Ultrathin flame-retardant building internal thermal insulation composite board and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrathin flame-retardant building internal thermal insulation composite board and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of novel building material preparation, the thermal insulation composite board is of a three-layer sandwich structure, the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are inorganic ceramic fiber blankets, the middle layer is of a three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid and flame-retardant foaming material structure, and the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are made of inorganic ceramic fiber. The peripheral side faces of the heat preservation composite board are wrapped by inorganic ceramic fiber blankets. The prepared composite insulation board has the advantages of being small in thickness, low in volume density, high in flame retardant grade and good in insulation performance, and is suitable for building external wall internal insulation and internal wall insulation scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of new building materials, and specifically provides an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior thermal insulation composite board and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change and the increasingly serious energy crisis, the importance of building energy-saving technology has become increasingly prominent. Internal insulation materials can not only effectively reduce building energy consumption, but also improve indoor comfort and promote sustainable development. In recent years, the research and development of building internal insulation materials has made significant progress. New materials such as polyurethane foam and vacuum insulation panels have been introduced one after another. These materials are widely used in residential and commercial buildings due to their superior thermal performance and lightweight characteristics. However, there are still some shortcomings in building internal insulation materials, such as the high cost of new insulation materials, the large proportion of indoor space, and the fire resistance performance has not yet reached the standard. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite board and a preparation method thereof to meet the requirements of modern buildings for economy, safety and energy saving.

[0004] On one hand, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel, the structure of the insulation composite panel is a three-layer sandwich structure, wherein the upper and lower layers are inorganic ceramic fiber blankets, the middle layer is a three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid and flame-retardant foam material structure, and the four sides of the insulation composite panel are covered with inorganic ceramic fiber blankets.

[0005] Furthermore, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is a fluffy fiber blanket with a certain thickness formed by laying ceramic fiber filaments, and then formed into a dense ceramic fiber blanket through a needle punching process, which serves as the upper and lower layers and surrounding covering materials of the composite board.

[0006] Furthermore, the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh is a basalt fiber mesh, a glass fiber mesh or a basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, and has a thickness of 15 mm, 25 mm, or 35 mm.

[0007] Furthermore, the main components of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket include alumina and silica, which account for more than 96% of the total components. It can withstand a high temperature of 1400°C, has a fire protection grade of A1, a thermal conductivity of 0.025 W / m•K to 0.032 W / m•K, a volume density of 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³, and a thickness of 10 mm, 20 mm or 30 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the flame retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire rating of B1 and a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m•K, and a filling amount of 100%, 80% or 50% of the volume of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid space.

[0009] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel, wherein the method comprises the following steps: Covering the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket on the bottom layer and four sides of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid, leaving a layer; Fill the foaming agent through the reserved layer; After the foaming agent is filled, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is covered on the reserved layer, and the ceramic fiber blanket and the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid are firmly bonded together by utilizing the bonding properties of the foaming agent; After the foaming agent is fully expanded, formed and cured, excess foam is removed to ensure that the foam is not exposed to the outside, thereby obtaining a composite insulation board.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation process of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is as follows: First, natural stones such as coal gangue and slag are melt-spun into continuous ceramic fiber filaments through the electrospinning process; The ceramic fiber filaments are then laid out into a fluffy fiber blanket with a certain thickness; Finally, a dense ceramic fiber blanket is obtained through a needle punching process and is used as the upper and lower layers of the composite board and the surrounding covering material.

[0011] Furthermore, the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid is prepared by three-dimensional weaving technology and has a three-dimensional spatial structure, and serves as the middle layer of the composite board; It includes basalt fiber mesh, glass fiber mesh or basalt glass fiber blended mesh, with three specifications of thickness: 15 mm, 25 mm and 35 mm.

[0012] Three-dimensional weaving technology, also known as stereoscopic weaving, uses methods such as retracting and releasing needles, holding horizontal rows, wedge weaving or multi-layer weaving on a weft knitting machine to weave shaped or sheet fabrics with three-dimensional structures, such as curved tubes, spheres, boxes, car seat cushions or spacer fabrics, which can be used as the skeleton of industrial composite materials.

[0013] Furthermore, the main components of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket are alumina and silicon oxide, which account for more than 96% and a ratio of 1:0.8 to 1.2. It can withstand a high temperature of 1400°C and has a fire protection grade of A1; the thermal conductivity is 0.025W / m•K to 0.032 W / m•K; the volume density is 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³; and the thickness is available in three specifications: 10 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the flame retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire protection grade of B1 and a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m•K. The filling amount is 100%, 80% or 50% of the volume of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid space, wherein the larger the filling amount of the polyurethane foaming agent, the lower the thermal conductivity.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior thermal insulation composite board and the preparation method thereof of the present invention have the following outstanding beneficial effects: The prepared composite insulation board has the advantages of small thickness, low volume density, high flame retardant grade and good thermal insulation performance, and is suitable for building exterior wall insulation and interior wall insulation scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the thermal insulation composite panel of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel has a three-layer sandwich structure, wherein the upper and lower layers are inorganic ceramic fiber blankets 1, and the middle layer is a three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid 2 and a flame-retardant foam material 3 structure. The four sides of the insulation composite panel are covered with the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket 1.

[0019] The characteristic parameters of the thermal insulation composite material are: Thermal conductivity is 0.023 W / m·K~0.030 W / m·K; Bulk density is 45 kg / m³~75 kg / m³; It has excellent thermal insulation performance and can achieve Class A fire protection grade. Example 1

[0020] A method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel, the implementation process of the method comprises the following steps: Covering the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket on the bottom layer and four sides of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid, leaving a layer; Fill the foaming agent through the reserved layer; After the foaming agent is filled, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is covered on the reserved layer, and the ceramic fiber blanket and the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid are firmly bonded together by utilizing the bonding properties of the foaming agent; After the foaming agent is fully expanded, formed and cured, excess foam is removed to ensure that the foam is not exposed to the outside, thereby obtaining a composite insulation board.

[0021] The preparation process of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is as follows: First, natural stones such as coal gangue and slag are melt-spun into continuous ceramic fiber filaments through the electrospinning process; The ceramic fiber filaments are then laid out into a fluffy fiber blanket with a certain thickness; Finally, a dense ceramic fiber blanket is obtained through a needle punching process and is used as the upper and lower layers of the composite board and the surrounding covering material.

[0022] The three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid is prepared by three-dimensional weaving technology and has a three-dimensional spatial structure, and serves as the middle layer of the composite board; Includes basalt fiber mesh, glass fiber mesh or basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, thickness 15 mm.

[0023] The main components of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket are aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, which account for 96% and a ratio of 1:0.8. It can withstand a high temperature of 1400°C and has a fire protection grade of A1; the thermal conductivity is 0.025 W / m·K to 0.032 W / m·K; the volume density is 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³; and the thickness is 10 mm.

[0024] The flame retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire protection grade of B1 and a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m·K, and a filling amount of 100% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid space. Example 2

[0025] A method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel, the implementation process of the method comprises the following steps: Covering the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket on the bottom layer and four sides of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid, leaving a layer; Fill the foaming agent through the reserved layer; After the foaming agent is filled, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is covered on the reserved layer, and the ceramic fiber blanket and the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid are firmly bonded together by utilizing the bonding properties of the foaming agent; After the foaming agent is fully expanded, formed and cured, excess foam is removed to ensure that the foam is not exposed to the outside, thereby obtaining a composite insulation board.

[0026] The preparation process of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is as follows: First, natural stones such as coal gangue and slag are melt-spun into continuous ceramic fiber filaments through the electrospinning process; The ceramic fiber filaments are then laid out into a fluffy fiber blanket with a certain thickness; Finally, a dense ceramic fiber blanket is obtained through a needle punching process and is used as the upper and lower layers of the composite board and the surrounding covering material.

[0027] The three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid is prepared by three-dimensional weaving technology and has a three-dimensional spatial structure, and serves as the middle layer of the composite board; Includes basalt fiber mesh, glass fiber mesh or basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, thickness 25 mm.

[0028] The main components of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket are aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, which account for 97% and a ratio of 1:1. It can withstand a high temperature of 1400°C and has a fire protection grade of A1; the thermal conductivity is 0.025 W / m·K to 0.032 W / m·K; the volume density is 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³; and the thickness is 20 mm.

[0029] The flame retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire protection grade of B1 and a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m·K, and a filling amount of 80% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid space. Example 3

[0030] A method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel, the implementation process of the method comprises the following steps: Covering the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket on the bottom layer and four sides of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid, leaving a layer; Fill the foaming agent through the reserved layer; After the foaming agent is filled, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is covered on the reserved layer, and the ceramic fiber blanket and the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid are firmly bonded together by utilizing the bonding properties of the foaming agent; After the foaming agent is fully expanded, formed and cured, excess foam is removed to ensure that the foam is not exposed to the outside, thereby obtaining a composite insulation board.

[0031] The preparation process of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is as follows: First, natural stones such as coal gangue and slag are melt-spun into continuous ceramic fiber filaments through the electrospinning process; The ceramic fiber filaments are then laid out into a fluffy fiber blanket with a certain thickness; Finally, a dense ceramic fiber blanket is obtained through a needle punching process and is used as the upper and lower layers of the composite board and the surrounding covering material.

[0032] The three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid is prepared by three-dimensional weaving technology and has a three-dimensional spatial structure, and serves as the middle layer of the composite board; Includes basalt fiber mesh, glass fiber mesh or basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, 35 mm thick.

[0033] The main components of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket are aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, which account for 98% and a ratio of 1:1.2. It can withstand a high temperature of 1400°C and has a fire protection grade of A1; the thermal conductivity is 0.025 W / m·K to 0.032 W / m·K; the volume density is 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³; and the thickness is 30 mm.

[0034] The flame retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire protection grade of B1 and a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m·K, and a filling amount of 50% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid space.

[0035] The embodiments described above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention. Common changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel, characterized in that: The structure of the thermal insulation composite board is a three-layer sandwich structure, wherein the upper and lower layers are inorganic ceramic fiber blankets, the middle layer is a three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid and flame retardant foam material structure, and the four sides of the thermal insulation composite board are covered with inorganic ceramic fiber blankets.

2. The ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is formed by laying ceramic fiber filaments into a fluffy fiber blanket, and then forming a dense ceramic fiber blanket through a needle punching process, which serves as the upper and lower layers and surrounding covering materials of the composite board.

3. The ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh is a basalt fiber mesh, a glass fiber mesh or a basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, and has a thickness of 15 mm, 25 mm, or 35 mm.

4. The ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic ceramic fiber blanket mainly comprises aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, which account for more than 96% of the total content. It can withstand a high temperature of 1400°C, has a fire protection grade of A1, a thermal conductivity of 0.025 W / m·K to 0.032 W / m·K, a volume density of 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³, and a thickness of 10 mm, 20 mm or 30 mm.

5. The ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant foam material structure is prepared by filling with a polyurethane foaming agent, has a fire protection grade of B1, a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m·K, and a filling amount of 100%, 80% or 50% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid space.

6. A method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel according to any of the above claims, characterized in that: The implementation process of the method includes the following steps: Covering the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket on the bottom layer and four sides of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid, leaving a layer; Filling the flame retardant foaming agent through the reserved layer; After the flame retardant foaming agent is filled, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is covered on the reserved layer, and the ceramic fiber blanket and the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid are firmly bonded together by utilizing the bonding properties of the foaming agent; After the foaming agent is completely expanded, formed and cured, a flame retardant foaming material structure is formed to obtain a composite thermal insulation board.

7. The method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation process of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is as follows: Firstly, coal gangue and slag are melt-spun into continuous ceramic fiber filaments through the electromelt spinning process; The ceramic fiber filaments are then laid out into a fluffy fiber blanket; Finally, a dense ceramic fiber blanket is obtained through a needle punching process.

8. The method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid is prepared by three-dimensional weaving technology and has a three-dimensional spatial structure, and serves as the middle layer of the composite board; The material of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid includes basalt fiber grid, glass fiber grid or basalt glass fiber blended grid, and the thickness is 15 mm, 25 mm or 35 mm.

9. The method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main components of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket are aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, which account for more than 96% and a ratio of 1:0.8 to 1.

2. It can withstand a high temperature of 1400°C and has a fire protection grade of A1; the thermal conductivity is 0.025 W / m·K to 0.032 W / m·K; the volume density is 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³; and the thickness is 10 mm, 20 mm or 30 mm.

10. The method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building thermal insulation composite panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flame retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire protection grade of B1 and a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m·K. The filling amount is 100%, 80% or 50% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid space.

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