Spectrometer

Abstract

The invention discloses a spectrograph, and relates to the technical field of spectral measurement instruments, the spectrograph comprises a first optical sleeve, a collimation system, an optical sleeve shell, a dispersion system, a second optical sleeve, a focus lens and a detector, the collimation system comprises an entrance slit and a collimating lens, and the optical axis of the entrance slit is aligned with the optical axis of the collimating lens to form a light path; the optical sleeve shell is connected with one end, far away from the entrance slit, of the first optical sleeve; the dispersion system comprises at least two transmission gratings which are arranged side by side at intervals, and each transmission grating is arranged in the optical sleeve shell and located on a light emitting path of the collimating lens; the second optical sleeve is rotationally connected with one end, away from the first optical sleeve, of the optical sleeve shell; the focus lens is arranged in the second optical sleeve and is positioned on a light emitting path of the transmission grating; the detector is arranged at one end, far away from the optical sleeve shell, of the second optical sleeve and located on the focal plane of the focus lens; according to the scheme, the spectral range and the spectral resolution can be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of spectrum measuring instruments, and in particular to a spectrometer. Background Art

[0002] Spectrometers are optical detection instruments widely used in many fields. They can analyze light components, material optical properties and material composition by measuring the material spectrum. Its basic structure includes a collimation system, a dispersion system, an imaging system and a receiving system. However, once a traditional spectrometer is designed, its spectral resolution and spectral range are fixed, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of different application scenarios.

[0003] In order to adjust the spectral resolution and range, it is usually necessary to replace the grating or imaging objective lens, but these methods are complex in structure, high in cost, and require professional operation. For example, the resolution can be adjusted by using technologies such as liquid zoom lens, adjusting wedge angle, software numerically controlled micromirror array or focusing lens, but these methods have the problems of complex operation and easy introduction of mechanical errors. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a spectrometer, aiming to provide a spectrometer with adjustable spectral range and spectral resolution.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the spectrometer proposed in the present invention comprises: a first optical sleeve; A collimation system, the collimation system comprising an incident slit and a collimation lens, the incident slit and the collimation lens are sequentially arranged in the first optical sleeve, and the optical axis of the incident slit is aligned with the optical axis of the collimation lens to form an optical path; An optical casing, the optical casing being connected to an end of the first optical sleeve away from the incident slit; A dispersion system, the dispersion system comprising at least two transmission gratings arranged side by side and spaced apart from each other, each of the transmission gratings being arranged in the optical housing and located on the light output path of the collimating lens; A second optical sleeve, the second optical sleeve being rotatably connected to an end of the optical sleeve away from the first optical sleeve; A focusing mirror, which is disposed in the second optical sleeve and is located on the light-emitting path of the transmission grating; and A detector, the detector is arranged at an end of the second optical sleeve away from the optical housing and located on the focal plane of the focusing mirror; Wherein, the first optical sleeve, the optical housing and the second optical sleeve are connected and arranged in sequence.

[0006] In one embodiment, the optical housing includes a rotating member and two mounting seats, each of the mounting seats includes a first plate and a second plate connected to each other, the rotating member can be rotatably penetrated through the first plate of each mounting seat, wherein the second plate of one of the mounting seats is connected to the first optical sleeve, and wherein the second plate of another of the mounting seats is connected to the second optical sleeve.

[0007] In one embodiment, the rotating member includes a fixed shaft and a damping bearing, the optical housing includes a base, the damping bearing is sleeved on the fixed shaft, the first plate of each mounting seat is sleeved on the damping bearing, and the base is connected to the fixed shaft.

[0008] In one embodiment, the optical housing further comprises a mounting body, the transmission gratings are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the mounting body, a side of the mounting body facing away from the transmission gratings is connected to the base, and the midpoint of the dispersion system is the midpoint of the fixed axis.

[0009] In one embodiment, the mounting body is provided with a plurality of through holes along its circumference.

[0010] In one embodiment, the optical housing further comprises a seal, which comprises a sealing seat, a sealing cover and two sealing plates. The sealing seat is sleeved on the damping bearing, and the two sealing plates are arranged opposite to the sealing seat. The two ends of each sealing plate are respectively connected to the two second plates, and the two ends of the sealing cover are respectively connected to the two sealing plates; the sealing cover, the two sealing plates, the sealing seat and the two second plates enclose a sealed cavity.

[0011] In one embodiment, the spectrometer comprises a fixing seat, which is connected to an end of the second optical sleeve away from the optical housing and is located at the focal plane of the focusing mirror, and is used to fix the detector.

[0012] In one embodiment, the spectrometer includes an adapter flange and a plurality of fasteners, the adapter flange is provided with a plurality of annular grooves spaced apart along the circumference of the adapter flange, a side wall of each annular groove forms a limiting step, a positioning convex ring is formed on the side of the adapter flange facing the second optical housing, the second optical housing can be rotatably mounted on the positioning convex ring, each of the fasteners passes through an annular groove and abuts against the limiting step, and is penetrated through the fixing seat and threadedly connected to the fixing seat.

[0013] In one embodiment, the size of the entrance slit is adjustable; and / or The distance between the incident slit and the collimating lens is the focal length of the collimating lens.

[0014] In one embodiment, the spectrometer includes a filter, the second optical housing is provided with a slot with a notch, the filter is arranged in the slot, a side wall of the slot is provided with a rotatably connected light shielding cover, and the light shielding cover is used to open or close the notch of the slot.

[0015] In the technical solution of the present invention, the incident slit is used to limit the width of the light beam, and the collimating lens converts the light beam into a parallel light beam to facilitate the subsequent dispersion process. The light beam to be measured becomes a parallel light beam after passing through the incident slit and the collimating lens. The parallel light beam enters each transmission grating, and each transmission grating separates the light of different wavelengths in the parallel light beam to form a spectrum. The separated spectrum is focused on the focal plane of the focusing lens by the focusing lens to form a spectrum line arranged by wavelength. The detector receives the spectrum on the focal plane and measures the light intensity of different wavelengths, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, which can then be further processed and analyzed to obtain the spectrum information of the light source to be measured; With this structure, the angle between the first optical sleeve and the second optical sleeve can be adjusted, and the first optical sleeve and the second optical sleeve can be locked after being rotated by a certain angle, so as to accurately select the spectral range, and then accurately adjust the spectral resolution and spectral range; during the adjustment process, the relative position of the incident slit and the collimating lens remains unchanged, and the relative position of the focusing mirror and the detector remains unchanged, thereby avoiding the reduction of system resolution caused by the defocusing of the focusing mirror and not introducing relative displacement errors; there is no need to use a zoom lens, that is, there is no need for manual focusing or automatic adjustment of the relative position of the focusing mirror and the detector to achieve spectral multi-resolution switching, and the spectrometer has a simple structure, low cost and easy operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a spectrometer is provided for the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of an embodiment of a spectrometer is provided for the present invention; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a spectrometer is provided for the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a transfer flange provided by the present invention; Figure 5 Provides a schematic diagram of the optical paths of two transmission gratings for the present invention; Figure 6Provides a schematic diagram of the optical paths of three transmission gratings for the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a spectrometer is provided for the present invention.

[0018] Description of Figure Numbers: 100. spectrometer; 1. first optical sleeve; 11. optical path; 2. collimation system; 21. incident slit; 22. collimating lens; 3. optical housing; 31. sealed cavity; 32. rotating member; 321. fixed shaft; 322. damping bearing; 33. mounting seat; 331. first plate; 332. second plate; 34. base; 35. mounting body; 351. through hole; 36. sealing member; 361. sealing seat; 362. sealing cover; 363. sealing plate; 4. dispersion system; 41. transmission grating; 5. second optical sleeve; 51. slot; 6. focusing lens; 7. detector; 8. fixing seat; 9. adapter flange; 91. ring groove; 92. limiting step; 93. positioning convex ring; 110. filter.

[0019] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0022] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0023] The present invention provides a spectrometer 100 .

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 7 In one embodiment of the present invention, the spectrometer 100 includes a first optical sleeve 1, a collimation system 2, an optical housing 3, a dispersion system 4, a second optical sleeve 5, a focusing lens 6 and a detector 7, wherein the collimation system 2 includes an incident slit 21 and a collimation lens 22, wherein the incident slit 21 and the collimation lens 22 are sequentially arranged in the first optical sleeve 1, and the optical axis of the incident slit 21 is aligned with the optical axis of the collimation lens 22 to form an optical path 11; the optical housing 3 is connected to an end of the first optical sleeve 1 away from the incident slit 21; the dispersion system 4 includes at least two optical lenses arranged side by side and spaced apart from each other. The transmission gratings 41 are each arranged in the optical housing 3 and located on the light emitting path 11 of the collimating lens 22; the second optical sleeve 5 is rotatably connected to the end of the optical housing 3 away from the first optical sleeve 1; the focusing lens 6 is arranged in the second optical sleeve 5 and located on the light emitting path 11 of the transmission gratings 41; the detector 7 is arranged at the end of the second optical sleeve 5 away from the optical housing 3 and located on the focal plane of the focusing lens 6; wherein the first optical sleeve 1, the optical housing 3 and the second optical sleeve 5 are sequentially connected.

[0025] In the technical solution of the present invention, the incident slit 21 is used to limit the width of the light beam, and the collimating lens 22 converts the light beam into a parallel light beam to facilitate the subsequent dispersion process. The light beam to be measured becomes a parallel light beam after passing through the incident slit 21 and the collimating lens 22. The parallel light beam enters each transmission grating 41. Each transmission grating 41 separates the light of different wavelengths in the parallel light beam to form a spectrum. The separated spectrum is focused on the focal plane of the focusing lens 6 by the focusing lens 6 to form a spectrum line arranged by wavelength. The detector 7 receives the spectrum on the focal plane and measures the light intensity of different wavelengths to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal. The electrical signal can then be further processed and analyzed to obtain the spectrum information of the light source to be measured. This structure can adjust the angle between the first optical sleeve 1 and the second optical sleeve 5, and can be locked after the first optical sleeve 1 and the second optical sleeve 5 are rotated by a certain angle, so as to accurately select the spectral range and further accurately adjust the spectral resolution and spectral range; during the adjustment process, the relative positions of the incident slit 21 and the collimating lens 22 remain unchanged, and the relative positions of the focusing mirror 6 and the detector 7 remain unchanged, thereby avoiding the reduction of the system resolution caused by the defocusing of the focusing mirror 6 and not introducing a relative displacement error; there is no need to use a zoom lens, that is, there is no need to manually focus or automatically adjust the relative position of the focusing mirror 6 and the detector 7 to achieve spectral multi-resolution switching, and the spectrometer 100 has a simple structure, low cost and easy operation.

[0026] Taking two transmission gratings 41 arranged side by side and spaced apart as an example (wherein the number of engraved lines of the first transmission grating 41 is A lines / mm, the number of engraved lines of the second transmission grating 41 is B lines / mm, and B is greater than A) as an example, a detailed description is given: See also Figure 5, the light beam to be measured first passes through an incident slit 21 and enters the collimating lens 22, the collimating lens 22 converts the light beam into a parallel light beam, the parallel light beam is incident on the first transmission grating 41, and the light beam passing through the first transmission grating 41 is further incident on the second transmission grating 41, forming bright stripes of multiple diffraction orders, including (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1) and (1, 1) order bright stripes (because the bright stripes of level 2 and above are relatively weak, the spectral analysis of the bright stripes of level 2 and above is not performed here), among which, the bright stripes of level (0, 0) are white without dispersion, and are usually not used for spectral analysis; while the bright stripes of level (1, 0), (0, 1) and (1, 1) form colored stripes with different dispersion degrees. The dispersion degree of the above three bright stripes increases with the increase of the order. The greater the dispersion degree, the higher the spectral resolution. For the detection surface of the same detector 7, the smaller the spectral range; conversely, the smaller the dispersion degree, the lower the spectral resolution, and for the detection surface of the same detector 7, the larger the spectral range; the second optical sleeve 5 is rotatably connected to the optical housing 3, that is, the second optical sleeve 5 can be rotated relative to the optical housing 3 and the first optical sleeve 1. This setting allows the user to lock in different diffraction orders as needed, such as (1, 0), (0, 1) or (1, 1) orders; when locked in different diffraction orders in turn, the imaging surface of the same wavelength range will gradually increase, thereby improving the spectral resolution. At the same time, for the detection surface of the same detector 7, the corresponding spectral range will gradually become smaller. The user can select a specific diffraction order by rotating the second optical sleeve 5 according to specific measurement requirements to achieve the desired spectral range and resolution selection.

[0027] Taking two transmission gratings 41 as an example, the second optical sleeve can be locked at three specific diffraction angles (see Figure 5 ), if there are three transmission gratings 41 with different lines, they can be locked at seven specific angles (see Figure 6 ), if there are n transmission gratings 41 with different lines, that is, 2 n - Lockable at 1 specific angle.

[0028] The first optical sleeve 1 and the dispersion system 4 (i.e., at least two transmission gratings 41 spaced side by side) form a fixed angle, and the relative position and angle of the first optical sleeve 1 and the transmission grating 41 remain unchanged, and only the second optical sleeve 5 rotates relative to the first optical sleeve 1 and the transmission grating 41. By precisely controlling the angle of the transmission grating 41, it can be ensured that light of different wavelengths can be effectively separated when passing through the transmission grating 41, so as to obtain clearer spectral lines. In a complex optical system, a fixed angle helps to design and optimize the entire optical path 11, and can ensure that the light emitted from the light beam to be measured is incident on the transmission grating 41 at a correct angle after passing through the incident slit 21 and the collimating lens 22. Thereby, accurate spectral analysis can be achieved; the first optical sleeve 1 and the dispersion system 4 form a fixed angle, which is usually set by changing the installation angle or installation position of the transmission grating 41, without changing the connection method between the first optical sleeve 1 and the optical housing 3, thereby reducing the additional cost caused by redesigning and manufacturing the connection part between the first optical sleeve 1 and the optical housing 3; the second optical sleeve 5 and the optical housing 3 are rotatably connected, which can be achieved by setting a rotational translation stage or a gear and rack mechanism, in which the rack is fixed on the optical housing 3 and meshes with the gear on the second optical sleeve 5 to achieve rotational connection, and a worm and a worm wheel can also be used to cooperate to achieve accurate rotation of the second optical sleeve 5, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0029] To realize the rotation of the second optical sleeve 5 relative to the first optical sleeve 1, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical housing 3 includes a rotating member 32 and two mounting seats 33, each of the mounting seats 33 includes a first plate 331 and a second plate 332 connected to each other, and the rotating member 32 can be rotatably penetrated through the first plate 331 of each mounting seat 33, wherein the second plate 332 of one mounting seat 33 is connected to the first optical sleeve 1, and wherein the second plate 332 of another mounting seat 33 is connected to the second optical sleeve 5. The second plate 332 of one mounting seat 33 is connected to the first optical sleeve 1, and the second plate 332 of the other mounting seat 33 is connected to the second optical sleeve 5, and the rotating member 32 can be rotatably penetrated through the first plates 331 of the two mounting seats 33, that is, the second optical sleeve 5 is rotated relative to the first optical sleeve 1, thereby realizing the selection of the required spectral range and resolution. The structure is simple, the operation is stable, and the operation is simple; further, the two second plates 332 are both provided with mounting holes, and the first optical sleeve 1 and the second optical sleeve 5 are close to one end of the optical sleeve 3 to form a limiting step 92, and the limiting step 92 is in contact with the periphery of the mounting hole to ensure the precise positioning and fixation between the first optical sleeve 1 and the second optical sleeve 5 and the second plate 332, and realize the sealed connection between the first optical sleeve 1 and the second plate 332, and the second optical sleeve 5 and the second plate 332, to prevent light leakage from the joint, thereby helping to improve the optical performance of the spectrometer 100.

[0030] In order to ensure that the position of the transmission grating 41 does not change when the second optical sleeve 5 rotates relative to the first optical sleeve 1, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment of the present invention, the rotating member 32 includes a fixed shaft 321 and a damping bearing 322, the optical housing 3 includes a base 34, the damping bearing 322 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 321, the first plate 331 of each mounting seat 33 is sleeved on the damping bearing 322, and the base 34 is connected to the fixed shaft 321. By fixing the transmission grating 41 directly or indirectly to the base 34, even if the second optical sleeve 5 rotates, the position of the transmission grating 41 remains unchanged, ensuring the spectral analysis accuracy and repeatability of the spectrometer 100, and the fixed position of the transmission grating 41 helps to reduce the deviation of the optical path 11 caused by rotation, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the spectrometer 100; since the position of the transmission grating 41 is fixed, the alignment process of the optical system can be simpler, and there is no need to readjust the position of the transmission grating 41 during the rotation process, thereby reducing the calibration and maintenance work caused by position offset and reducing the maintenance cost of the equipment; and the damping bearing 322 can provide precise angle control to ensure that the second optical sleeve 5 can be stably locked at the required fixed angle, which is very important for precise optical alignment and Spectral analysis is crucial, and the angle locking achieved by the damping rotating bearing 322 simplifies the operation process. The user can easily adjust to the desired angle and lock it without the need for additional fixtures or tools. The design of the damping bearing 322 also helps to reduce the position displacement of the second optical sleeve 5 caused by vibration or accidental touch, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the entire spectrometer 100. In a dynamic environment, such as a mobile platform or a vibrating environment, the damping bearing 322 can maintain a fixed angle of the second optical sleeve 5 to ensure the stability of the measurement results. The damping bearing 322 replaces sliding friction with rolling friction, which significantly reduces the friction during the rotation process, thereby reducing energy loss and wear, thereby extending the service life of the rotating part 32 and reducing replacement frequency and maintenance costs.

[0031] For further information, see Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical housing 3 further comprises a mounting body 35, and each of the transmission gratings 41 is arranged side by side and spaced apart on the mounting body 35, and the side of the mounting body 35 facing away from the transmission grating 41 is connected to the base 34, and the midpoint of the dispersion system 4 is the midpoint of the fixed axis 321. A mounting frame is provided on the side of the mounting body 35 facing away from the base 34, and the transmission grating 41 is clamped in the mounting frame to realize the connection between the transmission grating 41 and the mounting body 35; the mounting body 35 is used to mount the transmission grating 41, and the mounting body 35 can be directly connected to the base 34 by screws, or can be connected to the base 34 by bonding, and the present invention does not limit this. When the mounting body 35 is set, the transmission grating 41 can be at a fixed angle with the first optical sleeve 1, and when the transmission grating 41 is set, the transmission grating 41 can be at a fixed angle with the mounting body 35, and the present invention does not limit this either, and the fixed angle between the transmission grating 41 and the first optical sleeve 1 can be adjusted according to actual needs; the fixed shaft 321 is an important component in the optical sleeve 3, and the base 34 is connected thereto, and the midpoint of the dispersion system 4 coincides with the midpoint of the fixed shaft 321, which helps to maintain the symmetry and balance of the entire system, and also helps to ensure that the second optical sleeve 5 maintains the precise position of the transmission grating 41 when rotating, thereby improving the accuracy of spectral analysis.

[0032] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the mounting body 35 is provided with a plurality of through holes 351 along its circumference; on the transmission grating 41 mounting body 35, the mounting body 35 is connected to the base 34, and a plurality of through holes 351 are provided around the mounting body 35, and epoxy resin optical glue is dripped into the plurality of through holes 351 to fix the mounting body 35 to the base 34, without the need for screw fixation, thereby providing a very stable connection and reducing displacement caused by mechanical vibration or temperature change; conventional screw fixation may cause stress concentration at the connection point, while the use of glue fixation can distribute the stress more evenly and reduce potential deformation or damage; epoxy resin optical glue can reduce the slight deformation of the transmission grating 41 caused by mechanical fixation, thereby maintaining the precise alignment and optical performance of the optical element; glue fixation provides a durable connection that can withstand various environmental factors that may be encountered during long-term operation, such as temperature changes, humidity, etc., simplifying the assembly process, reducing maintenance requirements, and improving product durability and production efficiency.

[0033] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical housing 3 further includes a sealing member 36, which includes a sealing seat 361, a sealing cover 362 and two sealing plates 363. The sealing seat 361 is sleeved on the damping bearing 322, and the two sealing plates 363 are relatively arranged on the sealing seat 361. The two ends of each sealing plate 363 are respectively connected to the two second plates 332, and the two ends of the sealing cover 362 are respectively connected to the two sealing plates 363; the sealing cover 362, the two sealing plates 363, the sealing seat 361 and the two second plates 332 enclose a sealed cavity 31. The formation of the sealed cavity 31 can protect the internal components from dust, moisture and other environmental factors, thereby extending the service life of the device. Good sealing can also reduce light leakage from the gaps in the optical housing 3 and improve the light efficiency of the spectrometer 100. The seal 36 can enhance the durability of the optical housing 3, enabling it to withstand a more severe working environment. By reducing the impact of environmental factors on optical components, the seal 36 helps to improve the measurement accuracy of the spectrometer 100.

[0034] In one embodiment, the multiple through holes 351 and the seal 36 on the mounting body 35 can be set at the same time or one of them can be set selectively, and the present invention does not impose any limitation on this; the multiple through holes 351 on the mounting body 35 can simplify the assembly process of the mounting body 35 and the base 34, and provide a stable connection, and the seal 36 helps to improve the measurement accuracy of the spectrometer 100.

[0035] To improve the installation stability and reliability of detector 7, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment of the present invention, the spectrometer 100 includes a fixing seat 8, which is connected to an end of the second optical sleeve 5 away from the optical housing 3 and is located at the focal plane of the focusing mirror 6, and the fixing seat 8 is used to fix the detector 7. The fixing seat 8 provides a stable installation platform for the detector 7. The fixing seat 8 is connected to one end of the second optical sleeve 5 to ensure the alignment and fixation of the detector 7 with the optical system, providing a stable support for the detector 7 and reducing the displacement caused by vibration or impact; the fixing seat 8 is located at the focal plane of the focusing mirror 6, which is to ensure that the light reflected or refracted from the focusing mirror 6 can accurately fall on the detector 7, so as to perform effective spectral analysis. The precise placement of the fixing seat 8 on the focal plane can improve the detection accuracy of the spectrometer 100; the design of the fixing seat 8 makes the installation and maintenance of the detector 7 more convenient, and the stable fixation of the detector 7 reduces the measurement error caused by the change of the position of the detector 7, thereby improving the reliability of the system; the setting of the fixing seat 8, whether the spectrometer 100 requires high sensitivity or a specific spectral range, the user can replace the detector 7 with different parameters, so that the spectrometer 100 can adapt to a variety of different measurement requirements, and the user can also select the most suitable detector 7 according to the specific application scenario, providing operational flexibility.

[0036] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the spectrometer 100 includes an adapter flange 9 and a plurality of fasteners. The adapter flange 9 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 91 spaced apart along the circumference of the adapter flange 9. A side wall of each annular groove 91 forms a limiting step 92. A positioning convex ring 93 is formed on the side of the adapter flange 9 facing the second optical sleeve 5. The second optical sleeve 5 can be rotatably sleeved on the positioning convex ring 93. Each of the fasteners passes through an annular groove 91 and abuts against the limiting step 92, and is penetrated through the fixing seat 8 and screwed to the fixing seat 8. When installing the second optical sleeve 5, the adapter flange 9 and the fixing seat 8, one end of the second optical sleeve 5 is connected and fixed to the second plate 332, and the other end of the second optical sleeve 5 is sleeved on the positioning convex ring 93 of the adapter flange 9, and then the fixing seat 8 is aligned, and a fastener is used to pass through the annular groove 91 and screwed to the fixing seat 8 to achieve the connection between the fixing seat 8 and the second optical sleeve 5; the design of the positioning convex ring 93 ensures the precise positioning between the adapter flange 9 and the second optical sleeve 5, and also ensures the sealing of the connection between the fixing seat 8 and the second optical sleeve 5; the design of the limiting step 92, the fastener and the annular groove 91 allows the second optical sleeve 5 and the adapter flange 9 to rotate arbitrarily, and the fixing seat 8 remains stationary, which is more beneficial for the linear array sensor to adjust the angle to ensure the level, enhances the structural stability of the entire spectrometer 100, and makes installation and disassembly more convenient.

[0037] In order to allow the user to adjust the luminous flux and resolution as needed, in one embodiment of the present invention, the size of the incident slit 21 is adjustable. By adjusting the size of the incident slit 21 to control the width of the light beam entering the system, the luminous flux and resolution of the system are affected. The position of the incident slit 21 is usually located at the focal plane of the collimating lens 22, so that the light beam coming out of the incident slit 21 can be collimated into parallel light after passing through the collimating lens 22. The incident slit 21 is the first slit through which the light beam passes, and it preliminarily limits the width and shape of the light beam. The size of the incident slit 21 can be adjusted, allowing the user to adjust the luminous flux and resolution as needed. A smaller slit can improve the resolution but reduce the luminous flux, while a larger slit is the opposite. The user can adjust the slit width according to the specific measurement requirements to optimize the balance between luminous flux and resolution. The adjustable size of the incident slit 21 enables the spectrometer 100 to adapt to Various application scenarios, whether high resolution or high luminous flux is required, by adjusting the slit width, the resolution can be improved while maintaining sufficient luminous flux, or the luminous flux can be increased when more light signals are needed; the size of the incident slit 21 is adjustable, and a manual knob or screw device can be used to adjust the size of the slit by rotating or moving the knob, or a stepper motor or servo motor can be connected to a precision fine-tuning screw to adjust the size of the slit through precise control of the motor, and a spiral clamping mechanism can be used to adjust the distance between the two slit edges by rotation, thereby changing the size of the slit, or a precision linear guide and slider system can be used in the slit device to change the opening size of the slit by moving the slider, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the incident slit 21 and the collimating lens 22 is the focal length of the collimating lens 22. The distance between the incident slit 21 and the collimating lens 22 is set to the focal length of the collimating lens 22. This particular design ensures that the light beam from the slit can form an ideal parallel light beam after passing through the collimating lens 22, which helps to improve the optical efficiency and resolution of the spectrometer 100.

[0039] In one embodiment, the size of the incident slit 21 can be adjusted and the distance between the incident slit 21 and the collimating lens 22 is set to the focal length of the collimating lens 22, which can be set at the same time or one of them can be set selectively, and the present invention does not impose any restriction on this; the setting of the adjustable size of the incident slit allows the user to adjust the luminous flux and resolution as needed, and the distance between the incident slit 21 and the collimating lens 22 is set to the focal length of the collimating lens 22, so as to ensure that the light beam coming out of the slit can form an ideal parallel light beam after passing through the collimating lens 22.

[0040] See also Figure 5 and Figure 7In one embodiment of the present invention, the spectrometer 100 includes a filter 110, the second optical sleeve 5 is provided with a slot 51 with a notch, the filter 110 is arranged in the slot 51, and a side wall of the slot 51 is provided with a rotatably connected light shielding cover, and the light shielding cover is used to open or close the notch of the slot 51. The user can choose whether to use the filter 110 according to the needs, which provides greater flexibility. By using the filter 110, stray light can be effectively reduced and the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrometer 100 can be improved. Different filters 110 can be used to select different spectral ranges, so that the spectrometer 100 can adapt to a variety of different applications; the slot 51 opened on the second optical sleeve 5 has a notch for placing the filter 110. This design allows the filter 110 to be quickly replaced to meet different measurement requirements; a side wall of the slot 51 is provided with a rotatably connected light-shielding cover for controlling the opening and closing of the notch of the slot 51. When the filter 110 is not needed, the light-shielding cover can close the notch to prevent light from directly entering the slot 51 and prevent dust and other contaminants from entering, thereby avoiding affecting the performance of the spectrometer 100. The rotatably connected light-shielding cover makes opening and closing the notch simple and quick.

[0041] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned structural parts (such as the first optical sleeve 1, the optical sleeve 3 and the second optical sleeve 5, etc.) are all black. The black structural parts can absorb and reduce reflected light, thereby reducing the generation of stray light and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrometer 100. Reducing stray light helps to improve the efficiency of the optical system, so that more light energy can be received by the detector 7 instead of being lost by unnecessary reflections. Reducing stray light can enhance the quality of the signal, so that the spectrometer 100 can provide clearer spectral data. Reducing stray light is crucial to improving the precision and accuracy of spectral measurement. Reducing stray light can reduce the system instability caused by reflection and scattering in the optical path 11.

[0042] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spectrometer, characterized in that: include; a first optical sleeve; A collimation system, the collimation system comprising an incident slit and a collimation lens, the incident slit and the collimation lens are sequentially arranged in the first optical sleeve, and the optical axis of the incident slit is aligned with the optical axis of the collimation lens to form an optical path; An optical casing, the optical casing being connected to an end of the first optical sleeve away from the incident slit; A dispersion system, the dispersion system comprising at least two transmission gratings arranged side by side and spaced apart from each other, each of the transmission gratings being arranged in the optical housing and located on the light output path of the collimating lens; A second optical sleeve, the second optical sleeve being rotatably connected to an end of the optical sleeve away from the first optical sleeve; A focusing mirror, which is arranged in the second optical sleeve and located on the light-emitting path of the transmission grating; as well as A detector, the detector is arranged at an end of the second optical sleeve away from the optical housing and located on the focal plane of the focusing mirror; Wherein, the first optical sleeve, the optical housing and the second optical sleeve are connected and arranged in sequence.

2. The spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical housing includes a rotating member and two mounting seats, each of the mounting seats includes a first plate and a second plate connected to each other, the rotating member can be rotatably penetrated through the first plate of each mounting seat, wherein the second plate of one mounting seat is connected to the first optical sleeve, and wherein the second plate of another mounting seat is connected to the second optical sleeve.

3. The spectrometer according to claim 2, characterized in that The rotating member comprises a fixed shaft and a damping bearing, the optical housing comprises a base, the damping bearing is sleeved on the fixed shaft, the first plate of each mounting seat is sleeved on the damping bearing, and the base is connected to the fixed shaft.

4. The spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that The optical housing further comprises a mounting body, the transmission gratings are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the mounting body, a side of the mounting body facing away from the transmission grating is connected to the base, and the midpoint of the dispersion system is the midpoint of the fixed axis.

5. The spectrometer according to claim 4, characterized in that The mounting body is provided with a plurality of through holes along its circumference.

6. The spectrometer according to claim 4, characterized in that The optical housing further comprises a sealing member, which comprises a sealing seat, a sealing cover and two sealing plates. The sealing seat is sleeved on the damping bearing, and the two sealing plates are arranged opposite to the sealing seat. The two ends of each sealing plate are respectively connected to the two second plates, and the two ends of the sealing cover are respectively connected to the two sealing plates. The sealing cover, the two sealing plates, the sealing seat and the two second plates enclose a sealed cavity.

7. The spectrometer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The spectrometer comprises a fixing seat, which is connected to an end of the second optical sleeve away from the optical housing and is located at the focal plane of the focusing mirror. The fixing seat is used to fix the detector.

8. The spectrometer according to claim 7, characterized in that The spectrometer includes an adapter flange and a plurality of fasteners. The adapter flange is provided with a plurality of annular grooves spaced apart along the circumference of the adapter flange. A side wall of each annular groove forms a limiting step. A positioning convex ring is formed on the side of the adapter flange facing the second optical sleeve. The second optical sleeve can be rotatably mounted on the positioning convex ring. Each of the fasteners passes through an annular groove and abuts against the limiting step, and is penetrated through the fixing seat and screwed to the fixing seat.

9. The spectrometer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The size of the entrance slit is adjustable; and / or The distance between the incident slit and the collimating lens is the focal length of the collimating lens.

10. The spectrometer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The spectrometer comprises a filter, the second optical sleeve is provided with a slot with a notch, the filter is arranged in the slot, a rotatably connected light shielding cover is provided on one side wall of the slot, and the light shielding cover is used to open or close the notch of the slot.

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