Method for improving light environment of damaged water body based on configuration of submerged plants with different growth types

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving a light environment of a damaged water body based on different growth type submerged plant configuration, and belongs to the technical field of biological treatment of water bodies, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, screening different growth types of submerged plants from an eutrophic water body; s2, breeding and amplifying submerged plants of different growth types by utilizing a seed bank technology; s3, planting the propagated and amplified submerged plants into the eutrophic water body according to different quantities; s4, management and maintenance after the submerged plants are planted; s5, the improving capacity of the submerged plants in different numbers on the underwater weak light environment of the eutrophicated water is measured, the light environment of the eutrophicated water is remarkably and effectively improved by planting the submerged plants in different numbers and different growth types, the underwater light environment is fundamentally improved, the survival rate of the submerged plants is increased, and the survival rate of the eutrophicated water is increased. And the method is simple and easy to implement, and is convenient to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biological treatment of water bodies, and in particular to a method for improving the light environment of damaged water bodies based on the configuration of submerged plants with different growth types. Background Art

[0002] Due to natural aging and rapid human social development, many water bodies such as lakes have become eutrophic, resulting in increased turbidity and decreased transparency. These phenomena have aggravated the degradation and extinction of submerged plants in lakes and other water bodies.

[0003] The restoration of aquatic vegetation, especially submerged vegetation, is the key to the restoration of eutrophic water ecosystems such as lakes. However, due to the high turbidity and low transparency of the water body, the mortality rate of restored submerged plants is often high. Therefore, improving the transparency of the restored water body is a key and difficult task for the successful restoration of the water body. There are chemical, physical and biological methods to improve the transparency of water bodies; chemical methods often add metal flocculants to precipitate suspended particles into the water body to improve transparency, which is not only easy to cause secondary pollution, but also very environmentally unfriendly; physical methods not only take a relatively long time, but also have a short-term maintenance effect.

[0004] Using the characteristics of submerged plants to improve water transparency is the most economical, environmentally friendly and worthy of promotion. However, the tolerance of submerged plants to underwater weak light environments is not only related to their own biological characteristics, but also closely related to their configuration. Configuration includes a combination of space, species and their number. Spatial configuration is the horizontal and vertical distribution of submerged plants of different growth types; species configuration is the combination of different species, including species of different growth types, species of different root structures, species of different functional groups, etc.; quantity configuration is the number of different species in the combined community. At present, research on ecological restoration rarely involves the spatial, species and quantity configuration between submerged plants of different growth types. Therefore, using the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types to improve the underwater weak light environment of eutrophic water bodies is both economical and environmentally friendly, and ecologically beautiful. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for improving the light environment of damaged water bodies based on the configuration of submerged plants with different growth types. The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] A method for improving the light environment of a damaged water body based on the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, screening submerged plants of different growth types from eutrophic water bodies;

[0008] S2, using seed bank technology to propagate and expand submerged plants of different growth types;

[0009] S3, planting the propagated and amplified submerged plants in different quantities in eutrophic water bodies;

[0010] S4, management and maintenance of submerged plants after planting;

[0011] S5, determine the ability of submerged plants with different numbers to improve the underwater low-light environment of eutrophic water bodies.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, three types of submerged plants are screened, namely, rosette-type Vallisneria, canopy-type Myriophyllum spicatum and upright Hydrilla.

[0013] Preferably, in step 2, the top 10 to 15 cm of Myriophyllum paniculate and Hydrilla verticillatum are taken, and Vallisneria serrata with roots is trimmed to a height of 10 to 15 cm, and inserted into the bottom mud for reproduction and proliferation, and the water depth is 60 to 100 cm.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom mud is a mixture of lake mud and sand in a ratio of 2:1.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the amounts of Vallisneria, Myriophyllum spicatum and Hydrilla verticillata are configured in seven ratios: 1:1:1, 1:1:2, 1:2:1, 1:2:2, 2:1:1, 2:1:2 and 2:2:1.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, after the submerged plants are planted, the survival and growth are regularly observed; the plant bodies that float up after planting are collected and replanted, and new seedlings are added to the non-surviving areas.

[0017] Preferably, in step S5, a transparency disk is used to measure the transparency value of the underwater environment under different numbers of weights to determine the optimal number configuration.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. Through the integration and optimization of ecological restoration combination technologies such as screening, reproduction and amplification, quantity allocation, management and maintenance of submerged plants that can significantly improve transparency in eutrophic water bodies, a comprehensive remediation project is constructed with submerged plants as the basis, ecological restoration as the core, and taking into account both improving transparency and increasing the survival rate of submerged plants.

[0020] 2. This method effectively solves the problem of the causal relationship between the transparency of eutrophic water bodies and submerged plants through species configuration, quantity configuration and spatial configuration.

[0021] 3. This method significantly improves the transparency of eutrophic water bodies through the reasonable configuration of Vallisneria, Myriophyllum paniculate and Hydrilla verticillata, and significantly improves the survival rate of submerged plants, significantly improves the basic water environment, and restores the benign cycle of the water ecosystem. This method is a bioremediation method. Compared with traditional physical and chemical methods, it is simple to operate, economical and ecological, and has significant effects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] A method for improving the light environment of a damaged water body based on the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types, the method comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1, screening submerged plants of different growth types from eutrophic water bodies;

[0025] S2, using seed bank technology to propagate and expand submerged plants of different growth types;

[0026] S3, planting the propagated and amplified submerged plants in different quantities in eutrophic water bodies;

[0027] S4, management and maintenance of submerged plants after planting;

[0028] S5, determine the ability of submerged plants with different numbers to improve the underwater low-light environment of eutrophic water bodies.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S1, three submerged plants are screened out, namely, the rosette-type Vallisneria, the canopy-type Myriophyllum spicatum and the upright-type Hydrilla.

[0030] Furthermore, in step 2, the top 10 to 15 cm of Myriophyllum paniculate and Hydrilla verticillatum are taken, and Vallisneria serrata with roots is trimmed to 10 to 15 cm high, and inserted into the bottom mud for reproduction and proliferation, with a water depth of 60 to 100 cm.

[0031] Furthermore, the bottom sediment is a mixture of lake mud and sand in a ratio of 2:1.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S3, the amounts of Vallisneria, Myriophyllum spicate and Hydrilla verticillata are configured as 1:1:1, 1:1:2, 1:2:1, 1:2:2, 2:1:1, 2:1:2 and 2:2:1.

[0033] Furthermore, in step S4, after the submerged plants are planted, the survival and growth are regularly observed; the plant bodies that float up after planting are collected and replanted, and new seedlings are added to the non-surviving areas.

[0034] Furthermore, in step S5, a transparency disk is used to measure the transparency value of the underwater environment under different numbers of weights to determine the optimal number configuration.

[0035] The present invention has the following specific embodiments.

[0036] In the present application, the implementation area of ​​the embodiment is East Lake in Wuhan City. As an urban lake, East Lake accepts a large amount of industrial wastewater and urban domestic sewage, which leads to eutrophication of the water body and poor underwater light environment. The water body as a whole is in Class IV, some areas are Class V or inferior Class V, the total phosphorus exceeds the standard, and it is a eutrophic water body.

[0037] This application sets up enclosures in East Lake with an area of ​​2×2m2. The bottom mud of the enclosure is a mixture of East Lake mud and sand in a ratio of 2:1. The water in the enclosure is East Lake water with a depth of 200cm. Before planting submerged plants, the transparency of the enclosure water is only 50cm. Different submerged plants are planted in different enclosures according to different quantities, and the transparency values ​​are measured to determine the optimal quantity configuration, and then the planting is promoted throughout the East Lake.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A method for improving the light environment of a damaged water body based on the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types, the method comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1, screen out submerged plants of different growth types from eutrophic water bodies.

[0041] Three types of submerged plants were screened out, namely rosette-type Vallisneria, canopy-type Myriophyllum paniculate and upright Hydrilla. The growth spaces of these three different species of submerged plants are independent of each other, which can improve the spatial distribution rate of submerged plants in the water body, on the one hand improving the water purification effect, and on the other hand increasing the probability of survival.

[0042] S2, use seed bank technology to propagate and expand submerged plants of different growth types.

[0043] Mix lake mud and sand in a ratio of 2:1 to make bottom mud, take the top 10, 12, 14 or 15 cm of spike-flowered foxtail algae and black algae, trim the Vallisneria with roots to 10, 11, 13 or 15 cm high, and insert them into the bottom mud for reproduction and proliferation, with a water depth of 60, 70, 80, 90 or 100 cm.

[0044] S3, planting the propagated and amplified submerged plants in different quantities in eutrophic water bodies.

[0045] The amount of Vallisneria, Psoralea corylifolia and Hydrilla verticillata is configured in a ratio of 1:1:1.

[0046] S4, management and maintenance of submerged plants after planting.

[0047] After the submerged plants are planted, their survival and growth are observed regularly; the plants that float up after planting are collected and replanted, and new seedlings are added to the non-surviving areas.

[0048] S5, determine the ability of submerged plants with different numbers to improve the underwater low-light environment of eutrophic water bodies.

[0049] Use a transparency disk to measure the transparency of the water environment under different numbers of weights. The transparency value reflects the ability of the configuration of submerged plants with different growth types to improve the underwater weak light environment of eutrophic water bodies, and the optimal number configuration is determined.

[0050] After applying the method of this embodiment for planting, the results are as follows:

[0051]

[0052] From the results of Example 1, it can be seen that when the ratio of Vallisneria vallisneria: Myriophyllum spicate: Hydrilla verticillata is 1:1:1, the transparency of eutrophic water bodies is significantly improved.

[0053] Embodiment 2-7

[0054] The implementation steps of Examples 2-7 are substantially the same as those of Example 1, except that the number of submerged plants is configured differently. The implementation results are as follows:

[0055]

[0056] From the results of Examples 2-5, it can be concluded that when the ratio of Vallisneria tachyphylla: Myriophyllum spicate: Hydrilla verticillata = 2:1:1, the transparency improvement effect on eutrophic water bodies is the best. When the number of Myriophyllum spicate and Hydrilla verticillata is large, the growth of the rosette-type Vallisneria tachyphylla is limited by light, resulting in a decrease in the ability to improve the light environment. Overall, when the ratio of Vallisneria tachyphylla is relatively large, the ability to improve the underwater light environment is better.

[0057] The above examples show that the 2:1:1 quantitative configuration of three submerged plant species with different growth types, namely, Vallisneria, Myriophyllum paniculate, and Hydrilla, can significantly improve the transparency of eutrophic water bodies, achieving both economic and environmental protection as well as ecological and aesthetic effects.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for improving the light environment of a damaged water body based on the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, screening submerged plants of different growth types from eutrophic water bodies; S2, using seed bank technology to propagate and expand submerged plants of different growth types; S3, planting the propagated and amplified submerged plants in different quantities in eutrophic water bodies; S4, management and maintenance of submerged plants after planting; S5, determine the ability of submerged plants with different numbers to improve the underwater low-light environment of eutrophic water bodies.

2. The method for improving the light environment of damaged water bodies based on the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, three types of submerged plants are screened, namely, the rosette-type Vallisneria, the canopy-type Myriophyllum spicatum and the upright-type Hydrilla.

3. The method for improving the light environment of damaged water bodies based on the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the top 10-15 cm of Myriophyllum paniculate and Hydrilla verticillata are taken, and Vallisneria serrata with roots is trimmed to a height of 10-15 cm, and inserted into the bottom mud for reproduction and proliferation at a water depth of 60-100 cm.

4. The method for improving the light environment of damaged water bodies based on the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom mud is a mixture of lake mud and sand in a ratio of 2:

1.

5. The method for improving the light environment of damaged water bodies based on the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the amounts of Vallisneria, Myriophyllum spicate and Hydrilla verticillata are configured as 1:1:1, 1:1:2, 1:2:1, 1:2:2, 2:1:1, 2:1:2 and 2:2:

1.

6. The method for improving the light environment of damaged water bodies based on the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, after the submerged plants are planted, the survival and growth are regularly observed; the plant bodies that float up after planting are collected and replanted, and new seedlings are added to the non-surviving areas.

7. The method for improving the light environment of damaged water bodies based on the configuration of submerged plants of different growth types according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, a transparency disk is used to measure the transparency of the underwater environment with different numbers of weights to determine the optimal number configuration.

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