Combined type sublevel filling mining method for steeply-inclined relatively-broken thick large-scale ore body

Abstract

The invention provides a combined type sublevel filling mining method for a steeply-inclined relatively-broken thick large-scale ore body, which comprises the following steps of: carrying out sublevel according to a middle section of the ore body, and dividing each middle section into an upper sublevel, a middle sublevel and a lower sublevel; dividing panels along the trend of the ore body, and dividing the ore block into an upper stoping area and a lower stoping area in each panel; ore blocks in an upper stoping area are divided into a plurality of first-step ore chambers and second-step ore pillars, and stoping is conducted through a sublevel open stoping subsequent filling mining method; ore blocks in a lower stoping area are divided into a plurality of drift type stopes, and stoping is conducted through a pre-control top drift type filling mining method; the stope height of the lower stoping area is the height of the lower section, and the stope height of the upper stoping area is the height of the upper section and the middle section. According to the mining method, top height control subsection and subsection open stope subsequent filling are combined, the exposed height of a goaf is reduced, the stability in the stoping process of a stope is improved, the ore depletion rate is reduced, and the production capacity and production efficiency of ore blocks are both considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular to a combined segmented filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies. Background Art

[0002] At present, domestic and foreign mines generally adopt two-step recovery of segmented or even staged empty field and subsequent filling mining method for medium- or above-medium-stability steeply inclined thick large-scale ore bodies. However, for medium- or below-medium-stability steeply inclined thick large-scale ore bodies, it is extremely unreasonable for the situation that the mining project construction has been completed in accordance with the above-mentioned mining technical conditions. Since the height of the goaf after the mining of the stope reaches tens of meters or even hundreds of meters, if the stability of the ore rock is poor, the goaf will become unstable and collapse, which will not only cause ore loss and depletion (the collapse of the goaf in the first step will affect the mining of the second step, resulting in resource loss or mixing of waste rock, and the collapse of the goaf in the second step will cause mixing of surrounding filling bodies), but also affect the safety of the mining operation. At this time, if the conventional mining optimization method is followed: ① adding another bottom structure segment to the original bottom structure segment, the construction volume of the mining project, the mining cycle and the ore depletion rate will increase; ② changing the top (bottom) segment to a flat bottom structure and using a remote-controlled shovel loader to mine, due to the poor stability of the ore rock, the large exposed area of ​​the mining site and the high segment height, the safety of the remote-controlled shovel loader during mining operations in the empty area cannot be guaranteed.

[0003] The "layered and segmented combined mining method for the interlayer of a broken ore body" disclosed in Chinese patent publication number CN108894785A is mainly to solve the problem of safe and efficient mining of the interlayer of the broken ore body, while taking into account the normal mining of the relatively stable ore bodies on both sides. The problem of poor safety and high loss rate in high-altitude mining of steeply inclined thick large-scale ore bodies with medium or lower stability has not been solved.

[0004] The "combined method of small-segmented emptying and subsequent backfilling" disclosed in Chinese patent publication number CN116556949A mainly solves the problems of poor safety, large dilution and loss of loose body side thick and broken ore bodies, large consumption of large-area grouting reinforcement materials, and high cost. No solution is proposed for the problem of poor safety and high dilution and loss rate of large-scale mining of steeply inclined thick and large-scale ore bodies with medium or less stability.

[0005] The "A mining method for subsequent filling in the empty pit during the stage of caving with ore retention in sections" disclosed in Chinese patent publication number CN101881169A mainly solves the problems of poor safety, large dilution loss, low recovery efficiency and surface protection of inclined / gently inclined thin to medium-thick ore bodies through a mining method combining the caving mining method with the subsequent filling mining method. The problem of poor safety and large dilution loss rate of large-scale ore bodies with steep inclination and thickness of medium or less stability at high altitude mining is not mentioned.

[0006] Therefore, it is of great application prospect to develop a combined segmented filling mining method suitable for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies.

[0007] It should be noted that the above introduction to the technical background is only for the convenience of providing a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present application and for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art. It cannot be considered that the above technical solutions are well known to those skilled in the art simply because they are described in the background technology section of the present application. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a combined segmented filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies. The method combines the pre-controlled top height segmented filling mining method with the segmented empty field subsequent filling mining method to provide a safe, efficient, green and economical mining method with low loss and depletion for steeply inclined, thick and large-scale ore bodies with medium or lower stability in metal mines.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Mining area division and stope layout

[0011] The ore body is divided into sections according to the middle section where it is located, and each middle section is divided into three sections: upper, middle and lower; the ore body is divided into panels along the direction of the ore body, and no intermediate pillars, top pillars and bottom pillars are reserved between the panels. The ore blocks in each panel are divided into an upper mining area and a lower mining area; the ore blocks in the upper mining area are divided into a number of one-step mine rooms and two-step mine pillars; the ore blocks in the lower mining area are divided into a number of access stopes; the stope height of the lower mining area is the height of the lower section, and the stope height of the upper mining area is the height of the upper and middle sections;

[0012] The approach stopes include stope 1, stope 2, stope 3, stope 4, stope 5, stope 6, stope 7, stope 8, stope 9, stope 10, stope 11, stope 12, stope 13, stope 14 and stope 15, which are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence along the direction of the ore body;

[0013] S2. Alignment and cutting

[0014] Along the ore body direction, segmented connecting tunnels are constructed at the top of the upper segment, the bottom of the middle segment and the bottom of the lower segment. From the segmented connecting tunnels, vertically along the ore body direction, a stope connecting road, a stope connecting auxiliary ramp, an upper mining area stope rock drilling tunnel, an upper mining area stope exit tunnel, an upper mining area stope exit access road, a trench tunnel, a filling return air shaft, a cutting shaft, a chute and a chute connecting tunnel are constructed as the main tunnels for mining, filling and ventilation; an intra-vein connecting tunnel is arranged at the top and bottom of the lower segment respectively, and a number of lower mining area stope rock drilling tunnels and lower mining area exit tunnels are constructed from the intra-vein connecting tunnels vertically along the ore body direction to the ore body boundary;

[0015] S3, mining

[0016] The upper mining area adopts the segmented open pit and subsequent filling mining method for mining; the lower mining area adopts the pre-controlled top entry filling mining method for mining:

[0017] First, the lower mining area is mined, and the mining sequence is one every three minings, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0018] S31, first phase stope: stope 3, stope 7, stope 11 and stope 15 are mined simultaneously, and high-strength cemented filling is carried out after the first phase stope is mined;

[0019] S32, second-stage stope: during the first-stage stope, high-strength cementation filling is carried out while stope 1, stope 5 and stope 13 are mined simultaneously. After the mining of the second-stage stope is completed, high-strength cementation filling is carried out;

[0020] S33, third-stage stope: After the high-strength cemented filling in the second-stage stope reaches the curing period, stopes 2, 6, 9 and 12 are mined simultaneously, and high-strength cemented filling is carried out after the third-stage mining is completed;

[0021] S34, fourth stage stope: during the third stage of mining and high-strength cementing filling, stope 4 and stope 14 are mined at the same time; after the third stage of mining is completed and high-strength cementing filling is carried out to reach the maintenance period, stope 8 is mined; after the fourth stage of mining is completed, high-strength cementing filling is carried out;

[0022] S35, fifth stage stope: During the fourth stage of mining and high-strength cementing filling, stope 10 is mined at the same time, and high-strength cementing filling is carried out after the fifth stage of mining;

[0023] After the mining of the lower mining area is completed, the upper mining area is mined from top to bottom. The first-step ore room is mined first, and after the high-strength cementation filling is completed, the second-step ore pillars are mined. After the mining is completed, low-strength cementation or non-cementation filling is carried out. The mining order is one every three mining times until the entire upper mining area is mined.

[0024] Preferably, the mine connection auxiliary ramp that is used to excavate the mine from the segmented connecting tunnel located in the middle segment needs to be constructed twice in succession: first, the mine connection auxiliary ramp required for the lower mining area is constructed, and then the mine connection auxiliary ramp required for the upper mining area is constructed after the mining of the lower mining area is completed and high-strength cementation filling is carried out.

[0025] Preferably, the panel area is arranged along the vertical direction of the ore body, the length of the panel area is the length along the direction of the ore body, and the width of the panel area is the thickness of the ore body.

[0026] Preferably, the length of the panel is 90 m, the width of the panel is 50 m, and the height of the panel is 50 m.

[0027] Preferably, a rock drilling tunnel which also serves as a filling return air tunnel is constructed separately at the top of Mining Area 1, Mining Area 3, Mining Area 5, Mining Area 7, Mining Area 9, Mining Area 11, Mining Area 13 and Mining Area 15 in the lower mining area, and the remaining approach mining areas share the filling return air tunnel with their corresponding mining areas in the upper mining area, without the need to construct additional rock drilling tunnels as filling return air tunnels.

[0028] Preferably, the filling return air shafts include filling return air shaft one located in mining area nine, filling return air shaft two located in mining area two, filling return air shaft three located in mining area four, filling return air shaft four located in mining area six, filling return air shaft five located in mining area twelve, and filling return air shaft six located in mining area fourteen. When the filling return air shafts are constructed downward in the upper mining area, filling return air shafts one to filling return air shaft six are constructed in sequence. At the same time, the filling return air shafts also serve as cutting shafts in each mining area in the upper and lower mining areas.

[0029] Preferably, the cutting wells include cutting well 1 located in mining field 10, cutting well 2 located in mining field 8, cutting well 3 located in mining field 3, cutting well 4 located in mining field 7, cutting well 5 located in mining field 11, cutting well 6 located in mining field 15, cutting well 7 located in mining field 1, cutting well 8 located in mining field 5, and cutting well 9 located in mining field 14. When constructing the cutting wells in the lower mining area, cutting wells 1 to 9 are constructed in sequence.

[0030] Preferably, mining is carried out in each stope of the upper mining area in a sequence from top to bottom along the inclination of the ore body, and the upper segment mining leads the middle segment mining by 1 to 3 steps.

[0031] Preferably, the cross-sectional specifications of the segmented connecting tunnels, mining field connecting roads, mining field connecting auxiliary ramps, intra-vein connecting tunnels, and the upper mining area mining field drilling tunnels, upper mining area mining field exit tunnels, upper mining area mining field exit access roads, and trench tunnels are 3.7m×3.7m; the cross-sectional specifications of the lower mining area mining field drilling tunnels and the lower mining area mining field exit tunnels are 6m×3.7m; the diameter of the cutting well is 1.4m; the upper mining area mining field exit access road and the upper mining area mining field exit tunnel are obliquely intersected by 45 to 60°

[0032] The above scheme of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] (1) The combined segmented filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies provided by the present invention divides the ore blocks in the plate area into upper and lower mining areas, thereby reducing the exposure height of the goaf and improving the stability of the stope during the mining process;

[0034] (2) Since the lower mining area adopts the pre-controlled top height segmented filling mining method and uses a flat bottom structure remote control scraper to mine, the layout of the bottom structure engineering is reduced while ensuring the safety of the mining operation, which indirectly reduces the ore loss rate;

[0035] (3) In addition, since the mining method of the present invention uses segmented mining units, it can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the ore body, and has great flexibility. At the same time, since the upper mining area adopts the segmented subsequent filling mining method, the production capacity and production efficiency of the ore block are taken into account;

[0036] (4) The combined mining method of pre-controlled top height segmentation and segmented empty space subsequent filling provided by the present invention is a safe, efficient, green and economical mining method with strong flexibility and adaptability and low loss and depletion. In the actual application process of mines, it can achieve the best economic benefits, safety benefits and social benefits.

[0037] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a side view schematic diagram of the double rock drilling tunnel stope in the lower mining area of ​​the present invention. Figure 2 Too Figure 1 II-II sectional view;

[0040] Figure 3It is a side view schematic diagram of the single rock drilling tunnel stope in the lower mining area of ​​the present invention. Figure 3 Too Figure 1 III-III sectional view;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a top view of the mining sequence of each stope in the lower mining area of ​​the present invention. Figure 4 Too Figure 1 IV-IV sectional view;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a top view of the construction of the cutting shafts in each stope in the lower mining area of ​​the present invention. Figure 5 Too Figure 1 VV sectional view;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic front view of the first and second step stope recovery sequence of the upper recovery area of ​​the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a side view schematic diagram of the sequence of sub-segmented mining in the upper mining area of ​​the present invention, and Figure 7 Too Figure 6 VII-VII cross-sectional view

[0045] Figure 8 The top view of the bottom structure of the stope in the upper mining area of ​​the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 8 Too Figure 6 VIII-VIII sectional view.

[0046] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0047] 1- rock drilling tunnel in the upper mining area; 2- filling return air shaft; 21- filling return air shaft 1; 22- filling return air shaft 2; 23- filling return air shaft 3; 24- filling return air shaft 4; 25- filling return air shaft 5; 26- filling return air shaft 6; 3- rock drilling tunnel in the lower mining area; 4- caving ore pile; 5- mining exit tunnel in the lower mining area; 6- cutting shaft; 61- cutting shaft 1; 62- cutting shaft 2; 63- cutting shaft 3; 64- cutting Cutting shaft 4; 65-cutting shaft 5; 66-cutting shaft 6; 67-cutting shaft 7; 68-cutting shaft 8; 69-cutting shaft 9; 7-cemented filling body; 8-mining field communication auxiliary ramp; 9-vein communication lane; 10-segment communication lane; 11-chute; 12-mining field communication lane; 13-chute communication lane; 14-mining exit road of upper mining area; 15-mining exit lane of upper mining area; 16-filling return air lane; 17-trench lane

[0048] 2-1- Mine one; 3-1- Mine two; 1-1- Mine three; 4-1- Mine four; 2-2- Mine five; 3-2- Mine six; 1-2- Mine seven; 4-2- Mine eight; 3-3- Mine nine; 5-1- Mine ten; 1-3- Mine eleven; 3-4- Mine twelve; 2-3- Mine thirteen; 4-3- Mine fourteen; 1-4- Mine fifteen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The various specific technical features and embodiments described in the specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. For example, different embodiments can be formed by combining different specific technical features / embodiments. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of the specific technical features / embodiments in the present invention are no longer described separately.

[0050] It should be noted that the terms "set" and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be directly set, installed, or connected, or they can be indirectly set or connected through a central component or a central structure. In addition, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. in the present invention are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the conventional placement state or use state, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred structural parts, features, devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies, which comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1: Mining area division and stope layout

[0053] Key References Figure 1 In this step, the ore body is first divided into sections according to the middle section where it is located, and each middle section is divided into three sections: upper, middle and lower; the disk area is divided along the direction of the ore body, and no intermediate pillars, top pillars and bottom pillars are reserved between the disk areas. In each disk area, the ore block is divided into an upper mining area and a lower mining area. When mining, the lower mining area is mined first, and then the upper mining area is mined.

[0054] In the lower mining area, the ore block is divided into several approach stopes, which include stope 1 2-1, stope 2 3-1, stope 3 1-1, stope 4 4-1, stope 5 2-2, stope 6 3-2, stope 7 1-2, stope 8 4-2, stope 9 3-3, stope 10 5-1, stope 11 1-3, stope 12 3-4, stope 13 2-3, stope 14 4-3 and stope 15 1-4. In the upper mining area, the ore block is mined in two steps, namely, a one-step mine room and a two-step mine pillar.

[0055] The panel area is arranged along the vertical ore body strike, the panel area length is the length along the ore body strike, the panel area width is the ore body thickness, the stope height of the lower mining area is the lower segment height, and the stope height of the upper mining area is the upper and middle segment heights. Preferably in this embodiment, the panel area length is 90m, the panel area width is 50m, and the panel area height is 50m. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the heights of the upper, middle and lower segments are 20m, 15m and 15m respectively, and the stope length is 50m. The widths of the one-step and two-step stopes in the upper mining area are 12m and 18m respectively, and the height is 35m; the width of the approach stope in the lower mining area is 6m, and the height is 15m;

[0056] S2: Alignment and cutting

[0057] Along the direction of the ore body, segmented connecting tunnels 10 are constructed at the top of the upper section, the bottom of the middle section and the bottom of the lower section. From the segmented connecting tunnels 10 perpendicular to the direction of the ore body, mining field connecting roads 12, mining field connecting auxiliary ramps 8, upper mining area mining drilling tunnels 1, upper mining area mining exit tunnels 15, upper mining area mining exit access roads 14, trench tunnels 17, filling return air shafts 2, cutting shafts 6, chute shafts 11 and chute connecting tunnels 13 and filling return air shafts 16 are constructed as main tunnels for mining, filling and ventilation. Among them, the auxiliary ramp 8 for contacting the mining area from the middle segment contact tunnel 10 to the mining area needs to be constructed twice in succession. First, the auxiliary ramp 8 for contacting the mining area required for the lower mining area is constructed. After the mining of the lower mining area is completed and high-strength cementing filling is carried out, the auxiliary ramp 8 for contacting the mining area required for the upper mining area is constructed. At the same time, the slopes of the two mining area contact ramps are suitable for personnel, materials and equipment to enter the mining area. In the mining area of ​​the lower mining area, an intra-vein contact tunnel 9 is arranged on the top and bottom plates of the lower segment respectively. Several rock drilling tunnels 3 and mining exit tunnels 5 of the mining area of ​​the lower mining area are constructed from the intra-vein contact tunnel 9 vertically to the ore body to the boundary of the ore body. No special mining exit structure is set, and the segment roof is supported before mining to improve the stability of the roof.

[0058] In order to facilitate on-site construction, when the filling and return air shaft 2 (which can also serve as the cutting shaft of the upper mining area, the filling and return air shaft and the cutting shaft of the lower mining area) is constructed in the filling and return air shaft 16 at the top of the middle section, it is constructed through to the mining tunnel 5 of the lower mining area; for the remaining mining areas in the lower mining area, after the construction of the rock drilling tunnel 3 in the mining area of ​​the lower mining area is completed, the cutting shaft 6 (which can also serve as the filling and return air shaft of the lower mining area) is constructed from the rock drilling tunnel 3 in the mining area of ​​the lower mining area at the top of the lower segment to the mining tunnel 5 of the lower mining area at the bottom of the lower segment. The remaining mining and cutting steps also include basic supporting facilities of the mining area such as cutting troughs and ore chutes, which will not be repeated here.

[0059] In this embodiment, a lower mining area rock drilling tunnel 3 is constructed separately at the top of the lower mining area mining area 2-1, mining area 3 1-1, mining area 5 2-2, mining area 7 1-2, mining area 9 3-3, mining area 11 1-3, mining area 13 2-3, and mining area 15 1-4, which also serves as a filling return air tunnel. The remaining access mining areas share the filling return air tunnel 16 with the corresponding mining areas of the upper mining area, and there is no need to construct additional rock drilling tunnels as filling return air tunnels.

[0060] Furthermore, the filling return air shaft 2 includes a filling return air shaft 21 located in mining site nine 3-3, a filling return air shaft two 22 located in mining site two 3-1, a filling return air shaft three 23 located in mining site four 4-1, a filling return air shaft four 24 located in mining site six 3-2, a filling return air shaft five 25 located in mining site twelve 3-4, and a filling return air shaft six 26 located in mining site fourteen 4-3. When the filling return air shaft 2 is constructed downward in the upper mining area, the filling return air shaft one 21 to the filling return air shaft six 26 are constructed in sequence. At the same time, the filling return air shaft 2 also serves as a cutting shaft in each mining site in the upper and lower mining areas.

[0061] Furthermore, the cutting wells 6 include a cutting well 1 61 located in mining site 10 5-1, a cutting well 2 62 located in mining site 8 4-2, a cutting well 3 63 located in mining site 3 1-1, a cutting well 4 64 located in mining site 7 1-2, a cutting well 5 65 located in mining site 11 1-3, a cutting well 66 located in mining site 15 1-4, a cutting well 7 67 located in mining site 1 2-1, a cutting well 8 68 located in mining site 5 2-2, and a cutting well 9 69 located in mining site 14 2-3. When constructing the cutting wells 6 in the lower mining area, cutting wells 1 61 to 9 69 are constructed in sequence.

[0062] Specifically, a filling return air tunnel 16 is constructed at the top of the upper section from the section connecting tunnel 10 to the boundary of the ore body perpendicular to the direction of the ore body in the center of each mining area; at the top of the mining area 9 3-3 and the bottom vein connecting tunnel 9 perpendicular to the direction of the ore body, the lower mining area mining area rock drilling tunnel 3 and the mining exit tunnel 5 are constructed to the boundary of the ore body, and at the end of the upper section mining area, a filling return air shaft 21 is constructed downward from the upper section filling return air tunnel 16 to the mining exit tunnel 5 of the lower section lower mining area, and then in the mining area 3-3, after being opened to the left and right sides of the mining area with the filling return air shaft 21 as the free surface, a cutting shaft 1 61 located in the mining area 10 5-1 and a cutting shaft 2 62 located in the mining area 8 4-2 are constructed from the end of the upper section mining area downward, and a filling retaining wall is constructed to prevent the filling slurry from leaking from the cutting shaft 2 62 and the cutting shaft 3 63 when the mining area 9 3-3 is filled. The filling return air shaft 21 is used to undertake the ventilation and filling tasks of mining area three 1-1, mining area seven 1-2, mining area eleven 1-3, mining area fifteen 1-4, mining area one 2-1, mining area five 2-2, and mining area thirteen 2-3 during the mining process. The above-mentioned seven mining areas construct the lower mining area mining area rock drilling tunnel 3 and the mining tunnel 5 to the ore body boundary at the top and bottom of the mining area in the vein connecting tunnel 9 perpendicular to the direction of the ore body. At the end of each mining area, from the lower mining area rock drilling tunnel 5 to the lower mining area mining tunnel 5, the cutting shaft three 63 located in mining area three 1-1, the cutting shaft four 64 located in mining area seven 1-2, the cutting shaft five 65 located in mining area eleven 1-3, the cutting shaft six 66 located in mining area fifteen 1-4, the cutting shaft seven 67 located in mining area one 2-1, the cutting shaft eight 68 located in mining area five 2-2, and the cutting shaft nine 69 located in mining area fourteen 2-3 are constructed downward in sequence. Mining Site 2 3-1, Mining Site 4 4-1, Mining Site 6 3-2, Mining Site 8 4-2, Mining Site 10 5-1, Mining Site 12 3-4 and Mining Site 14 4-3 construct the lower mining area mining exit tunnel 5 from the inner vein connecting tunnel 9 perpendicular to the direction of the ore body at the bottom of the mining site to the ore body boundary, and at the corresponding upper mining area mining end from the upper segment filling return air tunnel 16 to the lower segment lower mining area mining exit tunnel 5 downward, the filling return air shaft 22 located in Mining Site 2 3-1, the filling return air shaft 3 23 located in Mining Site 4 4-1, the filling return air shaft 4 24 located in Mining Site 6 3-2, the filling return air shaft 5 25 located in Mining Site 12 3-4 and the filling return air shaft 6 26 located in Mining Site 14 4-3 are constructed simultaneously. After the high-strength cementing filling is completed in the lower mining area, the upper mining area will construct a rock drilling tunnel 1, an upper mining area mining exit tunnel 15, an upward mining area connecting ramp 8, and an upper mining area mining exit access 14 in the vertical direction of the ore body from the segmented connecting tunnel 10, and the trench tunnel 17, the upper mining area mining entrance 14 and the upper mining area mining exit tunnel 15 are obliquely intersected at an oblique angle of 45 to 60 degrees;

[0063] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional specifications of the segmented connecting tunnel 10, the mining field connecting road 12, the mining field connecting auxiliary ramp 8, the intra-vein connecting tunnel 6, the rock drilling tunnel 1 in the upper mining area, the mining field exit tunnel 15 in the upper mining area, the mining field exit access 14 in the upper mining area, and the trench tunnel 17 are 3.7m×3.7m, and certain support measures are taken for the tunnels during construction. The cross-sectional specifications of the rock drilling tunnel 3 and the mining field exit tunnel 5 in the lower mining area are 6m×3.7m, and the tunnels are pre-controlled at the same time. According to the stability of the ore and rock, pre-controlled top processes such as shotcrete support, shotcrete anchor support, and long anchor cable support can be used respectively; the diameter of the cutting well 6 is Φ1.4m.

[0064] S3: Mining out

[0065] In the present invention, the ore blocks in the upper mining area are mined by the segmented open field followed by filling mining method; and the lower mining area is mined by the pre-controlled top entry filling mining method.

[0066] First, the lower mining area is mined, and the remote-controlled scraper is used for backward mining. The mining sequence is one every three minings, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0067] S31. First-stage mining: Mining of Mining Site Three 1-1, Mining Site Seven 1-2, Mining Site Eleven 1-3, and Mining Site Fifteen 1-4 will be carried out simultaneously, and high-strength cemented filling will be carried out after the mining of the first-stage mining site is completed.

[0068] S32, second stage stope: During the first stage stope high-strength cementation filling, stope 1 2-1, stope 5 2-2 and stope 13 2-3 are mined simultaneously. After the mining of the second stage stope is completed, high-strength cementation filling is carried out.

[0069] S33, the third stage mining area: after the high-strength cemented filling in the second stage mining area reaches the curing period (the curing period is generally 28 days), mining of mining area two 3-1, mining area six 3-2, mining area nine 3-3 and mining area twelve 3-4 will be carried out simultaneously, and high-strength cemented filling will be carried out after the third stage mining is completed.

[0070] S34, fourth stage mining area: during the third stage of mining and high-strength cemented filling, mining area 4-1 and mining area 14 4-3 are mined at the same time; after the third stage of mining is completed and high-strength cemented filling reaches the maintenance period (the maintenance period is generally 28 days), mining area 8 4-2 is carried out; high-strength cemented filling is carried out after the fourth stage of mining is completed.

[0071] S35, Fifth Stage Mining Site: During the fourth stage of mining and high-strength cemented filling, mining site 10-1 is carried out at the same time. After the fifth stage of mining, high-strength cemented filling is carried out.

[0072] After the mining of the lower mining area is completed and the fifth stage of high-strength cemented filling reaches the maintenance period, the upper mining area is mined from top to bottom, using ordinary shovel loaders for backward mining operations. In the later stage of mining in the mine, remote-controlled shovel loaders are used to recover the residual ore. The first-step mine room is mined first, and after the high-strength cemented filling is completed, the second-step ore pillars are mined. After the mining is completed, low-strength cemented or non-cemented filling is carried out. The mining order is one every three mining times until the entire upper mining area is mined.

[0073] Specifically, for the upper mining area mine, an ordinary scraper is used to enter the mine from the upper mining area mine exit tunnel 15 through the upper mining area mine exit access road 14 to complete the shoveling operation. Later, a remote-controlled scraper is used to recover the residual ore, which is unloaded to the middle section chute 11 through the section connecting tunnel 10, and then slid into the bottom mine car, transported to the bottom yard, and finally lifted to the surface by the main shaft cage; for the lower mining area mine, a remote-controlled scraper is used to enter the mine from the lower mining area mine exit tunnel 5 to complete the shoveling operation, which is unloaded to the middle section chute 11 through the section connecting tunnel 10, and then slid into the bottom mine car, transported to the bottom yard, and finally lifted to the surface by the main shaft cage.

[0074] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the mining field uses an imported electric hydraulic Simba1254 medium-long hole drilling trolley and a GZ919 drilling trolley to jointly carry out upward fan-shaped medium-long hole drilling operations. The blasthole diameter Φ is 76mm, and the machine core height is 1.85m for the former and 1.8m for the latter.

[0075] For the mining area in the lower mining area, the spacing between rows is 1.5 to 2.2m, the distance from the bottom of the hole is 1.6 to 2.4m, and the blast holes with the same hole number between rows are staggered. 2-3 rows of blast holes are blasted each time, and the step distance of blasting is 4.5 to 6.6m. The cutting groove is designed to expand the slot holes with a spacing of 1.1m, and an additional row of cutting groove blast holes is added with a spacing of 1.1m and a distance from the bottom of the hole of 0.7 to 1.85m. The cutting groove is formed by one detonation.

[0076] For the upper mining area, the spacing between rows is 1.5-2.2m, the distance from the bottom of the hole is 1.6-2.4m, the blast holes with the same hole number between rows are staggered, 2-4 rows of blast holes are blasted each time, and the blasting step distance is 4.5-6.6m); the cutting slot is designed to expand the slot holes, with a spacing of 1.4m, and a reinforcement row is added in the middle 0.7m. The first blasting expands the well hole to 2 rows, and the blasting step distance is 1.4m; the cutting slot blast row has a row spacing of 1.5m, and the distance from the bottom of the hole is 0.7-1.85m. The second blasting cuts 3 rows, with a blasting step distance of 4.5m, and the third blasting cuts rows, with a blasting step distance of 7.5m.

[0077] BJC-2 underground on-site mixing truck and BJC-41 fully automatic articulated mixing truck are used for medium and deep hole blasting with mixed emulsion explosives as the main explosive; No. 2 rock emulsion explosives are used as the main explosive for cutting and expanding well holes, cutting rows and water-containing holes. The detonator is a 32mm diameter, 150g weight detonator. Digital electronic detonators are used for reverse detonation at the bottom of the hole, and the hole mouth is blocked at intervals of 0.8 to 1.5m.

[0078] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Mining area division and stope layout The ore body is divided into sections according to the middle section where it is located, and each middle section is divided into three sections: upper, middle and lower; the ore body is divided into panels along the direction of the ore body, and no intermediate pillars, top pillars and bottom pillars are reserved between the panels. The ore blocks in each panel are divided into an upper mining area and a lower mining area; the ore blocks in the upper mining area are divided into a number of one-step mine rooms and two-step mine pillars; the ore blocks in the lower mining area are divided into a number of access stopes; the stope height of the lower mining area is the height of the lower section, and the stope height of the upper mining area is the height of the upper and middle sections; The approach stopes include stope 1 (2-1), stope 2 (3-1), stope 3 (1-1), stope 4 (4-1), stope 5 (2-2), stope 6 (3-2), stope 7 (1-2), stope 8 (4-2), stope 9 (3-3), stope 10 (5-1), stope 11 (1-3), stope 12 (3-4), stope 13 (2-3), stope 14 (4-3) and stope 15 (1-4), which are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence along the direction of the ore body; S2. Alignment and cutting A segmental connecting tunnel (10) is constructed at the top of the upper segment, the bottom of the middle segment and the bottom of the lower segment along the ore body direction. From the segmental connecting tunnel (10), vertically from the ore body direction, a stope connecting tunnel (12), a stope connecting auxiliary ramp (8), an upper recovery area stope rock drilling tunnel (1), an upper recovery area stope exit tunnel (15), an upper recovery area stope exit access (14), a trench tunnel (17), a filling return air shaft (2), a cutting shaft (6), a chute (11) and a chute connecting tunnel (13) are constructed as the main tunnels for recovery, filling and ventilation; an intra-vein connecting tunnel (9) is arranged at the top and bottom of the lower segment respectively, and a plurality of lower recovery area stope rock drilling tunnels (3) and a lower recovery area exit tunnel (5) are constructed from the intra-vein connecting tunnel (9) vertically from the ore body direction to the ore body boundary; S3, mining The upper mining area adopts the segmented open pit and subsequent filling mining method for mining; the lower mining area adopts the pre-controlled top entry filling mining method for mining: First, the lower mining area is mined, and the mining sequence is one every three minings, which mainly includes the following steps: S31, first phase stope: Stope 3 (1-1), Stope 7 (1-2), Stope 11 (1-3), Stope 15 (1-4) are mined simultaneously, and high-strength cemented filling is carried out after the first phase stope is mined; S32, second-stage stope: During the high-strength cementation filling of the first-stage stope, stope 1 (2-1), stope 5 (2-2) and stope 13 (2-3) are mined simultaneously, and high-strength cementation filling is carried out after the mining of the second-stage stope is completed; S33, third-stage stope: After the high-strength cemented filling in the second-stage stope reaches the maintenance period, stope 2 (3-1), stope 6 (3-2), stope 9 (3-3) and stope 12 (3-4) are mined simultaneously, and high-strength cemented filling is carried out after the third-stage mining is completed; S34, fourth stage stope: in the third stage, stope 4 (4-1) and stope 14 (4-3) are mined at the same time while high-strength cementing filling is carried out; after the third stage of mining is completed, high-strength cementing filling is carried out to reach the maintenance period, stope 8 (4-2) is mined; high-strength cementing filling is carried out after the fourth stage of mining is completed; S35, Fifth-stage stope: During the fourth-stage mining and high-strength cemented filling, stope ten (5-1) is mined at the same time, and high-strength cemented filling is carried out after the fifth-stage mining; After the mining of the lower mining area is completed, the upper mining area is mined from top to bottom. The first-step ore room is mined first, and after the high-strength cementation filling is completed, the second-step ore pillars are mined. After the mining is completed, low-strength cementation or non-cementation filling is carried out. The mining order is one every three mining times until the entire upper mining area is mined.

2. The combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The auxiliary slope road (8) for connecting the mining area and excavating the segmented connecting tunnel (10) located in the middle segment to the mining area needs to be constructed twice in succession: first, the auxiliary slope road (8) for connecting the mining area required for the lower mining area is constructed, and after the mining of the lower mining area is completed and high-strength cement filling is carried out, the auxiliary slope road (8) for connecting the mining area required for the upper mining area is constructed.

3. The combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The panel area is arranged along the vertical direction of the ore body, the length of the panel area is the length along the direction of the ore body, and the width of the panel area is the thickness of the ore body.

4. The combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The length of the panel is 90 m, the width of the panel is 50 m, and the height of the panel is 50 m.

5. The combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A separate rock drilling tunnel (3) is constructed at the top of each of the lower mining area's mining sites 1 (2-1), 3 (1-1), 5 (2-2), 7 (1-2), 9 (3-3), 11 (1-3), 13 (2-3) and 15 (1-4), which also serves as a filling return air tunnel. The remaining entry-type mining sites share the filling return air tunnel (16) with their corresponding mining sites in the upper mining area, and there is no need to construct additional rock drilling tunnels as filling return air tunnels.

6. The combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling return air shaft (2) includes a filling return air shaft one (21) located in mining area nine (3-3), a filling return air shaft two (22) located in mining area two (3-1), a filling return air shaft three (23) located in mining area four (4-1), a filling return air shaft four (24) located in mining area six (3-2), a filling return air shaft five (25) located in mining area twelve (3-4), and a filling return air shaft six (26) located in mining area fourteen (4-3). When the filling return air shaft (2) is constructed downward in the upper mining area, the filling return air shaft one (21) to the filling return air shaft six (26) are constructed in sequence. At the same time, the filling return air shaft also serves as a cutting shaft in each mining area of ​​the upper and lower mining areas.

7. The combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cutting wells (6) include cutting well one (61) located in mining area ten (5-1), cutting well two (62) located in mining area eight (4-2), cutting well three (63) located in mining area three (1-1), cutting well four (64) located in mining area seven (1-2), cutting well five (65) located in mining area eleven (1-3), cutting well six (66) located in mining area fifteen (1-4), cutting well seven (67) located in mining area one (2-1), cutting well eight (68) located in mining area five (2-2), and cutting well nine (69) located in mining area fourteen (2-3). When constructing the cutting wells (6) in the lower mining area, cutting wells one (61) to cutting well nine (69) are constructed in sequence.

8. The combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Mining is carried out in each stope of the upper mining area in a sequence from top to bottom along the inclination of the ore body, and the upper segment mining leads the middle segment mining by 1 to 3 steps.

9. The combined staged filling mining method for steeply inclined, relatively broken, thick and large-scale ore bodies according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross-sectional specifications of the segmented connecting tunnel (10), the mining area connecting road (12), the mining area connecting auxiliary ramp (8), the intra-vein connecting tunnel (6), the upper mining area mining area rock drilling tunnel (1), the upper mining area mining area ore exit tunnel (15), the upper mining area mining area ore exit access road (14), and the trench tunnel (17) are 3.7m×3.7m; the cross-sectional specifications of the lower mining area mining area rock drilling tunnel (3) and the lower mining area mining area ore exit tunnel (5) are 6m×3.7m; the diameter of the cutting shaft (6) is 1.4m; the upper mining area mining area ore exit access road (14) and the upper mining area mining area ore exit tunnel (15) are obliquely intersected by 45 to 60 degrees.

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