Functional microbial organic fertilizer for saline-alkali land improvement, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

A functional microbial organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali land, and its preparation method and application, belong to the field of fertilizer technology. In order to solve the technical problem that the high salt ion content in saline-alkali soil has multiple adverse effects on plant growth, the present invention provides a functional microbial organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali land, which is prepared by a functional microbial agent prepared from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Copperbacterium insecticide, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gesneri and Bacillus halogenide, and a functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer added with furfural residue and citric acid residue. The functional microbial organic fertilizer provided has the functions of increasing the abundance of saline-alkali soil microorganisms, improving soil physical and chemical properties, regulating soil pH, increasing the proportion of soil aggregates, and increasing the content of available phosphorus and available potassium. The functional microbial organic fertilizer provided by the present invention can be used to effectively improve saline-alkali soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers and relates to an organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali land and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali land refers to land with excessively high salt and alkalinity levels in the soil, which impairs normal plant growth. Under salt stress, crop roots are directly toxic, increasing the concentration of the soil solution. This prevents crops from absorbing the water they need, leading to physiological drought and wilting. This, in turn, affects plant water and nutrient absorption, resulting in reduced yields. Furthermore, plants in high-salt environments accumulate salt ions, causing osmotic stress and enzyme inhibition, further impacting metabolic activity.

[0003] The main problems faced by saline-alkali land include: (1) The special soil conditions of saline-alkali land limit the structure and function of microbial communities. The high salinity and alkaline environment inhibit microbial growth and metabolic activity, resulting in a decrease in microbial diversity and a reduction in the number and species of beneficial microorganisms. This imbalance in the microbial community affects the soil microenvironment, soil fertility and plant growth, and also affects the effectiveness of soil nutrients. (2) Because saline-alkali land is in an environmental condition of high salt and alkalinity and lacks microorganisms, the ability of plant roots to absorb water and nutrients is reduced, resulting in serious nutrient loss and slow growth. In addition, the soil structure of saline-alkali land is poor, the soil aggregates are unstable, the structure is loose, and it is easily affected by wind and water erosion, which aggravates the loss of nutrients in the surface soil and further aggravates the lack of soil nutrients.

[0004] Saline-alkali areas are ecologically fragile and sensitive. Technologies and products used to improve saline-alkali areas must be not only effective but also safe and environmentally friendly. High levels of salt ions in saline-alkali soils can have multiple adverse effects on plant growth. Therefore, those skilled in the art are eager to develop methods that can significantly increase the abundance of microorganisms in saline-alkali soils, improve soil physical and chemical properties, and effectively improve saline-alkali soils, thereby enhancing agricultural production and ensuring food security. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the technical problem that high salt ion content in saline-alkali soil has multiple adverse effects on plant growth, and provides a functional microbial organic fertilizer for saline-alkali land improvement, a preparation method and an application thereof.

[0006] One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a functional microbial organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali land, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium garrisii, and Bacillus halodurans were inoculated into sterilized potato dextrose agar medium, and cultured in a shaker at 28°C for 24 h to obtain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium garrisii, and Bacillus halodurans, respectively.

[0008] S2: The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation culture, the Cupricobacterium insecticidalis fermentation culture, the Trichoderma harzianum fermentation culture, the Halobacterium alkaliphilum gasseri fermentation culture, and the Halobacterium halodurans fermentation culture obtained in S1 were uniformly mixed with glucose in a certain mass ratio, dissolved in warm water at 30°C-35°C, and allowed to stand at room temperature to obtain first-generation acclimated strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupricobacterium insecticidalis, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium alkaliphilum gasseri, and Halobacterium halodurans, respectively;

[0009] S3: The first-generation acclimated strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gordonii, and Bacillus halodurans obtained in S2 were inoculated into LBG liquid medium, respectively, and cultured in a shaking incubator at 30°C and 180 rpm for 24-48 hours to obtain fermentation broths of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gordonii, and Bacillus halodurans, respectively;

[0010] S4: concentrating the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth, the Copperobacterium insecticide fermentation broth, the Trichoderma harzianum fermentation broth, the Halobacterium grisea fermentation broth, and the Halotoxin-tolerant Bacillus fermentation broth obtained in S3, and then uniformly mixing them in a certain weight ratio to obtain a functional microbial agent;

[0011] S5: Mix natural cow dung without water, corn straw cut into 2-3 cm segments, and rice husks in a certain weight ratio to obtain organic materials. Pile them into a trapezoidal pile 1.2 m high and 2 m wide. Add water to the organic materials until the moisture content reaches 60%-75%. Perform aerobic fermentation, turning the pile every 5 days, and obtain mature compost after 30 days of fermentation.

[0012] S6: adding furfural residue and citric acid residue to the decomposed compost obtained in S5 according to a certain weight ratio to obtain a functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer;

[0013] S7: The functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer obtained in S6 and the functional microbial agent obtained in S4 are uniformly mixed in a certain weight ratio, and dried at low temperature to obtain the functional microbial organic fertilizer for saline-alkali land improvement.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation agent, the Copperobacterium insecticide fermentation agent, the Trichoderma harzianum fermentation agent, the Halobacterium salinarum fermentation agent and the Bacillus halodurans fermentation agent described in S2 are respectively mixed evenly with glucose in a mass ratio of 1: (0.2-0.4).

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the room temperature standing time in S2 is 8 h-12 h.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inoculation amount of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupricobacterium insecticidalis, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gordonii and Bacillus halodurans in S1 and S3 is 3.5%.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation broth of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation broth of Copperbacterium insecticide, the fermentation broth of Trichoderma harzianum, the fermentation broth of Halobacterium salinarum and the fermentation broth of Bacillus halophilus in S4 are mixed uniformly in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1.25:1.25; the number of bacteria in the functional microbial agent is 10 6 ~10 7 cfu / g.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cow dung, corn straw and rice husks in S5 are evenly mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, furfural residue and citric acid residue are added to the mature compost in S6 at a weight ratio of 10:1, respectively.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer and the functional microbial agent in S7 are evenly mixed in a weight ratio of 1:15.

[0021] A second object of the present invention is to provide a functional microbial organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali land, wherein the functional microbial organic fertilizer is obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0022] The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned functional microbial organic fertilizer in the improvement of saline-alkali land.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a functional microbial organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali land, a preparation method and an application thereof, which is prepared by mixing a functional microbial agent prepared from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Copperbacterium insecticidalum, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium salinarum and Bacillus halodurans with a functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer, wherein the functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer is obtained by aerobic fermentation of cow dung, corn straw and rice husk with furfural residue and citric acid residue added.

[0024] The functional microbial organic fertilizer provided by the present invention secretes acidic substances such as indoleacetic acid through Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Copperbacterium insecticidalum, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gordonii and Bacillus halodendron. The acidic substances obtained by the secretion have the effect of dissolving phosphorus, and have certain growth-promoting effects on potassium dissolution and nitrogen fixation, thereby reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and reducing the risk of soil salinization.

[0025] The present invention uses organic fertilizer as a carrier of functional microorganisms, which not only provides a stable living environment for functional microorganisms; the rich organic matter can provide the microorganisms with the nutrients they need, promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, and improve soil fertility; moreover, organic fertilizer can improve the physical properties of the soil, increase the porosity and aeration of the soil, and effectively inhibit the soil from salting and alkaliizing.

[0026] In addition, the acidic characteristics of the acidic biomass waste of the decomposed mature organic fertilizer by adding furfural residue and citric acid residue in a reasonable proportion have the effect of lowering the pH value of the soil, alleviating the alkaline environment of saline-alkali land, and regulating the soil water and salt dynamics and reducing the salt accumulation in the soil surface. In addition to the above effects, the addition of acidic biomass waste also reduces the environmental burden of the waste.

[0027] In summary, the functional microbial organic fertilizer provided by the present invention has significantly improved the abundance of microorganisms in saline-alkali soil, improved soil physicochemical properties, promoted plant growth, and optimized soil microbial community structure; By regulating soil pH value, increasing soil aggregate ratio, lifting available phosphorus and available potassium content, improving soil physical properties; Functional microbial organic fertilizer forms a mutually beneficial relationship with plants, can promote plant root growth, improve salt stress resistance, enhance plant nutrient absorption, and increase crop yield. Therefore, the functional microbial organic fertilizer provided by the present invention can be applied to effectively improve saline-alkali soil, can improve agricultural production and ensure food security. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this document and appropriately improve the process parameters. It is particularly important to note that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and are considered to be included in the present invention. The methods and applications of the present invention have been described through preferred embodiments. It is obvious that relevant persons can modify or appropriately change and combine the methods and applications described herein without departing from the content and scope of the present invention to implement and apply the technology of the present invention.

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents, methods and instruments used are all conventional materials, reagents, methods and instruments in the art unless otherwise specified, and can be obtained from commercial channels by those skilled in the art.

[0030] Where to buy the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupricobacterium insecticidalum, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gattii and Bacillus halodurans described in the following examples:

[0031] The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ( Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ) The deposit number is CGMCC No.1.857;

[0032] The insecticidal copper-greedy bacteria ( Copper-hungry killer ) The deposit number is CGMCC No.1.7093;

[0033] The Halobacterium grisea ( Natronobacterium gregoryi ) The deposit number is CGMCC No.1.1967;

[0034] The halodurable Bacillus ( Bacillus halodurans ) The deposit number is CGMCC No.1.15264;

[0035] The above-mentioned Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupricobacterium insecticidalis, Halobacterium gordonii and Bacillus halodurans strains were purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC).

[0036] The Trichoderma harzianum ( Trichoderma harzianum ) No. CICC 41290, purchased from China Industrial Microorganism Culture Collection (CICC).

[0037] Example 1: Preparation of a functional microbial organic fertilizer for saline-alkali land improvement

[0038] S1: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium garrisii, and Bacillus halodurans were inoculated into sterilized potato dextrose agar medium at an inoculum size of 3.5%, and cultured in a shaker at 28°C for 24 h to obtain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium garrisii, and Bacillus halodurans, respectively.

[0039] S2: The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation culture, the Copperworm bacteria fermentation culture, the Trichoderma harzianum fermentation culture, the Halobacterium alkaliphilum fermentation culture, and the Halobacterium halodurans fermentation culture obtained in S1 were mixed evenly with glucose at a mass ratio of 1:0.3, dissolved in warm water at 30-35°C, and allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 h to obtain first-generation acclimated strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Copperworm bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium alkaliphilum, and Halobacterium halodurans, respectively;

[0040] S3: The first-generation acclimated strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gordonii, and Bacillus halodurans obtained in S2 were inoculated into LBG liquid medium at an inoculum size of 3.5%, respectively. The culture was carried out at 30°C and 180 rpm in a shaking incubator for 36 h to obtain fermentation broths of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gordonii, and Bacillus halodurans, respectively.

[0041] S4: The fermentation liquid of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation liquid of Copperbacterium insecticide, the fermentation liquid of Trichoderma harzianum, the fermentation liquid of Bacillus halophilus, and the fermentation liquid of Bacillus halodurans obtained in S3 are concentrated, and then mixed uniformly in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1.25:1.25 to obtain a functional microbial agent, wherein the number of bacteria in the functional microbial agent is 10 6 ~10 7 cfu / g;

[0042] S5: Mix natural cow dung without water, corn straw cut into 2-3 cm segments, and rice husks in a weight ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain organic material. Pile the material into a trapezoidal pile 1.2 m high and 2 m wide, compact it, and add water to the organic material until the moisture content reaches 60%-75%. Perform aerobic fermentation, turning the pile every 5 days, and obtain mature compost after 30 days of fermentation.

[0043] S6: adding furfural residue and citric acid residue to the decomposed compost obtained in S5 at a weight ratio of 10:1, respectively, to obtain a functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer;

[0044] S7: The functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer obtained in S6 and the functional microbial agent obtained in S4 are uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 1:15, and dried at low temperature to obtain a functional microbial organic fertilizer for saline-alkali land improvement.

[0045] Example 2: Application of functional microbial organic fertilizer in improving saline-alkali soil

[0046] In this example, the saline-alkali soil in Bayannur, Inner Mongolia was selected as the test field. The test period was from May to July 2024. The test method was as follows: a plastic basin with a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 15 cm was taken, and the saline-alkali soil taken from the test field was placed in the basin respectively. The functional microbial organic fertilizer obtained in Example 1 was applied to the plastic basin at an addition rate of 4 t / mu and 6 t / mu, respectively, and stirred evenly. The plastic basin without adding the functional microbial organic fertilizer was used as the control group. After 3 months, the pH value and conductivity of the soil in the plastic basin were measured respectively. The results are shown in Table 1-2.

[0047] Table 1

[0048]

[0049] Table 2

[0050]

[0051] As shown in Table 1, the experimental groups with 4t / mu and 6t / mu of functional microbial organic fertilizer added significantly reduced the pH value of saline-alkali soil compared with the control group, making the soil pH value close to neutral and reducing the salinization degree of saline-alkali soil.

[0052] There is water-soluble salt ion in the soil, it has certain electrical conductivity, and specific conductivity increases with the increase of water-soluble salt amount, so the salt content of soil can be indirectly represented by specific conductivity. As shown in Table 2, the 4t / mu experimental group of adding functional microbial organic fertilizer has significantly reduced the electrical conductivity in the soil relative to control group and 6t / mu experimental group. As can be seen, functional microbial organic fertilizer provided by the present invention has, under the condition of 4t / mu usage amount, reduced the electrical conductivity in saline-alkali soil to the greatest extent, reduced the degree of salinization, and improved saline-alkali soil effect is better.

[0053] Any matters not described in detail in this specification are well known to those skilled in the art. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, these are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a functional microbial organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium garrisii, and Bacillus halodurans were inoculated into sterilized potato dextrose agar medium, and cultured in a shaker at 28°C for 24 h to obtain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium garrisii, and Bacillus halodurans, respectively. S2: The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation culture, the Cupricobacterium insecticidalis fermentation culture, the Trichoderma harzianum fermentation culture, the Halobacterium alkaliphilum gasseri fermentation culture, and the Halobacterium halodurans fermentation culture obtained in S1 were uniformly mixed with glucose in a certain mass ratio, dissolved in warm water at 30°C-35°C, and allowed to stand at room temperature to obtain first-generation acclimated strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupricobacterium insecticidalis, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium alkaliphilum gasseri, and Halobacterium halodurans, respectively; S3: The first-generation acclimated strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gordonii, and Bacillus halodurans obtained in S2 were inoculated into LBG liquid medium, respectively, and cultured in a shaking incubator at 30°C and 180 rpm for 24-48 hours to obtain fermentation broths of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupric bacteria, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gordonii, and Bacillus halodurans, respectively; S4: concentrating the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth, the Copperobacterium insecticide fermentation broth, the Trichoderma harzianum fermentation broth, the Halobacterium grisea fermentation broth, and the Halotoxin-tolerant Bacillus fermentation broth obtained in S3, and then uniformly mixing them in a certain weight ratio to obtain a functional microbial agent; S5: Mix unadulterated natural cow dung, corn stalks cut into 2-3 cm segments, and rice husks in a certain weight ratio to obtain organic materials. Pile them into a trapezoidal pile 1.2 m high and 2 m wide, compact them, and add water until the moisture content of the organic materials reaches 60%-75%. Perform aerobic fermentation, turning the pile every 5 days, and obtain mature compost after 30 days of fermentation. S6: adding furfural residue and citric acid residue to the decomposed compost obtained in S5 according to a certain weight ratio to obtain a functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer; S7: uniformly mixing the functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer obtained in S6 and the functional microbial agent obtained in S4 according to a certain weight ratio, and drying at a low temperature to obtain a functional microbial organic fertilizer for saline-alkali land improvement; The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation agent, the Copperobacterium insecticide fermentation agent, the Trichoderma harzianum fermentation agent, the Halobacterium gesneri fermentation agent, and the Bacillus halodurans fermentation agent described in S2 are respectively mixed with glucose at a mass ratio of 1: (0.2-0.4); The inoculum size of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Cupribotrys insecticide, Trichoderma harzianum, Halobacterium gordonii, and Bacillus halodurans described in S1 and S3 was 3.5%; The fermentation liquid of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation liquid of Copperbacterium insecticide, the fermentation liquid of Trichoderma harzianum, the fermentation liquid of Halobacterium salinarum and the fermentation liquid of Bacillus halodurans in S4 are mixed uniformly in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1.25:1.25; the number of bacteria in the functional microbial agent is 10 6 ~10 7 cfu / g.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The room temperature standing time described in S2 is 8 h-12 h.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The cow dung, corn straw and rice husks described in S5 are evenly mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:

1.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The mature compost in S6 is added with furfural residue and citric acid residue in a weight ratio of 10:

1.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The functional microbial carrier organic fertilizer and the functional microbial agent described in S7 are evenly mixed in a weight ratio of 1:

15.

6. A functional microbial organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The functional microbial organic fertilizer is obtained by adopting the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Use of the functional microbial organic fertilizer according to claim 6 in improving saline-alkali land.

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