Thermal insulation layer, disassembly-free thermal insulation formwork and preparation method of disassembly-free thermal insulation formwork

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal insulation layer, a disassembly-free thermal insulation formwork and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of thermal insulation materials. The thermal insulation layer comprises 6-20 Kg / m < 3 > of polystyrene particles and a fireproof cementing material, and the fireproof cementing material comprises, by weight, 16-41 parts of water glass, 4-19 parts of cement, 1-14 parts of slag powder, 1-10 parts of clay powder, 1-8 parts of emulsion and 1-8 parts of an excitation regulator. The disassembly-free heat preservation formwork comprises a first reinforcing layer, a heat preservation layer and a second reinforcing layer which are sequentially arranged, and each of the first reinforcing layer and the second reinforcing layer comprises gridding cloth and polymer mortar. The polystyrene particles, the water glass, the cement, the slag powder, the clay powder and the emulsion are used as raw materials, and the prepared thermal insulation formwork has efficient thermal insulation performance, low density and excellent flame retardant property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of thermal insulation materials, and in particular to a thermal insulation layer, a disassembly-free thermal insulation template and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Building exterior wall insulation boards are helpful to eliminate or weaken the influence of thermal bridges around the junction of internal and external walls, external wall ring beams, structural columns, frame beams, and the junction of the top parapet and roof panels; the heat lost by the walls in the building is about 20% of the total heat dissipation of the building, and the heat absorbed by the exterior walls in summer is about 30% of the total heat absorption of the building. Therefore, the insulation design of the exterior wall is very important, and it is increasingly valued and widely used. The insulation-free formwork for buildings is a composite insulation board that plays the role of a formwork in the pouring of building walls. It has significant advantages such as light weight, high strength, thermal insulation, fire prevention, and impermeability. It is both a construction formwork and an insulation layer. It realizes the one-time forming of wall insulation and concrete pouring, energy saving and structural integration.

[0003] At present, the external wall insulation formwork materials are divided into four grades: (non-combustible), B1 (flammable), B2 (combustible), and B3 (flammable); there are two types of inorganic insulation materials and organic insulation materials. The former is non-combustible, but the insulation effect is poor, and only has a market share of about 20%, while the latter has a good insulation effect, but is easy to burn, occupying 80% of the market. However, organic insulation materials are easy to cause buildings to catch fire, and due to incomplete combustion and pyrolysis, they will produce more smoke and toxic gases, leading to suffocation and death. In order to improve the flame retardancy of organic insulation materials, flame retardants can be added to organic insulation materials, but flame retardants are expensive. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a thermal insulation layer which uses polystyrene particles as a skeleton material and is matched with a fireproof binder and has excellent thermal insulation performance and flame retardancy.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a disassembly-free thermal insulation template, which has reinforcement layers on both sides of the thermal insulation layer to improve the mechanical properties of the thermal insulation template.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a disassembly-free insulation formwork, which has a simple process and can be prefabricated in a factory, so that it is convenient to use directly on a construction site, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0007] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solutions.

[0008] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal insulation layer, including polystyrene particles 6-20Kg / m 3and a fireproof binder, wherein the fireproof binder comprises, by weight, 16 to 41 parts of water glass, 4 to 19 parts of cement, 1 to 14 parts of slag powder, 1 to 10 parts of clay powder, 1 to 8 parts of emulsion, and 1 to 8 parts of excitation regulator. In the actual production process, the amount of polystyrene particles per unit volume is first determined, and then the amount of fireproof binder added is determined according to the bulk density of the thermal insulation layer.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the following raw materials are included: polystyrene particles 18Kg / m 3 and a fireproof binder, which comprises, by weight, 34.6 parts of water glass, 15.7 parts of cement, 10.5 parts of slag powder, 8.8 parts of clay powder, 7.7 parts of emulsion, and 6.3 parts of excitation regulator.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the polystyrene particles is 2 to 5 mm, and the density is 8 to 20 kg / m 3 .

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the slag powder is 200-500 mesh, and the particle size of the clay powder is 200-500 mesh. Among them, the slag powder is a by-product produced during the smelting process, especially the waste slag produced during the smelting of pig iron in a blast furnace, which is obtained after water quenching, granulation, drying, grinding and other process treatments. It is mainly composed of minerals such as calcium aluminosilicate, most of which is glassy and has potential hydraulic gelling properties. Clay powder is a hydrous aluminum silicate product.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the emulsion is an acrylic copolymer.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the excitation regulator is a mixture of one or more of sodium hydroxide and phosphate.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a disassembly-free thermal insulation formwork, comprising a first reinforcement layer, the above-mentioned thermal insulation layer and a second reinforcement layer arranged in sequence, wherein the first reinforcement layer and the second reinforcement layer both comprise mesh cloth and polymer mortar.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the polymer mortar includes water and polymer mortar raw materials, the mass ratio of the water to the polymer mortar raw materials is 0.34-0.45:1; the polymer mortar raw materials include, by mass percentage, 39% cement, 49% sand, 9% talcum powder, 0.40% modified polypropylene fiber, and 2.6% high molecular polymer. The sand can be river sand, gravel, or a mixture of the two.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, it is characterized in that the following steps are included:

[0017] S1, mixing water glass, cement, slag powder, clay powder, emulsion, and excitation regulator and stirring evenly; then adding polystyrene particles and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed material;

[0018] S2, adding the mixed material obtained in step S1 into a mold, extruding, demoulding, curing, and cutting to obtain the thermal insulation layer;

[0019] S3, coating an interface agent on one side of the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S2, then coating it with polymer mortar, laying a mesh cloth, and naturally curing until the polymer mortar hardens to obtain the first reinforcement layer;

[0020] S4, coating the interface agent on the other side of the thermal insulation layer, coating the polymer mortar, laying the mesh cloth and naturally curing until the polymer mortar hardens, thus obtaining the non-disassembly thermal insulation formwork.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the thickness of the polymer mortar is 3-5 mm, and in step S4, the thickness of the polymer mortar is 5-8 mm.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of mesh cloth layers in the first reinforcement layer is less than the number of mesh cloth layers in the second reinforcement layer.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0024] The thermal insulation layer provided by the present invention uses polystyrene particles as the skeleton material, which is matched with a fireproof binder, and the fireproof binder is distributed between the skeleton materials, which can improve the fireproof performance of the thermal insulation layer. The thermal insulation layer has excellent thermal insulation performance and fireproof performance.

[0025] The non-disassembly insulation template provided by the present invention takes the insulation layer as a base material, and reinforcement layers are arranged on both sides of the insulation layer to improve the mechanical properties of the template.

[0026] The preparation method provided by the present invention firstly mixes fireproof binder: water glass, cement, slag powder, clay powder, etc., and then adds polystyrene particles, and the fireproof binder wraps the flame-retardant polystyrene particles to improve the flame retardant performance of the thermal insulation template. Secondly, the water glass and cement can be formed into a porous mesh structure inside to provide thermal insulation effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0028] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0029] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0030] Examples 1-6

[0031] Prepare the raw materials required for the insulation layer according to the ratio in Table 1.

[0032] Table 1 Ratio of raw materials for thermal insulation layer

[0033]

[0034] Prepare the non-disassembly insulation template of implementation 1-6 according to the following steps:

[0035] S1, according to the proportions in Table 1, the fireproof binder: water glass, cement, slag powder, clay powder, emulsion, and excitation regulator are mixed and stirred evenly; then polystyrene particles are added and stirred evenly, so that the fireproof binder completely wraps the polystyrene particles to obtain a mixed material;

[0036] S2, adding the mixed material obtained in step S1 into a mold, extruding and molding, demolding and curing the material to be molded after it reaches a certain strength, cutting it into plates with a length of 1200 to 3000 mm, a width of 300 to 1200 mm, and a thickness according to design requirements, and curing it to achieve the specified performance indicators to obtain the thermal insulation layer;

[0037] S3, coating an interface agent on one side of the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S2, then coating a 3-5 mm thick polymer mortar layer, and laying a layer of mesh cloth, and making the surface smooth, tight, and free of exposed mesh, and then naturally curing until the polymer mortar hardens to obtain the first reinforcement layer;

[0038] S4, then apply an interface agent on the other side of the insulation layer, then apply 5-8 mm thick polymer mortar, and lay two layers of mesh cloth, and make the surface smooth, tight, and without exposed mesh, and naturally cure until the polymer mortar hardens, so as to obtain the non-disassembly insulation formwork.

[0039] In Examples 1-6, the polymer mortar consists of the following raw materials:

[0040] Cement 39%, sand 49%, talc 9%, modified polypropylene fiber 0.40%, high molecular polymer 2.6%, water accounts for 0.35-0.45 times the mass of high molecular polymer based cement mortar.

[0041] In Examples 1-6, the cement used is PO42.5R silicate cement. In other examples, it can also be PO32.5R or PC42.5, PC32.5 silicate cement; slag powder; fineness is 200-500 mesh, clay powder: fineness is 200-500 mesh, the excitation regulator is sodium hydroxide, phosphate, etc., and the emulsion is a flexible acrylic copolymer. The fireproof grade is B1 polystyrene particles, the particle size is 2-5mm, and the density is 8-20kg / m 3 In Examples 1-6, the emulsion used is the product model 2608 emulsion of Badfu Group Co., Ltd., the interface agent is the 310 interface agent of Badfu Group Co., Ltd., and the water glass is produced by Sichuan Minxuan Technology Development Co., Ltd., and the product modulus is 1.5-3.5.

[0042] Comparative Example

[0043] According to the ratio in Table 2, various raw materials were prepared to prepare the non-disassembly insulation templates of Comparative Examples 1-5.

[0044] Table 2 Comparative Examples 1-5 Raw Material Ratios

[0045]

[0046] According to the preparation method of Example 4, the non-disassembly insulation templates of Comparative Examples 1-5 were prepared.

[0047] Experimental example

[0048] The density, compressive strength, tensile strength, thermal conductivity, water absorption, sound insulation performance, and flexural uniform load of the non-disassembly insulation formwork of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were tested as follows, and the results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0049] Table 3 Performance of the non-disassembly insulation template of Examples 1-6

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] Table 4 Performance of the non-disassembly insulation template of comparative examples 1-5

[0053] Performance Indicators 1 2 3 4 5 Test methods <![CDATA[Density Kg / m 3 > 84.7 84.9 84.9 84.7 84.7 GB / T5486 Compressive strengthMpa 0.36 0.37 0.35 0.37 0.36 GB / T5486 Pull-out strengthMpa 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.15 0.16 JGJ144 Thermal conductivity w / mk 0.045 0.045 0.044 0.043 0.043 GB / 10294 Volume water absorption 6.6 6.6 6.8 6.8 6.8 GB / T5486 Sound insulation performance dB 58 58 56 55 55 GB / T19889.4 <![CDATA[Flexural uniform load N / m 2 > 5260 4247 4210 4095 4120 GB / T30100

[0054] It can be concluded from Tables 3 and 4 that the non-disassembly insulation board of Example 4 has the best performance, which has exceeded the JC / T60016-2022 industry standard and local standards (Chongqing Engineering Construction Standard DBJ / T-412-2023).

[0055] It can be concluded from Table 4 that Comparative Example 2 only uses water glass, cement, slag powder, emulsion, and activation regulator, and does not use clay powder. The compressive strength of Comparative Example 2 is higher than that of Comparative Example 1, but the brittleness of Comparative Example 2 is large, the tensile strength is low, and the final setting time is only 9 minutes, which is 29 minutes faster than the final setting time of Comparative Example 1. The main performance indicators can meet the current national standard requirements, but the setting time is too fast to meet the requirements of large-scale production.

[0056] It can be concluded from Table 4 that Comparative Example 3 only uses water glass, cement, clay powder, emulsion, and excitation regulator, and does not use slag powder. The compressive strength and tensile strength of Comparative Example 4 are lower than those of Comparative Example 1, and the final setting time is only 8 minutes, which is 30 minutes faster than the final setting time of Comparative Example 1. The main performance indicators can meet the current national standard requirements, but the final setting time is too fast to meet the requirements of large-scale production.

[0057] It can be concluded from Table 4 that comparative example 4 uses less cement and increases the proportion of slag powder. The compressive strength is higher than that of comparative example 1, the tensile strength is lower than that of comparative example 1, the brittleness is large, and the final setting time is only 9 minutes, which is 29 minutes faster than that of comparative example 1. The main performance indicators can meet the current national standards, but the final setting time is too fast to meet the requirements of large-scale production.

[0058] It can be concluded from Table 4 that comparative example 5 uses less cement and increases the amount of clay powder. The tensile strength of comparative example 5 is lower than that of comparative example 1, and the final setting time is only 10 minutes, which is 28 minutes faster than that of comparative example 1. The main performance indicators can meet the current national standard requirements, but the final setting time is too fast to meet the requirements of large-scale production.

[0059] According to the method described in GB / T 20284-2006, the flame retardant properties of the thermal insulation templates of Examples 1-6 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0060] Table 5 Flame retardant properties of thermal insulation templates of Examples 1-6

[0061]

[0062] It can be concluded from Table 5 that the thermal insulation formwork provided by the embodiment of the present invention has excellent flame retardant properties, and all indicators meet the A2 classification standard in the national GB 8624-2012. In addition to the fire retardant performance, other properties can fully meet the market requirements for the use of thermal insulation materials.

[0063] In summary, the non-disassembly insulation template provided by the embodiment of the present invention has excellent mechanical properties, low thermal conductivity and good insulation effect.

[0064] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal insulation layer, characterized in that: Including the following raw materials: polystyrene particles 6~20Kg / m 3 and a fireproof binder, which comprises, by weight, 16 to 41 parts of water glass, 4 to 19 parts of cement, 1 to 14 parts of slag powder, 1 to 10 parts of clay powder, 1 to 8 parts of emulsion, and 1 to 8 parts of excitation regulator.

2. The thermal insulation layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Including the following raw materials: polystyrene particles 18Kg / m 3 and a fireproof binder, which comprises, by weight, 34.6 parts of water glass, 15.7 parts of cement, 10.5 parts of slag powder, 8.8 parts of clay powder, 8.8 parts of emulsion, and 6.3 parts of excitation regulator.

3. The thermal insulation layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the polystyrene particles is 2 to 5 mm, and the density is 8 to 20 kg / m 3 .

4. The thermal insulation layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the slag powder is 200-500 mesh, and the particle size of the clay powder is 200-500 mesh.

5. The thermal insulation layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emulsion is an acrylic copolymer.

6. The thermal insulation layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation regulator is a mixture of one or more of sodium hydroxide and phosphate.

7. A disassembly-free thermal insulation template, characterized in that: It comprises a first reinforcement layer, a thermal insulation layer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and a second reinforcement layer which are arranged in sequence, wherein the first reinforcement layer and the second reinforcement layer both comprise mesh cloth and polymer mortar.

8. The non-disassembly insulation template according to claim 7, characterized in that: The polymer mortar comprises water and polymer mortar raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the polymer mortar raw materials is 0.34-0.45:1; the polymer mortar raw materials comprise, by mass percentage, 39% cement, 49% sand, 9% talcum powder, 0.40% modified polypropylene fiber, and 2.6% high molecular polymer.

9. A method for preparing a disassembly-free thermal insulation template according to any one of claims 7 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, mixing water glass, cement, slag powder, clay powder, emulsion, and excitation regulator and stirring evenly; then adding polystyrene particles and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed material; S2, adding the mixed material obtained in step S1 into a mold, extruding, demolding, curing, and cutting to obtain the thermal insulation layer; S3, coating an interface agent on one side of the thermal insulation layer prepared in step S2, then coating it with polymer mortar, laying a mesh cloth, and naturally curing until the polymer mortar hardens to obtain the first reinforcement layer; S4, coating the interface agent on the other side of the thermal insulation layer, coating the polymer mortar, laying the mesh cloth and naturally curing until the polymer mortar hardens, thus obtaining the non-disassembly thermal insulation formwork.

10. The method for preparing the non-disassembly insulation template according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S3, the thickness of the polymer mortar is 3-5 mm, and in the step S4, the thickness of the polymer mortar is 5-8 mm.

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