Photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof
By using a combination of field effect tubes and switching chips in the photovoltaic power generation system, the circuit state is adjusted according to the intensity of the sun's illumination, the problem of facility damage caused by photovoltaic current instability is solved, and the utilization efficiency and safety of the system are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411328847.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
Smart Images
Figure CN119171603A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to but is not limited to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic power generation system and a control method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is the process of converting energy using solar energy. Its core component is the photovoltaic panel, which converts the photon energy in sunlight into DC electricity through the photoelectric effect. As a clean and renewable energy form, photovoltaic power generation is of great significance to sustainable development.
[0003] In the related art, due to the volatility and intermittency of sunlight intensity, the current generated by photovoltaic panels frequently fluctuates unstably, and the fluctuating current can easily cause damage to electrical facilities connected to the photovoltaic panel circuit. Summary of the invention
[0004] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic power generation system and a control method thereof, which can improve the safety of the photovoltaic power generation system.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes a photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that it includes: a photovoltaic power generation module, which is used to generate electric energy using solar energy, and the photovoltaic power generation module is provided with a photovoltaic output end; a power consumption module, which is used to consume and store the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module, and the power consumption module is provided with an electric energy input end; a control module, including a first switch chip, a second switch chip, a first field effect transistor, a second field effect transistor, a third field effect transistor, a buffer inductor and a buffer capacitor, the first switch chip is provided with a first switch end and a second switch end, the second switch chip is provided with a third switch end, the first switch end is connected to the gate of the first field effect transistor, the second switch end is connected to the gate of the second field effect transistor, the third switch end is connected to the gate of the third field effect transistor, and the The photovoltaic output end is connected to the drain of the third field effect tube, the source of the third field effect tube is connected to the source of the first field effect tube, one end of the buffer inductor and the source of the second field effect tube are respectively connected to the drain of the first field effect tube, the drain of the second field effect tube is grounded, the other end of the buffer inductor is connected to one end of the buffer capacitor, the other end of the buffer capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the buffer inductor is also connected to the power input end; a control module, the photovoltaic power generation module, the power consumption module and the regulation module are respectively electrically connected to the control module, and the control module is used to obtain the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module and the input voltage of the power consumption module, and control the photovoltaic power generation module, the power consumption module and the regulation module according to the power generation voltage and the input voltage.
[0007] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation module includes a photovoltaic panel and a pan-tilt servo motor, the photovoltaic panel is connected to the active end of the pan-tilt servo motor, the pan-tilt servo motor is communicatively connected to the control module, and the control module is used to control the direction of the photovoltaic panel through the pan-tilt servo motor.
[0008] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation module also includes a current comparison component and a plurality of photoresistors, wherein the photoresistors are respectively installed around the photovoltaic panel, and each of the photoresistors is respectively connected to the current comparison component, and the current comparison component is used to compare the detection current of the path where each of the photoresistors is located, and the current comparison component is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module controls the direction of the photovoltaic panel according to the comparison of the detection current.
[0009] In one embodiment, the regulation module also includes a protection diode, the anode of the protection diode is grounded, and the cathode of the protection diode is connected to the power input end of the power consumption module; wherein, when the voltage between the cathode and the anode of the protection diode is greater than a preset protection threshold, the protection diode is reversely conducted.
[0010] In one embodiment, the power consumption module includes a battery management component and an energy storage battery, the energy storage battery is connected to the battery management component, and the battery management component is electrically connected to the control module.
[0011] In one embodiment, a networking module is also included, which is connected to the control module. The networking module is used to obtain positioning information, weather information and time information. The control module is used to control the working state of the photovoltaic power generation module according to the positioning information, the weather information and the time information.
[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the second aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes a control method for a photovoltaic power generation system, which is applied to the photovoltaic power generation system as described in the first aspect, wherein the photovoltaic power generation system includes a photovoltaic power generation module, a power consumption module, a regulation module and a control module, wherein the regulation module includes a first switch chip, a second switch chip, a first field effect transistor, a second field effect transistor, a third field effect transistor, a buffer inductor and a buffer capacitor, and the control method includes: obtaining the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module; when the power generation voltage is greater than a preset photovoltaic threshold, controlling the third field effect transistor to be turned on; continuously obtaining the input voltage of the power consumption module; when the input voltage is less than a preset first power consumption threshold, controlling the first field effect transistor to be turned on and controlling the second field effect transistor to be blocked; when the input voltage is greater than a preset second power consumption threshold, controlling the first field effect transistor to be blocked and controlling the second field effect transistor to be turned on.
[0013] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation module also includes a photovoltaic panel, a pan-tilt servo motor, a current comparison component and a plurality of photoresistors, wherein the photoresistors are distributed on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation module, and each of the photoresistors is respectively connected to the current comparison component. The control method also includes: obtaining the detection current of the path where each of the photoresistors is located, comparing the magnitudes of all the detection currents, and determining the maximum current resistance; and controlling the photovoltaic panel to rotate a preset unit angle in the direction where the maximum current resistance is located.
[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the control method of the photovoltaic power generation system as described in the second aspect.
[0015] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes a storage medium, which stores a computer program, and is characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the control method of the photovoltaic power generation system as described in the second aspect.
[0016] According to the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a third field effect transistor is connected between the photovoltaic power generation module and the power consumption module, the gate of the third field effect transistor is connected to the second switch chip, the source of the third field effect transistor is directed toward the power consumption module, and the drain of the third field effect transistor is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module. When the sunlight in the environment is insufficient, the second switch chip controls the third field effect transistor to be blocked. If the reverse voltage generated by the power consumption module is greater than the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light, the blocked third field effect transistor can prevent the power consumption module from reverse charging the photovoltaic power generation module. If the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light is greater than the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light, the reverse voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light is greater than the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light. When the power voltage is greater than the reverse voltage generated by the power consumption module, the photovoltaic power generation module can supply power to the power consumption module through the parasitic diode in the third field effect transistor, thereby improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system in utilizing sunlight; when the environment has sufficient sunlight, the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module is constantly greater than the reverse voltage generated by the power consumption module. At this time, the second switch chip controls the third field effect transistor to conduct, so that a path is formed between the photovoltaic power generation module and the power consumption module, reducing the resistance of the power generation voltage output by the photovoltaic power generation module to the power consumption module, reducing the energy loss of the path, and also improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system in utilizing sunlight.
[0017] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present application. The purpose and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.
[0019] Figure 1 An optional circuit diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 An optional system block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 Another optional structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic power generation module provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 An optional system block diagram of a battery management component provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an optional process for controlling the rotation of a photovoltaic panel provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 An optional flow chart of a control method for a photovoltaic power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 Another optional flow chart of controlling the rotation of a photovoltaic panel provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of an optional hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present application. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present application, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.
[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0022] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.
[0023] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installation, and electrical connection should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.
[0024] At present, due to the volatility and intermittency of sunlight intensity, the current generated by photovoltaic panels frequently fluctuates unstably, and the fluctuating current can easily cause damage to electrical facilities connected to the photovoltaic panel lines.
[0025] In response to the problem of frequent fluctuations in photovoltaic current, the present application provides a photovoltaic power generation system and a control method thereof, the photovoltaic power generation system comprising: a photovoltaic power generation module, used to generate electrical energy using solar energy, the photovoltaic power generation module being provided with a photovoltaic output terminal; a power consumption module, used to consume and store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module, the power consumption module being provided with an electrical energy input terminal; a control module, comprising a first switch chip, a second switch chip, a first field effect transistor, a second field effect transistor, a third field effect transistor, a buffer inductor and a buffer capacitor, the first switch chip being provided with a first switch terminal and a second switch terminal, the second switch chip being provided with a third switch terminal, the first switch terminal being connected to the gate of the first field effect transistor, the second switch terminal being connected to the gate of the second field effect transistor, and the third switch terminal being connected to the gate of the second field effect transistor. The photovoltaic power generation module, the power consumption module and the control module are electrically connected to the control module respectively. The control module is used to obtain the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module and the input voltage of the power consumption module, and control the photovoltaic power generation module, the power consumption module and the control module according to the power generation voltage and the input voltage. According to the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a third field effect transistor is connected between the photovoltaic power generation module and the power consumption module, the gate of the third field effect transistor is connected to the second switch chip, the source of the third field effect transistor is directed toward the power consumption module, and the drain of the third field effect transistor is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module. When the sunlight in the environment is insufficient, the second switch chip controls the third field effect transistor to be blocked. If the reverse voltage generated by the power consumption module is greater than the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light, the blocked third field effect transistor can prevent the power consumption module from reverse charging the photovoltaic power generation module. If the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light is greater than the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light, the reverse voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light is greater than the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light. When the power voltage is greater than the reverse voltage generated by the power consumption module, the photovoltaic power generation module can supply power to the power consumption module through the parasitic diode in the third field effect transistor, thereby improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system in utilizing sunlight; when the environment has sufficient sunlight, the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module is constantly greater than the reverse voltage generated by the power consumption module. At this time, the second switch chip controls the third field effect transistor to conduct, so that a path is formed between the photovoltaic power generation module and the power consumption module, reducing the resistance of the power generation voltage output by the photovoltaic power generation module to the power consumption module, reducing the energy loss of the path, and also improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system in utilizing sunlight.
[0026] The photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof provided in the embodiments of the present application are specifically described through the following embodiments. First, the photovoltaic power generation system in the embodiments of the present application is described.
[0027] The embodiments of the present application are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0028] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 2 One embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic power generation system, comprising: The photovoltaic power generation module 100 is used to generate electric energy using solar energy. The photovoltaic power generation module 100 is provided with a photovoltaic output terminal PV; The power module 200 is used to consume and store the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module 100. The power module 200 is provided with an electric energy input terminal VBat; The control module 300 includes a first switch chip U1, a first switch chip U2, a first field effect transistor Q1, a second field effect transistor Q2, a third field effect transistor Q3, a buffer inductor L1 and a buffer capacitor C1. The first switch chip U1 is provided with a first switch end and a second switch end, and the first switch chip U2 is provided with a third switch end. The first switch end is connected to the gate of the first field effect transistor Q1, the second switch end is connected to the gate of the second field effect transistor Q2, and the third switch end is connected to the gate of the third field effect transistor Q3. The photovoltaic output terminal PV is connected to the drain of the third field effect transistor Q3, and the source of the third field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the source of the first field effect transistor Q1. One end of the buffer inductor L1 and the source of the second field effect transistor Q2 are respectively connected to the drain of the first field effect transistor Q1, and the drain of the second field effect transistor Q2 is grounded. The other end of the buffer inductor L1 is connected to one end of the buffer capacitor C1, and the other end of the buffer capacitor C1 is grounded. The other end of the buffer inductor L1 is also connected to the power input terminal VBat; The control module 400, the photovoltaic power generation module 100, the power consumption module 200 and the regulation module 300 are respectively electrically connected to the control module 400. The control module 400 is used to obtain the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module 100 and the input voltage of the power consumption module 200, and control the photovoltaic power generation module 100, the power consumption module 200 and the regulation module 300 according to the power generation voltage and the input voltage.
[0029] It can be understood that by connecting the third field effect transistor Q3 between the photovoltaic power generation module 100 and the power module 200, the gate of the third field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the first switch chip U2, the source of the third field effect transistor Q3 is directed toward the power module 200, and the drain of the third field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module 100. When the sunlight in the environment is insufficient, the first switch chip U2 controls the third field effect transistor Q3 to be blocked. If the reverse voltage generated by the power module 200 is greater than the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module 100 under weak light, the blocked third field effect transistor Q3 can prevent the power module 200 from reversely charging the photovoltaic power generation module 100. If the photovoltaic power generation module 100 generates a reverse voltage under weak light, the reverse voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module 100 is greater than the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module 100 under weak light. When the generated voltage is greater than the reverse voltage generated by the power module 200, the photovoltaic power generation module 100 can supply power to the power module 200 through the parasitic diode in the third field effect transistor Q3, thereby improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system in utilizing sunlight; when there is sufficient sunlight in the environment, the generated voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module 100 is constantly greater than the reverse voltage generated by the power module 200. At this time, the first switch chip U2 controls the third field effect transistor Q3 to be turned on, so that a path is formed between the photovoltaic power generation module 100 and the power module 200, thereby reducing the resistance of the generated voltage output by the photovoltaic power generation module 100 to the power module 200, reducing the energy loss of the path, and also improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system in utilizing sunlight.
[0030] In a specific embodiment, the control module 400 continuously detects the input voltage of the power module 200. When the input voltage is less than a preset first power threshold, the first switch chip U1 controls the first field effect transistor Q1 to be turned on and controls the second field effect transistor Q2 to be blocked. The photovoltaic power generation module 100, the first field effect transistor Q1 and the power module 200 are turned on, and the buffer inductor L1 generates a reverse self-inductance voltage, so that the input voltage of the power module 200 is less than the power generation voltage. The buffer capacitor C1 stores electric energy. As the conduction time increases, the input voltage gradually increases. When the input voltage is greater than the preset second power threshold, the first switch chip U1 controls the first field effect transistor Q1 to be blocked and controls the second field effect transistor Q2 to be turned on. The path between the photovoltaic power generation module 100 and the power module 200 is disconnected, the buffer inductor L1 generates a positive self-inductance voltage, the buffer capacitor C1 releases the stored electric energy, and the input voltage decreases after a short increase. When the input voltage is less than the first power threshold, the above steps are executed again.
[0031] It should be noted that the second power consumption threshold needs to be smaller than the maximum input voltage that the power consumption module 200 can withstand.
[0032] It can be understood that when the input voltage is less than the preset first power consumption threshold, by setting a buffer inductor L1 in the path between the photovoltaic power generation module 100 and the power consumption module 200, the input voltage of the power module 200 can be made lower than the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module 100, thereby avoiding excessive input voltage causing excessive load on the power consumption module 200, and avoiding drastic fluctuations in the input voltage causing damage to the power consumption module 200. By setting the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2, and by setting the first switch chip U1 to control the conduction or blocking frequency of the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2 and the appropriate first power consumption threshold and second power consumption threshold, the input voltage can be maintained at the highest voltage level that does not damage the power consumption module 200, thereby improving the efficiency of power use while ensuring the safety of the power consumption module 200.
[0033] In a specific implementation, the model of the first switch chip U1 is EG2104S, the model of the first switch chip U2 is B1212S, and the power module 200 can be a household power module, a city power module, or an energy storage module, which will not be limited here.
[0034] In addition, refer to Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the photovoltaic power generation module 100 includes a photovoltaic panel 110 and a pan-tilt servo motor 120, the photovoltaic panel 110 is connected to the active end of the pan-tilt servo motor 120, the pan-tilt servo motor 120 is communicatively connected to the control module 400, and the control module 400 is used to control the direction of the photovoltaic panel 110 through the pan-tilt servo motor 120.
[0035] In a specific embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation module 100 includes multiple photovoltaic panels 110, and the photovoltaic panels 110 are arranged on the same plane. The control module 400 obtains the power generation voltage of each photovoltaic panel 110 respectively, determines the maximum voltage and its corresponding photovoltaic panel 110, and the control module 400 controls the pan-tilt servo motor 120 to rotate so that all photovoltaic panels 110 rotate by a unit angle toward the position of the photovoltaic panel 110 corresponding to the maximum voltage. The control module 400 obtains the power generation voltage of each photovoltaic panel 110 again and determines the maximum voltage, and controls all photovoltaic panels 110 to rotate by a unit angle toward the position of the photovoltaic panel 110 corresponding to the new maximum voltage, until the difference in the power generation voltage of any two photovoltaic panels 110 is less than the preset first angle difference threshold.
[0036] In a specific embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation module 100 also includes a wind speed sensor and a wind direction sensor, which are electrically connected to the control module 400 respectively. When the wind speed detected by the wind speed sensor is greater than a preset speed threshold, the control module 400 controls the photovoltaic panel 110 to rotate so that the photovoltaic panel 110 is parallel to the wind direction.
[0037] In a specific embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation module further includes a button assembly (not shown in the figure), and the user can choose to manually adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel or automatically adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel by pressing the button.
[0038] In addition, refer again Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the photovoltaic power generation module 100 also includes a current comparison component (not shown in the figure) and a plurality of photoresistors 130. The photoresistors 130 are respectively installed around the photovoltaic panel 110. Each photoresistor 130 is respectively connected to the current comparison component. The current comparison component is used to compare the detection current of the path where each photoresistor 130 is located. The current comparison component is electrically connected to the control module 400. The control module 400 controls the direction of the photovoltaic panel 110 according to the comparison of the detection current.
[0039] In a specific embodiment, five photoresistors 130 are provided on each photovoltaic panel 110, and the photoresistors 130 are respectively installed in the east, south, west, north and middle of the photovoltaic panel 110. When the detection current of the photoresistor 130 located in the middle is the largest, the angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 is not adjusted; when the detection current of the path where the photoresistor 130 located on the side is greater than the detection current of other parts, and the difference between the detection currents is greater than a preset second angle difference threshold, the control module 400 controls the photovoltaic panel 110 to rotate a unit angle in the direction of the maximum detection current. When the difference between the detection currents of each side is less than the second angle difference threshold, or the detection current in the middle is the largest, the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 110 is suspended.
[0040] In a specific implementation, the current comparison component includes a plurality of ammeters (not shown in the figure), which are respectively connected in series with each photoresistor 130 , and the control module 400 reads the reading of each ammeter to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 .
[0041] In addition, refer again Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the control module 300 further includes a protection diode D1, the anode of the protection diode D1 is grounded, and the cathode of the protection diode D1 is connected to the power input terminal VBat of the power module 200; When the voltage between the cathode and the anode of the protection diode D1 is greater than a preset protection threshold, the protection diode D1 conducts in reverse.
[0042] In a specific implementation, the protection threshold of the protection diode D1 is equal to the maximum load threshold of the power consumption module 200 .
[0043] It can be understood that when the input voltage of the power module 200 is less than the maximum load threshold, the protection diode D1 is blocked, and the current output by the photovoltaic power generation module 100 flows into the power module 200; when the input voltage of the power module 200 is greater than the maximum load threshold, the protection diode D1 is turned on, and the current flows into the ground, thereby protecting the power module 200 from damage.
[0044] In a specific embodiment, the control module 300 also includes a first fuse F1, one end of the first fuse F1 is connected to the buffer inductor L1, and the other end of the first fuse F1 is connected to the power module 200. When a short circuit occurs between the photovoltaic power generation module 100 and the power module 200, the temperature of the first fuse F1 rises and melts, thereby disconnecting the photovoltaic power generation module 100 from the power module 200.
[0045] In addition, the control module 300 further includes a second fuse F2 , one end of the second fuse F2 is connected to the photovoltaic output terminal PV, and the other end of the second fuse F2 is connected to the drain of the third field effect transistor Q3 .
[0046] In addition, refer to Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the power module 200 includes a battery management component 210 and an energy storage battery 220 , the energy storage battery 220 is connected to the battery management component 210 , and the battery management component 210 is electrically connected to the control module 400 .
[0047] In a specific embodiment, the battery management component 210 includes a voltage sensor 211, a current sensor 212, a temperature sensor 213, an alarm 214 and a battery controller 215. The alarm 214, the voltage sensor 211, the current sensor 212 and the temperature sensor 213 are respectively connected to the battery controller 215. The voltage sensor 211 is used to obtain the voltage value between the positive and negative poles of the battery, the current sensor 212 is used to obtain the current value of the circuit where the current is located, and the temperature sensor 213 is used to obtain the operating temperature of the battery surface. The battery controller 215 controls the charge and discharge state of the energy storage battery 220 based on the above voltage value, current value and operating temperature. When the controller determines that the current energy storage battery 220 is in an abnormal state, the controller stops the charge and discharge of the energy storage battery 220, controls the alarm 214 to alarm, collects abnormal information of the energy storage battery 220 and sends it to the user.
[0048] In a specific implementation, the protection threshold of the protection diode D1 is equal to the maximum charging threshold of the energy storage battery 220 .
[0049] In addition, refer again Figure 2As shown, some embodiments of the present application further include a networking module 500, which is connected to the control module 400. The networking module 500 is used to obtain positioning information, weather information and time information, and the control module 400 is used to control the working state of the photovoltaic power generation module 100 according to the positioning information, weather information and time information.
[0050] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 5 As shown, the control module 400 obtains the positioning information and the time information of the time zone through the networking module 500. The positioning information includes the target longitude and target latitude of the location of the photovoltaic power generation system. The solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle of the current time are determined according to the target longitude, target latitude and the time information of the time zone. The specific calculation and control process is as follows; First, obtain the standard longitude and standard time of the time zone, as well as the target longitude and latitude of the location, and calculate the solar hour angle of the location:
[0051] Where H represents the solar hour angle, t represents the standard time, Indicates the difference between the standard longitude and the target longitude. When the location is east of the target longitude, is a positive value when the location is west of the target longitude. is a negative value; Then, calculate the solar declination:
[0052] in, represents the solar declination, n represents the date, when the current time is January 1, n=1; Then, calculate the sun altitude angle:
[0053] in, represents the solar altitude angle, Indicates the target latitude; Then, calculate the solar azimuth:
[0054] A represents the solar azimuth; Then, the pan / tilt servo motor 120 is controlled to rotate according to the solar azimuth angle and the solar altitude angle, so that the line connecting the photovoltaic panel 110 and the sun is perpendicular to the surface of the photovoltaic panel 110 .
[0055] Understandably, Figure 5 The light intensity detection in is equivalent to the power generation voltage of each photovoltaic panel and the detection current of the path where each photoresistor is located.
[0056] In a specific embodiment, the priority of adjusting the angle based on the power generation voltage of each photovoltaic panel 110 is higher than the priority of adjusting the angle based on the detection circuit of the photoresistor 130. From 6:00 to 18:00 of standard time, the angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 is adjusted based on the time information and the positioning information every hour, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 is adjusted based on the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic panel 110 every 10 minutes.
[0057] In addition, refer to Figure 6 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also proposes a control method for a photovoltaic power generation system, which is applied to the photovoltaic power generation system in the above embodiment. The photovoltaic power generation system includes a photovoltaic power generation module, a power consumption module, a regulation module and a control module. The regulation module includes a first switch chip, a second switch chip, a first field effect transistor, a second field effect transistor, a third field effect transistor, a buffer inductor and a buffer capacitor. The control method includes: Step S610, obtaining the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module; Step S620, when the generated voltage is greater than a preset photovoltaic threshold, controlling the third field effect transistor to be turned on; Step S630, continuously obtaining the input voltage of the power module; Step S640, when the input voltage is less than a preset first power threshold, controlling the first field effect transistor to be turned on and controlling the second field effect transistor to be turned off; Step S650, when the input voltage is greater than a preset second power consumption threshold, the first field effect transistor is controlled to be blocked and the second field effect transistor is controlled to be turned on.
[0058] It can be understood that by connecting the third field effect transistor between the photovoltaic power generation module and the power consumption module, the gate of the third field effect transistor is connected to the second switch chip, the source of the third field effect transistor is directed toward the power consumption module, and the drain of the third field effect transistor is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module. When the sunlight in the environment is insufficient, the second switch chip controls the third field effect transistor to be blocked. If the reverse voltage generated by the power consumption module is greater than the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light, the blocked third field effect transistor can prevent the power consumption module from reversely charging the photovoltaic power generation module. If the power generation voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation module under weak light is When the voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module is greater than the reverse voltage generated by the power consumption module, the photovoltaic power generation module can supply power to the power consumption module through the parasitic diode in the third field effect transistor, thereby improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system in utilizing sunlight; when the environment has sufficient sunlight, the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module is constantly greater than the reverse voltage generated by the power consumption module. At this time, the second switch chip controls the third field effect transistor to conduct, so that a path is formed between the photovoltaic power generation module and the power consumption module, reducing the resistance of the power generation voltage output by the photovoltaic power generation module to the power consumption module, reducing the energy loss of the path, and also improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system in utilizing sunlight.
[0059] In addition, in some embodiments of the present application, the photovoltaic power generation module further includes a photovoltaic panel, a pan / tilt servo motor, a current comparison component and a plurality of photoresistors, the photoresistors are distributed on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation module, and each photoresistor is connected to the current comparison component respectively. Figure 7 As shown, the control method also includes: Step S710, obtaining the detection current of the path where each photoresistor is located, comparing the magnitudes of all detection currents, and determining the maximum current resistance; Step S720, controlling the photovoltaic panel to rotate by a preset unit angle in the direction where the maximum current resistance is located.
[0060] It can be understood that the specific implementation of the control method of the photovoltaic power generation system is basically the same as the specific embodiment of the photovoltaic power generation system mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.
[0061] In addition, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 : is an optional hardware structure diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application, the electronic device includes: The processor 801 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application; The memory 802 can be implemented in the form of a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 802 can store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solution provided in the embodiment of this specification is implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 802, and the processor 801 calls and executes the control method of the photovoltaic power generation system in the embodiment of the present application, for example, to execute the above-described Figure 5 Steps S510 to S550 of the method, Figure 6 Steps S610 to S620 of the method; Input / output interface 803, used to implement information input and output; The communication interface 804 is used to realize the communication interaction between the device and other devices. The communication can be realized through wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.); A bus 805 that transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., the processor 801, the memory 802, the input / output interface 803, and the communication interface 804); The processor 801 , the memory 802 , the input / output interface 803 and the communication interface 804 are connected to each other in communication within the device via a bus 805 .
[0062] The embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium for computer-readable storage. The storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the control method of the photovoltaic power generation system described above. For example, the above-described Figure 6 Steps S610 to S650 of the method, Figure 7 Method steps S710 to S720.
[0063] The memory, as a non-transient computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. In addition, the memory may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include a memory remotely disposed relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.
[0064] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
[0065] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 6 to Figure 7 The technical solutions shown in the figure do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than those shown in the figure, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.
[0066] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
[0067] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in the systems and devices may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or a suitable combination thereof.
[0068] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0069] It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.
[0070] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the above units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
[0071] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
[0072] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
[0073] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including multiple instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, referred to as RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store programs.
[0074] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the rights of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention should be within the scope of the rights of the present invention.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: include: A photovoltaic power generation module, used to generate electrical energy using solar energy, wherein the photovoltaic power generation module is provided with a photovoltaic output terminal; A power consumption module, used for consuming and storing the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module, the power consumption module is provided with an electric energy input terminal; A control module, comprising a first switch chip, a second switch chip, a first field effect transistor, a second field effect transistor, a third field effect transistor, a buffer inductor and a buffer capacitor, wherein the first switch chip is provided with a first switch end and a second switch end, the second switch chip is provided with a third switch end, the first switch end is connected to the gate of the first field effect transistor, the second switch end is connected to the gate of the second field effect transistor, the third switch end is connected to the gate of the third field effect transistor, the photovoltaic output end is connected to the drain of the third field effect transistor, the source of the third field effect transistor is connected to the source of the first field effect transistor, one end of the buffer inductor and the source of the second field effect transistor are respectively connected to the drain of the first field effect transistor, the drain of the second field effect transistor is grounded, the other end of the buffer inductor is connected to one end of the buffer capacitor, the other end of the buffer capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the buffer inductor is also connected to the power input end; The photovoltaic power generation module, the power consumption module and the regulation module are electrically connected to the control module respectively, and the control module is used to obtain the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module and the input voltage of the power consumption module, and control the photovoltaic power generation module, the power consumption module and the regulation module according to the power generation voltage and the input voltage.
2. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation module includes a photovoltaic panel and a pan-tilt servo motor, the photovoltaic panel is connected to the active end of the pan-tilt servo motor, the pan-tilt servo motor is communicatively connected to the control module, and the control module is used to control the direction of the photovoltaic panel through the pan-tilt servo motor.
3. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation module also includes a current comparison component and a plurality of photoresistors, wherein the photoresistors are respectively installed around the photovoltaic panel, and each of the photoresistors is respectively connected to the current comparison component, and the current comparison component is used to compare the detection currents of the paths where each of the photoresistors is located, and the current comparison component is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module controls the direction of the photovoltaic panel according to the comparison of the detection currents.
4. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module further includes a protection diode, the anode of the protection diode is grounded, and the cathode of the protection diode is connected to the power input terminal of the power consumption module; When the voltage between the cathode and the anode of the protection diode is greater than a preset protection threshold, the protection diode conducts in reverse.
5. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power consumption module includes a battery management component and an energy storage battery. The energy storage battery is connected to the battery management component, and the battery management component is electrically connected to the control module.
6. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a networking module, which is connected to the control module and is used to obtain positioning information, weather information and time information. The control module is used to control the working state of the photovoltaic power generation module according to the positioning information, the weather information and the time information.
7. A control method for a photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: Applied to the photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, a power consumption module, a regulation module and a control module, the regulation module comprises a first switch chip, a second switch chip, a first field effect transistor, a second field effect transistor, a third field effect transistor, a buffer inductor and a buffer capacitor, and the control method comprises: Obtaining the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module; When the generated voltage is greater than a preset photovoltaic threshold, controlling the third field effect transistor to be turned on; Continuously obtaining the input voltage of the power consumption module; When the input voltage is less than a preset first power consumption threshold, the first field effect transistor is controlled to be turned on and the second field effect transistor is controlled to be blocked; When the input voltage is greater than a preset second power consumption threshold, the first field effect transistor is controlled to be blocked and the second field effect transistor is controlled to be turned on.
8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation module further includes a photovoltaic panel, a pan-tilt servo motor, a current comparison component and a plurality of photoresistors, wherein the photoresistors are distributed on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation module, and each of the photoresistors is connected to the current comparison component respectively. The control method further includes: Obtaining the detection current of each path where the photoresistor is located, comparing the magnitudes of all the detection currents, and determining the maximum current resistance; The photovoltaic panel is controlled to rotate by a preset unit angle in the direction where the maximum current resistance is located.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the control method of the photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of claims 7 to 8 when executing the computer program.
10. A storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the control method of the photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of claims 7 to 8 is implemented.