Organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and discloses an organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: compounding a clay-based polymer and corn straw powder, loading a series of inorganic materials such as urea, and further performing in-situ graft polymerization by taking chitosan, acrylic acid and montmorillonite as polymeric monomers, N, N '-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent and potassium persulfate as an initiator to obtain an organic-inorganic copolymer; the water-retaining all-element fertilizer is prepared by compounding a carbon-based microbial agent, not only can the utilization rate of the fertilizer be increased, but also the water-retaining capacity of soil can be remarkably improved, and a novel fertilizer with moisture absorption, soil moisture conservation and slow release performance is provided for the agricultural field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soil moisture is an important factor in the plant nutrition process. Water is a necessary condition for crop growth and can help crops absorb fertilizers. Water and fertilizers interact to promote crop growth. Therefore, in addition to effective nutrient supply, effective use of water resources is also very important under drought conditions. At present, 84% of the arable land in the world is dry land, and agricultural production requires a large amount of fresh water. However, the world's fresh water resources are limited and unevenly distributed. Many areas are facing water shortages. Fresh water resources are very scarce, and the direct problem caused by severe water shortages is relatively low crop yields. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the utilization rate of fresh water resources by developing water-saving and water-saving agriculture, thereby improving agricultural productivity in arid areas.

[0003] Since the beginning of the 21st century, the development and application of water-retaining fertilizers have provided new ideas for solving this problem. According to research reports, when water-retaining agents are used in combination with fertilizers, the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizers can be increased by 27.06%, and the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizers can be increased from 16.49% to 20.91%. The water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining functions of water-retaining agents can be fully utilized. However, most of the synthetic polymer coating materials of existing water-retaining slow-release fertilizers are relatively expensive and non-renewable, and cannot achieve ideal results in production practice. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, since the soil water-retention performance of existing water-retention fertilizers cannot meet the needs of production practice, the present invention provides an organic-inorganic polymer water-retention full-element fertilizer.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of a clay-based polymer, 200-400 parts of an organic prepolymer, 40-50 parts of corn stalk powder, 80-100 parts of an inorganic material, and 6-7 parts of a carbon-based microbial agent.

[0007] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the carbon-based carbon-based microbial agent (using biochar as a carrier and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium) contains about 2×10 8 CFU·g -1 .

[0008] In a further technical scheme of the present invention, the clay-based polymer is prepared from starch, polyvinyl alcohol and bentonite as raw materials; the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: starch and water are mixed, heated to 90°C and mechanically stirred for 15 minutes to form a gelatinized starch suspension, polyvinyl alcohol is added and stirred for 30 minutes, the temperature is lowered to 50°C, bentonite and 0.25M ammonium persulfate solution are added, the temperature is raised to 70°C, mechanically stirred for reaction for 15 minutes, and placed in a 60°C oven for drying for 24 hours to obtain the clay-based polymer.

[0009] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the starch is wheat starch.

[0010] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the weight ratio of the starch, polyvinyl alcohol and bentonite is 7:3:5.

[0011] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the organic prepolymer comprises: chitosan, acrylic acid and montmorillonite.

[0012] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the weight ratio of chitosan, acrylic acid and montmorillonite is 1:2:2.

[0013] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the inorganic materials include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, silicon fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer, selenium fertilizer, and manganese fertilizer.

[0014] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the inorganic materials, measured by weight, include 20-35 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 18-25 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 15-20 parts of potassium fertilizer, 10-20 parts of calcium fertilizer, 10-20 parts of magnesium fertilizer, 8-10 parts of silicon fertilizer, 5-10 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 5-10 parts of zinc fertilizer, 1-3 parts of molybdenum fertilizer, 1-3 parts of selenium fertilizer, and 5-10 parts of manganese fertilizer.

[0015] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer is one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride.

[0016] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the phosphate fertilizer is one or more of monoammonium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and diammonium phosphate.

[0017] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate and / or potassium chloride.

[0018] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the calcium fertilizer is calcium oxide and / or calcium carbonate.

[0019] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the magnesium fertilizer is magnesium sulfate and / or magnesium oxide.

[0020] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the silicon fertilizer is silicon dioxide and / or calcium metasilicate.

[0021] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the sulfur fertilizer is sulfur and / or phosphogypsum.

[0022] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the zinc fertilizer is one or more of zinc sulfate, zinc chloride and zinc oxide.

[0023] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the molybdenum fertilizer is sodium molybdate.

[0024] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the selenium fertilizer is sodium selenite.

[0025] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the manganese fertilizer is manganese sulfate.

[0026] In a further technical solution of the present invention, preferred inorganic materials include urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, calcium metasilicate, sulfur, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate, sodium selenite and manganese sulfate.

[0027] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the method for preparing the above-mentioned organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps:

[0028] ⑴ Mix the inorganic material, corn stalk powder, clay-based polymer and distilled water according to weight, and stir mechanically for 10-15 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry for standby use;

[0029] ⑵ First, add acrylic acid to the reaction vessel, place it in a cold water bath, slowly drop 6 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, then add chitosan and cross-linking agent and stir until completely dissolved, introduce nitrogen to react for 10 minutes, then add the slurry prepared in step ⑴, initiator and montmorillonite, control the temperature at 40°C-60°C, stir and react for 30-40 minutes, cool to 30-35°C, wash with ethanol three times, and obtain the copolymer for standby use;

[0030] ⑶ Add the carbon-based microbial agent to the copolymer prepared in step ⑵, stir for 10-20 minutes, dry, crush and sieve to prepare particles, and obtain an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer.

[0031] In a further technical solution of the present invention, the cross-linking agent is N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide; and the initiator is potassium persulfate.

[0032] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention discloses an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0033] 1. The organic-inorganic polymerized water-retaining full-element fertilizer disclosed in the present invention is a compound of a clay-based polymer and corn stalk powder and a series of inorganic materials such as urea, and further uses chitosan, acrylic acid and montmorillonite as polymerization monomers, N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent, and potassium persulfate as an initiator to carry out in-situ graft polymerization to prepare an organic-inorganic copolymer, and then compounded with a carbon-based microbial agent to prepare a water-retaining full-element fertilizer. The fertilizer can not only improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, but also significantly improve the water-retaining capacity of the soil, providing a new type of fertilizer with moisture absorption, moisture retention and slow-release properties for the agricultural field.

[0034] 2. Compared with the organic-inorganic polymer generated by polymerization reaction of acrylic acid as a single organic monomer in the prior art, the present invention utilizes chitosan, montmorillonite and acrylic acid to form a ternary polymer. The introduction of chitosan and montmorillonite makes the organic polymer have higher swelling degree, better water absorption and stronger water retention capacity. Moreover, the introduction of the two can improve the total release rate of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in the fertilizer on the one hand, and better release control performance of the fertilizer on the other hand.

[0035] 3. The organic-inorganic polymer fertilizer in the prior art is obtained by directly neutralizing organic monomers under the action of catalysts to obtain prepolymers, adding inorganic nutrients, and then adding initiators and cross-linking agents for polymerization. This type of fertilizer has a low loading rate for inorganic nutrients. The present invention utilizes clay-based polymers and corn stalk powder to fully encapsulate inorganic materials such as urea, and then enters the polymerization reaction system to participate in the polymerization reaction, and finally forms organic-inorganic polymers, which significantly improves the loading rate of inorganic nutrients. When applied to the soil, the slow-release performance of the inorganic nutrients is more excellent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present embodiment discloses an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer, which is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of a clay-based polymer, 200-400 parts of an organic prepolymer, 40-50 parts of corn stalk powder, 80-100 parts of an inorganic material, and 6-7 parts of a carbon-based microbial agent.

[0037] The clay-based polymer is prepared from starch, polyvinyl alcohol and bentonite as raw materials; the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: starch and water are mixed, heated to 90°C, and mechanically stirred for 15 minutes to form a gelatinized starch suspension, and then polyvinyl alcohol is added and stirred for 30 minutes, the temperature is lowered to 50°C, bentonite and 0.25M ammonium persulfate solution are added, and the temperature is raised to 70°C, mechanically stirred for reaction for 15 minutes, and placed in a 60°C oven for drying for 24 hours to obtain the clay-based polymer.

[0038] The carbon-based microbial agent (using biochar as a carrier and inoculated with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium) contains about 2×10 8 CFU·g -1 .

[0039] Wherein, the starch is wheat starch; the weight ratio of the starch, polyvinyl alcohol and bentonite is 7:3:5.

[0040] Wherein, the organic prepolymer comprises: chitosan, acrylic acid and montmorillonite, and the weight ratio thereof is 1:2:2.

[0041] Among them, the inorganic materials include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, silicon fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer, selenium fertilizer, and manganese fertilizer; by weight, they include 20-35 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 18-25 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 15-20 parts of potash fertilizer, 10-20 parts of calcium fertilizer, 10-20 parts of magnesium fertilizer, 8-10 parts of silicon fertilizer, 5-10 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 5-10 parts of zinc fertilizer, 1-3 parts of molybdenum fertilizer, 1-3 parts of selenium fertilizer, and 5-10 parts of manganese fertilizer.

[0042] Among them, the nitrogen fertilizer is one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium chloride, preferably urea; the phosphate fertilizer is one or more of monoammonium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and diammonium phosphate, preferably monoammonium phosphate; the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate and / or potassium chloride, preferably potassium sulfate; the calcium fertilizer is calcium oxide and / or calcium carbonate, preferably calcium carbonate; the magnesium fertilizer is magnesium sulfate and / or magnesium oxide, preferably magnesium sulfate; the silicon fertilizer is silicon dioxide and / or calcium metasilicate, preferably calcium metasilicate; the sulfur fertilizer is sulfur and / or phosphogypsum, preferably phosphogypsum; the zinc fertilizer is one or more of zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, and zinc oxide, preferably zinc sulfate; the molybdenum fertilizer is sodium molybdate; the selenium fertilizer is sodium selenite; and the manganese fertilizer is manganese sulfate.

[0043] The method for preparing the organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps:

[0044] ⑴ Mix the inorganic material, corn stalk powder, clay-based polymer and distilled water according to weight, and stir mechanically for 10-15 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry for standby use;

[0045] ⑵ First, add acrylic acid to the reaction vessel, place it in a cold water bath, slowly drop 6 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, then add chitosan and cross-linking agent and stir until completely dissolved, introduce nitrogen to react for 10 minutes, then add the slurry prepared in step ⑴, initiator and montmorillonite, control the temperature at 40°C-60°C, stir and react for 30-40 minutes, cool to 30-35°C, wash with ethanol three times, and obtain the copolymer for standby use;

[0046] ⑶ Add the carbon-based microbial agent to the copolymer prepared in step ⑵, stir for 10-20 minutes, dry, crush and sieve to prepare particles, and obtain an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer.

[0047] Wherein, the cross-linking agent is N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide; and the initiator is potassium persulfate.

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The water retention performance of the organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer prepared in the embodiment is determined by the change in mass with drying time. 2g of the organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer sample prepared in the embodiment is thoroughly mixed with 100g of dry soil (≤18 mesh) in a glass beaker and weighed (M0). Distilled water (30mL) is added to the beaker containing the sample and soil mixture, and the beaker is weighed again (M1). The beaker is incubated at ambient temperature and weighed once every 3 days (M i) for 30 consecutive days. 100g of dry soil without any fertilizer is used as a control. The water retention rate (WR%) of the soil is calculated according to the formula WR% = (Mi-M0) / (M1-M0)×100%.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] An organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of a clay-based polymer, 200 parts of an organic prepolymer, 40 parts of corn stalk powder, 80 parts of an inorganic material, and 6 parts of a carbon-based microbial agent; the organic prepolymer comprises chitosan, acrylic acid, and montmorillonite in a weight ratio of 1:2:2; the inorganic material comprises, by weight, 20 parts of urea, 18 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8 parts of calcium metasilicate, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 part of sodium molybdate, 1 part of sodium selenite, and 5 parts of manganese sulfate.

[0052] The method for preparing the organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps:

[0053] ⑴ Mix the inorganic material, corn stalk powder, clay-based polymer and distilled water according to weight, and stir mechanically for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry for standby use;

[0054] ⑵ First, add acrylic acid to the reaction vessel, place it in a cold water bath, slowly drop 6 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, then add chitosan and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide and stir until completely dissolved, introduce nitrogen to react for 10 minutes, then add the slurry prepared in step ⑴, potassium persulfate and montmorillonite, control the temperature at 40°C, stir and react for 30 minutes, cool to 30°C, wash with ethanol three times, and obtain the copolymer for standby use;

[0055] ⑶ Add the carbon-based microbial agent to the copolymer prepared in step ⑵, stir for 10 minutes, dry, crush and sieve to prepare particles, and obtain an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer.

[0056] According to the water retention test, the water retention rate of the soil containing the organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer prepared in Example 1 was 26.83% after 30 days, while the dry soil without any fertilizer had lost all its water after 24 hours.

[0057] Compared with conventional chemical fertilizers, after applying the above-mentioned organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer, the number of beneficial bacteria in the soil increased by 17.9 times, and the number of harmful bacteria decreased by 40.8%. Among them, the beneficial bacteria in the soil are mainly bacteria and actinomycetes, and the pathogenic bacteria in the soil are mainly fungi.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] An organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of a clay-based polymer, 400 parts of an organic prepolymer, 50 parts of corn stalk powder, 100 parts of an inorganic material, and 7 parts of a carbon-based microbial agent; the organic prepolymer comprises chitosan, acrylic acid, and montmorillonite in a weight ratio of 1:2:2; the inorganic material comprises, by weight, 35 parts of urea, 25 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 20 parts of calcium carbonate, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10 parts of calcium metasilicate, 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of sodium molybdate, 3 parts of sodium selenite, and 10 parts of manganese sulfate.

[0060] The method for preparing the organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps:

[0061] ⑴ Mix the inorganic material, corn stalk powder, clay-based polymer and distilled water according to weight, and stir mechanically for 15 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry for standby use;

[0062] ⑵ First, add acrylic acid to the reaction vessel, place it in a cold water bath, slowly drop 6 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, then add chitosan and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide and stir until completely dissolved, introduce nitrogen to react for 10 minutes, then add the slurry prepared in step ⑴, potassium persulfate and montmorillonite, control the temperature at 60°C, stir and react for 40 minutes, cool to 35°C, wash with ethanol three times, and obtain the copolymer for standby use;

[0063] ⑶ Add the carbon-based microbial agent to the copolymer prepared in step ⑵, stir for 20 minutes, dry, crush and sieve to prepare particles, and obtain an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer.

[0064] According to the water retention test, the water retention rate of the soil containing the organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer prepared in Example 1 was 27.19% after 30 days, while the dry soil without any fertilizer had lost all its water after 24 hours.

[0065] Compared with conventional chemical fertilizers, after applying the above-mentioned organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer, the number of beneficial bacteria in the soil increased by 18.8 times, and the number of harmful bacteria decreased by 41.6%. Among them, the beneficial bacteria in the soil are mainly bacteria and actinomycetes, and the pathogenic bacteria in the soil are mainly fungi.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] An organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of a clay-based polymer, 300 parts of an organic prepolymer, 45 parts of corn stalk powder, 90 parts of an inorganic material, and 6.5 parts of a carbon-based microbial agent; the organic prepolymer comprises chitosan, acrylic acid, and montmorillonite in a weight ratio of 1:2:2; the inorganic material comprises, by weight, 30 parts of urea, 22 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 18 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 15 parts of magnesium sulfate, 9 parts of calcium metasilicate, 7 parts of phosphogypsum, 8 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of sodium molybdate, 2 parts of sodium selenite, and 8 parts of manganese sulfate.

[0068] The method for preparing the organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps:

[0069] ⑴ Mix the inorganic material, corn stalk powder, clay-based polymer and distilled water according to weight, and stir mechanically for 12 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry for standby use;

[0070] ⑵ First, add acrylic acid to the reaction vessel, place it in a cold water bath, slowly drop 6 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, then add chitosan and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide and stir until completely dissolved, introduce nitrogen to react for 10 minutes, then add the slurry prepared in step ⑴, potassium persulfate and montmorillonite, control the temperature at 50°C, stir and react for 35 minutes, cool to 32°C, wash with ethanol three times, and obtain the copolymer for standby use;

[0071] ⑶ Add the carbon-based microbial agent to the copolymer prepared in step ⑵, stir for 15 minutes, dry, crush and sieve to prepare particles, and obtain an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer.

[0072] According to the water retention test, the water retention rate of the soil containing the organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer prepared in Example 1 was 28.12% after 30 days, while the dry soil without any fertilizer had lost all its water after 24 hours.

[0073] Compared with conventional chemical fertilizers, after applying the above-mentioned organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer, the number of beneficial bacteria in the soil increased by 19.1 times, and the number of harmful bacteria decreased by 46.5%. Among them, the beneficial bacteria in the soil are mainly bacteria and actinomycetes, and the pathogenic bacteria in the soil are mainly fungi.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] The clay-based polymer described in the above embodiments 1-3 is prepared using wheat starch, polyvinyl alcohol and bentonite as raw materials; the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing wheat starch and water, heating to 90°C and mechanically stirring for 15 minutes to form a gelatinized starch suspension, then adding polyvinyl alcohol and stirring for 30 minutes, cooling to 50°C, adding bentonite and 0.25M ammonium persulfate solution, and raising the temperature to 70°C, mechanically stirring for 15 minutes, and drying in a 60°C oven for 24 hours to obtain a clay-based polymer; wherein the weight ratio of the wheat starch, polyvinyl alcohol and bentonite is 7:3:5.

[0076] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0077] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from raw materials composed of the following parts by weight: 60-80 parts of clay-based polymer, 200-400 parts of organic prepolymer, 40-50 parts of corn stalk powder, 80-100 parts of inorganic material, and 6-7 parts of carbon-based microbial agent; The clay-based polymer includes: starch, polyvinyl alcohol and bentonite; The organic prepolymer comprises chitosan, acrylic acid and montmorillonite.

2. The organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic materials include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, silicon fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer, selenium fertilizer and manganese fertilizer.

3. The organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inorganic materials include, by weight, 20-35 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 18-25 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, 15-20 parts of potassium fertilizer, 10-20 parts of calcium fertilizer, 10-20 parts of magnesium fertilizer, 8-10 parts of silicon fertilizer, 5-10 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 5-10 parts of zinc fertilizer, 1-3 parts of molybdenum fertilizer, 1-3 parts of selenium fertilizer, and 5-10 parts of manganese fertilizer.

4. The organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The nitrogen fertilizer is one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium chloride; the phosphate fertilizer is one or more of monoammonium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and diammonium phosphate; the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate and / or potassium chloride; the calcium fertilizer is calcium oxide and / or calcium carbonate; the magnesium fertilizer is magnesium sulfate and / or magnesium oxide; the silicon fertilizer is silicon dioxide and / or calcium metasilicate; the sulfur fertilizer is sulfur and / or phosphogypsum; the zinc fertilizer is one or more of zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, and zinc oxide; the molybdenum fertilizer is sodium molybdate; the selenium fertilizer is sodium selenite; and the manganese fertilizer is manganese sulfate.

5. The organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific preparation method of the clay-based polymer comprises the following steps: mixing starch and water, heating to 90°C, mechanically stirring for 15 minutes to form a gelatinized starch suspension, then adding polyvinyl alcohol and stirring for 30 minutes, cooling to 50°C, adding bentonite and 0.25M ammonium persulfate solution, and raising the temperature to 70°C, mechanically stirring for 15 minutes, and drying in a 60°C oven for 24 hours to obtain a clay-based polymer.

6. The organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The starch is wheat starch; the weight ratio of the starch, polyvinyl alcohol and bentonite is 7:3:

5.

7. The organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of chitosan, acrylic acid and montmorillonite is 1:2:

2.

8. A method for preparing an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps include: ⑴ Mix the inorganic material, corn stalk powder, clay-based polymer and distilled water according to weight, and stir mechanically for 10-15 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry for standby use; ⑵ First, add acrylic acid to the reaction vessel, place it in a cold water bath, slowly drop 6 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, then add chitosan and cross-linking agent and stir until completely dissolved, introduce nitrogen to react for 10 minutes, then add the slurry prepared in step ⑴, initiator and montmorillonite, control the temperature at 40°C-60°C, stir and react for 30-40 minutes, cool to 30-35°C, wash with ethanol three times, and obtain the copolymer for standby use; ⑶ Add the carbon-based microbial agent to the copolymer prepared in step ⑵, stir for 10-20 minutes, dry, crush and sieve to prepare particles, and obtain an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer.

9. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic polymer water-retaining full-element fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cross-linking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide; the initiator is potassium persulfate.