Device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in flood discharge and energy dissipation area of dam

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a dam flood discharge and energy dissipation area. The device comprises a high-pressure reaction kettle; a water inlet system; an air intake system; an emptying system; a drainage system; a monitoring system; a control system; wherein an observation window is formed in a kettle body of the high-pressure reaction kettle, and a magnetic stirring device is mounted in the high-pressure reaction kettle. The water inlet system and the gas inlet system are matched to quantitatively control the mass flow of water and gas entering and discharged from the high-pressure reaction kettle, control the temperature and pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle to be constant and change, and simulate the process that water flows with different aeration concentrations are injected into the water in the energy dissipation area to generate the supersaturated total dissolved gas; meanwhile, the change of the concentration of the supersaturated total dissolved gas when the pressure condition changes can be simulated, the concentration of the supersaturated total dissolved gas is monitored, and the distribution characteristics of bubbles in the water body in the supersaturated gas generation process are monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering and water environment engineering, and in particular to a supersaturated total dissolved gas generation simulation device in a dam flood discharge and energy dissipation zone. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, more and more high dams and large reservoirs have been built and put into operation. The ecological and environmental problems brought about by the operation of high dams have received more and more widespread attention from scholars and society. When the high dam discharges flood water, the surface of the downstream water tongue is strongly mixed with the air and then incident on the deep water cushion pond or energy dissipation basin downstream, causing the total dissolved gas (Total dissolved gas, TDG) in the water body to exceed the relative saturation under the local atmospheric pressure, forming a TDG-supersaturated water body. As the water body moves to the downstream river channel, the supersaturated TDG will have an adverse effect on aquatic organisms such as fish in the river channel, causing fish to suffer from "bubble disease" or even large-scale death. At present, there is a lack of corresponding simulation devices for the research on this part. Based on this, the present invention provides a supersaturated total dissolved gas generation simulation device in the flood discharge and energy dissipation area of ​​the dam to fill the gap in this part. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for simulating the generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a device for simulating the generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam, comprising:

[0005] High pressure reactor;

[0006] A water inlet system, the water inlet system comprising a water supply unit and a connecting pipe, the output end of the water supply unit is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe extends into the high-pressure reactor;

[0007] An air intake system, wherein an output end of the air intake system is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe;

[0008] A venting system, the venting system comprising a venting unit and a tailwater pool, one end of the venting unit being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the high-pressure reactor, and the other end of the venting unit being fixedly connected to the tailwater pool;

[0009] A drainage gas system, wherein the drainage gas system is installed at the bottom of the high-pressure reactor and is fixedly connected to the high-pressure reactor, and one end of the drainage gas system is fixedly connected to the tailwater pool;

[0010] A monitoring system, wherein the monitoring system is installed in the high-pressure reactor and is used to monitor the temperature, pressure and liquid level in the high-pressure reactor;

[0011] A control system, wherein the water intake system, the air intake system, the venting system, the venting system, the monitoring system, and the monitoring system are all electrically connected to the control system;

[0012] Wherein, an observation window is provided on the body of the high-pressure reactor, and a magnetic stirring device is installed in the high-pressure reactor.

[0013] According to the device for simulating the generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a dam flood discharge and energy dissipation zone provided by the present invention, the water supply unit comprises a water tank, the water tank is fixedly connected with a water pipe, one end of the water pipe is fixedly connected with the connecting pipe, and a horizontal flow pump, a water inlet valve and a first flow meter are sequentially installed on the water pipe along the water delivery direction.

[0014] According to the device for simulating the generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a dam flood discharge and energy dissipation zone provided by the present invention, the air intake system includes an air compressor, the output end of the air compressor is fixedly connected to a gas pipe, one end of the gas pipe is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe, and an air intake valve and a second flow meter are sequentially installed on the gas pipe along the gas transmission direction.

[0015] According to the device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a dam flood discharge and energy dissipation zone provided by the present invention, a filter is installed in the connecting pipe, and the filter is located between the end of the gas transmission pipe and the port of the high-pressure reactor.

[0016] According to the supersaturated total dissolved gas generation simulation device in the flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of the dam provided by the present invention, the venting system includes a first drain pipe, one end of the first drain pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the high-pressure reactor, the other end of the first drain pipe is fixedly connected to the tailwater pool, and an electromagnetic valve is installed on the first drain pipe.

[0017] According to the supersaturated total dissolved gas generation simulation device in the flood discharge and energy dissipation area of ​​the dam provided by the present invention, the drainage gas system includes a second drain pipe and an exhaust pipe, one end of the second drain pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the high-pressure reactor, and the other end is fixedly connected to the tailwater pool, one end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the high-pressure reactor, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the middle part of the second drain pipe, and a drain valve, an exhaust valve and a back-pressure valve are installed on the second drain pipe, the drain valve is arranged between the exhaust pipe and an end of the second drain pipe close to the high-pressure reactor, the back-pressure valve is arranged between the exhaust pipe and an end of the second drain pipe away from the high-pressure reactor, and the exhaust valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe.

[0018] According to the device for simulating the generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in the flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam provided by the present invention, the monitoring system includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level display and a total dissolved gas pressure measurement system, and the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the liquid level display and the total dissolved gas pressure measurement system are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0019] According to the device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a dam flood discharge and energy dissipation zone provided by the present invention, a heating device is installed on the high-pressure reactor.

[0020] According to the device for simulating supersaturated total dissolved gas generation in a dam flood discharge and energy dissipation zone provided by the present invention, a high-speed camera is installed on the observation window.

[0021] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0022] When the present invention is working, the water inlet system and the air inlet system cooperate to quantitatively control the mass flow of water and gas entering and discharging from the high-pressure reactor, control the temperature and pressure in the high-pressure reactor to be constant and changeable, simulate the process of generating supersaturated total dissolved gas in the water body of the energy dissipation zone by injecting water flows with different aeration concentrations, and simulate the change of supersaturated total dissolved gas concentration when the pressure conditions change, monitor the supersaturated total dissolved gas concentration, and monitor the distribution characteristics of bubbles in the water body during the supersaturated gas generation process.

[0023] The present invention installs the monitoring system in the high-pressure reactor, which can measure the supersaturation of the gas in the tank in real time, greatly reducing the error caused by gas release during the water discharge dissolution tank, and the obtained data is more real and effective. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a supersaturated total dissolved gas generation simulation device in a dam flood discharge and energy dissipation zone according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the change of TDG in the kettle over time under a pressure of 0.5 MPa according to the present invention.

[0027] Among them, 1. water tank; 2. tailwater pool; 3. horizontal flow pump; 4. air compressor; 5. high-pressure reactor; 6. filter screen; 7. magnetic stirring device; 8. water inlet valve; 9. air inlet valve; 10. exhaust valve; 11. back pressure valve; 12. drain valve; 13. solenoid valve; 14. first flow meter; 15. second flow meter; 16. pressure sensor; 17. temperature sensor; 18. total dissolved gas pressure measurement system; 19. liquid level display; 20. observation window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 The present invention provides a supersaturated total dissolved gas generation simulation device in a dam flood discharge and energy dissipation zone, comprising:

[0031] High pressure reactor 5;

[0032] The water inlet system includes a water supply unit and a connecting pipe. The output end of the water supply unit is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe extends into the high-pressure reactor 5. A mixing valve is provided at the connection position between the connecting pipe and the high-pressure reactor 5, which is used to mix the water and gas input into the high-pressure reactor 5 by the water inlet unit and the air intake system;

[0033] An air intake system, wherein an output end of the air intake system is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe;

[0034] The venting system includes a venting unit and a tailwater pool 2, one end of the venting unit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the high-pressure reactor 5, and the other end of the venting unit is fixedly connected to the tailwater pool 2;

[0035] A drainage gas system, which is installed at the bottom of the high-pressure reactor 5 and is fixedly connected to the high-pressure reactor 5, and one end of the drainage gas system is fixedly connected to the tailwater pool 2;

[0036] A monitoring system, the monitoring system is installed in the high-pressure reactor 5, and the monitoring system is used to monitor the temperature, pressure and liquid level in the high-pressure reactor 5;

[0037] The control system, water inlet system, air inlet system, venting system, venting system, monitoring system and monitoring system are all electrically connected to the control system;

[0038] The control system can be set according to the specific use environment, for example, it can be controlled by a single chip microcomputer or by using PLC, ARM (Advanced RISC Machine: high-end reduced instruction set machine), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array: Field Programmable Gate Array) and other methods, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment;

[0039] The body of the high-pressure reactor 5 is provided with an observation window 20 , and a magnetic stirring device 7 is installed in the high-pressure reactor 5 .

[0040] When the present invention is working, the water inlet system and the air inlet system cooperate to quantitatively control the mass flow of water and gas entering and discharging from the high-pressure reactor 5, control the temperature and pressure in the high-pressure reactor 5 to be constant and changeable, simulate the process of generating supersaturated total dissolved gas in the water body of the energy dissipation zone by injecting water flows with different aeration concentrations, and simulate the change of supersaturated total dissolved gas concentration when the pressure conditions change, monitor the supersaturated total dissolved gas concentration, and monitor the distribution characteristics of bubbles in the water body during the supersaturated gas generation process.

[0041] The present invention installs the monitoring system in the high-pressure reactor 5, which can measure the supersaturation of the gas in the tank in real time, greatly reducing the error caused by the release of gas during the discharge of water from the dissolution tank, and the obtained data is more real and effective.

[0042] The maximum speed of the magnetic stirring device 7 can reach 750r / min, which is used to stir the solution in the dissolving tank to fully dissolve the gas. The window is used for the experimenter to observe the gas and liquid state in the tank

[0043] According to a further optimization scheme, the water supply unit includes a water tank 1, to which a water pipe is fixedly connected, one end of which is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe, and a horizontal flow pump 3, a water inlet valve 8 and a first flow meter 14 are sequentially installed on the water pipe along the water delivery direction.

[0044] The horizontal flow pump 3 can realize the injection of water at a constant flow rate into the high-pressure reactor 5. The first flow meter 14 can be set to compare the injection water flow rate displayed by the horizontal flow pump 3, thereby accurately displaying the injection water flow rate. The pumping efficiency of the horizontal flow pump 3 is 0.1-30000ml / min.

[0045] According to a further optimization scheme, the air intake system includes an air compressor 4, the output end of the air compressor 4 is fixedly connected to an air supply pipe, one end of the air supply pipe is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe, and an air intake valve 9 and a second flow meter 15 are sequentially installed on the air supply pipe along the air supply direction.

[0046] The second flow meter 15 is a gas mass flow meter, and the gas mass flow meter can be set to inject a constant flow of gas into the high-pressure reactor 5.

[0047] According to a further optimized solution, a filter screen 6 is installed in the connecting pipe, and the filter screen 6 is located between the end of the gas transmission pipe and the port of the high-pressure reactor 5 .

[0048] The filter screen can be replaced with different numbers of screens to enable bubbles of various sizes and gas mixtures to be injected into the high-pressure reactor 5 .

[0049] To further optimize the solution, the venting system includes a first drain pipe, one end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the high-pressure reactor 5, and the other end of the first drain pipe is fixedly connected to the tailwater pool 2, and a solenoid valve 13 is installed on the first drain pipe.

[0050] The electromagnetic valve 13 is used to control the opening and closing of the first drain pipe, so that the air and water in the high-pressure reactor 5 can be completely discharged out of the high-pressure reactor 5 after the experiment is completed, so as to facilitate the rapid emptying of the high-pressure reactor 5.

[0051] To further optimize the solution, the drainage gas system includes a second drainage pipe and an exhaust pipe, one end of the second drainage pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the high-pressure reactor 5, and the other end is fixedly connected to the tailwater pool 2, one end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the high-pressure reactor 5, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the middle of the second drainage pipe, and a drainage valve 12, an exhaust valve 10 and a back-pressure valve 11 are installed on the second drainage pipe, the drainage valve 12 is arranged between the exhaust pipe and an end of the second drainage pipe close to the high-pressure reactor 5, the back-pressure valve 11 is arranged between the exhaust pipe and an end of the second drainage pipe away from the high-pressure reactor 5, and the exhaust valve 10 is arranged on the exhaust pipe.

[0052] The back pressure valve 11 can be provided to maintain a constant pressure inside the autoclave 5 when water or gas continuously flows into the autoclave 5. The drain valve 12 and the exhaust valve 10 are used to control the draining or exhausting of the autoclave 5, respectively.

[0053] To further optimize the solution, the monitoring system includes a temperature sensor 17, a pressure sensor 16, a liquid level display 19 and a total dissolved gas pressure measurement system 18, and the temperature sensor 17, the pressure sensor 16, the liquid level display 19 and the total dissolved gas pressure measurement system 18 are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0054] The temperature of the water in the high-pressure reactor 5 is detected by the temperature sensor 17; the temperature control range is 15°C - 60°C.

[0055] The dissolved gas pressure measurement system is set up to transmit the total dissolved gas pressure data of the water body to the computer in real time. The dissolved gas pressure measurement system adopts the existing technology;

[0056] The pressure sensor 16 is provided to record the change of the pressure in the kettle;

[0057] The liquid level in the kettle can be displayed by setting the liquid level display device.

[0058] In a further optimized solution, a heating device is installed on the high-pressure reactor 5. The temperature of the water in the reactor can be controlled by the heating device. The heating device adopts electromagnetic heating or other methods in the prior art, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0059] To further optimize the solution, a high-speed camera is installed on the observation window 20. The high-speed camera can be used to shoot the water in the high-pressure reactor 5, and analyze the bubble size characteristics and the gas concentration in the water.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0061] The above embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supersaturated total dissolved gas generation simulation device in a dam flood discharge and energy dissipation area, characterized in that: include: High pressure reactor (5); A water inlet system, the water inlet system comprising a water supply unit and a connecting pipe, the output end of the water supply unit being fixedly connected to one end of the connecting pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe extending into the high-pressure reactor (5); An air intake system, wherein an output end of the air intake system is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe; A venting system, the venting system comprising a venting unit and a tailwater pool (2), one end of the venting unit being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the high-pressure reactor (5), and the other end of the venting unit being fixedly connected to the tailwater pool (2); a drainage gas system, the drainage gas system being installed at the bottom of the high-pressure reactor (5) and being fixedly connected to the high-pressure reactor (5), and one end of the drainage gas system being fixedly connected to the tailwater pool (2); A monitoring system, the monitoring system being installed in the high-pressure reactor (5), the monitoring system being used to monitor the temperature, pressure and liquid level in the high-pressure reactor (5); A control system, wherein the water intake system, the air intake system, the venting system, the venting system, the monitoring system, and the monitoring system are all electrically connected to the control system; The high-pressure reactor (5) is provided with an observation window (20) on its body, and a magnetic stirring device (7) is installed inside the high-pressure reactor (5).

2. The device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply unit comprises a water tank (1), the water tank (1) is fixedly connected to a water delivery pipe, one end of the water delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe, and a horizontal flow pump (3), a water inlet valve (8) and a first flow meter (14) are sequentially installed on the water delivery pipe along the water delivery direction.

3. The device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake system comprises an air compressor (4), the output end of the air compressor (4) is fixedly connected to an air supply pipe, one end of the air supply pipe is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe, and an air intake valve (9) and a second flow meter (15) are sequentially installed on the air supply pipe along the air supply direction.

4. The device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: A filter screen (6) is installed in the connecting pipe, and the filter screen (6) is located between the end of the gas transmission pipe and the port of the high-pressure reactor (5).

5. The device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The venting system comprises a first drain pipe, one end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the high-pressure reactor (5), and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the tailwater pool (2), and a solenoid valve (13) is installed on the first drain pipe.

6. The device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage gas system comprises a second drainage pipe and an exhaust pipe, one end of the second drainage pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the high-pressure reactor (5), and the other end is fixedly connected to the tailwater pool (2), one end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the top end of the high-pressure reactor (5), and the other end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the middle part of the second drainage pipe, and the second drainage pipe is installed with a drainage valve (12), an exhaust valve (10) and a back pressure valve (11), the drainage valve (12) is arranged between the exhaust pipe and an end of the second drainage pipe close to the high-pressure reactor (5), the back pressure valve (11) is arranged between the exhaust pipe and an end of the second drainage pipe away from the high-pressure reactor (5), and the exhaust valve (10) is arranged on the exhaust pipe.

7. The device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring system comprises a temperature sensor (17), a pressure sensor (16), a liquid level display (19) and a total dissolved gas pressure measurement system (18); the temperature sensor (17), the pressure sensor (16), the liquid level display (19) and the total dissolved gas pressure measurement system (18) are all electrically connected to the control system.

8. The device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure reactor (5) is equipped with a heating device.

9. The device for simulating generation of supersaturated total dissolved gas in a flood discharge and energy dissipation zone of a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-speed camera is installed on the observation window (20).

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