Condenser with liquid level self-control throttling and use method

Abstract

The application discloses a condenser with liquid level self-control throttling and a use method, and relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a condenser with liquid level self-control throttling. The condenser comprises a condenser cylinder, an air inlet and a liquid outlet are arranged on the condenser cylinder, condensing heat exchange pipes for cooling and liquefying the air inlet are arranged in the condenser cylinder, and a supercooling heat exchange pipe for forming supercooled refrigerant by performing secondary heat exchange on the liquid refrigerant is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder. A liquid level self-control throttling mechanism for keeping the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant covering the supercooling heat exchange pipe and throttling the liquid outlet is arranged at the liquid outlet. The liquid level self-control throttling mechanism can make the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant cover the supercooling heat exchange pipe, the refrigerant has a certain supercooling degree before flowing out of the condenser, the throttling function can be realized, and the stable and efficient operation of the refrigeration system is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of refrigeration machinery, in particular to a condenser with liquid level self-control throttling and a use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a refrigeration system, due to different condensing modes, the refrigeration unit can be divided into water-cooled units, evaporative-cooled units and air-cooled units. Due to low cost and high efficiency, water-cooled condensing has always been the preferred condensing mode of the refrigeration unit.

[0003] The compressor, the condenser, the throttling device and the evaporator are four components of the refrigeration system. The low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant absorbs the heat of the relatively high-temperature chilled water in the evaporator, and the chilled water with reduced temperature is provided to the customer end for use. The liquid refrigerant absorbs heat to evaporate into low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, which is compressed by the compressor to become high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, enters the condenser, is cooled into liquid refrigerant, and then enters the throttling device. After throttling, the liquid refrigerant becomes low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant in a saturated state, enters the evaporator, and evaporates into gaseous refrigerant after absorbing the heat of the heat transfer pipe. The gaseous refrigerant is sucked into the compressor together with the remaining gaseous refrigerant to complete the entire refrigeration cycle. In the entire refrigeration cycle, the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser also needs to pass through some components such as the drying filter, the connecting pipeline and the electromagnetic valve. A certain pressure drop will be generated after passing through these components. If the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser does not have a certain supercooling degree, part of the liquid refrigerant will vaporize into gaseous refrigerant due to the existence of the pressure drop, which is the flashing phenomenon. If the flashing phenomenon occurs before entering the throttling device, the refrigerating capacity of the unit will be reduced, the energy efficiency of the entire refrigeration unit will be reduced, and in severe cases, the refrigeration unit may not be able to operate normally.

[0004] Therefore, the water-cooled condenser generally arranges heat exchange pipes at the bottom of the cylinder, and the liquid refrigerant exchanges heat with the cooling water in the heat exchange pipes to make the liquid refrigerant have a certain supercooling degree. Therefore, the throttling device of the conventional water-cooled main unit designed and manufactured by general manufacturers generally adopts the form of an electronic expansion valve or an electromagnetic valve cooperating with an orifice plate, so as to ensure that the liquid refrigerant at the bottom of the condenser can immerse the heat exchange pipes at the bottom of the condenser under any working condition and any load of the compressor, thereby ensuring the supercooling degree. The electronic expansion valve and the electromagnetic valve have high requirements for the cleanliness of the liquid refrigerant. Therefore, a stop valve and a filter need to be additionally arranged on the connecting pipeline, which not only complicates the pipe arrangement, but also has high cost, causing resource waste. SUMMARY

[0005] Technical purpose: in view of the deficiencies of the existing condenser, the present application discloses a condenser with liquid level self-control throttling and a use method.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A condenser with automatic liquid level control and throttling includes a condenser shell, an air inlet and a liquid outlet on the condenser shell, a condensing heat exchange tube for cooling and liquefying the incoming air inside the condenser shell, and a subcooling heat exchange tube located at the bottom of the shell for secondary heat exchange of the liquid refrigerant to form a subcooled refrigerant; and a liquid level control and throttling mechanism at the liquid outlet for maintaining the liquid refrigerant level covering the subcooling heat exchange tube and throttling the liquid outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the self-controlled throttling mechanism of the present invention includes a throttling tube, and a throttling orifice is formed on the upper part of the tube wall. The height of the throttling orifice relative to the bottom of the condenser cylinder is higher than the height of the subcooled heat exchange tube. After the refrigerant liquid level is higher than the subcooled heat exchange tube and exchanges heat with the subcooled heat exchange tube, the refrigerant enters the throttling tube from the throttling orifice and is discharged from the throttling tube.

[0009] Preferably, the height of the throttling tube of the present invention is adjustable and is installed inside the liquid storage cylinder. The liquid storage cylinder is located at the liquid outlet of the condenser or is connected to the liquid outlet through a connecting pipe, and a closed liquid storage space is formed around the throttling tube by the liquid storage cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the present invention provides a filter screen on the outside of the throttling tube for filtering the refrigerant entering the throttling orifice.

[0011] Preferably, the number of throttling orifices in the present invention is several groups, arranged along the height direction or circumferential direction of the throttling tube.

[0012] Preferably, the air inlet of the present invention is located in the upper region of the condenser shell, and the condenser shell is provided with an air inlet baffle for equalizing the airflow at the position directly opposite the air inlet. The air inlet baffle is welded and fixed to the condenser shell.

[0013] Preferably, the ends of the condensing heat exchange tube and the subcooling heat exchange tube of the present invention are expanded and fixed to the tube sheets on both sides of the condenser shell, and the pipelines are correspondingly connected to the coolant used to cool the refrigerant.

[0014] This invention discloses a method of using the above-mentioned condenser with liquid level self-control throttling. Gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser cylinder from the inlet, and after passing through the condensing heat exchange tube, it forms saturated liquid refrigerant, which collects at the bottom of the condenser cylinder and exchanges heat with the subcooling heat exchange tube to form subcooled refrigerant, which then flows out from the throttling tube through the throttling orifice.

[0015] Preferably, in the process of heat exchange between the liquid refrigerant and the subcooled heat exchange tube, the liquid refrigerant level gradually rises to cover the copper tube of the subcooled heat exchange tube. When the liquid level reaches the throttling orifice of the throttling tube, the subcooled refrigerant enters the throttling tube from the throttling orifice.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The condenser with liquid level self-control and throttling disclosed in this invention and its usage method have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention, through the liquid level self-control throttling mechanism, can make the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant cover the subcooled heat exchange tube, so that the refrigerant has a certain degree of subcooling before flowing out of the condenser, ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the refrigeration system.

[0018] 2. The self-control throttling mechanism of the present invention uses a throttling tube with an upper opening to simultaneously control the liquid level of the refrigerant in the condenser. Compared with conventional refrigeration units, it eliminates the need for a shut-off valve, filter, and electronic expansion valve (or solenoid valve), simplifies the connecting pipeline, improves manufacturing efficiency, and reduces material and labor costs.

[0019] 3. The throttling tube of the present invention is set inside the liquid storage tank and its height can be adjusted, so as to be flexibly adjusted according to the actual specifications of the condenser.

[0020] 4. The condenser shell of the present invention is provided with an air inlet baffle at the air inlet. The air inlet baffle can slow down the airflow speed and enable the gas to fully exchange heat with the heat exchange tube, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and preventing gaseous refrigerant from flowing directly out of the liquid outlet. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the condenser in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a side view of the condenser in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the condenser in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a side view of the condenser in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Among them, 1-condenser cylinder, 2-air inlet, 3-liquid outlet, 4-condensing heat exchange tube, 5-subcooling heat exchange tube, 6-throttling tube, 7-throttling orifice, 8-liquid storage tank, 9-connecting pipeline, 10-filter screen, 11-air inlet baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more of which are set forth herein. Each embodiment and example is provided by way of explanation of the apparatus, composition, and materials of the present disclosure, and not by way of limitation. Rather, the following description provides convenient illustrations for implementing exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the present disclosure.

[0028] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention discloses a condenser with liquid level self-control throttling, including a condenser body 1, an air inlet 2 and a liquid outlet 3 provided on the condenser body 1, a condensing heat exchange tube 4 for cooling and liquefying the incoming air and a subcooling heat exchange tube 5 located at the bottom of the condenser body for secondary heat exchange of the liquid refrigerant to form a subcooled refrigerant; and a liquid level self-control throttling mechanism provided at the liquid outlet 3 for maintaining the liquid refrigerant level to cover the subcooling heat exchange tube 5 and throttling the liquid outlet.

[0029] The self-regulating throttling mechanism of the present invention only needs to ensure that it is at the same height as or slightly higher than the height of the copper tube of the subcooled heat exchange tube. Under the action of liquid level pressure difference, the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the condenser can reach the extent to cover the subcooled heat exchange tube, thereby ensuring heat exchange and forming subcooled refrigerant.

[0030] This invention provides two installation methods for the liquid level self-control throttling mechanism. In Embodiment 1, the liquid level self-control throttling mechanism is set at the liquid outlet, directly replacing the function of the liquid outlet, and controlling and throttling the liquid refrigerant in the lower region of the condenser cylinder. Alternatively, an existing condenser can be modified to adopt the refrigerant structure of Embodiment 2 of this invention, and connected through the connecting pipe 9. It is only necessary to ensure the height of the installed liquid level self-control throttling mechanism, and this method allows for easy height adjustment.

[0031] The self-controlled throttling mechanism of the present invention includes a throttling tube 6, and a throttling orifice 7 is formed on the upper wall of the throttling tube 6. The height of the throttling orifice 7 relative to the bottom of the condenser cylinder 1 is higher than the height of the subcooled heat exchange tube 5. After the refrigerant liquid level is higher than the subcooled heat exchange tube 5 and exchanges heat with the subcooled heat exchange tube 5, the refrigerant enters the throttling tube 6 from the throttling orifice 7 and is discharged from the throttling tube 6. The throttling performance can be changed by adjusting the shape and arrangement of the throttling orifice 7, for example, by having several groups of throttling orifices 7 arranged along the height direction or circumferential direction of the throttling tube 6.

[0032] In cases where the throttling tube 6 is located outside the condenser, a space needs to be formed outside the throttling tube 6 to allow refrigerant to accumulate and raise the liquid level. To this end, the present invention adjusts the height of the throttling tube 6 and places it inside the liquid storage tank 8. The liquid storage tank 8 forms a closed liquid storage space around the throttling tube 6. The liquid storage tank 8 is located at the liquid outlet 3 of the condenser or is connected to the liquid outlet 3 through the connecting pipe 9. Liquid refrigerant enters the liquid storage tank 8 and flows out after being throttled through the throttling orifice 7 of the throttling tube 6 when the liquid level reaches the throttling orifice 7. To prevent impurities carried by the refrigerant from clogging the throttling tube, a filter screen 10 can also be provided outside the throttling tube 6 to filter the refrigerant entering the throttling orifice 7.

[0033] The air inlet 2 of this invention is located in the upper region of the condenser shell 1. An air inlet baffle 11 for equalizing the airflow is provided in the condenser shell 1 directly opposite the air inlet 2. The air inlet baffle 11 is welded and fixed to the condenser shell 1. The ends of the condensing heat exchange tube 4 and the subcooling heat exchange tube 5 are expanded and fixed to the tube sheets on both sides of the condenser shell 1. The pipes are correspondingly connected to the coolant for cooling the refrigerant. After the gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser, the air inlet baffle 11 disperses it into the condenser shell 1, so that the refrigerant and the condensing heat exchange tube 4 can fully exchange heat and condense, avoiding uneven heat exchange.

[0034] This invention also discloses a method for using the aforementioned condenser with liquid level self-control throttling. Gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser cylinder through the inlet, passes through the condenser heat exchange tubes to form saturated liquid refrigerant, and collects at the bottom of the condenser cylinder. It then exchanges heat with the subcooling heat exchange tubes to form subcooled refrigerant, which flows out through the throttling orifice. During the heat exchange process between the liquid refrigerant and the subcooling heat exchange tubes, the liquid refrigerant level gradually rises to cover the copper tubes of the subcooling heat exchange tubes. When the liquid level reaches the throttling orifice of the throttling tube, the subcooled refrigerant enters the throttling tube from the orifice. After throttling, it becomes a two-phase saturated refrigerant flowing out of the condenser. The outflowing liquid refrigerant possesses a certain degree of subcooling, ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the refrigeration system.

Claims

1. A condenser with liquid level self-control throttling, characterized in that, The condenser barrel (1) is provided with an air inlet (2) and a liquid outlet (3), and the condenser barrel (1) is internally provided with condensing heat exchange pipes (4) for cooling and liquefying the air and subcooling heat exchange pipes (5) at the lower part of the barrel for performing secondary heat exchange on the liquid refrigerant to form subcooled refrigerant; a liquid level self-control throttling mechanism is arranged at the liquid outlet (3) for covering the subcooling heat exchange pipes (5) with liquid refrigerant and throttling the liquid outlet. The self-control throttling mechanism comprises a throttling pipe (6), a throttling hole (7) is formed in the upper wall of the throttling pipe (6), the throttling hole (7) is higher than the height of the subcooling heat exchange pipes (5) relative to the bottom of the condenser barrel (1), when the liquid level of the refrigerant is higher than the height of the subcooling heat exchange pipes (5) and the refrigerant is in heat exchange with the subcooling heat exchange pipes (5), the refrigerant enters the throttling pipe (6) from the throttling hole (7) and is discharged from the throttling pipe (6). The height of the throttling pipe (6) is adjustable and is arranged in a liquid storage cylinder (8), the liquid storage cylinder (8) is arranged at the liquid outlet (3) of the condenser or is connected with the liquid outlet (3) through a connecting pipe (9), and a closed liquid storage space is formed around the throttling pipe (6) by the liquid storage cylinder (8).

2. The condenser with liquid level self-control throttling according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter screen (10) is arranged outside the throttling pipe (6) for filtering the refrigerant entering the throttling hole (7).

3. The condenser with liquid level self-control throttling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the throttling holes (7) is several groups and is arranged along the height direction or the circumferential direction of the throttling pipe (6).

4. The condenser with liquid level self-control throttling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet (2) is arranged at the upper region of the condenser barrel (1), the condenser barrel (1) is provided with an air inlet baffle (11) at the position opposite to the air inlet (2) for uniform flow of the air, and the air inlet baffle (11) is welded and fixed with the condenser barrel (1).

5. The condenser with liquid level self-control throttling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ends of the condensing heat exchange pipes (4) and the subcooling heat exchange pipes (5) are expanded and fixed with the tube plates on both sides of the condenser barrel (1), and the pipelines are connected with cooling liquid for cooling the refrigerant.

6. A method of using a condenser with liquid level controlled throttling according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser barrel from the air inlet, forms saturated liquid refrigerant after the condensing heat exchange pipes, is collected at the bottom of the condenser barrel, is in heat exchange with the subcooling heat exchange pipes, forms subcooled refrigerant, and flows out from the throttling pipe through the throttling hole.

7. The method of using a condenser with liquid level controlled throttling according to claim 6, wherein, During the heat exchange process of the liquid refrigerant and the subcooling heat exchange pipes, the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant gradually rises to cover the copper pipes of the subcooling heat exchange pipes, and when the liquid level height reaches the throttling hole of the throttling pipe, the subcooled refrigerant enters the throttling pipe from the throttling hole.

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