogenerator disclosed in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an unloaded state of a ship draft sensor device based on a friction nanogenerator disclosed in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the loading state of a ship draft sensor device based on a friction nanogenerator disclosed in the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the loading state of a ship draft sensor device based on a friction nanogenerator disclosed in the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the loading state of a ship draft sensor device based on a friction nanogenerator disclosed in the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the unloading state of a ship draft sensor device based on a friction nanogenerator disclosed in the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the unloading state of a ship draft sensor device based on a friction nanogenerator disclosed in the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0033] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the unloading state of a ship draft sensor device based on a friction nanogenerator disclosed in the present invention Figure 3 .

[0034] 1. Float housing; 2. Float; 3. Slider; 4. Elastomer; 5. Contact layer; 6. Electrode; 7. Display component; 8. Protective shell; 9. Resistor; 10. Indicator light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] A ship draft sensing device based on friction nanogenerator, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a float component, a conversion component and a friction nano generator; the float component includes a cylindrical float shell 1 and a float 2 that rises and falls with the water level in the float shell 1; the conversion component is arranged on the float shell 1, and is used to convert the rising and falling movement of the float 2 into a movement perpendicular to the rising and falling movement direction of the float 2; the friction nano generator generates electricity by using the movement perpendicular to the rising and falling movement direction of the float 2 generated by the conversion component; the conversion components are multiple groups, and the multiple groups of conversion components are arranged at intervals along the rising and falling movement direction of the float 2; the number of friction nano generators corresponds to the number of conversion components.

[0037] The conversion component converts the lifting motion of the float 2 into a motion perpendicular to the lifting motion direction of the float 2, and the friction nanogenerator generates electricity by using the motion perpendicular to the lifting motion direction of the float 2, thereby realizing the conversion of the ship's draft change into an electrical signal for measurement. The conversion component and the float housing 1 isolate the friction nanogenerator from the seawater to prevent the influence of seawater corrosion on the output signal. Therefore, the ship's draft sensing device can meet the requirements of safety, reliability, high precision, real-time detection, and adaptability to harsh environments.

[0038] Preferably, the float housing 1 is a vertical cylinder, the float 2 is a cylinder, and the diameter of the float 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the float housing 1, so that the float 2 can float up and down freely and smoothly in the float housing 1 with the water level.

[0039] Specifically, the conversion assembly includes a slider 3 and an elastic body 4; a mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the float housing 1, and the slider 3 can slide along the axial direction of the mounting hole, that is, slide horizontally; one end of the elastic body 4 is fixedly connected to the slider 3, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the float housing 1; the float 2 pushes the slider 3 to slide after rising, and the elastic body 4 resets the slider 3 after falling. As the draft of the ship deepens, the float 2 rises, and the float 2 presses against the end of the slider 3 extending into the inner wall of the float housing 1. The float 2 continues to rise and pushes the slider 3, and the elastic body 4 stretches; after the float 2 falls, the float 2 separates from the slider 3, the elastic body 4 rebounds, and the slider 3 is reset by the elastic body 4. The up and down movement of the float 2 in the float housing 1 is converted into the horizontal movement of the slider 3 through the cooperation between the slider 3 and the float 2.

[0040] Specifically, the friction nanogenerator includes: a contact layer 5, an electrode 6 and a display component 7; the contact layer 5 is fixed at the end of the slider 3, and the contact layer 5 faces the outside of the float shell 1; the outer wall of the float shell 1 is fixed with a protective shell 8, the protective shell 8 covers the slider 3, and the electrode 6 is fixed on the inner wall of the protective shell 8, and the electrode 6 is opposite to and spaced from the contact layer 5; after the float 2 pushes the slider 3 to slide, the contact layer 5 contacts the electrode 6; the display component 7 connects the electrode 6 and is used to display the existence of current. The contact layer 5 is continuously released and separated from the electrode 6 as the slider 3 slides, and the coupling effect of frictional electricity and electrostatic induction generates an electric potential between the contact layer 5 and the electrode 6; and then a loop is formed through the display component 7 to generate current and display the existence of current. The position of the float 2 is judged according to whether the corresponding friction nanogenerator generates electricity, thereby converting the draft of the ship.

[0041] Specifically, the display assembly 7 includes a resistor 9 and an indicator light 10; the electrode 6, the resistor 9 and the indicator light 10 are connected in series and then grounded. The current of the triboelectric nanogenerator turns on the indicator light 10, and the lighted indicator light 10 is used to determine whether the triboelectric nanogenerator is generating electricity.

[0042] Preferably, the float housing 1 and the protective shell 8 cooperate to encapsulate the contact layer 5 and the electrode 6 of the device, lead out the display component 7, and directly fix the float housing 1 at the corresponding position outside the ship to monitor the changes in the ship's draft in real time, convert the displacement information of the dynamic draft of the ship into an electrical signal for display through the display component 7, and transmit the electrical signal to the computer after passing through the signal processing device.

[0043] Specifically, the electrode 6 is a metal electrode, and the contact layer 5 is made of a dielectric material. Preferably, the dielectric material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Since the triboelectric series of metals and dielectric materials are different, and the dielectric material has a strong electron-acquiring ability, after the contact layer 5 and the electrode 6 are constantly in contact and separated, the contact layer 5 is negatively charged and the electrode 6 is positively charged, so that it is easy to generate an electromotive force to achieve power generation. Figure 1 , Figure and 2 Figure 3 As shown, the power generation process of the friction nanogenerator is:

[0044] Process 1: After the metal electrode contacts the contact layer 5, the contact layer 5 gains electrons and the metal electrode loses electrons, and the metal electrode becomes positively charged.

[0045] Process 2: When the draft of the ship decreases, the float 2 descends, and the slider 3 is no longer subjected to the thrust of the float 2. The slider 3 is reset under the action of the elastic body 4, causing the metal electrode and the contact layer 5 to separate from each other. Due to the potential difference between the metal electrode and the contact layer 5, the electrons return to the metal electrode through the resistor 9 to generate current.

[0046] Process 3: As the distance between the metal electrode and the contact layer 5 gradually increases, free electrons continue to flow into the metal electrode until the potential difference disappears.

[0047] Process 4: When the draft of the ship increases, the float 2 rises, and the slider 3 slides due to the thrust of the float 2; the contact layer 5 and the metal electrode continue to approach each other, forming a new potential difference, and free electrons flow out from the metal electrode through the resistor 9 to generate current.

[0048] Specifically, the elastic body 4 is a latex tube, one end of which is sleeved on the slider 3 and the other end is fixed to the edge of the mounting hole, and the latex tube is sealed and fixed with a sealant. The latex tube is elastic and provides elastic force for elastic deformation and resetting of the slider 3; at the same time, the latex tube can play a sealing role, and together with the slider 3, the mounting hole is blocked, so that the friction nanogenerator is isolated from seawater, solving the problem that the signal is easily affected by humidity and the seawater is easily corroded.

[0049] Specifically, a positioning step is fixed on the outer circumference of the slider 3, the diameter of the positioning step is larger than the diameter of the mounting hole, and the positioning step is located outside the float housing 1. The positioning step limits the displacement of the slider 3 to prevent the slider 3 from extending too far into the float housing 1 and affecting the movement of the float 2.

[0050] Specifically, the plurality of mounting holes are arranged in a straight line and at equal intervals along the lifting direction of the float 2. Arranging in a straight line is conducive to reducing the volume of the structure, and arranging at equal intervals is convenient for conversion. The maximum spacing among the plurality of mounting holes determines the maximum depth of the ship's draft detection, that is, the range of the ship's draft sensing device. The maximum spacing among the plurality of mounting holes and the spacing between adjacent mounting holes can be adjusted according to the requirements of the range and the requirements of the detection accuracy.

[0051] Specifically, the length of the float 2 is more than twice the maximum spacing among the plurality of mounting holes. The length of the float 2 can ensure that seawater is not easily splashed into the mounting holes and onto the slider 3, thereby preventing corrosion by seawater.

[0052] Specifically, the end of the float 2 is hemispherical and made of light material. The end of the slider 3 extending into the float housing 1 is rounded, which is conducive to the float 2 pushing the slider 3.

[0053] Working principle of this application device:

[0054] Combination Figures 4 to 10 As shown, the ship draft sensing device includes: a friction nanogenerator A, a friction nanogenerator B and a friction nanogenerator C. The installation positions of the friction nanogenerator A, the friction nanogenerator B and the friction nanogenerator C are successively increased and correspond to the ship draft depth a, the draft depth b and the draft depth c (c>b>a) respectively.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, when the ship is unloaded, the float 2 of the ship draft sensor device is in the initial position, and the indicator lights 10 of the friction nanogenerator A, the friction nanogenerator B and the friction nanogenerator C are all off.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, when the ship is loaded with x tons of cargo, the draft of the ship increases, and the float 2 floats up to push the slider 3 of the corresponding friction nanogenerator A, so that the contact layer 5 and the electrode 6 of the friction nanogenerator A contact to generate a current signal, and the indicator light 10 of the friction nanogenerator A flashes once, indicating that the ship is at a draft depth of a.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, when the ship is loaded with y tons of cargo (y>x), the draft of the ship increases, and the float 2 floats up to push the slider 3 of the corresponding friction nanogenerator B, so that the contact layer 5 and the electrode 6 of the friction nanogenerator B contact to generate a current signal, and the indicator light 10 of the friction nanogenerator A flashes once, indicating that the ship is at a draft depth of b.

[0058] like Figure 7 As shown, when the ship is loaded with z tons of cargo (z>y), the draft of the ship increases, and the float 2 floats up and pushes the slider 3 of the corresponding friction nanogenerator C, so that the contact layer 5 and the electrode 6 of the friction nanogenerator C contact to generate a current signal, and the indicator light 10 of the friction nanogenerator C flashes once, indicating that the ship is at a draft depth of c.

[0059] like Figure 8As shown, when the ship unloads x tons of cargo, the ship's draft decreases, the float 2 drops, and the elastomer 4 resets the slider 3 corresponding to the friction nanogenerator C, so that the contact layer 5 and the electrode 6 of the friction nanogenerator C are separated to generate a current signal, and the indicator light 10 of the friction nanogenerator C flashes once, indicating that the ship is at a draft depth of c.

[0060] like Fig. 9 As shown, when the ship unloads y tons of cargo, the draft of the ship decreases, the float 2 drops, and the elastomer 4 resets the slider 3 corresponding to the friction nanogenerator B, so that the contact layer 5 and the electrode 6 of the friction nanogenerator B are separated to generate a current signal, and the indicator light 10 of the friction nanogenerator B flashes once, indicating that the ship is at a draft depth of b.

[0061] like Fig.10 As shown, when the ship unloads z tons of cargo, the ship's draft decreases, the float 2 drops, and the elastomer 4 resets the slider 3 corresponding to the friction nanogenerator A, so that the contact layer 5 and the electrode 6 of the friction nanogenerator A are separated to generate a current signal, and the indicator light 10 of the friction nanogenerator A flashes once, indicating that the ship is at a draft depth of a.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator, characterized in that: include: Float assembly, conversion assembly and friction nanogenerator; The float assembly comprises a cylindrical float housing (1) and a float (2) in the float housing (1) that rises and falls with the water level; The conversion assembly is arranged on the float housing (1) and is used to convert the lifting movement of the float (2) into a movement perpendicular to the lifting direction of the float (2); The friction nanogenerator generates electricity by utilizing the movement generated by the conversion component that is perpendicular to the lifting direction of the float (2); The conversion components are multiple groups, and the multiple groups of conversion components are arranged at intervals along the lifting and lowering direction of the float (2); the number of the friction nanogenerators corresponds to the number of the conversion components.

2. A ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion assembly comprises a slider (3) and an elastic body (4); a mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the float housing (1), and the slider (3) can slide axially along the mounting hole; one end of the elastic body (4) is fixedly connected to the slider (3), and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the float housing (1); when the float (2) rises, it pushes the slider (3) to slide, and when it falls, the elastic body (4) resets the slider (3).

3. A ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The friction nanogenerator comprises: a contact layer (5), an electrode (6) and a display component (7); the contact layer (5) is fixedly arranged at the end of the slider (3), and the contact layer (5) faces the outside of the float shell (1); a protective shell (8) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the float shell (1), and the protective shell (8) covers the slider (3); the electrode (6) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protective shell (8), and the electrode (6) and the contact layer (5) are opposite and spaced from each other; after the float (2) pushes the slider (3) to slide, the contact layer (5) and the electrode (6) come into contact; the display component (7) is connected to the electrode (6) and is used to display the existence of current.

4. A ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The display component (7) comprises a resistor (9) and an indicator light (10); the electrode (6), the resistor (9) and the indicator light (10) are connected in series and then grounded.

5. A ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrode (6) is a metal electrode, and the contact layer (5) is made of a dielectric material.

6. A ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic body (4) is a latex tube, one end of which is sleeved on the slider (3) and the other end is fixed to the edge of the mounting hole. The latex tube is sealed and fixed with a sealant.

7. A ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: A positioning step is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the sliding block (3); the diameter of the positioning step is greater than the diameter of the mounting hole; and the positioning step is located outside the float housing (1).

8. The ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of mounting holes are arranged in a straight line and at equal intervals along the lifting direction of the float (2).

9. A ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the float (2) is more than twice the maximum spacing among the plurality of mounting holes.

10. A ship draft sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the float (2) is hemispherical.

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