Battery pack thermal management system

Abstract

A battery pack management system with an enhanced temperature equalization function comprises: a battery pack comprising a heat conduction housing; the uniform temperature plate module comprises an evaporation surface and a condensation surface, the evaporation surface is in heat conduction connection with the corresponding area of the heat conduction shell, and two-phase flow heat transfer can be carried out between the evaporation surface and the condensation surface in one direction from the evaporation surface to the condensation surface in the heat transfer direction; and the phase change material module comprises a container and a phase change material, and the container is in heat conduction connection with the condensation surface and accommodates the phase change material.

Description

Battery pack thermal management system Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a thermal management system, and more particularly to a battery pack thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] The general phase change material thermal management system is not satisfactory in achieving uniform temperature during high-speed charging and discharging.

[0003] A new thermal management system should be proposed to enhance the temperature equalization function.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] One embodiment of the present invention provides a battery pack management system with enhanced temperature equalization function, comprising: a battery pack, comprising a heat-conductive shell; a temperature equalization plate module, comprising an evaporation surface and a condensation surface, wherein the evaporation surface is thermally connected to a corresponding area of ​​the heat-conductive shell, wherein between the evaporation surface and the condensation surface, one-way two-phase flow heat transfer can be carried out from the evaporation surface toward the condensation surface in a heat transfer direction; a phase change material module, comprising a container and a phase change material, wherein the container is thermally connected to the condensation surface and accommodates the phase change material, wherein when a phase change occurs, the phase change material includes latent heat; wherein the heat transfer direction is parallel to the ground; wherein the phase change material can be heated by the two-phase flow heat transfer; wherein when a phase change occurs, the heat transfer of the phase change material in the heat transfer direction is mainly conduction and supplemented by convection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] FIG1 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention, a thermal management system suitable for a battery pack.

[0007] Legend:

[0008] <Present invention> 1 Battery pack 2 First vapor chamber module 3 Second vapor chamber module 4 Third vapor chamber module 5 First gap 6 First phase change material module 7 Second gap 8 Second phase change material module DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] Referring to Figure 1, a top view of one embodiment of the present invention, a thermal management system suitable for a battery pack. The four sides of the battery pack 1 are thermally connected to the first evaporation surface of the first temperature equalizer module 2. The second temperature equalizer module 3 is arranged in parallel with the first temperature equalizer module 2, and a first gap 5 is formed in the middle. The first phase change material module 6 is arranged in the first gap 5. The third temperature equalizer module 4 and the second temperature equalizer module 3 are arranged in parallel, and a second gap 7 is formed in the middle. The second phase change material module 8 is arranged in the first gap 7. Thermal conductive connection refers to the close connection of two substances for heat exchange. The two substances may be bonded together or may be separable.

[0010] In one embodiment, the battery pack 1 has an aluminum heat-conducting shell, and any side of the heat-conducting shell may be thermally connected to one or more first heat spreaders. The first heat spreader module 2 includes a first heat spreader and a support plate. One side of the support plate is thermally connected to the evaporation surface of the first heat spreader by a thermal interface material, and the other side is thermally connected to the corresponding area of ​​the heat-conducting shell by a thermal interface material. In one embodiment, the heat treatment system has a set of support columns as a supporting skeleton, and the support plate is fixed to the support columns. In one embodiment, a support plate is thermally connected to multiple first heat spreaders.

[0011] The first temperature equalizing plate includes an evaporation surface and a condensation surface parallel to each other. From the evaporation surface toward the condensation surface, outward away from the battery pack, two-phase flow heat transfer including liquid phase and gas phase can be performed. In one embodiment, the direction of the two-phase flow heat transfer is parallel to the ground. In one embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the temperature equalizing plate can reach 4533W / mK through two-phase flow heat transfer. In one embodiment, the condensation surfaces of multiple first temperature equalizing plates constitute the condensation surface of the first temperature equalizing plate module 2, and the multiple supporting flat plates thermally connected to the evaporation surface of the first temperature equalizing plate constitute the evaporation surface of the first temperature equalizing plate module 2.

[0012] In one embodiment, if a battery pack anomaly occurs, a small area of ​​the heat-conducting housing experiences high-power heat generation. The first vapor chamber module 2 uses two-phase heat transfer to convert the high-power heat flow in this small area into low-power heat flow, which is evenly distributed across a large condensation surface. In one embodiment, the first vapor chamber module 2 can serve as a heat transfer rectifier, temporarily isolating the latent heat of the first phase change material from the battery pack 1.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first phase change material module 6 comprises a first container with an aluminum metal shell, containing a first phase change material. In one embodiment, the first phase change material is a paraffin composite material with a melting point of 45°C. During this phase change, it can absorb a large amount of first latent heat with a high heat transfer efficiency while maintaining only a slight temperature increase. In one embodiment, one gram of paraffin composite material with a phase change temperature of 45°C can absorb nearly 200 joules of heat.

[0014] In one embodiment, a paraffin composite material is added with nano- or micro-materials with high thermal conductivity, and the paraffin composite material is injected into a structure formed by metal foam. Multiple thermally conductive fins are installed in the first container, or a combination of the above methods is used to increase the melting speed of the paraffin composite. In one embodiment, the first container comprises a polymer capsule shell immersed in a liquid and sealed in another thermally conductive container. The first container is thermally connected to the first condensing surface through a liquid, such as water, and the other thermally conductive container.

[0015] In one embodiment, when the first phase change material is melting, the solid-liquid interface is nearly linear from top to bottom. At this point, heat transfer in the first phase change material is primarily by conduction, supplemented by convection. In one embodiment, the outward heat transfer distance of the first phase change material is less than 1 centimeter, resulting in a nearly linear solid-liquid interface during phase change.

[0016] In one embodiment, the thermal management measures implemented by this system involve converting the heat generated by the thermally conductive casing of the battery pack 1 into a low-power heat flow through two-phase heat transfer. This heat is then evenly transferred from a large condensation surface to the first phase-change material, which is then uniformly heated through the first container until it reaches a phase-change state. This transfers the abnormal heat generated by the battery pack to the first phase-change material, where it is absorbed as latent heat, thereby cooling the battery pack 1. The heat transfer efficiency of this two-phase heat transfer method can exceed ten times that of metal, accelerating the melting of the first phase-change material and reducing the impact of volume expansion on the first container, thereby enhancing its protection.

[0017] In one embodiment, the second vapor chamber module 3 is substantially similar to the first vapor chamber module 2, except that the second vapor chamber's two-phase heat transfer function releases the first latent heat from the first phase change material, gradually moving it away from the battery pack 1. Furthermore, the second evaporation surface of the second vapor chamber module 3 is thermally connected to the first container, while the second condensation surface is thermally connected to the second container of the first phase change material module 8. In one embodiment, the second vapor chamber module 3 accelerates the solidification of the first phase change material, allowing the first phase change material to return to its initial state as quickly as possible.

[0018] In one embodiment, the second phase-change material module 8 is substantially similar to the first phase-change material module 6, except that the second phase-change material has a lower melting point than the first phase-change material, for example, 40°C. Furthermore, through the second container, the second phase-change material can absorb the second latent heat via two-phase heat transfer from the second vapor chamber. In one embodiment, the top layer of the second phase-change material begins to melt before the top layer of the first phase-change material has fully melted.

[0019] In one embodiment, the third vapor chamber module 4 is substantially similar to the second vapor chamber module 3 , except that the third vapor chamber's two-phase heat transfer function releases the second latent heat from the second phase change material, eliminating the threat of heating the battery pack 1 . Furthermore, the third evaporation surface of the third vapor chamber module 4 is thermally conductively connected to the second container.

[0020] In one embodiment, all four sides of the battery pack 1 are thermally connected to the first evaporation surface of the first vapor chamber module 2. The second vapor chamber module 3 is arranged parallel to the first vapor chamber module 2, forming a first gap 5 therebetween. The first phase change material module 6 is disposed within the first gap 5. The second phase change material module 8 is thermally connected to the second condensation surface of the second vapor chamber module 3.

[0021] In one embodiment, all four sides of the battery pack 1 are thermally connected to the first evaporation surface of the first vapor chamber module 2. The second vapor chamber module 3 is arranged parallel to the first vapor chamber module 2, forming a first gap 5 therebetween. The first phase change material module 6 is disposed within the first gap 5.

[0022] In one embodiment, the four sides of the battery pack 1 are thermally connected to the first evaporation surface of the first vapor chamber module 2. The first phase change material module 6 is thermally connected to the first condensation surface of the first vapor chamber module 2.

Claims

1. A battery pack thermal management system, comprising: a battery pack including a heat-conductive housing; A vapor chamber module comprising an evaporation surface and a condensation surface, wherein the evaporation surface is thermally connected to a corresponding area of ​​the heat-conductive housing, wherein two-phase heat transfer can be performed in one direction between the evaporation surface and the condensation surface, from the evaporation surface to the condensation surface; a phase change material module, comprising a container and a phase change material, wherein the container is thermally connected to the condensation surface and accommodates the phase change material, wherein the phase change material includes latent heat when a phase change occurs; The heat transfer direction is parallel to the ground; wherein the phase change material can be heated by the two-phase flow heat transfer; Among them, when the phase change material is melting, heat transfer is mainly conducted and supplemented by convection.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein: The temperature averaging plate module includes a temperature averaging plate and a supporting plate, and the temperature averaging plate and the supporting plate are thermally connected.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein: The phase change material includes nanometer or micrometer thermal conductive material.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein: The phase change material includes metal foam.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein: The container includes a heat conducting fin.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein: The container includes a metal shell.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein: The container includes a polymer capsule shell.

8. A battery pack thermal management system comprising: a battery pack; a first vapor chamber module, comprising a first evaporation surface and a first condensation surface, wherein the first evaporation surface is thermally connected to the battery pack, wherein a first two-phase flow heat transfer can be performed in one direction from the first evaporation surface to the first condensation surface between the first evaporation surface and the first condensation surface; a second vapor chamber module, comprising a second evaporation surface and a second condensation surface, and arranged parallel to the first vapor chamber module to form a gap therebetween, wherein a second two-phase flow heat transfer can be performed in one direction from the second evaporation surface to the second condensation surface; a phase change material module disposed in the gap, comprising a container and a phase change material, wherein the container is thermally connected to the first condensation surface and the second evaporation surface, respectively, and accommodates the phase change material, wherein the phase change material includes latent heat during phase change; The phase change material can absorb the latent heat through the first two-phase heat transfer and release the latent heat outward through the second two-phase heat transfer.

9. A battery pack thermal management system comprising: a battery pack; a first vapor chamber module, comprising a first evaporation surface and a first condensation surface, wherein the first evaporation surface is thermally connected to the battery pack, wherein a first two-phase flow heat transfer can be performed in one direction from the first evaporation surface to the first condensation surface between the first evaporation surface and the first condensation surface; a second vapor chamber module, comprising a second evaporation surface and a second condensation surface, and arranged parallel to the first vapor chamber module to form a gap therebetween, wherein a second two-phase flow heat transfer can be performed in one direction from the second evaporation surface to the second condensation surface; a first phase change material module disposed in the gap, comprising a first container and a first phase change material, wherein the first container is thermally connected to the first condensation surface and the second evaporation surface, respectively, and contains the first phase change material, wherein the first phase change material includes a first latent heat when undergoing a first phase change; a second phase change material module, comprising a second container and a second phase change material, wherein the second container is thermally connected to the second condensation surface and accommodates the second phase change material, wherein the second phase change material includes a second latent heat when undergoing a second phase change; Wherein, a first melting point of the first phase change material is higher than a second melting point of the second phase change material.

10. A battery pack thermal management system comprising: a battery pack; a first vapor chamber module, comprising a first evaporation surface and a first condensation surface, wherein the first evaporation surface is thermally connected to the battery pack, wherein a first two-phase flow heat transfer can be performed in one direction from the first evaporation surface to the first condensation surface between the first evaporation surface and the first condensation surface; a second vapor chamber module, comprising a second evaporation surface and a second condensation surface, and disposed parallel to the first vapor chamber module to form a first gap, wherein a second two-phase flow heat transfer can be performed in one direction from the second evaporation surface to the second condensation surface between the second evaporation surface and the second condensation surface; a third vapor chamber module, comprising a third evaporation surface and a third condensation surface, and arranged parallel to the second vapor chamber module to form a second gap, wherein a third two-phase flow heat transfer can be performed in one direction from the third evaporation surface to the third condensation surface between the third evaporation surface and the third condensation surface; a first phase change material module disposed in the first gap, comprising a first container and a first phase change material, wherein the first container is thermally connected to the first condensation surface and the second evaporation surface, respectively, and contains the first phase change material, wherein the first phase change material includes a first latent heat when undergoing a first phase change; a second phase change material module disposed in the second gap, comprising a second container and a second phase change material, wherein the second container is thermally connected to the second condensing surface and the third evaporating surface, respectively, and contains the second phase change material, wherein the second phase change material includes a second latent heat when undergoing a second phase change; Wherein, a first melting point of the first phase change material is higher than a second melting point of the second phase change material.

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