Solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature heat energy

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar energy utilization, and provides a solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature heat energy, which comprises an automatic tracking and condensing device capable of tracking the sun and condensing; the heating and heat collecting device is arranged above the automatic tracking and light gathering device and can absorb the heat energy of the sunlight gathered by the automatic tracking and light gathering device so as to heat the spherical heat storage medium; the heat storage medium transmission device is connected to the heating and heat collecting device, the high-temperature heat storage device and the heat application device, and the heat storage medium transmission device transfers the heated high-temperature spherical heat storage medium in the heating and heat collecting device to the high-temperature heat storage device for storage; the high-temperature heat storage device can store heat energy in the heat storage medium transferred from the heating and heat collecting device in a high-temperature form; the heat application device is connected to the high-temperature heat storage device so as to apply heat energy when needed; and the control device is connected to the automatic tracking condensation device, the heating and heat collecting device, the high-temperature heat storage device, the heat storage medium transmission device and the internal heat application device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar energy utilization, and in particular relates to a solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy. Background Art

[0002] Using solar panels to directly convert light energy into electrical energy is a widely used way of utilizing solar energy. With the reduction of manufacturing costs, solar panels are increasingly valued by everyone. However, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar panels has not been significantly improved. Under normal working conditions, the conversion rate of 15%-20% makes the overall cost of solar panel systems still remain relatively high. In addition, unless additional expensive energy storage batteries are installed, solar panels can generate electricity when there is sunlight, but cannot store electricity. Therefore, when there is no sunlight, such as in the evening and at night when users need to use a large amount of electricity or heat energy, solar panels cannot provide the required electricity for some households.

[0003] Another device that uses solar energy is the solar cooker. Box-type, flat-plate, and concentrating solar cookers can convert light energy into heat and use it to cook food, but users need to operate it manually under the hot sun, which reduces users' enthusiasm for using the product. In addition, the overall utilization rate of solar cookers is relatively low, and solar cookers are idle when not cooking. If there is no sunlight, the solar cooker cannot work. For example, users cannot use solar cookers to cook food at night.

[0004] Solar water heaters, which use vacuum tubes or other heat collection devices to collect heat, are a relatively effective way to utilize solar energy. However, solar water heaters generally have high requirements for water quality. When the minerals or impurities in the water exceed a certain proportion, the system often reduces efficiency due to the precipitation of impurities, or even fails to work properly. In cold areas, many water heaters cannot be used normally because the water in the pipes is easy to freeze. In addition, the maintenance cost of solar water heaters is also high, and the function is single, lacking other functions such as cooking.

[0005] Concentrated solar thermal power generation (CSP) technology is also being gradually commercialized. This system generally uses reflectors or lenses to focus a large area of ​​sunlight into a relatively small light collection area, allowing the solar energy to be concentrated and converted into heat energy, and then absorbs heat through a heat-absorbing medium (such as molten salt or water), and finally produces steam to drive a heat engine (such as a steam turbine engine) and drive a generator to generate electricity. The advantage of this technology is that the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is relatively high, but the development of this technology depends greatly on scale and cost, including construction and operation costs. This technology usually uses a high-temperature liquid heat storage medium (such as molten salt) to absorb, transmit and store thermal energy. In order to keep the heat storage medium in the system circulated normally, a large amount of investment is required for the manufacture, maintenance and operation of its circulation system. Under the existing technology, the construction and operation costs of this system are relatively high, and it is mainly suitable for large-scale power generation far away from residential or factory areas, and cannot be directly installed in people's living or working areas, such as roofs and factory roofs, like solar panels. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy, which stores solar energy in the form of high-temperature thermal energy in a heat storage medium placed in a heat-insulating container and takes it out for use whenever it is needed. The system has low production cost, high efficiency and is easy to implement. Because the stored thermal energy is high-temperature thermal energy and is easy to take out, the thermal energy can be used for cooking food, heating, hot water, producing steam to generate electricity, disinfection, cleaning and many other applications. The system is also easy to expand to meet various working conditions and can be applied to living or working areas, or large-scale solar power plants, thereby maximizing the use of solar energy.

[0007] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy, comprising:

[0009] An automatic tracking and concentrating device capable of tracking the sun and concentrating light;

[0010] An outdoor heating heat collecting device, which is arranged above the automatic tracking and concentrating device and is capable of converting and absorbing the heat energy of the sunlight collected by the automatic tracking and concentrating device to heat a heat storage medium;

[0011] A heat storage device capable of storing the high-temperature heat storage medium heated by the outdoor heating collector;

[0012] a heat storage medium transmission device, the heat storage medium transmission device being connected to the outdoor heating heat collection device and the heat storage device, the heat storage medium transmission device transferring the heat storage medium heated in the outdoor heating heat collection device to the heat storage device for storage, and transferring the heat storage medium cooled after heat exchange released from the heat application device to the outdoor heating heat collection device for reheating;

[0013] a heat application device connected to the heat storage device to apply the heat energy of the heat storage medium;

[0014] The spherical heat storage medium is used to absorb and store solar energy and release heat energy for use by a heat application device when needed. The spherical structure enables the heat storage medium to be transported in the heat storage medium transport device.

[0015] A control device is connected to the automatic tracking and focusing device, the outdoor heating and heat collecting device, the heat storage medium transmission device, the heat storage device and the heat application device.

[0016] Preferably, the automatic tracking and focusing device comprises:

[0017] A parabolic reflective condenser and two hanging plates with holes connected to the bottom of the parabolic reflective condenser, wherein the center line of the two holes on the hanging plates is a rotation axis of the parabolic reflective condenser located on a horizontal plane;

[0018] A Y-shaped bracket and two sections of metal pipes connected to its two arms, one section is a transfer section of a feed pipe, and the other section is a transfer section of a discharge pipe, the feed pipe transfer section includes a horizontal section and a curved section, the discharge pipe transfer section includes a horizontal section, a vertical section and a connecting section, the horizontal sections of the two sections of the metal pipes respectively pass through a hole on the hanging plate, sleeves are connected to the ends of the horizontal sections of the feed pipe transfer section and the discharge pipe transfer section, the sleeves can rotate freely around the pipes, and take the axis in the horizontal plane of the parabolic reflective condenser as the axis, sleeves are connected to the ends of the curved section of the feed pipe transfer section and the vertical section of the discharge pipe transfer section, and the sleeves take the axis of the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket as the axis;

[0019] A vertical motion assembly, comprising a connecting rod connected to the parabolic reflective condenser, a connecting rod connected to the Y-shaped bracket, and a vertical electric telescopic rod, one end of the vertical electric telescopic rod is hinged to the connecting rod on the parabolic reflective condenser, and the other end is hinged to the connecting rod on the Y-shaped bracket, and the vertical motion assembly can drive the parabolic reflective condenser to rotate around a rotation axis located in a horizontal plane;

[0020] A support and a bearing placed thereon, in which the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket is placed and can rotate around itself;

[0021] A horizontal motion assembly includes a vertical rod connected to a support and parallel to the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket, a horizontal electric telescopic rod, a linear gear, and a gear passing through and connected to the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket, the linear gear being meshed with the gear, one end of the horizontal electric telescopic rod being connected to one end of the linear gear, and the other end being connected to the second vertical rod, the horizontal electric telescopic rod and the linear gear being in a horizontal plane, and the horizontal motion assembly being capable of driving the parabolic reflection condenser to rotate around the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket.

[0022] Preferably, the automatic tracking and focusing device is connected to the sunlight detector, tracking controller and power supply of the control device, the sunlight detector is connected to the parabolic reflection focusing cover to monitor the intensity of the sunlight in real time, the sunlight detector is connected to the tracking controller, the tracking controller controls the vertical electric telescopic rod and the horizontal electric telescopic rod, and the power supply is connected to the tracking controller to provide power for the tracking controller.

[0023] Preferably, the outdoor heating collector device comprises:

[0024] A heat preservation heating furnace, which is arranged at the focusing point of the automatic tracking focusing device;

[0025] A high temperature resistant metal cage is arranged in the heat preservation heating furnace, and the heat storage medium can be transferred into or out of the high temperature resistant metal cage through a transmission device;

[0026] A high temperature resistant glass cover is arranged at the bottom of the heat preservation heating furnace. The sunlight gathered upward by the automatic tracking and focusing device can pass through the glass cover into the heat preservation heating furnace and heat the heat storage medium placed in the high temperature resistant metal cage.

[0027] The heat storage device comprises a high temperature resistant heat preservation container and a spiral tube with a certain inclination angle for storing a spherical heat storage medium. An outlet switch of the heat storage device is installed at the lowest point of the spiral tube to control the outflow of the heat storage medium to the heat application device. An inlet switch of the heat storage device is installed at the upper part of the heat storage device to control the flow of the heat storage medium into the heat storage device. The inlet and outlet switches of the heat storage device are both made of heat insulation materials to reduce heat loss.

[0028] A heat storage medium transport device is used to transport the heat storage medium from the outlet of the high temperature resistant metal cage to the inlet of the heat storage device, and to transport the heat storage medium from the outlet of the heat application device to the inlet of the high temperature resistant metal cage.

[0029] Preferably, the heat storage medium transmission device includes an inlet switch of a heating heat collection device, an outlet switch of a heating heat collection device, an inlet switch of a heat storage device, an outlet switch of a heat storage device, an inlet switch of a heat application device, an outlet switch of a heat application device, a feed control device, a first lifting device, a second lifting device, a feed transmission pipeline and a discharge transmission pipeline;

[0030] The inlet switch of the heating and heat collecting device is placed at the end of the feed transmission pipeline and the beginning of the high temperature resistant metal cage, and the outlet switch of the heating and heat collecting device is placed at the beginning of the discharge transmission pipeline and the end of the high temperature resistant metal cage.

[0031] The heat storage device inlet switch is placed at the end of the discharge transmission pipeline, and the heat storage device outlet switch is placed between the heat storage device and the heat application device and is higher than the heat application device.

[0032] The heat application device inlet switch is connected to the heat storage device outlet switch, and the heat application device outlet switch is placed at the bottom of the heat application device and is higher than the feed control device.

[0033] The feed control device includes two electromagnet telescopic bolts, which are arranged on the metal pipe at the starting end of the discharge transmission pipeline and are located between the application device and the first lifting device.

[0034] Preferably, the first lifting device comprises:

[0035] A first stepper motor, a first screw rod, a first guide rail, a first slider and a first transfer cylinder, wherein the first slider is coupled to the first screw rod and connected to the first guide rail, and the first screw rod is connected to the first stepper motor and driven to rotate thereby.

[0036] The first lifting device is connected to the heat storage device via a first connecting member.

[0037] Preferably, the second lifting device comprises:

[0038] A second stepper motor, a second screw rod, a second guide rail, a second slider and a second transfer cylinder, wherein the second slider is coupled to the second screw rod and connected to the second guide rail, and the second screw rod is connected to the second stepper motor and driven to rotate thereby.

[0039] The first lifting device is connected to the parabolic reflective condenser through a connecting piece.

[0040] The feed transmission pipeline includes an upper layer feed pipeline, a middle layer feed pipeline and a lower layer feed pipeline;

[0041] The upper feed pipeline is placed between the first lifting device and the heating heat collecting device, providing a channel for the heat storage medium to be transferred from the transfer cylinder of the first lifting device to the heating heat collecting device;

[0042] The middle-layer feed pipe is placed between the first lifting device and the second lifting device, providing a channel for the heat storage medium to be transferred from the second transfer cylinder of the second lifting device to the first transfer cylinder of the first lifting device;

[0043] Preferably, the middle-layer feed pipe comprises a feed pipe release section, a feed pipe transfer section, a feed pipe collection section, a first vertical sleeve and a first horizontal sleeve;

[0044] The feed pipe release section and the feed pipe transfer section are connected and tangent to the first vertical surface sleeve, and form a smooth surface in the pipe for the spherical heat storage medium to flow. The feed pipe release section and the feed pipe transfer section can rotate freely in the sleeve at the connection point, and the first vertical surface sleeve and the vertical bracket of the Y-shaped bracket are coaxial;

[0045] The feed pipe collecting section and the feed pipe transfer section are connected and tangent to the first horizontal sleeve, and a smooth surface is formed in the pipe for the heat storage medium ball to flow. The feed pipe collecting section and the feed pipe transfer section can rotate freely at the connection. The first horizontal sleeve takes the rotation axis of the parabolic reflective condenser in the horizontal plane as the axis;

[0046] The lower feed pipeline is placed between the second lifting device and the heat application device, providing a channel for the heat storage medium to be transferred from the heat application device to the second transfer cylinder of the second lifting device. The feed control device is placed on the lower feed pipeline.

[0047] Preferably, the discharge pipe comprises a discharge pipe release section, a discharge pipe transfer section, a discharge pipe collection section, a second vertical sleeve and a second horizontal sleeve;

[0048] One end of the release section of the discharge pipe is connected to the heating and heat collection outlet switch;

[0049] The discharge pipe release section and the discharge pipe transfer section are connected and tangent to the second horizontal plane sleeve, and a smooth surface is formed in the pipe for the heat storage medium ball to flow. The discharge pipe release section and the discharge pipe transfer section can rotate freely at the sleeve connection. The second horizontal plane sleeve takes the rotation axis of the parabolic reflective condenser in the horizontal plane as the axis;

[0050] The discharge pipe collecting section and the discharge pipe transfer section are connected and tangent to the second vertical surface sleeve, and form a smooth surface in the pipe for the heat storage medium ball to flow. The discharge pipe collecting section and the discharge pipe transfer section can rotate freely at the connection. The second vertical surface sleeve and the vertical bracket of the Y-shaped bracket are coaxial. The other end of the discharge pipe collecting section is connected to the inlet switch of the heat storage device.

[0051] Preferably, the low position of the second transfer cylinder of the second lifting device needs to be lower than the outlet of the heat application device, the high position of the second transfer cylinder of the second lifting device needs to be higher than the low position of the first transfer cylinder of the first lifting device, and the high position of the first transfer cylinder of the first lifting device needs to be higher than the inlet of the heating collector device.

[0052] Preferably, the control device comprises:

[0053] Power supply, which is a multi-voltage DC power supply that can output required voltages such as 5V, 12V, 24V, etc.;

[0054] Solar detector and tracking controller - the tracking controller receives the signal from the solar detector and outputs current to the horizontal and vertical electric telescopic rods according to the signal to control their extension and retraction, thereby realizing the automatic tracking and focusing of the parabolic reflective concentrator on the sun;

[0055] A Mega 2560 Arduino single-chip microcomputer, which can issue instructions to control a stepper motor driver and other motors used in the heat storage medium transmission device connected to a relay according to the detected temperature after inputting a preset program, thereby controlling various electric switches in the heat storage medium transmission device to achieve automatic control;

[0056] A temperature detector installed on the wall of the heat preservation heating furnace to detect the temperature inside the furnace and transmit the temperature signal to the single chip microcomputer for system control;

[0057] A stepper motor and a driver, installed on the first and second lifting devices, for driving the first and second screw rods to drive the slider and the transfer cylinder connected thereto, the stepper motor being controlled by a signal sent by the single chip microcomputer;

[0058] The relay is connected to other electric switches installed in the heat storage medium transmission device and the single chip microcomputer, and receives signals sent by the single chip microcomputer to control the operation of each switch.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0060] The control device in the present invention controls each of the above devices and works automatically. The above automatic tracking and focusing device can track the sun in real time, accurately and automatically at all times, thereby providing a high-temperature heat source for heating. The outdoor heat preservation heating furnace can efficiently use the sunlight gathered by the automatic tracking and focusing device to heat the heat storage medium, and then transmit the heated high-temperature heat storage medium to the indoor or outdoor heat storage device through the transmission device. When there is a demand for heat energy, the user can use the heat application device to flexibly use the heat in the high-temperature spherical heat storage medium.

[0061] The solar energy utilization system disclosed in the present invention can effectively store the heat generated by solar energy in the form of high temperature (higher than 300 degrees Celsius) indoors or outdoors, and release the heat energy when the user needs it. The system has low production cost, high efficiency, and is easy to implement. When combined with corresponding heat application products, the system can be used for various purposes such as power generation, cooking food, producing hot water and steam, thereby realizing the maximum use of solar energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy in the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic tracking and focusing device in the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the heating and heat collecting device in the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat storage medium ball control switch in the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 It is a working schematic diagram of the feed control device in the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure and operation of the transfer cylinder in the present invention;

[0068] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a heat application device in the present invention;

[0069] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the control device in the present invention.

[0070] Among them: 1. parabolic reflective condenser; 2. first perforated support plate; 3. second perforated support plate; 4. first hanging hole; 5. second hanging hole; 6. Y-shaped bracket; 7. first connecting rod; 8. second connecting rod; 9. first hinge chain; 10. second hinge chain; 11. vertical electric telescopic rod; 12. feed pipe transfer section; 13. discharge pipe transfer section; 14. horizontal rotation axis; 16. first vertical sleeve; 17. second horizontal sleeve; 18. second vertical sleeve; 19. gear; 20. bearing; 21. bracket; 22. vertical rotation axis; 23. vertical rod; 24. third hinge chain; 25. horizontal electric telescopic rod; 26. linear gear; 27. first fixing piece; 28. metal cage; 29. ​​glass cover; 30, heating collector inlet switch; 31, heating collector outlet switch; 32, upper feed pipe; 33, discharge pipe; 34, ball inlet; 35, ball outlet; 36, first angle; 37, second angle; 38, third angle; 39, fourth angle; 40, heating bracket; 41, second fixing member; 42, first screw rod; 43, first guide rail; 44, first transfer cylinder; 45, first slider; 46, first stepper motor; 47, first transfer cylinder set high position; 48, second screw rod; 49, second guide rail; 50, second slider; 51, second stepper motor; 52, second transfer cylinder; 53, second transfer cylinder high position; 54, feed pipe release section; 55, feed pipe collection section; 5 6. Release section of discharge pipe; 57. Collection section of discharge pipe; 58. Third fixing piece; 59. Inlet switch of heat storage device; 60. Outlet switch of heat storage device; 61. Second high temperature resistant heat preservation container; 62. First ball storage device; 63. Fourth fixing piece; 64. Heat release surface heat preservation cover; 65. Feed control device; 66. Outlet switch of heat application device; 67. Electromagnetic telescopic device; 68. Telescopic core; 69. Insulation plug; 70. Ball hole; 71. Ball outlet hole; 72. Spring; 73. Contact arm stopper; 74. Contact arm; 75. Baffle; 76. Spring fixing piece; 77. Ball outlet control door; 79. Heat exchanger; 80. Low temperature water; 81. Hot water or steam; 82. Heat release surface; 83. Cooking container; 84. Heat application The bottom of the heat storage container with the device; 85, power supply; 86, solar light detector; 87, driver; 90, single chip microcomputer; 91, temperature sensor; 92, tracking controller; 93, relay; 100, automatic tracking and focusing device; 101, vertical motion component; 102, horizontal motion component; 200, heating and heat collection device; 201, first high temperature resistant heat preservation container; 202, heating device fixing sleeve; 300, high temperature heat storage device; 400, heat storage medium transmission device; 401, first lifting device; 402, second lifting device; 403, middle layer feeding pipeline; 404, discharge transmission pipeline; 405, lower layer feeding pipeline; 406, first electromagnetic switch; 407, second electromagnetic switch; 408, first horizontal sleeve;409, fifth fixing member; 410, sixth fixing member; 411, first spiral tube; 500, heat application device; 501, third high temperature resistant heat preservation container; 502, second ball storage device; 503, heat application device inlet switch; 600, spherical heat storage medium; 700, control device. ; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0072] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0074] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the positions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0075] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0076] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0077] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0078] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, a solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy is provided, which includes an automatic tracking and concentrating device 100, a heating and collecting device 200, a high-temperature heat storage device 300, a heat storage medium transmission device 400, a heat application device 500, a spherical heat storage medium 600 and a control device 700, wherein the automatic tracking and concentrating device 100 can track the sun and concentrate light. The heating and collecting device 200 is arranged at the focusing position above the automatic tracking and concentrating device 100, so that the concentrated sunlight can heat the spherical heat storage medium 600 placed in the heating and collecting device 200. The heat storage medium transmission device 400 is connected to the heating and collecting device 200 and the high-temperature heat storage device 300, and the heat storage medium transmission device 400 transfers the high-temperature spherical heat storage medium 600 heated in the heating and collecting device 200 to the high-temperature heat storage device 300 for storage. When needed, the high-temperature spherical heat storage medium 600 is released from the high-temperature heat storage device 300 to the heat application device 500 for heat exchange, and the stored heat energy is thus released and utilized.

[0079] The control device 700 is connected to the automatic tracking and focusing device 100, the heating and heat collecting device 200, the high-temperature heat storage device 300, the heat storage medium transmission device 400 and the heat application device 500. In this embodiment, the control device 700 controls the above-mentioned devices to work automatically. The above-mentioned automatic tracking and focusing device 100 can automatically and in real time track the sun at all times and efficiently focus the sunlight into the heating and heat collecting device 200 to provide a high-temperature heat source for heating the spherical heat storage medium 600 placed in the heating and heat collecting device 200. The working temperature in the high-temperature heat storage device 300 can be set by the control device 700. When the actual temperature in the high-temperature heat storage device 300 reaches the preset working temperature, the control device 700 controls the heat storage medium transmission device 400 to transmit the heated high-temperature spherical heat storage medium 600 to the high-temperature heat storage device 300 for storage. When it is needed, the control device 700 controls the high-temperature heat storage device 300 to release it to the high-temperature spherical heat storage medium 600 for use. After the spherical heat storage medium 600 releases heat and cools down, the control device 700 transfers the spherical heat storage medium 600 from the heat application device 500 and re-transports it to the high-temperature heat storage device 300 via the heat storage medium transmission device 400 for heating, thereby starting the next working cycle.

[0080] The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature heat energy in this embodiment can store the heat generated by solar energy in the form of high temperature (above 300 degrees Celsius) in an indoor or outdoor thermal insulation container and use it for various purposes when the user needs it, such as cooking food, generating electricity, heating, producing steam and hot water for laundry, cleaning, kitchen water, etc. The system has low generation cost, high efficiency, and is easy to implement, and can maximize the use of solar energy.

[0081] Preferably, the above-mentioned automatic tracking and focusing device 100 includes a parabolic reflective focusing cover 1 and a solar light detector 86 connected thereto, as well as a first perforated support plate 2 and a second perforated support plate 3 connected to the bottom thereof, a Y-shaped bracket 6 and a feed pipe transfer section 12 and a discharge pipe transfer section 13 connected to its two arms, a support 21 and a bearing 20 placed thereon, a vertical motion component 101, and a horizontal motion component 102.

[0082] In this embodiment, the first perforated support plate 2 and the second perforated support plate 3 are placed at the bottom of the parabolic reflective condenser 1 and are equidistantly spaced on both sides of the central axis. The first suspension hole 4 is located at the lower part of the first perforated support plate 2, and the second suspension hole 5 is located at the lower part of the second perforated support plate 3. The line connecting the centers of the two holes is the horizontal rotation axis 14 of the parabolic reflective condenser 1, which intersects with the central axis of the parabolic reflective condenser 1 and is slightly lower than the bottom surface of the parabolic reflective condenser 1. The metal feed pipe transfer section 12 and the discharge pipe transfer section 13 connected to the two arms of the Y-shaped bracket 6 pass through the first suspension hole 4 and the second suspension hole 5 respectively.

[0083] The feed pipe transfer section 12 includes a horizontal section and a curved section. One end of the horizontal section passes through the first suspension hole 4, and the end of the curved section is located on the extension line of the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket and is tangent thereto. The discharge pipe transfer section 13 includes a horizontal section, a vertical section and a connecting section. One end of the horizontal section passes through the second suspension hole 5, and the vertical section is located on the extension line of the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket. The connecting section connects the horizontal section and the vertical section. The feed pipe transfer section 12 is connected to the end of one arm of the Y-shaped bracket, and the discharge pipe transfer section 13 is connected to the end of the other arm of the Y-shaped bracket. The feed pipe transfer section 12 and the discharge pipe transfer section 13 are connected by a first fixing member 27. The inner walls of the feed pipe transfer section 12 and the discharge pipe transfer section 13 are smooth, and the spherical heat storage medium 600 can roll freely in the feed pipe transfer section 12 and the discharge pipe transfer section 13.

[0084] The support 21 in this embodiment is a tripod support installed on a horizontal plane. A bearing 20 with the support vertical axis as a rotation axis is provided at the top of the support. The support 21 can also be a multi-leg support or other forms of support.

[0085] The vertical motion assembly 101 includes a first connecting rod 7 connected to the parabolic reflective condenser 1, a second connecting rod 8 connected to the Y-shaped bracket 6, and a vertical electric telescopic rod 11. The first connecting rod 7 and one end of the vertical electric telescopic rod 11 are hinged to a first hinge joint 9, and the second connecting rod 8 and the other end of the vertical electric telescopic rod 11 are hinged to a second hinge joint 10. By adjusting the position and length of the first connecting rod 7 and the second connecting rod 8 and using a vertical electric telescopic rod 11 of a certain size, the vertical motion assembly 101 can make the parabolic reflective condenser 1 rotate between 0-90 degrees around the horizontal rotation axis 14.

[0086] The horizontal motion assembly 102 includes a vertical rod 23 connected to one foot of the bracket 21, a gear 19 passing through and fixed to the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket 6, a linear gear 26 meshing with the gear 19, and a horizontal electric telescopic rod 25. One end of the vertical rod 23 and one end of the horizontal electric telescopic rod 25 are hinged to the third hinge 24, and the other end of the horizontal electric telescopic rod 25 is fixedly connected to one end of the linear gear 26. The horizontal electric telescopic rod 25, the linear gear 26 and the gear 19 are located in the same horizontal plane. The effective working length of the linear gear 26 is greater than half of the circumference of the gear 19. Therefore, when the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket 6 is placed in the bearing 20, the extension and contraction of the horizontal electric telescopic rod 25 can drive the parabolic reflective condenser 1 to rotate 0-180 degrees in the horizontal plane.

[0087] Preferably, the automatic tracking and focusing device 100 also includes a sunlight detector 86, a tracking controller 92 and a power supply 85 connected to the control device 700. The sunlight detector 86 is connected to the parabolic reflection focusing cover 1 to monitor the intensity of sunlight in real time. The sunlight detector 86 is connected to the tracking controller 92. The tracking controller 92 controls the vertical electric telescopic rod 11 and the horizontal electric telescopic rod 25. The power supply 85 is connected to the tracking controller 92 to provide power for the tracking controller 92 to operate.

[0088] Preferably, the sunlight detector 86 is installed on the top of the parabolic reflective concentrator 1, and the signal line is connected to the tracking controller 92, and the output current signal of the tracking controller 92 is connected to the vertical electric telescopic rod 11 and the horizontal electric telescopic rod 25 respectively.

[0089] In this embodiment, the power supply 85 is a multi-voltage output DC power supply that can output 5V, 12V, 24V or other required voltages.

[0090] Preferably, the above-mentioned heating and heat collecting device 200 includes a first high temperature resistant heat preservation container 201 arranged at the focusing focus on the automatic tracking and focusing device 100, and a high temperature resistant metal cage 28 arranged in the first high temperature resistant heat preservation container 201, and a glass cover 29 arranged at the bottom of the first high temperature resistant heat preservation container 201. The sunlight converged upward by the automatic tracking and focusing device 100 can enter the first high temperature resistant heat preservation container 201 through the glass cover 29 and heat the spherical heat storage medium 600 in the high temperature resistant metal cage 28; one end of the high temperature resistant metal cage 28 is connected to the inlet switch 30 of the heating and heat collecting device, and the other end is connected to the outlet switch 31 of the heating and heat collecting device.

[0091] In this embodiment, the sunlight collected from the automatic tracking and focusing device 1 can directly irradiate the spherical heat storage medium 600 placed in the high temperature resistant metal cage 28. Compared with the metal tube, the spherical heat storage medium 600 in the metal cage can be heated faster and more effectively. In order to reduce heat loss, a glass cover 29 is set at the bottom of the first high temperature resistant heat preservation container 201, and the inlet and outlet switches of the heating and heat collection device are sealed and insulated, and the insulation plug is made of an insulating material.

[0092] Preferably, the glass cover 29 is a double-layer vacuum transparent high-temperature resistant glass cover.

[0093] Preferably, a heat insulating layer is provided on the top and the outer wall of the side wall of the first high temperature resistant heat preservation container 201 .

[0094] Preferably, the heating and heat collecting device 200 further includes a temperature sensor 91 , which is connected to the control device 700 to monitor the temperature in the first high temperature resistant heat preservation container 201 in real time.

[0095] Preferably, the heating and heat collecting device 200 also includes a heating bracket 40 and a heating device fixing sleeve 202, the legs of the heating bracket 40 are arranged at the edge of the parabolic reflection concentrator 1, the heating device fixing sleeve 202 is arranged at the center of the heating bracket 40, the center of the heating device fixing sleeve 202 is located at the focus of the parabolic reflection concentrator 1, and the heating device fixing sleeve 202 is used to install the first high temperature resistant heat preservation container 201.

[0096] In this embodiment, the high-temperature heat storage device 300 includes a second high-temperature resistant heat preservation container 61 and a first ball storage device 62 placed therein, wherein the first ball storage device 62 is a spiral metal tube with a certain inclination angle, and is connected to the heat storage device inlet switch 59 at its highest point to control the flow of the spherical heat storage medium 600 into the high-temperature heat storage device 300, and is connected to the heat storage device outlet switch 60 at its lowest point to control the flow of the spherical heat storage medium 600 out of the heat application device 500. The design of the spiral metal tube enables the spherical heat storage medium 600 to automatically flow to the heat application device 500 by its own gravity when the heat storage device outlet switch 60 is opened, and the heat storage device inlet and outlet switches are both insulated to reduce heat loss.

[0097] In this embodiment, the heat application device 500 includes a third high temperature resistant heat preservation container 501 and a second ball storage device 502 therein, a heat release surface 82 and a heat release surface heat preservation cover 64, and a heat exchanger 79. The second ball storage device 502 is a spiral metal tube with a certain inclination angle, and is connected to a heat application device inlet switch 503 at its highest point to control the flow of the spherical heat storage medium 600 into the second ball storage device 502, and is connected to a heat application device outlet switch 66 at its lowest point to control the flow of the spherical heat storage medium 600 out to the heat storage medium. The lower section of the mass transfer device is controlled, and the spiral metal tube design enables the spherical heat storage medium 600 to automatically flow into the lower section of the heat storage medium transfer device by its own gravity when the outlet switch 66 of the heat application device is opened; a cooking container 83 can be placed on the heat release surface 82 for cooking, and when not in use, a heat release surface insulation cover 64 is placed to prevent and reduce heat loss; when cold water is passed into one end of the heat exchanger 79, high-temperature hot water or steam can be collected at the other end thereof; the heat application device and the outlet switch are both subjected to heat preservation and insulation treatment to reduce heat loss.

[0098] In this embodiment, the heat storage medium transmission device 400 is connected between the heating heat collection device 200 and the high-temperature heat storage device 300. The heat storage medium transmission device 400 transfers the spherical heat storage medium 600 heated in the heating heat collection device 200 to the high-temperature heat storage device 300 for storage, and transfers the spherical heat storage medium 600 released from the heat application device 500 and cooled after completing heat exchange to the heating heat collection device 200 for reheating.

[0099] Preferably, the heat storage medium transmission device 400 includes a heating heat collection device inlet switch 30, a heating heat collection device outlet switch 31, a heat storage device inlet switch 59, a heat storage device outlet switch 60, a heat application device inlet switch 503, a heat application device outlet switch 66, a feed control device 65, a first lifting device 401, a second lifting device 402, a feed transmission pipeline (an upper layer feed pipeline 32, a middle layer feed pipeline 403 and a lower layer feed pipeline 405) and a discharge transmission pipeline 404;

[0100] Preferably, the inlet switch 30 of the heating heat collector comprises an electromagnetic telescopic device 67, a telescopic core 68 and an insulating plug 69. The insulating plug 69 is connected to the end of the telescopic core 68. When the electromagnetic telescopic device 67 is not powered on, the telescopic core 68 is in an extended position, and the connected insulating plug 69 is in a position to block the heat storage medium ball from entering the metal cage 28. The insulating plug 69 can be in close contact with the metal cage inlet and can prevent the heat energy from dissipating. When powered on, the electromagnetic telescopic device 67 drives the telescopic core 68 to shorten and drives the insulating plug 69 to move out of the blocking position, so that the spherical heat storage medium 600 can flow into the metal cage 28 of the heating heat collector 200 to be heated. The outlet switch 31 of the heating heat collector, the inlet switch 59 of the heat storage device, the outlet switch 60 of the heat storage device, the inlet switch 503 of the heat application device and the outlet switch 66 of the heat application device all adopt a design similar to the inlet switch 30 of the heating heat collector.

[0101] In this embodiment, the feed control device 65 includes a first electromagnetic switch 406, a second electromagnetic switch 407 and a lower feed pipe 405 with a certain slope, and the distance between the two electromagnetic switches is the diameter of a heat storage medium ball. The slope of the lower feed pipe 405 can ensure that the spherical heat storage medium 600 located therein can roll freely by gravity, and the slope can be between 10-30 degrees. As shown in the figure, when waiting to release the spherical heat storage medium 600, the first electromagnetic switch 406 is in an extended state, and its telescopic core can just prevent the released spherical heat storage medium 600 from rolling in the lower feeding pipe 405, and the second electromagnetic switch 407 is in a shortened state, and its telescopic core can just not prevent the released spherical heat storage medium 600 from rolling in the lower feeding pipe 405. When the spherical heat storage medium 600 needs to be released, the first electromagnetic switch 406 becomes a shortened state, and its telescopic core can just not prevent the released spherical heat storage medium 600 from rolling in the lower feeding pipe 405, and at the same time, the second electromagnetic switch 407 becomes an extended state, and its telescopic core can just prevent the spherical heat storage medium 600 from rolling in the lower feeding pipe 405. The heat medium 600 rolls in the lower feeding pipe 405, so a spherical heat storage medium 600 between the first electromagnetic switch 406 and the second electromagnetic switch 407 can flow out of the feeding control device 65 and enter the second lifting device 402, and then, the first electromagnetic switch 406 changes to an extended state, and the second electromagnetic switch 407 changes to a shortened state, so that a spherical heat storage medium 600 can flow into the space between the first electromagnetic switch 406 and the second electromagnetic switch 407, waiting to be released; the control system can control the number of times the state of the first electromagnetic switch 406 and the second electromagnetic switch 407 changes according to the number of spherical heat storage media 600 that need to be released each time.

[0102] In other embodiments, the distance between the two electromagnetic switches may also be the diameter of several spherical heat storage media, depending on the number of spherical heat storage media that can be transferred at one time set by the heat storage medium transmission device 400. The maximum distance between the two electromagnetic switches may be set to be several times the diameter of the spherical heat storage medium.

[0103] In this embodiment, the first lifting device 401 includes a first stepper motor 46, a first screw rod 42, a first guide rail 43, a first slider 45 and a first transfer cylinder 44, the first slider 45 is coupled with the first screw rod 42 and the first guide rail 43, the first screw rod 42 is connected with the first stepper motor 46 and driven to rotate; when the first stepper motor 46 rotates in one direction, it drives the first screw rod 42 to rotate in one direction and drives the first transfer cylinder 44 coupled thereto to move upward along the first guide rail 43, and when the first stepper motor 46 rotates in the other direction, it can drive the first transfer cylinder 44 to move downward along the first guide rail 43;

[0104] Optimally, the first transfer cylinder 44 is a metal cylindrical cylinder that is closed on both the upper and lower sides, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the spherical heat storage medium 600. Its inner bottom surface is an inclined surface with an inclination angle of 10-20 degrees. A ball outlet hole 71 is opened on the cylindrical cylinder wall at the lowest point of the inclined surface, and a goal hole 70 is opened on the cylinder wall just above it and slightly lower than the top surface of the cylindrical cylinder. The spherical heat storage medium 600 can enter the first transfer cylinder 44 from the goal hole 70, and can also flow out of the first transfer cylinder 44 from the ball outlet hole 71; the switch of the ball outlet hole 71 is controlled by the ball outlet hole control door 77, and the ball outlet hole control door 77 is a curved metal plate with a shape similar to that of the outer wall of the first transfer cylinder 44 , its height can just cover the ball outlet hole 71, the contact rod 74 connected to the ball outlet hole control door 77 passes through the hole on the spring fixing member 76 connected to the first transfer cylinder 44 and can slide freely in the hole, and a contact rod stopper 73 is provided on the contact rod 74 below the spring fixing member 76, which is used to limit the highest upward movement position of the contact rod 74. When the contact rod stopper 73 contacts the spring fixing member 76, the contact rod 74 reaches the highest upward movement position. At this time, the ball outlet hole control door 77 just covers the ball outlet hole 71, one end of the spring 72 is fixed to the spring fixing member 76, and the other end is fixed to the contact rod 74 close to the ball outlet hole 71. At the ball outlet control door 77, the initial length of the spring 72 is less than the distance between the two fixed ends, so that the spring 72 is in a stretched state after being fixed, and the tension in the spring 72 and the contact rod stopper 73 work together to enable the ball outlet control door 77 to stably cover the ball outlet 71, thereby preventing the spherical heat storage medium 600 in the first transfer cylinder 44 from flowing out; when the first stepper motor 46 rotates and drives the first transfer cylinder 44 to move upward to the first transfer cylinder set high position 47, the baffle 75 connected to the guide rail 43 contacts and blocks the contact rod 74, so that the ball outlet control door 77 connected thereto will not be able to continue to rise, and the control device 700 The first stepper motor 46 is controlled to continue to run upward for a distance equal to the height of the ball outlet hole 71. At this time, the ball outlet hole 71 will no longer be blocked by the ball outlet hole control door 77, so that the spherical heat storage medium 600 in the first transfer cylinder 44 can flow out from the ball outlet hole 71, and the spring 72 is further stretched. When the first stepper motor 46 rotates in the opposite direction and drives the first transfer cylinder 44 to move downward and disengage from the first transfer cylinder set high position 47, the contact rod 74 disengages from the baffle 75, and because of the tension in the spring 72, the ball outlet hole control door 77 covers the ball outlet hole 71 again, which can prevent the spherical heat storage medium 600 in the first transfer cylinder 44 from flowing out of the ball outlet hole 71.

[0105] In this embodiment, the height of the first transfer cylinder 44 is 4.5 times the diameter of the spherical heat storage medium 600, so it can accommodate 4 spherical heat storage media 600. In other embodiments, the height of the first transfer cylinder 44 can be determined according to the number of spherical heat storage media 600 that need to be transferred each time.

[0106] In this embodiment, the first lifting device 401 is fixed to the edge of the parabolic reflective condenser 1 by the second fixing member 41 , and the first guide rail 43 of the first lifting device 401 is parallel to the central axis of the parabolic reflective condenser 1 .

[0107] In this embodiment, the second lifting device 402 adopts the same design principle as the first lifting device 401. The second lifting device 402 is fixed to the high-temperature heat storage device 300 by the fourth fixing member 63, and the second guide rail 49 of the second lifting device 402 is in a vertical position.

[0108] The upper feed pipe 32 is placed between the first lifting device 401 and the heating and heat collecting device 200, providing a channel for the spherical heat storage medium 600 to be transferred from the first transfer cylinder 44 of the first lifting device 401 to the heating and heat collecting device 200. The higher end of the upper feed pipe 32 is flush with the ball outlet hole 71 of the first transfer cylinder 44 when the first transfer cylinder is at the high position 47 set for the first transfer cylinder, and the lower end of the upper feed pipe 32 is connected to the inlet switch 30 of the heating and heat collecting device.

[0109] The middle-layer feed pipe 403 is placed between the first lifting device 401 and the second lifting device 402, and provides a channel for the spherical heat storage medium 600 to be transferred from the second transfer cylinder 52 of the second lifting device 402 to the first transfer cylinder 44 of the first lifting device 401;

[0110] Preferably, the middle-layer feed pipe 403 includes a feed pipe release section 54, a feed pipe transfer section 12, a feed pipe collection section 55, a first vertical sleeve 16 and a first horizontal sleeve 408;

[0111] The feed pipe release section 54 and the feed pipe transfer section 12 are connected and tangent to the first vertical surface sleeve 16, and a smooth surface is formed in the pipe for the spherical heat storage medium 600 to roll. The feed pipe release section 54 and the feed pipe transfer section 12 can rotate freely in the first vertical surface sleeve 16 at the connection point. The first vertical surface sleeve 16 and the vertical bracket of the Y-shaped bracket 6 are coaxial;

[0112] The feed pipe collecting section 55 and the feed pipe transfer section 12 are connected and tangent to the first horizontal sleeve 408, and a smooth surface is formed in the pipe for the heat storage medium ball 600 to roll. The feed pipe collecting section 55 is connected to the parabolic reflective concentrator 1 by the fifth fixing member 409. The first horizontal sleeve 408 takes the rotation axis 14 of the parabolic reflective concentrator 1 in the horizontal plane as the axis.

[0113] The lower layer feed pipeline 405 is placed between the second lifting device 402 and the heat application device 500, providing a channel for the spherical heat storage medium 600 to be transferred from the heat application device 500 to the second transfer cylinder 52 of the second lifting device 402. The feed control device 65 is placed on the lower layer feed pipeline 405. The lower layer feed pipeline 405 has an inclination angle, and its lower end is flush with the ball hole when the second transfer cylinder 52 is in a low position, and the high end is connected to the heat application device outlet switch 66, so that the spherical heat storage medium 600 released from the heat application device 500 can roll toward the second transfer cylinder 52 under the action of gravity. The lower layer feed pipeline 405 has a first spiral tube 411 between the heat application device outlet switch 66 and the feed control device 65, which can store all the spherical heat storage media 600 released from the heat application device 500.

[0114] Preferably, the discharge pipe 33 includes a discharge release section 56, a discharge pipe transfer section 13, a discharge pipe collection section 57, a second vertical sleeve 18 and a second horizontal sleeve 17;

[0115] One end of the discharge pipe release section 56 is connected to the outlet switch 31 of the heating and heat collecting device and is connected to the edge of the parabolic reflective condenser 1 through the sixth fixing member 410;

[0116] The discharge pipe release section 56 and the discharge pipe transfer section 13 are connected and tangent to the second vertical sleeve 18, and a smooth surface is formed in the pipe for the spherical heat storage medium 600 to roll. The discharge pipe release section 56 and the discharge pipe transfer section 13 can rotate freely in the second horizontal sleeve 17. The second horizontal sleeve 17 takes the rotation axis 14 of the parabolic reflective concentrator 1 in the horizontal plane as the axis;

[0117] The discharge pipe collecting section 57 and the discharge pipe transfer section 13 are connected and tangent to the second vertical surface sleeve 18, and a smooth surface is formed in the pipe for the spherical heat storage medium 600 to roll. The second vertical surface sleeve 18 and the vertical bracket of the Y-shaped bracket 6 are coaxial. The discharge pipe collecting section 57 and the discharge pipe transfer section 13 can rotate freely around the vertical rotation axis 22 in the second vertical surface sleeve 18. The discharge pipe collecting section 57 and the feed pipe release section 54 are connected by a third fixing member 58. The other end of the discharge pipe collecting section 57 is connected to the inlet switch 59 of the heat storage device. Each section of the discharge pipe has a downward slope, so that the spherical heat storage medium 600 released from the outlet switch 31 of the heating collector device can automatically roll into the high-temperature heat storage device 300 by gravity.

[0118] Preferably, the low position of the second transfer cylinder of the second lifting device 402 needs to be lower than the outlet 66 of the heat application device, the second transfer cylinder high position 53 of the second transfer cylinder 52 of the second lifting device 402 needs to be higher than the low position of the first transfer cylinder 44 of the first lifting device 401, and the first transfer cylinder set high position 47 of the first transfer cylinder 44 of the first lifting device 401 needs to be higher than the inlet switch 30 of the heating collector device.

[0119] In this embodiment, the spherical heat storage medium 600 is any spherical object that can maintain a spherical shape within a working temperature range and can roll in a pipe without breaking due to gravity and can store heat, and can be made of metal or non-metal.

[0120] In this embodiment, the system is installed in the northern hemisphere. When the system is running, the second lifting device 402, the high-temperature heat storage device 300, the heat application device 500, the lower feed pipe 405, the discharge pipe collection section 57, the feed pipe release section 54 and the bracket 21 do not move as a whole relative to the ground. The Y-shaped bracket 6 and all the components connected thereto can rotate in the bearing 20 around the vertical axis 22 with the Y-shaped bracket 6, wherein the parabolic reflector condenser 1 and the components connected thereto can also rotate around the horizontal axis 14. When the lower feed pipe 405 and the discharge pipe collection section 57 are installed in a position pointing to the south, and the vertical electric telescopic rod 11 is installed on the other side of the Y-shaped bracket 6, the system can work normally when the sun is in any position from east to west and the angle with the ground plane is 0-90 degrees. In other embodiments where the system is installed in the southern hemisphere, the system can make corresponding changes in the installation direction to achieve normal operation.

[0121] In this embodiment, the control device 700 includes a power supply 85 , a solar light detector 86 and a tracking controller 92 , a single chip microcomputer 90 , a temperature sensor 91 , a stepper motor driver 87 and a multi-channel output relay 93 .

[0122] The power supply 85 is a multi-voltage output DC power supply that can output required voltages such as 5V, 12V, 24V, etc.;

[0123] The tracking controller 92 receives the signal detected by the solar light detector 86, and outputs current to the horizontal electric telescopic rod 25 and the vertical electric telescopic rod 11 according to the signal to control their extension and retraction, thereby realizing the tracking and focusing of the parabolic reflective concentrator 1 on the sun;

[0124] The single-chip microcomputer 90 is a Mega 2560 Arduino single-chip microcomputer, which can control various components in the heat storage medium transmission device 400, such as a stepper motor driver, a relay, etc., according to the detected signal after inputting a preset program, so that the heat storage medium transmission device 400 can be automatically operated according to the preset program and standard.

[0125] A temperature sensor 91 is installed on the outer wall of the first high temperature resistant heat preservation container 201 to detect the temperature inside the container. The temperature signal will be transmitted to the single chip microcomputer 90 for system control;

[0126] A stepper motor driver 87, used to drive the first and second stepper motors, the stepper motor driver 87 is controlled by a signal sent by the single chip microcomputer 90;

[0127] The relay 93 is a multi-channel output relay, which receives the signal sent by the single chip computer 90, thereby controlling the state of each switch in the heat storage medium transmission device 400 and the transportation of the spherical heat storage medium 600.

[0128] The working steps of this system are as follows: 1. All low-temperature spherical heat storage media 600 are concentrated in the lower feeding pipeline 405 in front of the feeding control device 65, and each switch is in the closed state; 2. Start the system and set the parameters; 3. The heat storage medium transmission device 400 opens the feeding control device 65 to release a preset number of spherical heat storage media 600 from the lower feeding pipeline, and then closes the feeding control device 65; 4. The spherical heat storage medium 600 enters the second transfer cylinder 52 through the ball hole; 5. The heat storage medium transmission device 400 starts the second stepping motor 51 and drives the second screw rod 48; 6. The second slider 50 drives the second transfer cylinder 52 fixed thereon to move upward under the drive of the second screw rod 48; 7. The second transfer cylinder 52 is driven by the second screw rod 48; The transport cylinder 52 moves upward to the highest design point, i.e., the second transfer cylinder high position 53; 8. The ball outlet control door of the second transfer cylinder 52 opens to release the spherical heat storage medium 600 in the second transfer cylinder 52, and then the second transfer cylinder 52 descends and returns to its original position to wait for the next rise; 9. The spherical heat storage medium 600 flows through the feed pipe release section 54, the feed pipe transfer section 12, and the feed pipe collection section 55, and then enters the first transfer cylinder 44 through the ball hole 70; 10. The heat storage medium transmission device 400 starts the first stepper motor 46 to drive the first screw rod 42; 11. The first screw rod 42 drives the first slider 45 to drive the first transfer cylinder 44 to move upward; 12. The first transfer cylinder 44 moves upward to the highest design point, i.e., the first The transfer cylinder is set to a high position 47; 13. The first ball outlet control door 77 is opened to release the spherical heat storage medium 600, and then the first transfer cylinder 44 descends back to its original position to wait for the next rise; 14. The spherical heat storage medium 600 flows to the heating collector inlet switch 30 through the upper feed pipe 32; 15. After the heating collector inlet switch 30 is turned on, the spherical heat storage medium 600 enters the metal cage 28, and then the heating collector inlet switch 30 is closed; 16. The automatic tracking focusing device 100 automatically focuses and heats the spherical heat storage medium 600 in the heating collector; 17. The temperature sensor 91 transmits the temperature signal back to the single-chip microcomputer 90 in real time; 18. When the temperature reaches the designed working temperature, the single-chip microcomputer 90 sends a signal to increase The outlet switch 31 of the heat collector is turned on, and the spherical heat storage medium 600 in the metal cage 28 flows out, and then the outlet switch 31 of the heat collector is turned off; 19. The spherical heat storage medium 600 flows through the discharge pipe release section 56, the discharge pipe transfer section 13 and the discharge pipe collection section 57, and then enters the high-temperature heat storage device 300 for storage through the heat storage device inlet switch 59, and then the heat storage device inlet switch 59 is turned off; 20. When the stored high-temperature spherical heat storage medium 600 needs to be used, the heat storage device outlet switch 60 and the heat application device inlet switch 503 are turned on to release the required amount of high-temperature spherical heat storage medium 600 to the heat application device 500, and then the heat storage device outlet switch 60 and the heat application device inlet switch 503 are turned off;21. Use a heat exchanger or a cooking container to utilize the heat energy of the high-temperature spherical heat storage medium 600 in the heat application device 500, and the temperature of the heat storage medium ball 600 decreases; 22. When the temperature of the spherical heat storage medium 600 decreases to a preset temperature, open the heat application device outlet switch 66 to release the cooled spherical heat storage medium 600 to the lower layer feed pipe 405 to wait for reheating, and then close the outlet switch 66; 23. Repeat the above working cycle to allow the system to continue working. ;

[0129] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy, characterized in that: include: An automatic tracking and focusing device (100) capable of tracking the sun and focusing light; A heating heat collection device (200) is arranged above the automatic tracking light-collecting device (100) and is capable of absorbing heat energy of sunlight collected by the automatic tracking light-collecting device (100) to heat a spherical heat storage medium (600); A high-temperature heat storage device (300) capable of storing heat energy in the spherical heat storage medium (600) in a high-temperature state transferred from the heating and heat collection device (200), and capable of releasing the stored spherical heat storage medium (600) in a high-temperature state when needed; A heat storage medium transmission device (400) is connected to the heating heat collection device (200), the high-temperature heat storage device (300) and the heat application device (500), wherein the heat storage medium transmission device (400) transfers the spherical heat storage medium (600) heated in the heating heat collection device (200) to the high-temperature heat storage device (300) for thermal energy storage; A heat application device (500) connected to the high-temperature heat storage device (300) for applying the heat energy stored in the spherical heat storage medium (600); A spherical heat storage medium (600) which can be circulated to the heating and heat collection device (200), the high-temperature heat storage device (300) and the heat application device (500) via the heat storage medium transmission device (400) to absorb or release heat energy as required; A control device (700) is connected to the automatic tracking and focusing device (100), the heating and heat collecting device (200), the heat storage medium transmission device (400), the high-temperature heat storage device (300) and the heat application device (500).

2. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic tracking and focusing device (100) comprises: A parabolic reflective condenser (1) and a Y-shaped bracket (6) connected to the parabolic reflective condenser (1); A vertical motion assembly (101), one end of which is connected to the parabolic reflective condenser (1) and the other end of which is connected to the Y-shaped bracket (6), wherein the vertical motion assembly (101) is capable of driving the parabolic reflective condenser (1) to rotate horizontally around the Y-shaped bracket (6) perpendicular to its vertical rod; a gear (19) passing through and connected to the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket (6), wherein the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket (6) is capable of rotating around its own axis; A bracket (21) on which a bearing (20) is provided, the bearing bearing (20) being a rotation axis with the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket (6); The vertical rod (23), the horizontal electric telescopic rod (25) and the linear gear (26) are located in a horizontal plane; one end of the horizontal electric telescopic rod (25) is hinged to the vertical rod (23), and the other end is fixedly connected to the linear gear (26); one end of the vertical rod (23) is vertically fixedly connected to a foot of the bracket (21), and the linear gear (26) is meshed with the gear (19).

3. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical motion assembly (101) comprises a vertical electric telescopic rod (11), a first connecting rod (7) and a second connecting rod (8); one end of the vertical electric telescopic rod (11) is hinged to the first connecting rod (7), and the other end is hinged to the second connecting rod (8); one end of the first connecting rod (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the parabolic reflective condenser (1), and one end of the second connecting rod (8) is fixedly connected to the vertical rod of the Y-shaped bracket (6); the vertical electric telescopic rod (11) can be extended and retracted to drive the parabolic reflective condenser (1) to rotate horizontally around the Y-shaped bracket (6).

4. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The automatic tracking and focusing device (100) is connected to the sunlight detector (86), the tracking controller (92) and the power supply (85) of the control device (700); the sunlight detector (86) is connected to the parabolic reflective focusing cover (1) to monitor the intensity of the sunlight in real time; the sunlight detector (86) is connected to the tracking controller (92); the tracking controller (92) controls the vertical electric telescopic rod (11) and the horizontal electric telescopic rod (25); the power supply (85) is connected to the tracking controller (92) to provide power for the tracking controller (92) to operate.

5. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The heating and heat collecting device (200) comprises: A first high temperature resistant heat preservation container (201), which is arranged at the focusing point of the automatic tracking and focusing device (100); A metal cage (28) disposed in the first high temperature resistant heat preservation container (201); A glass cover (29) is arranged at the bottom of the first high-temperature resistant heat-insulating container (201), and the sunlight gathered upward by the automatic tracking and focusing device (100) can pass through the glass cover (29) into the first high-temperature resistant heat-insulating container (201) and heat the spherical heat storage medium (600) in the metal cage (28); The inlet of the metal cage (28) is connected to the inlet switch (30) of the heating and heat collecting device, and the outlet is connected to the outlet switch (31) of the heating and heat collecting device.

6. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat storage medium transmission device (400) comprises a heating heat collection device inlet switch (30), a heating heat collection device outlet switch (31), a heat storage device inlet switch (59), a heat storage device outlet switch (60), a heat application device inlet switch (503), a heat application device outlet switch (66), a feed control device (65), a first lifting device (401), a second lifting device (402), an upper layer feed pipeline (32), a middle layer feed pipeline (403), a lower layer feed pipeline (405) and a discharge transmission pipeline (404).

7. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The middle-layer feed pipeline (403) includes a feed pipeline release section (54), a feed pipeline transfer section (12), a feed pipeline collection section (55), a first vertical surface sleeve (16) and a first horizontal surface sleeve (408); the discharge transmission pipeline (404) includes a discharge release section (56), a discharge pipeline transfer section (13), a discharge pipeline collection section (57), a second vertical surface sleeve (18) and a second horizontal surface sleeve (17).

8. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The discharge pipe release section (56) and the discharge pipe transfer section (13) are connected and tangent to the second vertical sleeve (18), and a smooth surface is formed in the pipe for the spherical heat storage medium (600) to roll. The discharge pipe release section (56) and the discharge pipe transfer section (13) can rotate freely in the second horizontal sleeve (17). The second horizontal sleeve (17) is located at a horizontal rotation axis ( 14) is an axis; the feed pipe release section (54) and the feed pipe transfer section (12) are connected and tangent to the first vertical surface sleeve (16), and a smooth surface is formed in the pipe for the spherical heat storage medium (600) to roll; the feed pipe release section (54) and the feed pipe transfer section (12) can rotate freely in the first vertical surface sleeve (16) at the connection point, and the first vertical surface sleeve (16) and the vertical bracket of the Y-shaped bracket (6) are coaxial.

9. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vertical motion component (101) and the discharge pipe collecting section (57) are respectively located on both sides of the Y-shaped bracket (6).

10. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 6, characterized in that: At any position of the system operation, the spherical heat storage medium (600) can be transferred from the high position of the second lifting device (402) to the low position of the first lifting device (401) by its own gravity, and can also be transferred from the heating and heat collection device (200) to the high-temperature heat storage device (300).

11. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first lifting device (401) is fixed to the edge of the parabolic reflective condenser (1) by a second fixing member (41), and its first guide rail (43) is parallel to the central axis of the parabolic reflective condenser (1).

12. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first lifting device (401) includes a first stepper motor (46), a first screw rod (42), a first guide rail (43), a first slider (45) and a first transfer cylinder (44), wherein the first slider (45) is coupled to the first screw rod (42) and the first guide rail (43).

13. The solar energy utilization system for collecting and storing high-temperature thermal energy according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first transfer cylinder (44) is a metal cylindrical cylinder which is closed on both the upper and lower sides. Its inner diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the spherical heat storage medium (600). Its inner bottom surface is an inclined surface with an inclination angle of 10-20 degrees. A ball outlet hole (71) is opened on the cylindrical cylinder wall at the lowest point of the inclined surface. A ball inlet hole (70) is opened on the cylinder wall just above the inclined surface and slightly lower than the top surface of the cylindrical cylinder. The spherical heat storage medium (600) can enter the first transfer cylinder (44) from the ball outlet hole (70) and can also flow out of the first transfer cylinder (44) from the ball outlet hole (71).

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