Locomotive coupler physical performance test platform and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coupler physical performance testing equipment, and particularly relates to a locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform which comprises a base plate, mounting frames are fixedly mounted on the surface of the upper end of the base plate, a threaded rod is rotatably connected between the two mounting frames through a bearing, and a guide rod is fixedly connected between the two mounting frames. The periphery of the guide rod is slidably sleeved with a first moving seat and a second moving seat, the periphery of the threaded rod is sleeved with a threaded sleeve in a threaded mode, the threaded sleeve and the first moving seat are fixedly installed, and a first lapping plate and a second lapping plate are fixedly installed on the upper end surfaces of the first moving seat and the second moving seat respectively. Under the action of the first reset part, the second movable seat can be slowly reset, later reuse is facilitated, traditional reset parts such as a spring are replaced through cooperation of the piston barrel and the piston block and the principle of compressed air, and the more gentle reset effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coupler physical performance testing equipment, and in particular to a locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform and method. Background Art

[0002] In the locomotive manufacturing and maintenance industry, the physical performance test of locomotive couplers is an important part of ensuring driving safety. However, the traditional locomotive coupler physical performance test platform has many limitations and shortcomings in design and application, which seriously restrict the accuracy of the test results and the reliability of the test process.

[0003] First, the traditional reset mechanism mainly relies on mechanical parts such as springs. This reset method often shows a relatively rigid characteristic during the reset process and cannot achieve a gentle reset of the locomotive coupler. At the same time, due to the lack of effective tension monitoring methods, testers cannot obtain real-time tension data during the test, making it difficult to accurately evaluate the physical properties of the locomotive coupler.

[0004] Secondly, when the locomotive coupler reaches the set tension limit during the test, the traditional test platform often lacks an automatic disengagement mechanism, causing the equipment to continue to apply tension, which is not only easy to damage the locomotive coupler, but also may cause irreversible damage to the test equipment. In addition, due to the lack of necessary support and protection measures during the test, the locomotive coupler is prone to bend or damage due to free fall when it is separated from the test platform, further affecting the accuracy of the test results.

[0005] Furthermore, traditional test platforms usually require manual operation to stop the equipment after the test, which is not only inefficient, but may also cause equipment failure or damage due to improper operation. At the same time, long-term operation of the equipment will also increase energy consumption and wear, thereby shortening the service life of the equipment. For this reason, we provide a locomotive coupler physical performance test platform and method. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform and method to more accurately solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The invention proposes a locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform, comprising a base plate, a mounting frame fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the base plate, a threaded rod rotatably connected between the two mounting frames through a bearing, a guide rod fixedly connected between the two mounting frames, a movable seat 1 and a movable seat 2 are slidably sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod respectively, a threaded sleeve is threadedly sleeved on the periphery of the threaded rod, and the threaded sleeve is fixedly mounted on the movable seat 1, a mounting plate 1 and a mounting plate 2 are fixedly mounted on the upper end surfaces of the movable seat 1 and the movable seat 2 respectively, a locomotive coupler is placed on the upper end surfaces of the mounting plate 1 and the mounting plate 2, a strip-shaped through groove and a through hole are respectively provided on the locomotive coupler, a self-detaching component is connected between the mounting plate 1 and the locomotive coupler; a disassembly structure is connected between the mounting plate 2 and the locomotive coupler; a reset component 1 for slowly resetting the movable seat 2 in the later stage is connected between the base plate and the movable seat 2;

[0009] The reset component 1 includes a mounting rod fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate, the upper end of the mounting rod is fixedly connected to a piston cylinder, the side of the movable seat 2 is fixedly mounted with a Z-shaped plate 1, the surface of the Z-shaped plate 1 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, the end of the connecting rod is fixedly mounted with a piston block, and the piston block piston is connected to the inner wall of the piston cylinder; a pressure display gauge is fixedly mounted on the piston cylinder for displaying the internal pressure value of the piston cylinder;

[0010] A supporting and protecting mechanism for preventing the locomotive hook from falling is connected between the base plate and the Z-shaped plate;

[0011] A stop structure for timely stopping is connected between the base plate and the movable seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the self-detaching assembly includes a rectangular through groove formed on the surface of the first mounting plate, an arc-shaped limit block is inserted into the inner wall of the rectangular through groove, and a reset component 2 is connected between the first mounting plate and the arc-shaped limit block;

[0013] The second reset component includes a strip-shaped placement groove opened on the side of the arc-shaped limit block, and a vertical fixing rod 1 is fixedly connected between the two end walls of the strip-shaped placement groove. The outer sleeve of the vertical fixing rod 1 is provided with a spring, and the spring is fixedly connected to the end wall of the rectangular through groove. The outer sleeve of the vertical fixing rod 1 is provided with a sliding sleeve block.

[0014] Furthermore, the supporting and protecting mechanism comprises a Z-shaped plate 2 fixedly mounted on the surface of the Z-shaped plate 1, a U-shaped mounting block fixedly mounted on the end of the Z-shaped plate 2, and the U-shaped mounting block is rotatably connected to a roller via a rotating shaft for rolling and supporting the locomotive hook member;

[0015] A guide groove is provided on the upper end surface of the base plate, a guide sliding block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove, a second vertical fixing rod is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the guide sliding block, and the upper end of the second vertical fixing rod is fixedly connected to the U-shaped mounting block for further support.

[0016] Furthermore, the stop structure includes a connecting block fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate, a switch button fixedly mounted on the surface of the connecting block, an L-shaped block fixedly connected to the side of the movable seat, a touch rod fixedly connected to the surface of the L-shaped block for touching the switch button to realize the rapid shutdown of the servo motor.

[0017] Furthermore, a mounting seat is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting frame, a servo motor is fixedly installed on the mounting frame through the mounting seat, and the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod, a wire is electrically connected to the servo motor, and one end of the wire is electrically connected to the switch button.

[0018] Furthermore, the disassembly and assembly structure includes an n-type frame fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the second mounting plate, a plug pin is inserted at the upper end of the n-type frame, and a plug hole is opened on the upper end surface of the second mounting plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the arc-shaped limit block passes through a strip-shaped through-slot design, and is similar to the locomotive hook member pulled by the motor vehicle and moves synchronously with the movement of the moving seat, and one side of the upper end is designed in an arc shape for downward movement due to force.

[0020] Furthermore, the plug pin passes through the through hole and is inserted into the inner wall of the plug hole, and the inner diameter of the plug hole is matched with the designed outer diameter of the plug pin to limit the movement of one end of the locomotive hook.

[0021] Furthermore, the upper end of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the end wall of the strip-shaped placement groove, and the lower end of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the spring.

[0022] Furthermore, a method for testing the physical properties of a locomotive coupler is provided, comprising a locomotive coupler physical properties testing platform according to the claim, comprising the following steps:

[0023] The locomotive hook is placed on the first and second mounting plates, and the arc-shaped limit block passes through the strip-shaped through slot and the plug pin passes through the through hole and is inserted into the inner wall of the plug hole;

[0024] Then start the servo motor to drive the threaded rod to rotate. When the moving seat 1 moves, the locomotive hook piece on the mounting plate 1 will be subjected to tension, and then the moving seat 2 will move accordingly. At this time, the piston block will move at the inner wall of the piston cylinder, forming a certain amount of air compression. When the compression cannot be further compressed, observe the pressure value on the pressure display and observe whether the locomotive hook piece is deformed or broken. At this time, the arc-shaped limit block will also be squeezed and moved downward, thereby disengaging from the strip-shaped through groove, so that the locomotive hook piece will no longer be subjected to the upper end surface of the tension spring.

[0025] When the locomotive hook part may fall during the test, the rollers on the Z-shaped plate 2 and the U-shaped mounting block will provide support to prevent it from falling directly and causing bending and damage to the equipment;

[0026] During the whole process, when the moving seat 1 moves to a certain position, the touch rod on the L-shaped block will touch the switch button; the switch button is electrically connected to the servo motor through a wire. When touched, the power supply of the servo motor will be quickly cut off to stop it from rotating, thereby stopping the movement of the moving seat 1 and avoiding power consumption caused by not stopping in time.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] The present invention enables the movable seat 2 to be slowly reset under the action of the reset component 1, which not only facilitates the subsequent reuse, but also utilizes the principle of compressed air to replace traditional reset components such as springs through the cooperation between the piston cylinder and the piston block, thereby achieving a more gentle reset effect; at the same time, the pressure display meter equipped on the piston cylinder can display the internal pressure value in real time, thereby indirectly reflecting the magnitude of the pulling force, providing a strong guarantee for the accuracy and safety of the test data; this design not only improves the practicability of the equipment, but also enhances the accuracy of the test.

[0029] The present invention fully considers the safety during the test process through the design of the self-detaching component; when the set tension limit is reached, the locomotive hook part can automatically detach from the mounting plate one, thereby avoiding damage to the equipment or locomotive hook part caused by the equipment continuing to apply tension even though the test effect has been achieved; this design not only protects the test equipment, but also ensures the integrity of the locomotive hook part during the test process, providing strong support for normal use in the later stage.

[0030] During the test process of the present invention, the supporting and protecting mechanism supports the locomotive hook part by means of components such as rollers and vertical fixing rods, thereby effectively preventing the locomotive hook part from bending due to falling when it is detached from the mounting plate; this design not only protects the equipment from damage, but also ensures the accuracy of the test results; at the same time, the design of the stop structure can quickly achieve a stopping effect when necessary, which not only saves power resources, but also avoids rapid failure of the equipment caused by long-term operation; this double protection design not only improves the reliability and stability of the equipment, but also provides a strong guarantee for the safety and accuracy of the test process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a locomotive hook member after being disassembled according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a locomotive hook member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of an arc-shaped limit block and a mounting plate 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 A structural cross-sectional view of a reset assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 An embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at center A;

[0037] Figure 7 An embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at point B.

[0038] In the figure: 1, base plate; 2, mounting frame; 3, threaded rod; 4, guide rod; 5, moving seat 1; 6, moving seat 2; 7, threaded kit; 8, mounting plate 1; 9, mounting plate 2; 10, locomotive hook piece; 11, strip through groove; 12, through hole; 13, rectangular through groove; 14, arc-shaped limit block; 15, strip placement groove; 16, vertical fixing rod 1; 17, spring; 18, sliding sleeve block; 19, mounting rod; 20, piston cylinder; 21. Z-type plate 1; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Piston block; 24. Pressure display gauge; 25. Z-type plate 2; 26. U-type mounting block; 27. Roller; 28. Guide groove; 29. ​​Guide slide block; 30. Vertical fixing rod 2; 31. Connecting block; 32. Switch button; 33. Mounting seat; 34. Servo motor; 35. Wire; 36. L-type block; 37. Touch rod; 38. N-type frame; 39. Connecting pin; 40. Connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to more clearly and completely illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Example

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a locomotive coupler physical performance test platform proposed in one embodiment of the present invention, the platform body is composed of a base plate 1, which serves as a stable foundation for the entire test platform. The base plate 1 is made of high-strength steel to ensure that no deformation or displacement occurs during the test. Two mounting frames 2 are respectively fixed on both sides of the base plate 1, and a high-strength threaded rod 3 is rotatably connected between them through precision bearings. One end of the threaded rod 3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 34, and is driven to rotate by the servo motor 34. Through the rotation of the threaded rod 3, the linear movement speed and distance of the moving seat 1 5 can be accurately controlled; the guide rod 4 is arranged parallel to the threaded rod 3, and its two ends are respectively fixed on the two mounting frames 2. The moving seat 1 5 and the moving seat 2 6 are respectively connected to the guide rod 4 by sliding to ensure stability and linearity during the movement process. The moving seat 1 5 is provided with a threaded sleeve 7, which cooperates with the threaded rod 3 to achieve movement; the mounting plate 1 8 and the mounting plate 2 9 are respectively fixed to the upper end surfaces of the moving seat 1 5 and the moving seat 2 6, and are used to place the locomotive coupler 10. The locomotive hook piece 10 is provided with a strip-shaped through groove 11 and a through hole 12, which is convenient for connecting with the components of the test platform. The surfaces of the mounting plate 1 8 and the mounting plate 2 9 are both precisely processed to ensure that the contact surface with the locomotive hook piece 10 is flat and smooth.

[0042] Furthermore, a rectangular through slot 13 is provided on the surface of the mounting plate 8 to accommodate an arc-shaped stopper 14. The arc-shaped stopper 14 has a shape matching the strip through slot 11 and is used to move synchronously with the locomotive hook member 10 under the action of tension. When the tension exceeds a set value, the arc-shaped stopper 14 moves downward under the action of the spring 17 and disengages from the strip through slot 11, thereby realizing the self-disengagement of the locomotive hook member 10.

[0043] Reset component 2: includes a strip placement groove 15, a vertical fixing rod 16, a spring 17 and a sliding sleeve 18. The spring 17 is sleeved on the vertical fixing rod 16, one end of which is fixed to the end wall of the rectangular through groove 13, and the other end is connected to the arc-shaped limit block 14 through the sliding sleeve 18. When the arc-shaped limit block 14 moves downward, the spring 17 is compressed; when the tension disappears, the spring 17 returns to its original state, pushing the arc-shaped limit block 14 to reset.

[0044] Furthermore, the mounting rod 19 is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the base plate 1 to support the piston cylinder 20 .

[0045] The piston cylinder 20 has an upper end fixedly connected to the mounting rod 19, and a piston block 23 and compressed air are arranged inside the piston cylinder 20. The piston block 23 is fixedly connected to the side of the movable seat 26 through a connecting rod 22.

[0046] Pressure display gauge 24: fixedly mounted on the piston cylinder 20, used to display the pressure value inside the piston cylinder 20 in real time, thereby indirectly reflecting the magnitude of the pulling force.

[0047] When the movable seat 26 moves under the action of the pulling force, the piston block 23 moves in the piston cylinder 20, changing the internal pressure. After the test is completed, the compressed air in the piston cylinder 20 is slowly released to push the piston block 23 and the movable seat 26 to reset.

[0048] Furthermore, the Z-shaped plate 25 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the Z-shaped plate 1 21 and is used to support the roller 27 .

[0049] Roller 27: Rotatably connected to the U-shaped mounting block 26 via a rotating shaft, used to roll and support the locomotive coupler 10 during the test process to reduce friction and wear.

[0050] Guide slot 28 and guide slider 29: The guide slot 28 is provided on the upper surface of the base plate 1, and the guide slider 29 is slidably connected in the guide slot 28. A second vertical fixing rod 30 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the guide slider 29, and the upper end of the second vertical fixing rod 30 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped mounting block 26. This structure further enhances the stability of the support.

[0051] Furthermore, the connecting block 31 is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the base plate 1 and is used to support the switch button 32 .

[0052] The switch button 32 is connected to the power supply circuit of the servo motor 34 and is used to control the start and stop of the servo motor 34 .

[0053] L-shaped block 36 and touch rod 37: L-shaped block 36 is fixedly connected to the side of moving seat 1 5, and touch rod 37 is fixedly connected to the surface of L-shaped block 36. When moving seat 1 5 moves to the set position, touch rod 37 touches switch button 32, quickly cuts off the power supply of servo motor 34, and realizes quick stop.

[0054] Furthermore, the n-shaped frame 38 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the mounting plate 2 9 and is used to support the plug pin 39 .

[0055] The plug pin 39 can be inserted into the through hole 12 of the locomotive hook member 10 and the plug hole 40 of the mounting plate 29 to realize the rapid disassembly and assembly of the locomotive hook member 10. The inner diameter of the plug hole 40 is matched with the designed outer diameter of the plug pin 39 to ensure the stability and reliability of the plug connection.

[0056] Working principle of the present invention: Test preparation: Place the locomotive hook member 10 on the mounting plate 1 8 and the mounting plate 2 9 and fix them through the disassembly and assembly structure. Ensure that the arc-shaped limit block 14 is correctly inserted into the strip-shaped through groove 11, and check whether the connection of each component is firm.

[0057] Test starts: start the servo motor 34 to drive the threaded rod 3 to rotate. Through the cooperation between the threaded rod 3 and the threaded sleeve 7, the moving seat 1 5 moves toward the moving seat 2 6, thereby applying a pulling force to the locomotive hook member 10. At the same time, the pressure display meter 24 displays the magnitude of the pulling force in real time.

[0058] Tension monitoring and self-detachment: During the test, the tension is monitored in real time through the pressure display 24. When the tension exceeds the set value, the arc-shaped limit block 14 moves downward under the action of the spring 17 and detaches from the bar-shaped through groove 11, and the locomotive hook 10 is self-detached. At this time, the roller 27 continues to support the locomotive hook 10 to prevent it from being damaged due to free fall.

[0059] Support protection and reset: During the test, the roller 27 rolls and supports the locomotive hook 10 to reduce friction and wear. At the same time, the guide slide 29 and the vertical fixing rod 30 further enhance the stability of the support. After the test, the compressed air in the piston cylinder 20 is slowly released to push the piston block 23 and the moving seat 26 to reset. At this time, the arc-shaped limit block 14 is also reset to the initial position under the action of the spring 17.

[0060] Quick stop: When the moving seat 1 5 moves to the set position, the touch rod 37 touches the switch button 32, quickly cuts off the power supply of the servo motor 34, and realizes quick stop. At this time, the test platform stops working and waits for the next test.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is only an example and does not constitute a limitation of this specification. Although it is not explicitly stated here, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and corrections to this specification. Such modifications, improvements and corrections are suggested in this specification, so such modifications, improvements and corrections still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification. At the same time, this specification uses specific words to describe the embodiments of this specification. For example, "one embodiment", "one embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this specification can be appropriately combined. In addition, unless explicitly stated in the claims, the order of processing elements and sequences described in this specification, the use of alphanumeric characters, or the use of other names are not used to limit the order of the processes and methods of this specification.

Claims

1. A locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: The upper end surface of the base plate (1) is fixedly mounted with a mounting frame (2), a threaded rod (3) is rotatably connected between the two mounting frames (2) via a bearing, a guide rod (4) is fixedly connected between the two mounting frames (2), a movable seat 1 (5) and a movable seat 2 (6) are respectively slidably sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod (4), a threaded sleeve (7) is threadedly sleeved on the periphery of the threaded rod (3), and the threaded sleeve (7) is fixedly mounted on the movable seat 1 (5), and the upper end surfaces of the movable seat 1 (5) and the movable seat 2 (6) are respectively fixedly mounted with A mounting plate (8) and a mounting plate (9), wherein a locomotive hook member (10) is placed on the upper end surface of the mounting plate (8) and the mounting plate (9), and the locomotive hook member (10) is respectively provided with a strip-shaped through groove (11) and a through hole (12), and a self-detaching component is connected between the mounting plate (8) and the locomotive hook member (10); a disassembly structure is connected between the mounting plate (9) and the locomotive hook member (10); a reset component (1) is connected between the base plate (1) and the movable seat (6) for slowly resetting the movable seat (6) at a later stage; The reset component 1 comprises a mounting rod (19) fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate (1), the upper end of the mounting rod (19) being fixedly connected to a piston cylinder (20), a Z-shaped plate 1 (21) being fixedly mounted on the side of the movable seat 2 (6), a connecting rod (22) being fixedly connected to the surface of the Z-shaped plate 1 (21), a piston block (23) being fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting rod (22), and the piston of the piston block (23) being connected to the inner wall of the piston cylinder (20); a pressure display gauge (24) being fixedly mounted on the piston cylinder (20) for displaying the internal pressure value of the piston cylinder (20); A supporting and protecting mechanism for preventing the locomotive hook member (10) from falling is connected between the base plate (1) and the Z-shaped plate 1 (21); A stop structure for timely stopping is connected between the base plate (1) and the movable seat (5).

2. A locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-detaching assembly comprises a rectangular through groove (13) formed on the surface of the first mounting plate (8), an arc-shaped limit block (14) is inserted into the inner wall of the rectangular through groove (13), and a reset component 2 is connected between the first mounting plate (8) and the arc-shaped limit block (14); The second reset component comprises a strip-shaped placement groove (15) provided on the side of the arc-shaped limit block (14); a vertical fixing rod (16) is fixedly connected between the two end walls of the strip-shaped placement groove (15); a spring (17) is sleeved around the outer periphery of the vertical fixing rod (16); and the spring (17) is fixedly connected to the end wall of the rectangular through groove (13); and a sliding sleeve block (18) is sleeved around the outer periphery of the vertical fixing rod (16).

3. A locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting and protecting mechanism comprises a Z-shaped plate 2 (25) fixedly mounted on the surface of the Z-shaped plate 1 (21), a U-shaped mounting block (26) fixedly mounted on the end of the Z-shaped plate 2 (25), and the U-shaped mounting block (26) is rotatably connected to a roller (27) via a rotating shaft, and is used for rolling and supporting the locomotive hook member (10); The upper end surface of the base plate (1) is provided with a guide slide groove (28), the inner wall of the guide slide groove (28) is slidably connected with a guide slider (29), the upper end surface of the guide slider (29) is fixedly connected with a second vertical fixing rod (30), and the upper end of the second vertical fixing rod (30) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped mounting block (26) for further support.

4. A locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stop structure comprises a connection block (31) fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate (1), a switch button (32) being fixedly mounted on the surface of the connection block (31), an L-shaped block (36) being fixedly connected to the side of the movable seat (5), and a touch rod (37) being fixedly connected to the surface of the L-shaped block (36) for touching the switch button (32) to realize the rapid shutdown of the servo motor (34).

5. A locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: A mounting seat (33) is fixedly mounted on one end of the mounting frame (2), a servo motor (34) is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame (2) via the mounting seat (33), and an output end of the servo motor (34) is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod (3), a wire (35) is electrically connected to the servo motor (34), and one end of the wire (35) is electrically connected to the switch button (32).

6. A locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly and assembly structure comprises an n-shaped frame (38) fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the second mounting plate (9), a plug pin (39) is inserted at the upper end of the n-shaped frame (38), and a plug hole (40) is opened on the upper end surface of the second mounting plate (9).

7. A locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc-shaped limit block (14) is designed to pass through the strip-shaped through slot (11), and is the same as the locomotive hook member (10) and moves synchronously with the movement of the moving seat (5), and one side of the upper end is designed to be arc-shaped for downward movement under force.

8. A locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plug pin (39) passes through the through hole (12) and is inserted into the inner wall of the plug hole (40), and the inner diameter of the plug hole (40) is matched with the designed outer diameter of the plug pin (39) to limit the movement of one end of the locomotive hook member (10).

9. A locomotive coupler physical performance testing platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the sliding sleeve (18) is fixedly connected to the end wall of the strip-shaped placement groove (15), and the lower end of the sliding sleeve (18) is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the spring (17).

10. A method for testing the physical properties of a locomotive coupler, comprising the locomotive coupler physical properties testing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The locomotive hook member (10) is placed on the mounting plate 1 (8) and the mounting plate 2 (9), and the arc-shaped limit block (14) is passed through the strip-shaped through groove (11) and the plug pin (39) is passed through the through hole (12) and inserted into the inner wall of the plug hole (40); Then, the servo motor (34) is started to drive the threaded rod (3) to rotate. When the movable seat (5) moves, the locomotive hook member (10) on the mounting plate (8) will be subjected to tension, and the movable seat (6) will follow the movement. At this time, the piston block (23) will move at the inner wall of the piston cylinder (20), forming a certain air compression. When the compression cannot be further compressed, the pressure value of the pressure display meter (24) is observed to observe whether the locomotive hook member (10) is deformed or broken. At this time, the arc-shaped limit block (14) will also be squeezed and moved downward, thereby disengaging from the strip-shaped through groove (11), so that the locomotive hook member (10) is no longer subjected to the upper end surface of the tension spring (17). When the locomotive hook member (10) may fall during the test, the rollers (27) on the Z-shaped plate 2 (25) and the U-shaped mounting block (26) will provide support to prevent it from falling directly and causing bending and damage to the equipment; During the whole process, when the movable seat 1 (5) moves to a certain position, the touch rod (37) on the L-shaped block (36) touches the switch button (32); the switch button (32) is electrically connected to the servo motor (34) through the wire (35). When touched, the power supply of the servo motor (34) is quickly cut off to stop the rotation of the servo motor (34), thereby stopping the movement of the movable seat 1 (5) and avoiding power consumption caused by not stopping in time.

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