Rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor

Abstract

The rotor comprises an even number of magnetic poles which are annularly and uniformly distributed, each magnetic pole is provided with at least three layers of structure groups from inside to outside, and each layer of structure group comprises a transverse magnetic steel groove located in the middle; the two sides of the transverse magnetic steel grooves of the outermost layer structure group are provided with inclined air magnetic isolation grooves. Inclined magnetic steel grooves are formed in the two sides of the transverse magnetic steel grooves of the other layers of structure groups; first air magnetic isolation grooves are formed between the transverse magnetic steel grooves and the inclined magnetic steel grooves; the first edge of the first air magnetic isolation groove is located on the extension line of the outer long edge of the inclined magnetic steel groove, the second edge is parallel to the inner end edge of the inclined magnetic steel groove and is provided with a second magnetic isolation bridge, and the third edge is parallel to the end edge of the transverse magnetic steel groove and is provided with a third magnetic isolation bridge; the transverse magnetic steel grooves are provided with first ferrite magnetic steel, and second ferrite magnetic steel is selectively arranged in the inclined magnetic steel grooves. Therefore, the magnetic steel can be flexibly arranged according to different motor performance requirements, so as to obtain a balance between motor performance, cost and other aspects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor. Background Art

[0002] In the field of motor technology, especially in the design and manufacture of permanent magnet synchronous motors, the structural design of the rotor has a crucial impact on the performance of the motor. The rotor usually includes a rotor core and permanent magnets embedded in it. The arrangement and configuration of these permanent magnets are directly related to the magnetic field distribution, torque output and overall efficiency of the motor.

[0003] The setting of magnetic steel usually adopts a single structure. This design limits the optimization and diversification of motor performance to a certain extent. Specifically, the magnetic steel slots on traditional rotor punchings are mostly simple V-shaped or U-shaped layouts. The number and position of the magnetic steel slots are fixed, which is difficult to adjust according to the specific performance requirements of the motor. The singleness of this structure makes it impossible for the motor to achieve the optimal excitation intensity and torque output by adjusting the rotor structure when facing different working conditions and performance requirements. This can be seen in the following patents: CN117559688A, CN117895683A, CN117977850A, CN118040942A, CN118054595A, CN118074389B, CN118100487B, etc.

[0004] In addition, due to the fixed structure and position of the magnetic steel slots, motors of different specifications and models need to prepare different rotor stampings, which not only increases production costs but also reduces the versatility of materials. In today's diversified motor products, this design obviously cannot meet the market's demand for motor performance diversity and rapid response. For example, in some high-performance applications, such as electric vehicles and industrial automation equipment, motors need to have higher power density, greater torque and a wider speed range, and traditional rotor designs are difficult to meet these requirements.

[0005] For rotors with multiple layers of magnetic steel slots, the arrangement of the magnetic steel slots allows for flexible distribution of the magnetic steel. For example, the invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN118074387B discloses a rotor structure in which the first layer of magnetic steel slots, the second layer of magnetic steel slots, the third layer of magnetic steel slots, and the fourth layer of magnetic steel slots are arranged from the inside to the outside on the rotor punchings. The first three layers of magnetic steel slots are provided with ferrite magnetic steel, and the fourth layer of magnetic steel slots are not provided with magnetic steel. Although this patent provides a design of multiple layers of magnetic steel slots, it does not explore the variability of the magnetic steel installation space. Moreover, in this patent, the corners of the magnetic steel slots at the corners are prone to magnetic short circuits, and there is magnetic leakage in the magnetic circuit, resulting in poor magnetic isolation. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which can flexibly arrange the magnetic steel according to different motor performance requirements to achieve a balance between the motor's operating performance, speed regulation performance, efficiency and cost.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a rotor comprises an even number of magnetic poles evenly distributed in an annular manner, each of the magnetic poles is provided with a multi-layer structure group from the inside to the outside; the total number of layers of the structure group is any one of three to six layers, and the structure groups in each magnetic pole are symmetrically arranged about the radial center line L of the magnetic pole;

[0008] Each structural group includes a transverse magnetic steel slot located in the middle, and the transverse magnetic steel slot is perpendicular to the radial center line L;

[0009] The transverse magnetic steel slots of the outermost structure group are provided with oblique air magnetic isolation slots on both sides, and the oblique air magnetic isolation slots are parallel to the adjacent magnetic pole intersection axis d;

[0010] The transverse magnetic steel grooves of the remaining structural groups except the outermost structural group are provided with oblique magnetic steel grooves on both sides, and the oblique magnetic steel grooves are parallel to the oblique air magnetic isolation grooves on the same side;

[0011] A first air magnetic isolation groove in a triangular shape or a cut-angle triangle shape is provided between the transverse magnetic steel groove and the oblique magnetic steel groove, a second air magnetic isolation groove is provided at the outer end of the oblique magnetic steel groove, and a first magnetic isolation bridge is provided between the second air magnetic isolation groove and the outer edge of the rotor;

[0012] The first air magnetic isolation groove at least includes a first side, a second side and a third side; the first side is located on the extension line of the outer long side of the oblique magnetic steel groove, the second side is parallel to the inner end side of the oblique magnetic steel groove and a second magnetic isolation bridge is provided between the two sides, and the third side is parallel to the end side of the transverse magnetic steel groove and a third magnetic isolation bridge is provided between the two sides;

[0013] The transverse magnetic steel slots of each layer structure group are all provided with first ferrite magnetic steels, and the oblique magnetic steel slots are selectively provided with second ferrite magnetic steels.

[0014] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problem is: the width of the first magnetic isolation bridge is in the range of 0.9-1.6 mm, and the width of the second magnetic isolation bridge and the third magnetic isolation bridge is in the range of 0.6-0.9 mm.

[0015] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: the length of each layer of the transverse magnetic steel slots and each layer of the oblique magnetic steel slots are gradually shortened from the inner layer to the outer layer to form a stepped structure.

[0016] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a main circuit is formed between two adjacent magnetic poles through the magnetic lines of force of the first ferrite magnet, and an auxiliary circuit is formed through the magnetic lines of force of the second ferrite magnet on the adjacent side; both the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit turn from the S pole to the N pole on the magnetic pole intersection axis d.

[0017] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problem is: the angle α between the radial center line L and the magnetic pole intersection axis d is in the range of 22°-45°.

[0018] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: the transverse magnetic steel slots of each layer structure group have the same width and a width of W1, and the oblique magnetic steel slots of each layer structure group have the same width and a width of W2, W2>W1×sinα.

[0019] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problem is: the first air magnetic isolation groove includes a fourth side, and the fourth side is located on the extension line of the long side of the transverse magnetic steel groove.

[0020] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: the oblique air magnetic isolation groove forms an inner recess at the corner position of the transverse magnetic steel groove adjacent to the same layer, and a fourth magnetic isolation bridge is formed between the inner recess and the transverse magnetic steel groove.

[0021] The preferred technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problem is: the number of the magnetic poles is 4 or 6 or 8, and the number of the structural groups is 3 or 4 or 5 or 6.

[0022] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problem is: a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which includes the rotor.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: through the design of magnetic steel slots, air magnetic isolation slots and magnetic isolation bridges, the magnetic circuit is reasonably arranged, the magnetic steel installation space is diversified, and the second ferrite magnetic steel is selectively set in the oblique magnetic steel slot, so as to seek different excitation strengths according to different motor performance requirements, thereby achieving a balance between the motor's operating performance, speed regulation performance, efficiency and cost. The main circuit is formed between the two adjacent magnetic poles through the magnetic lines of force of the first ferrite magnetic steel, and the auxiliary circuit is formed through the magnetic lines of force of the second ferrite magnetic steel on the adjacent side; the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit are both turned from the S pole to the N pole on the magnetic pole intersection axis, thereby increasing the effective magnetic circuit routing, ensuring the effective conduction of the magnetic lines of force, and enhancing the overall efficiency of the magnetic circuit system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that these drawings are drawn only for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be used as a limitation on the scope of the present invention. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the drawings are only schematically representing the composition or structure of the described objects and may contain exaggerated displays, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a rotor punching sheet in Embodiment 1;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a rotor with a certain magnetic steel layout in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the magnetic poles of a rotor of a certain magnetic steel layout in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an individual example of the rotor magnetic steel layout in the first embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a rotor punching sheet in Embodiment 2;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a rotor with a certain magnetic steel layout in Example 2;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a rotor punching sheet corresponding to a magnetic pole in the second embodiment;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlargement of the rotor punching in the second embodiment shown Figure 1 ;

[0033] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 A partial enlargement of the rotor punching in the second embodiment shown Figure 2 ;

[0034] Fig.10 is a diagram showing an individual example of the rotor magnetic steel layout in the second embodiment;

[0035] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the rotor punching in the third embodiment;

[0036] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of a rotor with a certain magnetic steel layout in Example 3;

[0037] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the magnetic poles of a rotor of a certain magnetic steel layout in Example 3;

[0038] Fig.14This is a diagram showing an individual example of the rotor magnetic steel layout in the third embodiment.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] Rotating shaft hole 1; magnetic pole A; radial center line L; first structural group V1; sixth structural group V6; transverse magnetic steel slot 2; oblique air magnetic isolation slot 3; magnetic pole intersection axis d; fifth structural group V5; oblique magnetic steel slot 4; first ferrite magnet M; second ferrite magnet P; first air magnetic isolation slot 5; second air magnetic isolation slot 6; first magnetic isolation bridge 7; second magnetic isolation bridge 8; third magnetic isolation bridge 9; main circuit S1; auxiliary circuit S2; clamping angle E; arc F; inner recess J; fourth magnetic isolation bridge 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these descriptions are only illustrative and exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that like reference numerals denote similar items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it may not be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0044] like Figure 1-14 As shown, in Embodiments 1 to 3, a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided, and the rotor includes rotor punchings and built-in magnetic steel arranged on the punchings.

[0045] like Figure 1-3 As shown in Figures 5-7 and 11-13, the rotor structure has a shaft hole 1 passing through both ends thereof and an even number of magnetic poles A evenly distributed in an annular pattern. Each magnetic pole A is provided with six structural groups from the inside to the outside; the structural groups in each magnetic pole A are symmetrically arranged about the radial center line L of the magnetic pole A. The magnetic circuit of each magnetic pole A is optimized by symmetrical design, the output torque of the motor is improved, and the torque pulsation is reduced. In addition to the magnetic steel, the six-layer structure includes a number of magnetic steel slots, air magnetic isolation slots and magnetic isolation bridges opened on the punching sheet.

[0046] Specifically, Figure 1-3As shown in , 5-7, and 11-13, each rotor punching sheet is provided with six layers of mutually corresponding parallel structure groups corresponding to each magnetic pole A. The first structure group V1 to the sixth structure group V6 all include a transverse magnetic steel slot 2 located in the middle, and the transverse magnetic steel slot 2 is perpendicular to the radial center line L. The transverse magnetic steel slot 2 of the sixth structure group located in the outermost layer is provided with series-connected oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 on both sides, and the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 are parallel to the adjacent magnetic pole intersection axis d.

[0047] like Figure 1-3 As shown in Figures 5-7 and 11-13, oblique magnetic steel slots 4 are provided on both sides of the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 of the first structural group V1 to the fifth structural group V5, and the oblique magnetic steel slots 4 are parallel to the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 on the same side.

[0048] like Figure 2 , 6 As shown in 12, the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 of each layer of the structural group are provided with the first ferrite magnetic steel M, and the oblique magnetic steel slots 4 of at least one layer of the structural group are selectively provided with the second ferrite magnetic steel P.

[0049] like Figure 3 , 7 As shown in Figures 9 and 13, the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 and the oblique magnetic steel slots 4 of the first structural group V1 to the fifth structural group V5 are separated by triangular or tangent triangle first air magnetic isolation slots 5 with magnetic isolation bridges, and second air magnetic isolation slots 6 are connected in series at the outer ends of the oblique magnetic steel slots 4, and a first magnetic isolation bridge 7 is provided between the second air magnetic isolation slots 6 and the outer edge of the rotor.

[0050] like Figure 3 , 7 As shown in Figures 9 and 13, the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 includes at least a first side, a second side and a third side; the first side is located on the extension line of the outer long side of the inclined magnetic steel groove 4, the second side is parallel to the inner end side of the inclined magnetic steel groove 4 and a second magnetic isolation bridge 8 is provided therebetween, and the third side is parallel to the end side of the transverse magnetic steel groove 2 and a third magnetic isolation bridge 9 is provided therebetween.

[0051] In this embodiment, the magnetic steel uses ferrite instead of the commonly used rare earth permanent magnet material, which greatly reduces the cost of the magnetic steel. It is a low-cost permanent magnet motor and reduces the consumption of rare earth strategic materials for the country to a certain extent.

[0052] It should be understood that in the above scheme, first, by selectively arranging the second ferrite magnet P in the oblique magnet slot 4, the magnets can be flexibly arranged to form an alternating or parallel arrangement of straight and U-shaped magnets. The structure of this embodiment expands the magnet installation space, thereby achieving a balance between the motor's operating performance, speed regulation performance, efficiency and cost.

[0053] Specifically, this innovative design greatly improves the versatility and flexibility of the rotor laminations, enabling customized magnetic circuit designs based on different motor performance requirements. More importantly, this solution ensures the maximization of excitation intensity while achieving the optimal number of ferrite magnets, thereby accurately meeting the diverse motor performance requirements. This not only means that motor performance can be significantly improved, but also significantly reduces the overuse and waste of materials, achieving a reasonable allocation and efficient use of resources. From an economic perspective, this improvement directly reduces production costs and improves the market competitiveness of products.

[0054] It should be recognized that embodiments one to three provide a design scheme for a six-layer structural group, but according to the technical concept and changes in parameters such as the specific motor volume, the structural group can be set to any one of three to six layers, and the number of layers can also be further expanded. Each structural group includes a transverse magnetic steel slot located in the middle, and the transverse magnetic steel slot is perpendicular to the radial center line L. The transverse magnetic steel slots of the structural group located in the outermost layer are provided with oblique air magnetic isolation slots on both sides, and the oblique air magnetic isolation slots are parallel to the adjacent magnetic pole intersection axis d. The transverse magnetic steel slots of the remaining structural groups except the outermost structural group are provided with oblique magnetic steel slots on both sides, and the oblique magnetic steel slots are parallel to the oblique air magnetic isolation slots on the same side. In this embodiment, the magnetic circuit design under the same idea is realized through the specific settings of the magnetic steel slots, air magnetic isolation slots and magnetic isolation bridges.

[0055] Second, the magnetic lines of force of the first ferrite magnet M between two adjacent magnetic poles A form a main loop S1, and the magnetic lines of force of the second ferrite magnet P on the adjacent side form an auxiliary loop S2; both the main loop S1 and the auxiliary loop S2 turn from the S pole to the N pole on the magnetic pole intersection axis d. The setting of the main loop S1 and the auxiliary loop S2 optimizes the distribution of magnetic lines of force, so that a circular path with a larger radius is generated, the effective magnetic circuit routing is increased, the effective conduction of the magnetic lines of force is ensured, and the overall efficiency of the magnetic circuit system is enhanced.

[0056] Third, when no magnetic steel is set in the oblique magnetic steel slot 4, an additional weight-reducing slot or air slot is formed, which can not only reduce the total weight of the rotor, but also optimize the magnetic circuit, reduce the rotational inertia of the rotor, thereby reducing stress, and improving the rotor strength. At the same time, it can also optimize the distribution of magnetic lines of force and further reduce torque pulsation.

[0057] Fourth, the second ferrite magnet P in the oblique magnetic steel slot 4 is parallel to the radial magnetic pole intersection axis d, and a transverse first ferrite magnet M is provided between the radial inner ends of the second ferrite magnet P, so that the magnetic field provided by the first ferrite magnet M is in the same direction as the magnetic field of the two adjacent second ferrite magnets P in the same magnetic pole A region, thereby effectively suppressing the magnetic field leakage in the radial inner end region of the second ferrite magnet P.

[0058] Fifth, the motor will generate armature reaction during operation, and then generate a demagnetization magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field generated by the magnetic steel. The oblique position of the sixth structure group V6 structure group does not have a magnetic steel slot structure but instead has a hollow oblique air magnetic isolation slot 3, which can adjust the distribution of the demagnetization magnetic field, thereby effectively suppressing the armature reaction and weakening the harmonics.

[0059] Sixth, a triangular or tangent-triangular first air magnetic isolation slot 5 is provided between the oblique magnetic steel slot 4 and the transverse magnetic steel slot 2, so that the magnetic resistance of the two magnetic steel ends is effectively increased, the magnetic circuit routing is not easy to pass, the magnetic circuit routing is changed, thereby improving the magnetic circuit distribution, increasing the effective magnetic circuit routing, thereby optimizing the magnetic field distribution, reducing the motor torque pulsation and exciting force, and weakening the electromagnetic vibration noise, thereby improving the performance of the motor.

[0060] Embodiment 1

[0061] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the rotor is constructed with a shaft hole 1 passing through both ends thereof and four magnetic poles A. Each magnetic pole A is provided with six layers of structure groups from the inside to the outside; the structure groups in each magnetic pole A are symmetrically arranged about the radial center line L of the magnetic pole A. There is a magnetic pole A within every 90° range, and the angle α between the radial center line L and the magnetic pole intersection axis d is 45°.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, the radius of the rotor is R1, and the lengths of the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 of each layer are equal to D1, preferably satisfying the following constraints: Thus, the space of the rotor is reasonably utilized, and the layout optimization design of the magnetic pole A is realized while satisfying the mechanical strength. The width of each layer of transverse magnetic steel slots 2 is equal to W1, and the magnetic isolation distance between two adjacent transverse magnetic steel slots 2 is equal to H1. Preferably,

[0063] The length of the oblique magnetic steel slots 4 of each layer structure group is gradually shortened from the inside to the outside, but the width is the same and the width is W2, W2>W1×sin45°. The magnetic isolation distance between two adjacent oblique magnetic steel slots 4 is equal to H2, preferably satisfying the following constraints: H2

[0064] like Figure 2 ​As shown, after such an optimized design, the magnetic field distribution between the main circuit S1 and the auxiliary circuit S2 can be effectively balanced, thereby maximizing the efficiency of the motor. Specifically, when the thickness of the first ferrite magnet M is set to be smaller, the magnetic field of the main circuit S1 will be weakened, which will have an adverse effect on the efficiency improvement of the entire motor. On the contrary, if the thickness of the second ferrite magnet P is too large, its magnetism will become too strong, which will not only suppress the magnetic field of the main circuit S1, but also may cause the magnetic circuit of the main magnetic field to be distorted, and ultimately significantly reduce the efficiency of the motor. Similarly, when the thickness of the first ferrite magnet M is too large, it will also interfere with the normal magnetic field distribution of the second ferrite magnet P, thereby reducing the effective magnetic field strength and further hindering the improvement of the motor efficiency. Therefore, through size constraints, the magnetic field balance can be significantly optimized to ensure that the motor operates in a high-efficiency state.

[0065] Preferably, if Figure 3 As shown, the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 of an isosceles right triangle with a magnetic isolation bridge is provided between the transverse magnetic steel groove 2 and the oblique magnetic steel groove 4 of the first structural group V1 to the fifth structural group V5. One waist of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is the first side, which is located on the extension line of the outer long side of the oblique magnetic steel groove 4. The other waist of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is the second side, which is parallel to the inner end side of the oblique magnetic steel groove 4 and has a second magnetic isolation bridge 8 between the two, and the width of the second magnetic isolation bridge 8 is 0.6mm. The long side of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is the third side, which is parallel to the end side of the transverse magnetic steel groove 2 and has a third magnetic isolation bridge 9 between the two, and the width of the third magnetic isolation bridge 9 is 0.8mm. Among them, the intersection of the third side and the first side is located on the extension line of the radial inner long side of the transverse magnetic steel groove 2. The third side exceeds the radial outer side of the transverse magnetic steel groove 2, thereby improving the magnetic isolation effect. The second and third magnetic isolation bridges 9 are thin-walled structures and are in a magnetic saturation state for a long time, which blocks the passage of magnetic lines of force, reflects the magnetic isolation effect, and avoids magnetic short circuits and the like.

[0066] The outer end of the oblique magnetic steel slot 4 is provided with a second air magnetic isolation slot 6 in series, that is, there is no magnetic isolation bridge between the second air magnetic isolation slot 6 and the oblique magnetic steel slot 4. The inner end width of the second air magnetic isolation slot 6 is smaller than the width of the oblique magnetic steel slot 4, thereby forming a clamping angle E. This clamping angle E structure plays a key fixing role physically. It can effectively limit the position movement of the magnetic steel, making the positioning of the magnetic steel more stable and reliable. In addition, due to the existence of the clamping angle E, it also indirectly increases the width of the first magnetic isolation bridge 7 adjacent to the oblique magnetic steel slot 4. This change has a significant beneficial effect in the magnetic circuit design: it not only effectively reduces the magnetic flux leakage, which reduces the magnetic leakage phenomenon, but also significantly improves the anti-demagnetization ability of the entire structure, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the magnetic steel.

[0067] Preferably, in this embodiment, the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 of the sixth structural group V6 located in the outermost layer are connected in series with the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 on both sides thereof, that is, the two are through-hole slot structures, the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 are formed by extending and bending the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 of the sixth structural group V6 outward, the width of the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 is smaller than the width of the transverse magnetic steel slots 2, and the inflection points of the two on the radial outside are connected by an arc F that is recessed inward. This arc F can not only limit the magnetic steel in the structure and improve the installation stability of the magnetic steel, but also reduce magnetic leakage.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, by selecting different numbers and positions of the oblique magnetic steel slots 4 to place the adapted second ferrite magnetic steel P, different excitation intensities can be obtained to meet different motor performance requirements.

[0069] Embodiment 2

[0070] like Figure 5-10 As shown, the rotor is constructed with a shaft hole 1 passing through both ends thereof and 6 magnetic poles A. Each magnetic pole A is provided with six layers of structure groups from the inside to the outside; the structure groups in each magnetic pole A are symmetrically arranged about the radial center line L of the magnetic pole A. There is a magnetic pole A within every 60° range, and the angle α between the radial center line L and the magnetic pole intersection axis d is 30°.

[0071] like Figure 7 As shown, the radius of the rotor is R1, and the length D1 of the transverse magnetic steel slot 2 of the first structure group V1 preferably meets the following constraints: This allows rational use of the rotor space and achieves an optimized layout design of the magnetic pole A while meeting the mechanical strength requirements.

[0072] The length of each layer of transverse magnetic steel slots 2 and each layer of oblique magnetic steel slots 4 gradually shortens from the inner layer to the outer layer to form a stepped structure. This stepped design makes more reasonable use of the rotor space, optimizes the magnetic field layout, and thus improves the overall efficiency of the motor.

[0073] like Figure 8-9 As shown, from the first structure group V1 to the fifth structure group V5, the length difference between adjacent transverse magnetic steel slots 2 is equal to D f , the length difference D between the transverse magnetic steel slot 2 of the sixth structural group and the transverse magnetic steel slot 2 of the fifth structural group V5 g ;D g <D f .

[0074] In this embodiment, the radius of the rotor is R1 is 182-186 mm, wherein D1 is preferably 70-73 mm, and D f The value of is preferably 2.2-2.4 mm, D g The preferred value is 1.1-1.2 mm.

[0075] like Figure 7 As shown, each layer of transverse magnetic steel slots 2 has the same width, which is W1, and the magnetic isolation distance between two adjacent transverse magnetic steel slots 2 is equal, which is H1. Preferably, In this embodiment, W1 is preferably 10 mm, and H1 is preferably 6 mm.

[0076] The oblique magnetic steel slots 4 of each layer structure group have the same width and the width is W2, W2>W1×sin30°. The magnetic isolation distance between two adjacent oblique magnetic steel slots 4 is equal to H2, preferably satisfying the following constraints: H2

[0077] Select a place, such as Figure 8-9 As shown, the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 of the right-angled triangle with a cut corner and a magnetic isolation bridge is provided between the transverse magnetic steel groove 2 and the oblique magnetic steel groove 4 of the first structure group V1 to the fifth structure group V5. The first side of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is located on the extension line of the outer long side of the oblique magnetic steel groove 4. The second side of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is parallel to the inner end side of the oblique magnetic steel groove 4 and there is a second magnetic isolation bridge 8 between the two, and the width of the second magnetic isolation bridge 8 is 0.8mm. The third side of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is parallel to the end side of the transverse magnetic steel groove 2 and there is a third magnetic isolation bridge 9 between the two, and the width of the third magnetic isolation bridge 9 is 0.8mm. The fourth side of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is located on the extension line of the inner long side of the transverse magnetic steel groove 2. The third side exceeds the radial outer side of the transverse magnetic steel groove 2, thereby improving the magnetic isolation effect. The second and third magnetic isolation bridges 9 are thin-walled structures and are in a magnetic saturation state for a long time, which blocks the passage of magnetic lines of force, reflects the magnetic isolation effect, and avoids magnetic short circuits and other situations.

[0078] like Figure 8-9 As shown, a second air magnetic isolation slot 6 is provided in series at the outer end of the oblique magnetic steel slot 4, that is, there is no magnetic isolation bridge between the second air magnetic isolation slot 6 and the oblique magnetic steel slot 4. The inner end width of the second air magnetic isolation slot 6 is smaller than the width of the oblique magnetic steel slot 4, thereby forming a clamping angle E. This clamping angle E structure plays a key fixing role physically. It can effectively limit the position movement of the magnetic steel, making the positioning of the magnetic steel more stable and reliable. In addition, due to the existence of the clamping angle E, it also indirectly increases the width of the first magnetic isolation bridge 7 adjacent to the oblique magnetic steel slot 4. This change has significant beneficial effects in the magnetic circuit design: it not only effectively reduces the magnetic flux leakage, which reduces the magnetic leakage phenomenon, but also significantly improves the anti-demagnetization ability of the entire structure, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the magnetic steel. Preferably, a first magnetic isolation bridge 7 is provided between the second air magnetic isolation slot 6 and the outer edge of the rotor. The width of the first magnetic isolation bridge 7 is 1.5 mm.

[0079] ​Preferably, in this embodiment, the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 of the sixth structural group V6 located in the outermost layer are connected in series with the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 on both sides thereof, that is, the two are through-hole slot structures. The oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 include a transition section and an extension section, wherein the width of the inner end of the transition section is smaller than the width of the transverse magnetic steel slots 2, and the extension section protrudes from the end of the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 on the outside, and the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 form an inner concave portion J at the corner position of the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 adjacent to the same layer, which is concave toward the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 and slightly concave toward the inner side of the rotor, and a fourth magnetic isolation bridge 11 is formed between the inner concave portion J and the transverse magnetic steel slots 2. The inner concave portion J can limit the magnetic steel, improve the installation stability of the magnetic steel, and the fourth magnetic isolation bridge 11 can reduce magnetic leakage and magnetic short circuit.

[0080] like Fig.10 As shown, there are 32 ways in total by selecting different numbers and positions of the inclined magnetic steel slots 4 to place the adapted second ferrite magnetic steel P, so that different excitation intensities can be obtained to meet different motor performance requirements.

[0081] Embodiment 3

[0082] like Figure 11-14 As shown, the rotor is constructed with a shaft hole 1 passing through both ends thereof and 8 magnetic poles A. Each magnetic pole A is provided with six layers of structure groups from the inside to the outside; the structure groups in each magnetic pole A are symmetrically arranged about the radial center line L of the magnetic pole A. There is a magnetic pole A within every 45° range, and the angle α between the radial center line L and the magnetic pole intersection axis d is 15°.

[0083] like Fig.13 As shown, the radius of the rotor is R1, and the length D1 of the transverse magnetic steel slot 2 of the first structure group V1 preferably meets the following constraints: In this way, the space of the rotor is reasonably utilized, and the layout optimization design of the magnetic pole A is realized while meeting the mechanical strength. In this embodiment, the radius of the rotor is R1, which is 190-194 mm, and the value of D1 is preferably 65-68 mm. The length of each layer of transverse magnetic steel slots 2 and each layer of oblique magnetic steel slots 4 gradually shortens from the inner layer to the outer layer to form a stepped structure. This step design makes more reasonable use of the rotor space, optimizes the magnetic field layout, and thus improves the overall efficiency of the motor. Among them, the length difference between adjacent transverse magnetic steel slots 2 in the first structure group V1 to the fifth structure group V5 is equal to D f , the length difference D between the transverse magnetic steel slot 2 of the sixth structural group and the transverse magnetic steel slot 2 of the fifth structural group V5 g ;D g <D f . D f The value of is preferably 3.2-3.4 mm, D g The preferred value is 1.7-1.75mm.

[0084] Each layer of transverse magnetic steel slots 2 has the same width, which is W1, and the magnetic isolation distance between two adjacent transverse magnetic steel slots 2 is equal, which is H1. In this embodiment, W1 is preferably 9 mm, and H1 is preferably 5 mm.

[0085] The oblique magnetic steel slots 4 of each layer structure group have the same width and the width is W2, W2>W1×sin15°. The magnetic isolation distance between two adjacent oblique magnetic steel slots 4 is equal to H2, preferably satisfying the following constraints: H2

[0086] Select a place, such as Fig.13 As shown, the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 of the right-angled triangle with a cut corner and a magnetic isolation bridge is provided between the transverse magnetic steel groove 2 and the oblique magnetic steel groove 4 of the first structure group V1 to the fifth structure group V5. The first side of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is located on the extension line of the outer long side of the oblique magnetic steel groove 4. The second side of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is parallel to the inner end side of the oblique magnetic steel groove 4 and there is a second magnetic isolation bridge 8 between the two, and the width of the second magnetic isolation bridge 8 is 0.8mm. The third side of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is parallel to the end side of the transverse magnetic steel groove 2 and there is a third magnetic isolation bridge 9 between the two, and the width of the third magnetic isolation bridge 9 is 0.8mm. The fourth side of the first air magnetic isolation groove 5 is located on the extension line of the inner long side of the transverse magnetic steel groove 2. The third side exceeds the radial outer side of the transverse magnetic steel groove 2, thereby improving the magnetic isolation effect. The second and third magnetic isolation bridges 9 are thin-walled structures and are in a magnetic saturation state for a long time, which blocks the passage of magnetic lines of force, reflects the magnetic isolation effect, and avoids magnetic short circuits and other situations.

[0087] The outer end of the oblique magnetic steel slot 4 is provided with a second air magnetic isolation slot 6 in series, that is, there is no magnetic isolation bridge between the second air magnetic isolation slot 6 and the oblique magnetic steel slot 4. The inner end width of the second air magnetic isolation slot 6 is smaller than the width of the oblique magnetic steel slot 4, thereby forming a clamping angle E. This clamping angle E structure plays a key fixing role physically. It can effectively limit the position movement of the magnetic steel, making the positioning of the magnetic steel more stable and reliable. In addition, due to the existence of the clamping angle E, it also indirectly increases the width of the first magnetic isolation bridge 7 adjacent to the oblique magnetic steel slot 4. This change has significant beneficial effects in the magnetic circuit design: it not only effectively reduces the magnetic flux leakage, which not only reduces the magnetic leakage phenomenon, but also significantly improves the anti-demagnetization ability of the entire structure, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the magnetic steel. The width range of the first magnetic isolation bridge is 0.9-1.6mm. Preferably, the width of the first magnetic isolation bridge 7 is 1.5mm.

[0088] ​Preferably, in this embodiment, the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 of the sixth structural group V6 located in the outermost layer are connected in series with the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 on both sides thereof, that is, the two are through-hole slot structures. The oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 include a transition section and an extension section, wherein the width of the inner end of the transition section is smaller than the width of the transverse magnetic steel slots 2, and the extension section protrudes from the end of the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 on the outside, and the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 form an inner concave portion J at the corner position of the transverse magnetic steel slots 2 adjacent to the same layer, which is concave toward the oblique air magnetic isolation slots 3 and slightly concave toward the inner side of the rotor, and a fourth magnetic isolation bridge 11 is formed between the inner concave portion J and the transverse magnetic steel slots 2. The inner concave portion J can limit the magnetic steel, improve the installation stability of the magnetic steel, and the fourth magnetic isolation bridge 11 can reduce magnetic leakage and magnetic short circuit.

[0089] like Fig.14 As shown, there are 32 ways in total by selecting different numbers and positions of the inclined magnetic steel slots 4 to place the adapted second ferrite magnetic steel P, so that different excitation intensities can be obtained to meet different motor performance requirements.

[0090] The rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the present invention are introduced above. The principle and implementation mode of the present invention are described by using specific examples in this article. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present invention and its core ideas. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotor, characterized in that: It comprises an even number of magnetic poles evenly distributed in an annular shape, each of the magnetic poles is provided with a multi-layer structure group from inside to outside; the total number of layers of the structure group is any one of three to six layers; The structural groups in each magnetic pole are symmetrically arranged about the radial center line L of the magnetic pole; each structural group includes a transverse magnetic steel slot located in the middle, and the transverse magnetic steel slot is perpendicular to the radial center line L; The transverse magnetic steel slots of the outermost structure group are connected to each other with oblique air magnetic isolation slots on both sides, and the oblique air magnetic isolation slots are parallel to the adjacent magnetic pole intersection axis d; The transverse magnetic steel grooves of the remaining structural groups except the outermost structural group are provided with oblique magnetic steel grooves on both sides, and the oblique magnetic steel grooves are parallel to the oblique air magnetic isolation grooves on the same side; A first air magnetic isolation groove of a triangle or a cut-angle triangle is provided between the transverse magnetic steel groove and the oblique magnetic steel groove of the same layer, a second air magnetic isolation groove is provided at the outer end of the oblique magnetic steel groove, and a first magnetic isolation bridge is provided between the second air magnetic isolation groove and the outer edge of the rotor; The first air magnetic isolation groove at least includes a first side, a second side and a third side; the first side is located on the extension line of the outer long side of the oblique magnetic steel groove, the second side is parallel to the inner end side of the oblique magnetic steel groove and a second magnetic isolation bridge is provided between the two sides, and the third side is parallel to the end side of the transverse magnetic steel groove and a third magnetic isolation bridge is provided between the two sides; The transverse magnetic steel slots of each layer structure group are all provided with first ferrite magnetic steels, and the oblique magnetic steel slots are selectively provided with second ferrite magnetic steels.

2. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the magnetic poles is 4, 6 or 8.

3. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the first magnetic isolation bridge ranges from 0.9 to 1.6 mm, and the width of the second magnetic isolation bridge and the third magnetic isolation bridge ranges from 0.6 to 0.9 mm.

4. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the transverse magnetic steel slots of each layer structure group gradually shortens from the inner layer to the outer layer to form a stepped structure.

5. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A main circuit is formed between two adjacent magnetic poles by the magnetic lines of force of the first ferrite magnet, and an auxiliary circuit is formed by the magnetic lines of force of the second ferrite magnet on the adjacent side; both the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit turn from the S pole to the N pole on the magnetic pole intersection axis d between the two adjacent magnetic poles.

6. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the radial center line L and the magnetic pole intersection axis d is in the range of 22°-45°.

7. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse magnetic steel slots of each layer structure group have the same width and a width of W1, and the oblique magnetic steel slots of each layer structure group have the same width and a width of W2, W2>W1×sinα.

8. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air magnetic isolation groove of the cut-corner triangle includes a fourth side, and the fourth side is located on the extension line of the inner long side of the transverse magnetic steel groove.

9. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oblique air magnetic isolation groove forms an inner concave portion at a corner position adjacent to the transverse magnetic steel groove in the same layer, and a fourth magnetic isolation bridge is formed between the inner concave portion and the transverse magnetic steel groove.

10. A permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that: Comprising a rotor as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images