Indirect heat exchange heat management system and method based on eight-way and five-way water valves

Abstract

The invention discloses an indirect heat exchange heat management system based on an eight-way water valve and a five-way water valve. The indirect heat exchange heat management system comprises a refrigerant loop, the eight-way water valve and the five-way water valve. The refrigerant loop is composed of a compressor, a water-cooling condenser, a liquid storage tank, a throttling expansion valve and a plate type evaporator, the output end of the compressor is connected with the refrigerant input end of the water-cooling condenser, and the refrigerant output end of the water-cooling condenser is connected with the refrigerant input end of the plate type evaporator after passing through the liquid storage tank and the throttling expansion valve; the refrigerant output end of the plate-type evaporator is connected with the input end of the compressor; the indirect heat exchange heat management system provided by the invention solves the problems of smooth switching of flow directions of secondary refrigerants in various modes and flow regulation and distribution; the functions are rich; the integrated design with a refrigerant valve terminal is small in size; the flow direction and the flow distribution of a secondary refrigerant can be adjusted through a rotary water valve so as to meet the loop functions of refrigeration, heating, dehumidification, battery heating, battery forced cooling, battery low-temperature heat dissipation, battery temperature balance self-circulation, waste heat recovery and the like; the heat management system is connected into a whole through the eight-way valve, energy of all loops can be effectively conveyed to a proper place, energy loss is reduced, and therefore the endurance mileage of a vehicle is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal management systems for new energy vehicles, and in particular to an indirect heat exchange thermal management system and method for new energy vehicles based on eight-way and five-way water valves. Background Art

[0002] At present, the thermal management system of new energy vehicles mainly uses R134a and R1234yf as refrigerants. The ODP value of R134a is 0, but the GWP value is 1300; the ODP value of R1234yf is 0, and the GWP value is 4, but this refrigerant is very expensive and not easy to popularize; R134a will be gradually replaced by the Kigalili Amendment, and the current alternative refrigerants are mainly R744 and R290. The ODP value of R744 is 0 and the GWP value is 1. The ODP value of R290 is 0 and the GWP value is 3.3. Since the operating pressure of the R744 system is relatively high, the requirements for each component of the system are high, and the research and development are difficult, the system using R290 is relatively easier to implement on new energy vehicles, but R290 also has the disadvantage that it is easy to burn and explode, and the filling amount needs to be controlled within a certain range. Existing automotive R290 systems generally use refrigerant for secondary heat exchange, but the refrigerant system is relatively complex and has a single function. The present invention uses an eight-way water valve and a water valve to solve the smooth switching between various modes, integrated with the refrigerant valve island, rich in functions and small in size, and solves the switching of the refrigerant flow direction; flow regulation and distribution problems. The current R290 thermal management system has poor heating capacity at low temperatures, and usually requires the use of WPTC (water-heated positive temperature coefficient thermistor heating system) to increase the heating capacity;

[0003] In response to the above problems, the indirect heat exchange thermal management system proposed in the present invention solves the problems of smooth switching of the flow direction of the refrigerant in various modes, and the regulation and distribution of the flow rate; it is rich in functions; and its integrated design with the refrigerant valve island has a small volume; it can adjust the flow direction and flow distribution of the refrigerant by rotating the water valve to meet the circuit functions of refrigeration, heating, dehumidification, battery heating, battery forced cooling, battery low-temperature heat dissipation, battery temperature balanced self-circulation, and waste heat recovery; the thermal management system is connected into a whole through an eight-way valve, which can effectively transport the energy of each circuit to the appropriate place, reduce energy loss, and thus extend the vehicle's cruising range; the hot gas bypass cycle proposed in the present invention can increase the heating capacity under low-temperature conditions, and can meet heating needs without WPTC, which can reduce manufacturing costs and reduce carbon emissions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an indirect heat exchange thermal management system and method based on eight-way and five-way water valves to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application discloses an indirect heat exchange thermal management system based on eight-way and five-way water valves, comprising a refrigerant circuit, including an eight-way water valve and a five-way water valve;

[0007] The refrigerant circuit is composed of a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, a liquid storage tank, a throttling expansion valve and a plate evaporator. The output end of the compressor is connected to the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser. The refrigerant output end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the refrigerant input end of the plate evaporator after passing through the liquid storage tank and the throttling expansion valve. The refrigerant output end of the plate evaporator is connected to the input end of the compressor.

[0008] The eight-way water valve includes eight valve ports a to h, wherein the valve port a of the eight-way water valve is connected to the input end of the electric drive assembly, the valve port b is connected to the input end of the power battery, the valve port c is connected to the valve port h, the valve port d is connected to the input end of the air conditioning heating core, the valve port e is connected to the refrigerant output end of the water-cooled condenser, the valve port f is connected to the input end of the front radiator, the valve port g is connected to the refrigerant output end of the plate evaporator, and the valve port h is connected to the valve port c and the input end of the air conditioning refrigerator; the five-way water valve includes five valve ports 1, 2a, 2b, 3 and 4, wherein the valve port 1 of the five-way water valve is connected to the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser, the valve port 2a is connected to the output end of the power battery, the valve port 2b is connected to the output end of the air conditioning refrigerator, the valve port 3 is connected to the refrigerant input end of the plate evaporator, and the valve port 4 is connected to the output end of the electric drive assembly;

[0009] The output end of the front radiator is connected to the input end of the electric drive assembly; the output end of the air conditioning heater is connected to the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser;

[0010] The valve port a of the eight-way water valve forms passages with the valve ports b, c, d, e, g and h respectively; the valve port f forms passages with the valve ports g, h, b, c, d and e respectively; the valve port b forms passages with the valve ports a, c, d, e and f respectively; the valve port c forms passages with the valve ports a, b, d, e and f respectively; the valve port d forms passages with the valve ports a, b, c, e and f respectively; the valve port e forms passages with the valve ports a, b, c, d and f respectively; the valve port g forms passages with the valve ports h, a and f respectively; the valve port h forms passages with the valve ports a, f and g respectively;

[0011] The valve port 1 of the five-way water valve forms a passage with the valve ports 2a, 2b and 4 respectively; the valve port 2a forms a passage with the valve ports 1 and 3 respectively; the valve port 2b forms a passage with the valve ports 1 and 3 respectively; the valve port 3 forms a passage with the valve ports 2a, 2b and 4 respectively;

[0012] The refrigerant input end of the plate evaporator is provided with a refrigeration water pump; the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser is provided with a hot water pump; and the input end of the power battery is provided with a battery water pump.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a natural cooling method for an indirect heat exchange thermal management system based on an eight-way and five-way water valve, including an electric drive and electric control heat dissipation method, a battery module temperature balancing self-circulation method, and a battery low-temperature heat dissipation method.

[0014] The electric drive and electric control heat dissipation method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0015] A1. Open the passage between valve ports 4 and 3 of the five-way water valve, and open the passage between valve ports g and f of the eight-way water valve;

[0016] A2. After the vehicle is started, the refrigerant enters the electric drive assembly and absorbs heat, and then the temperature rises. Then, it enters the five-way water valve from the 4th valve port, flows out from the 3rd valve port, enters the cooling water pump, passes through the plate evaporator, and then flows into the fth valve port from the g valve port of the eight-way water valve. Then, it enters the front-end heat exchanger, releases heat to the atmosphere, and then the temperature drops, and then returns to the electric drive assembly.

[0017] The battery module temperature equalization self-circulation method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0018] B1. Open the passage between valve ports 4 and 3 of the five-way water valve, and open the passage between valve ports g and a of the eight-way water valve;

[0019] B2. After the vehicle is started, the refrigerant enters the electric drive assembly and absorbs heat to increase its temperature. It then enters the five-way valve from port 4 and flows out from port 3. It enters the cooling water pump and passes through the plate evaporator. It then flows into port a from port g of the eight-way valve and flows out. It then returns to the electric drive assembly.

[0020] B3. Self-circulation between the power battery and the battery water pump;

[0021] The battery low-temperature heat dissipation method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0022] C1, open the passage between valve ports 2a and 3 and the passage between valve ports 4 and 1 of the five-way water valve; open the passage between valve ports g and f and the passage between valve ports e and b of the eight-way water valve;

[0023] C2. After the vehicle is started, the coolant enters the power battery assembly and absorbs heat, and the temperature rises. Then, it enters the five-way water valve from port 2a, flows out from port 3, enters the cooling water pump, passes through the plate evaporator, and then flows into the f valve port from the g valve port of the eight-way water valve and flows out. Then, it enters the front evaporator and releases heat, and the temperature drops.

[0024] C3, after entering the electric drive assembly to absorb heat, enters the 4th valve port of the five-way water valve again, flows out from the 1th valve port to enter the hot water pump, flows through the water-cooled condenser and enters the eth valve port of the eight-way water valve again, flows out from the bth valve port to enter the battery water pump and returns to the power battery.

[0025] The present invention also discloses a waste heat recovery method of an indirect heat exchange thermal management system based on an eight-way and five-way water valve, including a waste heat recovery method, an electric drive and electric control waste heat recovery method, and an electric drive heating battery method; the waste heat recovery method includes the following steps:

[0026] D1. After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor. It is discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which transfers heat to the refrigerant in the water-cooled condenser.

[0027] D2. Open the passage between the e and d ports of the eight-way water valve and the passage between the e and b ports; the refrigerant of the water-cooled condenser flows into the e port of the eight-way water valve and is divided into two paths, one of which flows out from the d port, then enters the air conditioning heater to release heat to the air in the passenger compartment, and then flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump; the other flows out from the b port, enters the power battery through the battery water pump, and then flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump;

[0028] D3, the normal temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant in step D1 enters the throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank to become a low temperature and low pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, then enters the plate evaporator to absorb the heat of the refrigerant in the plate evaporator to be gasified into a low temperature and low pressure gaseous refrigerant, and returns to the compressor;

[0029] D4. Open the passage between the g and a ports of the eight-way water valve, and open the passage between the 4 and 3 ports of the five-way water valve. The refrigerant of the plate evaporator enters the a port of the eight-way water valve through the g port, flows out through the electric drive assembly, absorbs heat, flows in through the 4 port of the five-way water valve, flows out from the 3 port, enters the refrigeration water pump, and returns to the plate evaporator.

[0030] The electric drive and electric control waste heat recovery method comprises the following steps:

[0031] E1. After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor. It is discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which transfers heat to the refrigerant in the water-cooled condenser.

[0032] E2. Open the passage between the valve ports e and b of the eight-way water valve; the coolant of the water-cooled condenser enters the power battery through the battery water pump and then returns to the water-cooled condenser through the hot water pump;

[0033] E3, the normal temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant in step E1 enters the throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank to become a low temperature and low pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, then enters the plate evaporator to absorb the heat of the refrigerant in the plate evaporator to be gasified into a low temperature and low pressure gaseous refrigerant, and returns to the compressor;

[0034] E4. Open the passage between the g and a ports of the eight-way water valve, and open the passage between the 4 and 3 ports of the five-way water valve; the refrigerant of the plate-type evaporator enters the a port of the eight-way water valve through the g port, flows out, absorbs heat through the electric drive assembly, flows in through the 4 port of the five-way water valve, flows out from the 3 port into the refrigeration water pump, and returns to the plate-type evaporator;

[0035] The electric drive heating battery method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0036] F1, open the passage between valve ports 2a and 3 and the passage between valve ports 4 and 1 of the five-way water valve; open the passage between valve ports g and f and the passage between valve ports e and b of the eight-way water valve;

[0037] F2. After the vehicle is started, the coolant enters the electric drive assembly and absorbs heat to increase its temperature. It then enters the five-way water valve from port 4 and flows out from port 1 to the hot water pump, passes through the water-cooled condenser, and then flows into port a from port e of the eight-way water valve and flows out. It then enters the power battery after the pressure head is increased by the battery water pump.

[0038] F3. The coolant with reduced temperature flows into the 2a port of the five-way water valve, flows out of the 3 port and enters the refrigeration water pump, then passes through the plate evaporator and enters the g port of the eight-way water valve, flows out of the a valve and returns to the electric drive assembly.

[0039] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0040] 1. The indirect heat exchange thermal management system proposed in the present invention solves the problems of smooth switching of the flow direction of the refrigerant in various modes, and the regulation and distribution of the flow rate; it is rich in functions; and its integrated design with the refrigerant valve island has a small volume; it can adjust the flow direction and flow distribution of the refrigerant through a rotating water valve to meet the circuit functions of refrigeration, heating, dehumidification, battery heating, battery forced cooling, battery low-temperature heat dissipation, battery temperature balancing self-circulation, and waste heat recovery; the thermal management system is connected into a whole through an eight-way valve, which can effectively transport the energy of each circuit to the appropriate place, reduce energy loss, and thus extend the vehicle's cruising range; the hot gas bypass cycle proposed in the present invention can increase the heating capacity under low-temperature conditions, and can meet the heating needs without WPTC, which can reduce manufacturing costs and reduce carbon emissions.

[0041] 2. The present invention can isolate the R290 refrigerant outside the passenger compartment, integrate the R290 heat pump with the valve island to minimize the refrigerant charge, and reduce the risk of flammability and explosion; the indoor refrigerator and the front steam radiator pipe are both filled with low-pressure refrigerant, which can reduce the cost of parts; compared with the traditional heat pump waste heat recovery, the safety factor and COP are improved, which is more environmentally friendly and energy-saving;

[0042] 3. The 8-way water valve proposed in the present invention can realize the following functions: port a can form 6 passages with port b, port c, port d, port e, port g and port h; port f can also form 6 passages with port g, port h, port b, port c, port d and port e; port b can form 5 passages with port a, port c, port d, port e and port f; port c can form 5 passages with port a, port b, port d, port e and port f; port d can form 5 passages with port a, port b, port c, port e and port f; port e can form 5 passages with port a, port b, port c, port d and port f; port g can form 3 passages with port h, port a and port f; port h can form 3 passages with port a, port f and port g, which contains 19 passages in total, which makes it possible to reduce the number of water valves, improve system integration, reduce the volume of parts and reduce costs; it can realize the energy scheduling of conventional heat pumps and electric drive battery thermal systems;

[0043] 4. Compared with the existing indirect heat exchange thermal management system, the indirect heat exchange thermal management system proposed in the present invention has an additional hot gas bypass loop when running the hot gas bypass heating method, which can increase the heating capacity of the system at low ambient temperature; the specific principle is that when the ambient temperature is low, the evaporation pressure of the heat pump system decreases, and the corresponding evaporation temperature decreases. At this time, the refrigerant specific volume increases, and the mass of refrigerant compressed by the compressor per unit time decreases rapidly, that is, the mass flow rate decreases rapidly, the enthalpy value of the unit mass of the refrigerant increases, and the compressor exhaust temperature soars, but the heating capacity decreases. This is because the heating capacity is the product of the mass flow rate and the enthalpy value of the refrigerant. One of the multipliers decreases rapidly and the other multiplier increases slightly, resulting in a decrease in the product of the two, that is, the heating capacity. The low-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant that bypasses the return air intake port of the bypass valve is mixed with the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that returns through the electronic expansion valve, which reduces the specific volume of the refrigerant, increases the mass flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the compressor, and increases the compression power of the compressor, thereby increasing the heating capacity;

[0044] 5. The water loop of the present invention uses only two main water pumps and one battery circuit compensation water pump to achieve the normal operation of single passenger compartment cooling, passenger compartment and battery mixed cooling, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification, passenger compartment heat pump heating, and battery forced cooling. Compared with other indirect heat exchange systems that require the use of three main water pumps, it has low power and low cost.

[0045] The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an indirect heat exchange thermal management system for new energy vehicles based on eight-way and five-way water valves of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a single passenger compartment cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a passenger compartment and battery hybrid cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a battery forced cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the passenger compartment heating and dehumidification mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a passenger compartment heat pump heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 is an operation schematic diagram of a hot gas bypass heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a battery heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig. 9 is an operating schematic diagram of an electric drive and electric control heat dissipation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the operation of the battery module temperature balancing self-circulation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a low-temperature heat dissipation mode of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.12 is an operation schematic diagram of a waste heat recovery mode of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.13 is an operation schematic diagram of the electric drive and electric control waste heat recovery mode of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the electric drive heating battery mode of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0061] See also Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an indirect heat exchange thermal management system for new energy vehicles based on eight-way and five-way water valves, including a refrigerant circuit, including an eight-way water valve and a five-way water valve;

[0062] The refrigerant circuit is composed of a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, a liquid storage tank, a throttling expansion valve and a plate evaporator. The output end of the compressor is connected to the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser. The refrigerant output end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the refrigerant input end of the plate evaporator after passing through the liquid storage tank and the throttling expansion valve. The refrigerant output end of the plate evaporator is connected to the input end of the compressor.

[0063] The eight-way water valve includes eight valve ports a to h, wherein the valve port a of the eight-way water valve is connected to the input end of the electric drive assembly, the valve port b is connected to the input end of the power battery, the valve port c is connected to the valve port h, the valve port d is connected to the input end of the air conditioning heating core, the valve port e is connected to the refrigerant output end of the water-cooled condenser, the valve port f is connected to the input end of the front radiator, the valve port g is connected to the refrigerant output end of the plate evaporator, and the valve port h is connected to the valve port c and the input end of the air conditioning refrigerator; the five-way water valve includes five valve ports 1, 2a, 2b, 3 and 4, wherein the valve port 1 of the five-way water valve is connected to the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser, the valve port 2a is connected to the output end of the power battery, the valve port 2b is connected to the output end of the air conditioning refrigerator, the valve port 3 is connected to the refrigerant input end of the plate evaporator, and the valve port 4 is connected to the output end of the electric drive assembly;

[0064] The output end of the front-end radiator is connected to the input end of the electric drive assembly; the output end of the air-conditioning heater core is connected to the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser.

[0065] In a feasible embodiment, the valve port a of the eight-way water valve forms a passage with the valve ports b, c, d, e, g and h respectively; the valve port f forms a passage with the valve ports g, h, b, c, d and e respectively; the valve port b forms a passage with the valve ports a, c, d, e and f respectively; the valve port c forms a passage with the valve ports a, b, d, e and f respectively; the valve port d forms a passage with the valve ports a, b, c, e and f respectively; the valve port e forms a passage with the valve ports a, b, c, d and f respectively; the valve port g forms a passage with the valve ports h, a and f respectively; the valve port h forms a passage with the valve ports a, f and g respectively.

[0066] In a feasible embodiment, the valve port 1 of the five-way water valve forms a passage with the valve ports 2a, 2b and 4 respectively; the valve port 2a forms a passage with the valve ports 1 and 3 respectively; the valve port 2b forms a passage with the valve ports 1 and 3 respectively, and the valve port 3 forms a passage with the valve ports 2a, 2b and 4 respectively.

[0067] In a feasible embodiment, a cooling water pump is provided at the coolant input end of the plate evaporator, a hot water pump is provided at the coolant input end of the water-cooled condenser, and a battery water pump is provided at the input end of the power battery.

[0068] In a feasible embodiment, a bypass circuit is provided at the compressor, an input end and an output end of the bypass circuit are respectively connected to an output end and an input end of the compressor, and a bypass valve is provided on the bypass circuit.

[0069] In a feasible embodiment, the valve port b of the eight-way water valve is also connected to the output end of the power battery.

[0070] The present invention provides an indirect heat exchange thermal management system for new energy vehicles based on eight-way and five-way water valves, including the following 12 operating methods:

[0071] (1) R290 heat pump system forced cooling:

[0072] a. Single passenger compartment cooling mode: see Figure 2 After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor, which is discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the coolant. After the coolant temperature rises, it flows into the e port of the eight-way valve and flows out from the f port, and then enters the front radiator to release the heat to the atmosphere. After the coolant temperature drops, it flows through the electric drive assembly to absorb part of the heat, then enters the 4 port of the five-way valve and flows out from the 1 port and then enters the hot water pump, and then enters the water-cooled condenser again. This cycle is repeated to transfer the heat of the refrigerant to the atmosphere; on the other hand, the normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant mentioned above enters the electronic expansion tank through the liquid storage tank The valve EXV throttling expansion valve is a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, which then enters the plate evaporator Chiller to absorb the heat of the coolant and vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the compressor to be compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and repeats this cycle to replicate the cooling capacity; the coolant that absorbs heat in the Chiller has its temperature lowered, and then enters the eight-way valve through the g port and flows out from the h port, and then enters the air-conditioning refrigerator to absorb the heat in the passenger compartment air and its temperature rises, and then flows into the 2b port of the five-way valve and flows out from the 3 port to enter the refrigeration water pump, and finally enters the Chiller again, and the cycle repeats to continuously take away the heat in the passenger compartment air to cool it down.

[0073] b. Passenger compartment and battery hybrid cooling mode: see Figure 3After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor, which is discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the coolant. After the coolant temperature rises, it flows into the e port of the eight-way valve and flows out from the f port, and then enters the front radiator to release the heat to the atmosphere. After the coolant temperature drops, it flows through the electric drive assembly to absorb part of the heat and then enters the 4 port of the five-way valve and flows out from the 1 port and then enters the hot water pump, and then enters the water-cooled condenser again. This cycle is repeated to transfer the heat of the refrigerant to the atmosphere; on the other hand, the normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant mentioned above enters the electronic expansion valve EXV throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and then enters the Chiller to absorb the heat of the coolant and vaporize it into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas The refrigerant then enters the compressor and is compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the cycle is repeated to extract cooling capacity; the coolant that absorbs heat in the Chiller drops in temperature and enters the eight-way valve through port g and flows out from port h, and then splits into two paths, one of which enters the air-conditioning refrigerator to absorb heat from the air in the passenger compartment and the temperature rises, then flows into port 2b of the five-way valve and flows out from port 3 to enter the cooling water pump, and finally enters the Chiller again, and the cycle is repeated to continuously take away the heat from the air in the passenger compartment to cool it down; the other path enters port c of the eight-way valve and flows out from port b through the battery water pump into the power battery assembly to absorb heat and the temperature rises, then flows out from port 3 of the five-way valve 2a to enter the cooling water pump, and enters the Chiller again, and the cycle is repeated to continuously take away the heat from the power battery to cool it down.

[0074] c. Battery forced cooling: refer to Figure 4After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor, which is discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the coolant. After the coolant temperature rises, it flows into the e port of the eight-way valve and flows out from the f port, and then enters the front radiator to release the heat to the atmosphere. After the coolant temperature drops, it flows through the electric drive assembly to absorb part of the heat, then enters the 4 port of the five-way valve and flows out from the 1 port and then enters the hot water pump, and then enters the water-cooled condenser again. This cycle is repeated to transfer the heat of the refrigerant to the atmosphere; on the other hand, the normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant mentioned above enters the electronic expansion valve through the liquid storage tank The EXV throttling expansion valve is a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, which then enters the Chiller to absorb the heat of the coolant and vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the compressor to be compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and repeats this cycle to replicate the cooling capacity; the coolant that absorbs heat in the Chiller drops in temperature and enters the eight-way valve through port g and flows out from port h, then enters port c of the eight-way valve and flows out from port b through the battery water pump into the power battery assembly and absorbs heat and then the temperature rises, then passes through port 2a of the five-way valve and flows out from port 3 to enter the cooling water pump, and then enters the Chiller again and repeats this cycle to continuously take away the heat from the power battery to cool it down.

[0075] (2) R290 heat pump system forced heating:

[0076] a. Heating and dehumidification of passenger compartment: see Figure 5After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor and discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the refrigerant. After the temperature of the refrigerant rises, it flows into the e port of the eight-way valve and flows out from the d port, and then enters the air conditioning heater to release heat to the air in the passenger compartment. After the temperature of the refrigerant drops, it flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump, and the cycle is repeated to take heat and heat the air in the passenger compartment. On the other hand, the normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant mentioned above enters the electronic expansion valve EXV throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank as a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and then enters the Chiller to absorb the heat of the refrigerant and vaporize into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the compressor to be compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous The refrigerant circulates in this way to extract cooling capacity; the refrigerant that absorbs heat in the Chiller drops in temperature and enters through port g and is then divided into two paths, one of which flows out from port h of the eight-way valve, enters the air-conditioning refrigerator to absorb heat from the air in the passenger compartment and its temperature rises, then flows into port 2b of the five-way valve and flows out from port 3 to enter the cooling water pump, and finally enters the Chiller again, and the cycle repeats continuously to take away the heat and moisture in the air in the passenger compartment to cool and dehumidify it; the other path flows out from port f of the eight-way valve, absorbs atmospheric heat through the front radiator and its temperature rises, then absorbs heat through the electric drive assembly and flows in through port 4 of the five-way valve, flows out from port 3 to enter the cooling water pump, and enters the Chiller again, and the cycle repeats continuously to improve the quality of the heat from the atmosphere and the electric drive assembly and transfer it to the passenger compartment.

[0077] b. Passenger cabin heat pump heating: see Figure 6 After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor and discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the refrigerant. After the refrigerant temperature rises, it flows into the e port of the eight-way valve and flows out from the d port, and then enters the air conditioning heater to release heat to the passenger compartment air. After the refrigerant temperature drops, it flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump. This cycle is repeated to take heat and heat the passenger compartment air; on the other hand, the normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant mentioned above enters the electronic expansion valve EXV throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank to be a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase The refrigerant then enters the Chiller to absorb the heat of the coolant and vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the compressor to be compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the cycle is repeated to extract heat; the coolant that releases heat in the Chiller drops in temperature and then enters the eight-way valve through port g and flows out through port f, absorbing atmospheric heat through the front radiator and then rising in temperature, and then absorbs heat from the electric drive assembly and then flows in through port 4 of the five-way valve and flows out from port 3 into the cooling water pump, and then enters the Chiller again, and the cycle is repeated to continuously improve the quality of the heat from the atmosphere and the electric drive assembly through the heat pump and then transfer it to the passenger compartment to generate heat.

[0078] c. Hot gas bypass heating: see Figure 7 After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is mixed with the high-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant and then sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor, which is divided into two paths. One path is discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the other path directly bypasses and reduces the pressure to return to the compressor suction port; at the same time, the heat is transferred to the refrigerant. After the refrigerant temperature rises, it flows into the e port of the eight-way valve and flows out from the d port, and then enters the air conditioning warm core to release heat to the passenger compartment air. After the refrigerant temperature drops, it flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump, and the cycle is repeated to take heat and heat the passenger compartment air; on the other hand, the normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant mentioned above enters the electronic expansion valve EXV throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank as a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and then absorbs a small amount of heat through the Chiller to vaporize into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant with higher dryness, and then enters the compressor to mix with the low-pressure and high-temperature gaseous refrigerant to become a superheated saturated vapor and is compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the cycle is repeated to take heat. After the temperature of the refrigerant that releases heat in the Chiller drops, it enters the eight-way valve through the g port and flows out through the f port of the eight-way valve. After absorbing the heat from the atmosphere through the front radiator, its temperature rises. Then, after absorbing the heat from the electric drive assembly, it flows in through the 4 port of the five-way valve and flows out from the 3 port into the refrigeration water pump, and enters the Chiller again. This cycle repeats continuously, and the heat from the atmosphere and the electric drive assembly is upgraded through the high-quality electric energy input into the heat pump, and then transferred to the passenger compartment to generate heat.

[0079] It should be noted that when the ambient temperature is low, the evaporation pressure of the heat pump system decreases, the evaporation temperature decreases, and the refrigerant specific volume increases. The mass of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor per unit time decreases rapidly, that is, the mass flow rate decreases rapidly, the enthalpy of the refrigerant per unit mass increases, and the exhaust temperature of the compressor soars, but the heating capacity decreases. This is because the heating capacity is the product of the mass flow rate and the enthalpy value of the refrigerant. One multiplier decreases and the other multiplier increases slightly, resulting in a decrease in the heating capacity of the product of the two. The low-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant that bypasses the return air intake port of the bypass valve and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that returns through the electronic expansion valve are mixed to reduce the specific volume of the refrigerant, increase the mass flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the compressor, and increase the compression power of the compressor, thereby increasing the heating capacity.

[0080] d. Battery heating mode: see Figure 8After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor, which is discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the coolant. After the coolant temperature rises, it flows into the e port of the eight-way valve and flows out from the b port. Then it enters the power battery assembly through the battery water pump to release heat to the power battery. After the coolant temperature drops, it flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump. This cycle is repeated to take heat and heat the power battery. On the other hand, the normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant mentioned above enters the electronic expansion valve EXV throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank to form a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid The refrigerant then enters the Chiller to absorb the heat of the coolant and vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the compressor to be compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the cycle is repeated to replicate the cooling capacity; the coolant that absorbs heat in the Chiller has its temperature drop and then enters the eight-way valve f port through the g port, flows out through the front radiator to absorb the heat from the atmosphere and then its temperature rises, and then absorbs heat from the electric drive assembly and then flows in through the 4 port of the five-way valve, flows out from the 3 port into the cooling water pump, and enters the Chiller again, and the cycle is repeated to continuously transfer the heat from the atmosphere and the electric drive assembly to the power battery after being upgraded by the heat pump to increase its temperature.

[0081] (3) Natural cooling:

[0082] a. Heat dissipation of electric drive and electric control: see Fig. 9 After the vehicle is started, the coolant enters the electric drive assembly and absorbs heat, and the temperature rises. Then, it enters the five-way valve from port 4, flows out from port 3, enters the cooling water pump, passes through the Chiller, and then flows into the eight-way valve from port g and out from port f. Then, it enters the front heat exchanger to release heat to the atmosphere, and the temperature drops. Finally, it enters the electric drive assembly again to absorb heat. This reciprocating cycle continuously cools the electric drive assembly. In this mode, the coolant flows through the Chiller and the water-cooled condenser without heat exchange.

[0083] b. Battery module temperature balance self-circulation: see Fig.10 After the vehicle is started, the coolant enters the electric drive assembly and absorbs heat, and the temperature rises. Then, it enters the five-way valve from port 4, flows out from port 3, enters the cooling water pump, passes through the Chiller, and flows into port a from the eight-way valve, and then enters the electric drive assembly to absorb heat again. This reciprocating cycle continuously increases the temperature of the electric drive assembly. In this mode, the coolant flows through the Chiller and the water-cooled condenser without heat exchange.

[0084] c. Battery low temperature heat dissipation: see Fig.11After the vehicle is started, the coolant enters the power battery assembly and absorbs heat, and the temperature rises. Then it enters the five-way valve from port 2a, flows out from port 3, enters the cooling water pump, passes through the Chiller, and flows out from port g of the eight-way valve. Then it enters the front evaporator to release heat and the temperature drops. Then it enters the electric drive assembly and absorbs some heat, and then enters port 4 of the five-way valve again, and then flows out from port 1 to the hot water pump, then enters the water-cooled condenser, and then enters port e of the eight-way valve again, flows out from port b, and enters the battery water pump, and finally returns to the power battery assembly. This reciprocating cycle continuously reduces the power battery temperature. In this mode, the coolant flows through the Chiller and the water-cooled condenser without heat exchange.

[0085] (4) Waste heat recovery:

[0086] a. Waste heat recovery: see Fig.12 After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor and discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the coolant. After the coolant temperature rises, it flows into the e port of the eight-way valve and is divided into two paths. One path flows out from the d port and then enters the air conditioning warm core to release heat to the passenger compartment air. After the coolant temperature drops, it flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump. In this way, the heat is replicated to heat the passenger compartment air; the other path flows out from the b port and enters the power battery assembly through the battery water pump. After the coolant temperature drops, it flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump. In this way, the heat is replicated to heat the power battery; the other path flows out from the b port and enters the power battery assembly through the battery water pump. After the coolant temperature drops, it flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump. In this way, the heat is replicated to heat the power battery; On the one hand, the normal temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant mentioned above enters the electronic expansion valve EXV throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and then enters the Chiller to absorb the heat of the coolant and vaporize into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the compressor to be compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the cycle is repeated to obtain cooling capacity; the coolant that absorbs heat in the Chiller drops in temperature and then enters the eight-way valve a port through the g port and flows out through the electric drive assembly, and then absorbs heat through the five-way valve 4 port and flows out from the 3 port into the refrigeration water pump, and enters the Chiller again. This cycle is repeated and the heat from the atmosphere and the electric drive assembly is improved by the heat pump and then transferred to the passenger compartment and the power battery to generate heat.

[0087] b. Electric drive and electric control waste heat recovery: see Fig.13After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor, which is discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the coolant. After the coolant temperature rises, it flows into the e port of the eight-way valve and then flows out from the b port. It enters the power battery assembly through the battery water pump. After the coolant temperature drops, it flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump to be heated. This cycle is repeated to take heat and heat the power battery. On the other hand, the normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant mentioned above enters the electronic expansion valve EXV throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank. It is a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, which then enters the Chiller to absorb the heat of the coolant and vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the compressor to be compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and repeats this cycle to replicate the cooling capacity; the coolant that absorbs heat in the Chiller drops in temperature and then enters the eight-way valve a port through the g port and flows out through the electric drive assembly, then absorbs heat through the five-way valve 4 port and flows out from the 3 port into the cooling water pump, and then enters the Chiller again. This cycle repeats continuously, and the heat of the electric drive assembly is improved by the heat pump and then transferred to the power battery to generate heat.

[0088] c. Electric drive heating battery: see Fig.14 After the vehicle is started, the coolant enters the electric drive assembly to absorb heat and the temperature rises. Then it enters the five-way valve from port 4 and flows out from port 1 to the hot water pump through the water-cooled condenser, and then flows into port a from port e of the eight-way valve and flows out. Then it enters the power battery assembly to heat the power battery after the pressure head is increased by the battery water pump. After that, the coolant with a lowered temperature flows into port 3 from port 2a of the five-way valve and flows out again into the cooling water pump, then passes through the Chiller and enters port g of the eight-way valve and flows out from port a to enter the electric drive assembly again to absorb heat. This reciprocating cycle continuously heats the power battery until the temperature reaches the target temperature. In this mode, the coolant flows through the Chiller and the water-cooled condenser without heat exchange.

[0089] The present invention discloses an R290 indirect heat exchange thermal management system for new energy vehicles, the system having 12 modes (single passenger compartment refrigeration, passenger compartment and battery mixed refrigeration, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification, passenger compartment heat pump heating, battery forced cooling, battery low-temperature heat dissipation, battery heating, battery module temperature balancing self-circulation, waste heat recovery, electric drive and electronic control heat dissipation, electric drive and electronic control waste heat recovery, and electric drive heating battery).

[0090] The R290 refrigerant can be isolated from the passenger compartment, and the R290 heat pump and valve island are integrated to minimize the refrigerant charge and reduce the risk of flammability and explosion. The indoor refrigerator and the front steam radiator tubes are filled with low-pressure refrigerant to reduce the cost of parts. Compared with traditional heat pump waste heat recovery, the safety factor and COP are improved, which is more environmentally friendly and energy-saving.

[0091] Compared with the existing indirect heat exchange thermal management system, the proposed indirect heat exchange thermal management system has an additional hot gas bypass loop when operating the heat pump heating mode, which can increase the heating capacity of the system at low ambient temperature; the specific principle is that when the ambient temperature is low, the evaporation pressure of the heat pump system decreases, and the corresponding evaporation temperature decreases. At this time, the refrigerant specific volume increases, and the mass of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor per unit time decreases rapidly, that is, the mass flow rate decreases rapidly, the unit mass refrigerant enthalpy increases, the compressor exhaust temperature soars, but the heating capacity decreases. This is because the heating capacity is the product of the mass flow rate and enthalpy of the refrigerant. One multiplier decreases rapidly and the other multiplier increases slightly, resulting in a decrease in the product of the two, that is, the heating capacity. The low-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant bypassing the return air intake of the bypass valve and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant returning through the electronic expansion valve are mixed to reduce the specific volume of the refrigerant, increase the mass flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the compressor, and increase the compression power of the compressor, thereby increasing the heating capacity.

[0092] The water loop uses only two main water pumps and one battery loop compensation water pump to achieve the normal operation of single passenger compartment cooling, passenger compartment and battery mixed cooling, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification, passenger compartment heat pump heating, battery forced cooling, battery low-temperature heat dissipation, battery heating, battery module temperature balance self-circulation, waste heat recovery, electric drive electronic control heat dissipation, electric drive electronic control waste heat recovery, and electric drive heating battery. Compared with other indirect heat exchange systems that require the use of three main water pumps, it has low power and low cost.

[0093] The present invention is designed for the R290 system while also taking into account compatibility with R134a and R1234yf. The above three refrigerants can be used normally in the present invention. It only needs to add the corresponding lubricating oil in advance according to the refrigerant to be charged, and no changes are required to the parts.

[0094] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indirect heat exchange thermal management system based on eight-way and five-way water valves, including a refrigerant circuit, characterized in that: Including eight-way water valve and five-way water valve; The refrigerant circuit is composed of a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, a liquid storage tank, a throttling expansion valve and a plate evaporator. The output end of the compressor is connected to the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser. The refrigerant output end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the refrigerant input end of the plate evaporator after passing through the liquid storage tank and the throttling expansion valve. The refrigerant output end of the plate evaporator is connected to the input end of the compressor. The eight-way water valve includes eight valve ports a to h, wherein the valve port a of the eight-way water valve is connected to the input end of the electric drive assembly, the valve port b is connected to the input end of the power battery, the valve port c is connected to the valve port h, the valve port d is connected to the input end of the air conditioning heating core, the valve port e is connected to the refrigerant output end of the water-cooled condenser, the valve port f is connected to the input end of the front radiator, the valve port g is connected to the refrigerant output end of the plate evaporator, and the valve port h is connected to the valve port c and the input end of the air conditioning refrigerator; the five-way water valve includes five valve ports 1, 2a, 2b, 3 and 4, wherein the valve port 1 of the five-way water valve is connected to the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser, the valve port 2a is connected to the output end of the power battery, the valve port 2b is connected to the output end of the air conditioning refrigerator, the valve port 3 is connected to the refrigerant input end of the plate evaporator, and the valve port 4 is connected to the output end of the electric drive assembly; The output end of the front radiator is connected to the input end of the electric drive assembly; the output end of the air conditioning heater is connected to the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser; The valve port a of the eight-way water valve forms passages with the valve ports b, c, d, e, g and h respectively; the valve port f forms passages with the valve ports g, h, b, c, d and e respectively; the valve port b forms passages with the valve ports a, c, d, e and f respectively; the valve port c forms passages with the valve ports a, b, d, e and f respectively; the valve port d forms passages with the valve ports a, b, c, e and f respectively; the valve port e forms passages with the valve ports a, b, c, d and f respectively; the valve port g forms passages with the valve ports h, a and f respectively; the valve port h forms passages with the valve ports a, f and g respectively; The valve port 1 of the five-way water valve forms a passage with the valve ports 2a, 2b and 4 respectively; the valve port 2a forms a passage with the valve ports 1 and 3 respectively; the valve port 2b forms a passage with the valve ports 1 and 3 respectively; the valve port 3 forms a passage with the valve ports 2a, 2b and 4 respectively; The refrigerant input end of the plate evaporator is provided with a refrigeration water pump; the refrigerant input end of the water-cooled condenser is provided with a hot water pump; and the input end of the power battery is provided with a battery water pump.

2. A natural cooling method for an indirect heat exchange thermal management system based on an eight-way and five-way water valve, characterized in that: Including electric drive and electric control heat dissipation method, battery module temperature balance self-circulation method and battery low temperature heat dissipation method The electric drive and electric control heat dissipation method specifically comprises the following steps: A1. Open the passage between valve ports 4 and 3 of the five-way water valve, and open the passage between valve ports g and f of the eight-way water valve; A2. After the vehicle is started, the refrigerant enters the electric drive assembly and absorbs heat, and then the temperature rises. Then, it enters the five-way water valve from the 4th valve port, flows out from the 3rd valve port, enters the cooling water pump, passes through the plate evaporator, and then flows into the fth valve port from the g valve port of the eight-way water valve. Then, it enters the front-end heat exchanger, releases heat to the atmosphere, and then the temperature drops, and then returns to the electric drive assembly. The battery module temperature equalization self-circulation method specifically comprises the following steps: B1. Open the passage between valve ports 4 and 3 of the five-way water valve, and open the passage between valve ports g and a of the eight-way water valve; B2. After the vehicle is started, the refrigerant enters the electric drive assembly and absorbs heat to increase its temperature. It then enters the five-way valve from port 4 and flows out from port 3. It enters the cooling water pump and passes through the plate evaporator. It then flows into port a from port g of the eight-way valve and flows out. It then returns to the electric drive assembly. B3. Self-circulation between the power battery and the battery water pump; The battery low-temperature heat dissipation method specifically comprises the following steps: C1, open the passage between valve ports 2a and 3 and the passage between valve ports 4 and 1 of the five-way water valve; open the passage between valve ports g and f and the passage between valve ports e and b of the eight-way water valve; C2. After the vehicle is started, the coolant enters the power battery assembly and absorbs heat, and the temperature rises. Then, it enters the five-way water valve from port 2a, flows out from port 3, enters the cooling water pump, passes through the plate evaporator, and then flows into the f valve port from the g valve port of the eight-way water valve and flows out. Then, it enters the front evaporator and releases heat, and the temperature drops. C3, after entering the electric drive assembly to absorb heat, enters the 4th valve port of the five-way water valve again, flows out from the 1th valve port to enter the hot water pump, flows through the water-cooled condenser and enters the eth valve port of the eight-way water valve again, flows out from the bth valve port to enter the battery water pump and returns to the power battery.

3. A waste heat recovery method for an indirect heat exchange thermal management system based on an eight-way and five-way water valve, characterized in that: It includes a waste heat recovery method, an electric drive and electric control waste heat recovery method and an electric drive heating battery method; the waste heat recovery method includes the following steps: D1. After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor. It is discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which transfers heat to the refrigerant in the water-cooled condenser. D2, open the passage between valve port e and valve port d of the eight-way water valve and the passage between valve port e and valve port b; The refrigerant in the water-cooled condenser flows into the valve port e of the eight-way water valve and is divided into two paths. One path flows out from the port d, then enters the air conditioning heater to release heat to the air in the passenger compartment, and then flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump; the other path flows out from the port b, enters the power battery through the battery water pump, and then flows into the water-cooled condenser again through the hot water pump; D3, the normal temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant in step D1 enters the throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank to become a low temperature and low pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, then enters the plate evaporator to absorb the heat of the refrigerant in the plate evaporator to be gasified into a low temperature and low pressure gaseous refrigerant, and returns to the compressor; D4. Open the passage between the g and a ports of the eight-way water valve, and open the passage between the 4 and 3 ports of the five-way water valve. The refrigerant of the plate evaporator enters the a port of the eight-way water valve through the g port, flows out through the electric drive assembly, absorbs heat, flows in through the 4 port of the five-way water valve, flows out from the 3 port, enters the refrigeration water pump, and returns to the plate evaporator. The electric drive and electric control waste heat recovery method comprises the following steps: E1. After the compressor is started, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor. It is discharged to the water-cooled condenser to release heat and condense into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which transfers heat to the refrigerant in the water-cooled condenser. E2. Open the passage between the valve ports e and b of the eight-way water valve; the coolant of the water-cooled condenser enters the power battery through the battery water pump and then returns to the water-cooled condenser through the hot water pump; E3, the normal temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant in step E1 enters the throttling expansion valve through the liquid storage tank to become a low temperature and low pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, then enters the plate evaporator to absorb the heat of the refrigerant in the plate evaporator to be gasified into a low temperature and low pressure gaseous refrigerant, and returns to the compressor; E4. Open the passage between the g and a ports of the eight-way water valve, and open the passage between the 4 and 3 ports of the five-way water valve; the refrigerant of the plate-type evaporator enters the a port of the eight-way water valve through the g port, flows out, absorbs heat through the electric drive assembly, flows in through the 4 port of the five-way water valve, flows out from the 3 port into the refrigeration water pump, and returns to the plate-type evaporator; The electric drive heating battery method specifically comprises the following steps: F1, open the passage between valve ports 2a and 3 and the passage between valve ports 4 and 1 of the five-way water valve; open the passage between valve ports g and f and the passage between valve ports e and b of the eight-way water valve; F2. After the vehicle is started, the coolant enters the electric drive assembly and absorbs heat to increase its temperature. It then enters the five-way water valve from port 4 and flows out from port 1 to the hot water pump, passes through the water-cooled condenser, and then flows into port a from port e of the eight-way water valve and flows out. It then enters the power battery after the pressure head is increased by the battery water pump. F3. The coolant with reduced temperature flows into the 2a port of the five-way water valve, flows out of the 3 port and enters the refrigeration water pump, then passes through the plate evaporator and enters the g port of the eight-way water valve, flows out of the a valve and returns to the electric drive assembly.

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