Construction method of railway cutting side ditch

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway drainage engineering, and discloses a railway cutting gutter construction method which comprises the following steps: constructing a railway slope and a railway ballast bed; the tunnel is excavated at the preset position; the prefabricated ditch body is placed in the underground tunnel; the integrated ballast blocking piece is installed on a railway side ditch and a railway ballast bed; horizontally laying a two-way stretching grating net on the top of the ditch body, and enabling the two-way stretching grating net to cover the ditch body; edge water-permeable net cages are placed on the two sides of the upper portion of the ditch body, and the outer surfaces of the edge water-permeable net cages are reversely wrapped with the ends of the two-way stretching grating nets; a middle water-permeable net cage is arranged between the two edge water-permeable net cages, and the middle water-permeable net cage is located above the two-way stretching grating net so that the two-way stretching grating net can be straightened; and railway ballasts are laid on the sides, close to the railway ballast bed, of the integrated ballast blocking pieces to the elevation of the railway ballast bed. The problems that in the prior art, railway side ditches are damaged, cracked and blocked, and railway ballasts occupy road shoulders can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway drainage engineering, and in particular to a construction method for a railway cutting ditch. Background Art

[0002] The construction foundation of the railway is to excavate or fill on the natural ground to form a road cutting or embankment. The road cutting is excavated from the original ground downwards, which can play the role of easing the longitudinal slope of the road or controlling the elevation of the crossing line across the ridge. After the railway construction is completed, it will be put into use. During the long-term operation of the train, the train load, deadweight and vibration may cause the roadbed filling and compaction to fail to meet the requirements, resulting in local or large-area vertical deformation. Among them, the roadbed of the road cutting will settle, and the settlement of the roadbed of the road cutting will cause the railway line to sink, affecting the track elevation and the safety of train operation.

[0003] In order to ensure the track elevation and train running safety, railway maintenance personnel usually raise the track by filling ballast or ballast filling, and adjust the line smoothness in real time, which also causes the thickness of the railway track bed to continue to increase. Since the distance between the track bed in the cutting and the cutting ditch is not large, the ballast on both sides of the track bed will occupy the shoulders of the existing cutting after the track is raised and filled with ballast, resulting in insufficient shoulder width, making it impossible for maintenance and inspection personnel or machinery along the railway to operate normally.

[0004] In response to the above problems, technicians in this field usually use the method of laying pile foundation crown beams on both sides of the roadbed to widen the shoulders. However, this method is expensive and labor-intensive on the one hand, and the pile foundation crown beam is constructed based on the height after the current ballast is filled and raised. If the subsequent road cutting continues to settle, the previously constructed pile foundation crown beam will not be able to fully and effectively widen the shoulders. In addition, the construction process of the pile foundation crown beam to widen the roadbed is characterized by many points, deep holes, a wide excavation range, and a large amount of concrete, which has a great impact on the roadbed. During the rainy season, digging holes will cause rainwater to seep into the bottom of the roadbed, which will further aggravate the impact on the stability of the roadbed.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new construction method for railway cutting ditch. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a method for constructing a railway cutting ditch, which solves the problems of railway ditch damage, cracking, blockage, and ballast encroaching on the shoulder in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a construction method of a railway cutting ditch, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Construction of railway slopes and railway ballast;

[0009] Excavate tunnels at pre-set locations;

[0010] placing a prefabricated trench body in the tunnel;

[0011] Install integrated ballast retaining parts;

[0012] Laying a biaxially stretched grid mesh horizontally on the top of the trench body so that the biaxially stretched grid mesh covers the top of the trench body;

[0013] Place edge permeable mesh boxes on both sides above the ditch body, and reversely cover the ends of the biaxially stretched grid net on the outer surface of the edge permeable mesh boxes;

[0014] An intermediate water-permeable mesh box is arranged between the two edge water-permeable mesh boxes, and the intermediate water-permeable mesh box is located above the biaxially stretched grid mesh so as to be able to straighten the biaxially stretched grid mesh;

[0015] Ballast is laid on a side of the integrated ballast retaining member close to the railway track bed to the elevation of the railway track bed.

[0016] Furthermore, the following steps are also included before excavating the tunnel:

[0017] A slope hard isolation layer and a ballast bed hard isolation layer are respectively arranged on the free surface of the railway slope and the free surface of the railway ballast bed, the excavation position of the tunnel is formed between the slope hard isolation layer and the ballast bed hard isolation layer, and the tunnel and the railway side ditch are conformal.

[0018] Furthermore, the center line of the preset position for excavating the tunnel coincides with the center axis between the slope hard isolation layer and the roadbed hard isolation layer.

[0019] Furthermore, after the construction of the tunnel is completed:

[0020] Laying a layer of geotextile in the tunnel;

[0021] Laying a bentonite layer on the inner side of the geotextile;

[0022] A layer of the geotextile is laid on the inner side of the bentonite layer.

[0023] Furthermore, the integrated ballast retaining member includes a cover plate and a vertical plate vertically arranged on the cover plate, and a plurality of load uniform distribution plates are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the vertical plate. The cover plate is arranged above the railway side ditch, and the load uniform distribution plate extends into the railway roadbed away from one end of the vertical plate.

[0024] Furthermore, the load distribution plate is inclined, and an angle less than 90° is formed between the upper surface of the load distribution plate and the working surface of the vertical plate facing the railway track bed.

[0025] Furthermore, the load distribution plates divide the soil of the railway track bed into at least two layers along the height direction, and each load distribution plate bears the soil pressure of the corresponding soil above itself.

[0026] Furthermore, when the integrated ballast retaining member is provided:

[0027] Laying ballast to the bottom layer of the load distribution plate on one side of the integrated ballast retaining member close to the railway track bed and then compacting it;

[0028] After laying ballast between two adjacent load evenly distributing plates and compacting it;

[0029] Repeat the above steps until the laid ballast reaches the elevation of the railway track bed.

[0030] Furthermore, a plurality of the cover plates are evenly arranged in sequence along the length direction of the railway track bed, and a plurality of the vertical plates are arranged in sequence along the length direction of each of the cover plates.

[0031] Furthermore, along the length direction of the structure, the biaxially stretched grid net is also arranged between two adjacent cover plates, and two ends of the biaxially stretched grid net are respectively hung on the corresponding cover plates.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] In the construction method of the railway cutting ditch provided by the present invention, on the one hand, a permeable mesh box is used as the main structure of the ditch covering, and a biaxially stretched grid net is used as the supporting structure. The biaxially stretched grid net reversely covers the edge permeable mesh box, and the middle permeable mesh box is placed on the biaxially stretched grid net, so that the force of the edge permeable mesh box is inward, reducing the horizontal stress generated by the ditch covering on the railway slope side and the railway roadbed side. The ditch covering can have both structural strength and buffering effect, thereby reducing the impact damage of the external medium on the railway ditch; on the other hand, The permeable mesh box has a porous structure, which can not only ensure that the external water medium can pass through smoothly and flow into the ditch, but also filter the debris or blocky gravel media rolling down the railway slope to prevent the ditch from being blocked. On the other hand, through the setting of the integrated ballast retaining parts, lateral constraints can be provided to the ballast to avoid the problems of ballast encroaching on the railway ditch and damaging the railway ditch. When encountering continuous or short-term heavy rainfall, the integrated ballast retaining parts can effectively prevent rainwater from seeping into the railway bed, thereby improving the flood control and resistance capacity of the railway bed and ensuring the stability of the railway bed.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and part of them will become obvious from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 A flow chart of the railway cutting ditch construction method provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A first cross-sectional structural diagram of a railway structure in the railway cutting ditch construction method provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A second cross-sectional structural diagram of a railway structure in the railway cutting ditch construction method provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a cover plate in the railway cutting ditch construction method provided by the present invention.

[0040] Description of Reference Numerals

[0041] 1-railway slope; 2-railway ballast bed; 3-first ditch body; 4-second ditch body; 5-U-shaped nail; 6-biaxially stretched grid mesh; 61-first grid mesh; 62-second grid mesh; 63-supporting member; 7-edge permeable mesh box; 8-middle permeable mesh box; 9-hard isolation; 10-waterproof layer; 11-cover plate; 111-main board; 112-left board; 113-right board; 114-adjustable plate; 115-first protrusion; 116-second protrusion; 117-main protrusion; 118-left locking protrusion; 119-right locking protrusion; 1110-locking ring; 1111-permeable mesh; 12-vertical plate; 13-load distribution plate; 14-heel plate; 15-drainage through hole; 16-reinforcement tenon; 17-positioning plate; 18-support plate; 19-reinforcement block; 20-ballast retaining block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used to explain the principles of the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] The present invention provides a method for constructing a railway cutting ditch. Figures 1 to 3 , including the following steps:

[0044] Constructing railway slope 1 and railway track bed 2;

[0045] Excavate tunnels at pre-determined locations;

[0046] Placing the prefabricated trench body in the tunnel;

[0047] Installing the integrated ballast retaining member on the railway ditch and the railway track bed 2;

[0048] Lay the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6 horizontally on the top of the ditch body so that the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6 covers the top of the ditch body;

[0049] Place edge permeable mesh boxes 7 on both sides above the ditch body, and reversely wrap the ends of the biaxially stretched grid net 6 around the edge permeable mesh boxes 7;

[0050] The middle permeable mesh box 8 is placed between the permeable mesh boxes 7 at the edges of the two sides. It should be noted that in the transverse direction of the railway ditch, there are multiple middle permeable mesh boxes 8, and the multiple middle permeable mesh boxes 8 are evenly and neatly stacked on the biaxially stretched grid net 6, and the self-weight of the middle permeable mesh boxes 8 is used to straighten the biaxially stretched grid net 6;

[0051] Ballast is laid to the elevation of the railway track bed 2 on one side of the integrated ballast retaining member close to the railway track bed 2 .

[0052] It should be noted that the structures of the edge permeable mesh box 7 and the middle permeable mesh box 8 are basically the same, both of which are galvanized anti-rust permeable mesh boxes, which include a box body and block-shaped granular stones filled in the box body. The galvanized anti-rust permeable mesh box is simple to construct, has a long service life, good permeability, strong ductility, simple and convenient later repair, and low cost. Using it as the edge permeable mesh box 7 and the middle permeable mesh box 8 can not only improve the construction efficiency, but also reduce the construction difficulty and facilitate the maintenance of the later staff.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, in the construction method of the railway cutting ditch provided in this embodiment, on the one hand, a permeable mesh box is used as the main structure of the ditch cover, and a biaxially stretched grid net 6 is used as a supporting structure. The biaxially stretched grid net 6 reversely covers the edge permeable mesh box 7, and the middle permeable mesh box 8 is placed on the biaxially stretched grid net 6, so that the force of the edge permeable mesh box is inward, reducing the horizontal stress generated by the ditch cover on the railway slope 1 side and the railway roadbed 2 side. The ditch cover can have both structural strength and buffering effect, thereby reducing the impact damage of external media on the railway ditch On the other hand, the permeable mesh box has a porous structure, which can not only ensure that the external water medium can pass through smoothly and flow into the ditch, but also filter the debris or blocky gravel media rolling down the railway slope 1 to prevent the ditch from being blocked; on the other hand, through the setting of the integrated ballast retaining parts, lateral constraints can be provided to the ballast to avoid the problems of ballast encroaching on the railway ditch and damaging the railway ditch. When encountering continuous or short-term heavy rainfall, the integrated ballast retaining parts can effectively prevent rainwater from seeping into the railway bed 2, thereby improving the flood control and resistance capacity of the railway bed 2 and ensuring the stability of the railway bed 2.

[0054] It should also be noted that the steps of the above-mentioned construction method are not limited to the order in which they are written, and can be arranged and combined at will according to the specific construction environment.

[0055] In order to ensure the smooth completion of the tunnel, the following steps need to be performed before excavating the tunnel:

[0056] Hard isolation 9 is constructed on the free surface of the railway slope 1 and the railway ballast 2 respectively, that is, a slope hard isolation layer is constructed on the free surface of the railway slope 1, and a ballast bed hard isolation layer is constructed on the free surface of the railway ballast 2, and a position for excavating a tunnel is formed between the slope hard isolation layer and the ballast bed hard isolation layer, and the tunnel is conformal to the railway ditch body.

[0057] It can be understood that the "free surface" in the above specific implementation mode refers to the boundary surface of the free space when the rock and soil body slides. In the present invention, it refers to the working surface of the railway slope 1 facing the railway track bed 2 and the working surface of the railway track bed 2 facing the railway slope 1; "hard isolation" refers to a physical isolation zone with hardness constructed by using materials such as concrete according to the specific construction environment. In the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, this is to prevent the rock and soil in the railway slope 1 or the railway roadbed 2 from sliding, which may affect the construction and later use of the middle tunnel; "ditch body conformal" means that the cross-section of the tunnel is the same as the cross-section structure of the railway ditch, which can also be understood as the outer surface of the prefabricated structure is in contact with the inner surface of the tunnel.

[0058] Furthermore, when confirming the preset position of the tunnel, the center line along the length direction of the tunnel coincides with the center axis between the hard isolation layer of the slope and the hard isolation layer of the ballast bed, that is, the preset position of the tunnel is located at the center position between the railway slope 1 and the railway ballast bed 2.

[0059] For the structure of the integrated ballast retaining element, see Figure 3 , including a cover plate 11, a vertical plate 12, a load uniformly distributing plate 13 and a heel plate 14. The cover plate 11 is erected above the railway ditch, one end of the heel plate 14 is fixedly connected to the cover plate 11, and the other end of the heel plate 14 is inserted into the railway track bed 2. The vertical plate 12 is arranged above the connection between the heel plate 14 and the cover plate 11 in the vertical direction, so that the vertical plate 12, the cover plate 11 and the heel plate 14 form an inverted T-shaped structure. A plurality of load uniformly distributing plates 13 are sequentially arranged along the height direction of the vertical plate 12, one end of the load uniformly distributing plate 13 is inserted into the railway track bed 2, and the other end of the load uniformly distributing plate 13 is fixedly connected to the vertical plate 12. In the direction gradually away from the vertical plate 12, the load uniformly distributing plate 13 is inclined upward, that is, an angle is formed between the upper surface of the load uniformly distributing plate 13 and the working surface of the vertical plate 12 facing the railway track bed 2, and the angle is less than 90°. The integrated ballast retaining member of this structure is provided with a load uniformly distributing plate 13 with a certain slope. The load uniformly distributing plate 13 divides the soil of the railway track bed 2 into at least two layers in the vertical direction. The vertical plate 12 and the load uniformly distributing plate 13 only need to bear the soil pressure of the corresponding layers, thereby achieving uniform distribution of the soil pressure borne by the ballast retaining plate and reducing the lateral pressure of the ballast on the lower part of the vertical plate 12. At the same time, since the load uniformly distributing plate 13 has a certain slope, it can guide the water medium in the railway track bed 2 so that the water medium can quickly flow out of the railway track bed 2 to avoid flooding of the railway track bed 2.

[0060] Based on the structure of the integrated ballast retaining member of the above structure, the following steps are also required when using the railway cutting ditch construction method provided by the present invention:

[0061] On one side of the integrated ballast retaining member close to the railway track bed 2, ballast is laid to the lowest load distribution plate 13 and then compacted;

[0062] After laying ballast between two adjacent layers of load-distributing plates 13 and compacting them;

[0063] The work of laying and compacting the ballast between two adjacent layers of load-distributing plates 13 is repeated until the laid ballast reaches the elevation of the railway track bed 2 .

[0064] The integrated ballast retaining member has a simple structure and is easy to construct and operate, and can well protect the railway track bed 2. During construction, the number of load distribution plates 13 to be arranged can be specifically determined based on the specific use environment and local soil properties.

[0065] It should be noted that, along the length direction of the railway track bed 2, the cover plate 11 and the biaxially stretched grid net 6 are both non-continuous structures, that is, a number of cover plates 11 and biaxially stretched grid nets 6 are evenly arranged in sequence along the length direction of the railway track bed 2, and one end of the biaxially stretched grid net 6 between two adjacent cover plates 11 is detachably connected to the corresponding cover plate 11. In this way, when a blockage occurs somewhere in the ditch body, the corresponding biaxially stretched grid net 6 can be separated from the cover plate 11, and the ditch body can be cleaned, without the need to remove all the biaxially stretched grid nets 6, and the removal of one biaxially stretched grid net 6 will not affect the tension of other biaxially stretched grid nets 6, thereby greatly improving the service life of the railway side ditch; in addition, the biaxially stretched grid net 6 and the permeable mesh box can increase the counterweight of the cover plate 11, thereby ensuring the overall structural stability.

[0066] Furthermore, because a plurality of cover plates 11 are uniformly arranged in sequence along the length direction of the railway track bed 2, a plurality of vertical plates 12 may also be uniformly arranged in sequence along the length direction of each cover plate 11 to enhance the structural strength and working performance of the integrated ballast retaining member.

[0067] Accordingly, in order to achieve the connection between the two ends of the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6 and the integrated ballast retaining member and improve the overall stability, the following steps are also included when performing the above construction steps:

[0068] Along the length direction of the trench body, one end of the biaxially stretched grid net 6 between two adjacent cover plates 11 is hung on the corresponding cover plate 11 , so that the cover plate 11 and the biaxially stretched grid net 6 are connected as a whole.

[0069] As a specific implementation of the present invention, in order to improve the waterproof and anti-seepage performance of the railway ditch, the following steps need to be performed after the construction of the tunnel is completed:

[0070] Lay a layer of geotextile in the tunnel;

[0071] Lay a bentonite layer on the inner side of the geotextile;

[0072] A layer of geotextile is laid inside the bentonite layer, and the two stacked layers of geotextile and the bentonite layer between the two stacked layers of geotextile constitute a waterproof layer 10 .

[0073] In this way, through the setting of the waterproof layer 10, when unforeseen cracks and water seepage occur in the ditch structure, the bentonite in the waterproof layer 10 can change from disordered to ordered expansion, so that under the restrictive effect of the two layers of geotextiles, the waterproof layer 10 itself becomes dense, thereby having waterproof and anti-seepage effects.

[0074] In order to improve the installation stability of the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6 , a rock-dropping platform is arranged between the side ditch and the railway slope 1 , and the rock-dropping platform, the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6 and the edge permeable mesh box 7 are fixedly connected by U-shaped nails 5 .

[0075] As for the structure of the ditch body, specifically, it includes a first ditch body 3 and a second ditch body 4 arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the cross-sectional shape of the first ditch body 3 is a rectangle, and the cross-sectional shape of the second ditch body 4 is an inverted isosceles trapezoid. In this way, by adopting the combined structure of the inverted isosceles trapezoid and the rectangle, the first ditch body 3 can ensure that the railway ditch has a sufficiently wide drainage channel, that is, a drainage area, without increasing the excavation project in a small amount; the second ditch body 4 can guide the flow of the external water body so that it can flow smoothly into the ditch body, reducing the accumulation of water medium near the railway slope 1; the inverted trapezoid can effectively buffer the external water body and reduce the impact on the bottom of the ditch body.

[0076] Considering that the slope of the second ditch body 4 will affect the buffering property to the external water body and the fluidity of the external water body, the slope of the second ditch body 4 is α, 0.5%≤α≤5%.

[0077] Taking into account that the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6 not only needs to bear its own weight but also needs to bear the weight of the permeable mesh box, it may become loose during long-term service, resulting in insufficient tension. Therefore, the structure of the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6 is, specifically, a double-layer structure, including a first grid mesh 61 and a second grid mesh 62 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the tensile strength of the second grid mesh 62 is greater than the tensile strength of the first grid mesh 61, and a supporting member 63 is provided between the first grid mesh 61 and the second grid mesh 62, the upper end of the supporting member 63 abuts against the first grid mesh 61, and the lower end of the supporting member 63 abuts against the second grid mesh 62. Exemplarily, the number of supporting members 63 is multiple, and multiple supporting members 63 are arranged in the central area of ​​the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6. In this way, through the setting of the supporting member 63, the first grid mesh 61 is lifted up to form an inverted arch structure, which reserves a certain margin for the relaxation of the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6. In addition, the inverted arch structure can also reduce the accumulation of block gravel.

[0078] Considering that the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6 may deform during long-term service, causing the permeable mesh box to fall and produce depressions, and the block gravel will accumulate in the depression, causing the accumulation of block gravel. In order to adjust the tension of the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6 without removing the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6, for the structure of the plate, specifically, see Figure 4The main body 111 includes a main body 111, a left side plate 112, a right side plate 113, a distance adjusting member and a locking member. The left side plate 112 is arranged on one side of the main body 111, and the biaxially stretched grid net 6 close to the left side plate 112 is hung on the left side plate 112. The right side plate 113 is arranged on the other side of the main body 111, and the biaxially stretched grid net 6 close to the right side plate 113 is hung on the right side plate 113. The distance adjusting member includes a distance adjusting plate 114, a first protrusion 115, a second protrusion 116 and a main protrusion 117. The first protrusion The protrusion 115 is provided on the left plate 112 and is fixedly connected to the left plate 112, the second protrusion 116 is provided on the right plate 113 and is fixedly connected to the right plate 113, the main protrusion 117 is provided on the main plate 111 and is fixedly connected to the main plate 111, one end of the pitch adjusting plate 114 is rotatably connected to the first protrusion 115, the other end of the pitch adjusting plate 114 is rotatably connected to the second protrusion 116, the middle part of the pitch adjusting plate 114 is rotatably connected to the main protrusion 117, and the locking member includes a left locking protrusion 118, The right locking protrusion 119 and the locking ring 1110, the left locking protrusion 118 is arranged on the left plate 112 and is fixedly connected to the left plate 112, the right locking protrusion 119 is arranged on the main plate 111 and is fixedly connected to the main plate 111, one end of the locking ring 1110 is rotatably connected to the left locking protrusion 118, and the other end of the locking ring 1110 is sleeved on the right locking protrusion 119 and is detachably connected to the right locking protrusion 119. During the construction process, the other end of the locking ring 1110 is rotatably connected to the left locking protrusion 118. 119 is not connected. Under the tension of the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6, the distance adjusting plate 114 is perpendicular to the main board 111, the left board 112 and the right board 113. When the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6 is deformed, the locking ring 1110 is pulled to make the distance adjusting plate 114 rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and the left board 112 and the right board 113 move toward the main board 111, so that the locking ring 1110 is sleeved on the right locking protrusion 119, thereby realizing the re-tensioning of the biaxially stretched grid mesh 6.

[0079] In order to further improve the drainage performance of the above-mentioned integrated ballast retaining member, a drainage through hole 15 can be provided on the above-mentioned vertical plate 12. The drainage through hole 15 is provided at the connection between the vertical plate 12 and the load uniform distribution plate 13 and is located on the upper surface of the load uniform distribution plate 13. The axial direction of the drainage through hole 15 is the same as the setting direction of the load uniform distribution plate 13. In this way, the water medium in the soil of different layers of the railway track bed 2 can flow along the load uniform distribution plate 13 to the connection between the loading plate and the vertical plate 12, and be discharged through the drainage through hole 15.

[0080] In order to effectively improve the overall anti-slip stability of the integrated ballast retaining member, the integrated ballast retaining member also includes a reinforcing tenon 16 which is arranged on the lower surface of the heel plate 14 and is located below the edge of the railway track bed 2. The reinforcing tenon 16 is inserted into the railway track bed 2 so that the integrated ballast retaining member can be firmly connected to the soil below the railway track bed 2.

[0081] Taking into account that the setting of the cover plate 11 will affect the drainage of the railway ditch, the structure of the cover plate 11, specifically, includes a plate body and a permeable net 1111. A through hole is provided on the plate body, and the permeable net 1111 is built into the through hole. On the basis of ensuring that the external water medium can smoothly pass through the permeable net 1111, it can filter out debris media other than the water medium to prevent the debris from passing through the through hole into the railway ditch.

[0082] In order to improve the connection stability between the cover plate 11 and the railway ditch, the cover plate 11 also includes two positioning plates 17, which are fixedly connected to the plate body, one of the positioning plates 17 is arranged on one side of the railway ditch, and the other positioning plate 17 is arranged on the other side of the railway ditch. The surface of the positioning plate 17 in contact with the railway ditch is conformal to the railway ditch, which can also be understood as the working surface of the positioning plate 17 facing the railway ditch is in contact with the working surface of the railway ditch facing the positioning plate 17. In this way, on the one hand, during the construction process, the positioning plate 17 can be directly placed in the railway ditch, so that the cover plate 11 can be stably installed, and the operation is simple; on the other hand, the positioning plate 17 can be stably clamped in the railway ditch, thereby improving the stability of the cover plate 11.

[0083] In order to improve the stability of the vertical plate 12 , the above-mentioned integrated ballast retaining member further includes a support plate 18 . The support plate 18 is arranged between the vertical plate 12 and the cover plate 11 , and is located on the side of the vertical plate 12 facing away from the railway track bed 2 .

[0084] In order to improve the stability of the load uniformly distributing plate 13, the above-mentioned integrated ballast retaining member also includes a reinforcement block 19, which is arranged at the connection between the load uniformly distributing plate 13 and the vertical plate 12 and is located on the lower surface of the load uniformly distributing plate 13. In this way, the end of the load uniformly distributing plate 13 close to the vertical plate 12 can be stably supported, thereby improving the overall stability of the load uniformly distributing plate 13.

[0085] Considering that the shape of the railway track bed 2 is usually trapezoidal, there is a gap between the vertical plate 12 and the railway track bed 2, and the ballast will enter the gap. Therefore, the above-mentioned integrated ballast retaining member also includes a ballast retaining block 20. The ballast retaining block 20 is arranged on the upper surface of the load distribution plate 13, and the side facing the railway track bed 2 is connected with the ballast. In this way, through the setting of the ballast retaining block 20, each layer of ballast can be laterally limited. The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0086] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0087] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a railway cutting ditch, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Construction of railway side slopes (1) and railway track beds (2); Excavate tunnels at pre-determined locations; placing a prefabricated trench body in the tunnel; Install integrated ballast retaining parts; Laying a biaxially stretched grid net (6) horizontally on the top of the trench body, so that the biaxially stretched grid net (6) covers the top of the trench body; Place edge permeable mesh boxes (7) on both sides above the ditch body, and reversely cover the ends of the biaxially stretched grid net (6) on the outer surface of the edge permeable mesh boxes (7); An intermediate water-permeable net box (8) is arranged between the two edge water-permeable net boxes (7), and the intermediate water-permeable net box (8) is located above the biaxially stretched grid net (6) so as to be able to straighten the biaxially stretched grid net (6); Ballast is laid on a side of the integrated ballast retaining member close to the railway track bed (2) to the elevation of the railway track bed (2).

2. The method for constructing a railway cutting ditch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included before excavating the tunnel: A slope hard isolation layer and a ballast bed hard isolation layer are respectively arranged on the free surface of the railway slope (1) and the free surface of the railway ballast bed (2), the excavation position of the tunnel is formed between the slope hard isolation layer and the ballast bed hard isolation layer, and the tunnel and the railway side ditch are conformal.

3. The method for constructing a railway cutting ditch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center line of the preset position for excavating the tunnel coincides with the center axis between the slope hard isolation layer and the roadbed hard isolation layer.

4. The method for constructing a railway cutting ditch according to claim 3, characterized in that: After completing the construction of the said tunnel: Laying a layer of geotextile in the tunnel; Laying a bentonite layer on the inner side of the geotextile; A layer of the geotextile is laid on the inner side of the bentonite layer.

5. The method for constructing a railway cutting ditch according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The integrated ballast retaining member comprises a cover plate (11) and a vertical plate (12) vertically arranged on the cover plate (11), a plurality of load distribution plates (13) are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the vertical plate (12), the cover plate (11) is arranged above the railway ditch, and one end of the load distribution plate (13) away from the vertical plate (12) extends into the railway track bed (2).

6. The method for constructing a railway cutting ditch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The load distribution plate (13) is arranged at an angle, and an angle less than 90° is formed between the upper surface of the load distribution plate (13) and the working surface of the vertical plate (12) facing the railway track bed (2).

7. The method for constructing a railway cutting ditch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The load distribution plates (13) divide the soil of the railway track bed (2) into at least two layers along the height direction, and each load distribution plate (13) bears the soil pressure of the corresponding soil above itself.

8. The method for constructing a railway cutting ditch according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the integrated ballast retaining member is provided: Laying ballast to the bottom layer of the load distribution plate (13) on one side of the integrated ballast retaining member close to the railway track bed and then compacting the ballast; After laying ballast between two adjacent load distribution plates (13), the ballast is compacted; The above steps are repeated until the laid ballast reaches the elevation of the railway track bed (2).

9. The method for constructing a railway cutting ditch according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of the cover plates (11) are evenly arranged in sequence along the length direction of the railway track bed (2), and a plurality of the vertical plates (12) are arranged in sequence along the length direction of each of the cover plates (11).

10. The method for constructing a railway cutting ditch according to claim 9, characterized in that: Along the length direction of the trench body, the biaxially stretched grid net (6) is also arranged between two adjacent cover plates (11), and the two ends of the biaxially stretched grid net (6) are respectively hung on the corresponding cover plates (11).

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