Small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbages

Abstract

The invention discloses a small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbages, and relates to the technical field of Chinese cabbage harvesting.The small agricultural machine comprises a driving base capable of being driven in a remote control mode, a harvesting mechanism is fixedly installed at the front end of the driving base and comprises a front chopping board, and a separation assembly is fixedly installed behind the top of the driving base and is obliquely arranged; after Chinese cabbages enter the clamping groove, the rotating extrusion roller assembly can apply pressure and friction force to Chinese cabbages passing through the lower portion of the extrusion roller assembly, and therefore the purposes of extrusion harvesting and backward transportation of the Chinese cabbages are achieved. The extrusion roller is driven by the extrusion motor installed on the side edge of the front chopping board to rotate, and meanwhile, the surface of the extrusion roller is provided with anti-skid teeth, so that the friction between the extrusion roller and Chinese cabbages during operation is increased, and it is ensured that the extrusion roller can make full contact with the Chinese cabbages without slipping; the postures of the Chinese cabbages are ensured through the arranged arc-shaped grooves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cabbage harvesting, in particular to a small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage. Background Art

[0002] The cabbage harvester is a highly efficient agricultural machine. It is mainly composed of a machine body, a cutting device, a conveying device and a collecting device. The machine body is usually equipped with a movable chassis, which is convenient for flexible driving in the field. The cutting device is located at the front end of the machine body, which can quickly and accurately cut the roots of the cabbage and separate the cabbage from the ground. The conveying device is generally an inclined upward conveyor belt, which can smoothly convey the cut cabbage to the collecting device. The collecting device is located at the rear of the machine body and is used to collect the cabbage for subsequent processing. The emergence of cabbage harvesters has greatly improved the efficiency of cabbage harvesting, reduced the intensity of manual labor, and brought great convenience to agricultural production.

[0003] However, the current cabbage harvester still needs to manually remove the outer leaves of the cabbage. In the case of large-scale cabbage planting, it takes a lot of time to complete the work of removing the leaves. Therefore, in view of the above phenomenon, a small agricultural machine for harvesting cabbage is proposed to meet the needs of actual use. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage, which solves the technical problems in the background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage, comprising a driving base that can be driven by remote control, a harvesting mechanism fixedly installed at the front end of the driving base, the harvesting mechanism comprising a front vegetable board, the front vegetable board fixedly installed at the front end of the driving base, a squeezing assembly movably installed inside the front vegetable board, an inclined plate fixedly installed inside the front vegetable board, a card slot matching Chinese cabbage is opened on the side of the inclined plate, a mounting front plate fixedly installed at the front end of the driving base, a cutting mechanism fixedly installed on the mounting front plate, a knife of the cutting mechanism is located in the card slot, a diagonal support plate fixedly installed on the top of the driving base, a V-shaped conveyor belt fixedly installed on the top of the diagonal support plate, a separation assembly fixedly installed at the rear of the top of the driving base, and the separation assembly is placed obliquely;

[0006] The separation assembly includes two symmetrically arranged movable cross frames and support rods respectively located on both sides of the movable cross frames, a second slide groove is opened on the surface of the support rod, the left and right sides of the movable cross frame are movably connected to the support rod by bolts, and a movable roller is rotatably installed on the top of the movable cross frame, and the rotation direction of the movable roller is opposite to the direction in which the cabbage on the movable roller slides down.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom end of the support rod on one side is movably connected to the side of the diagonal support plate, the support rod also includes a fixed seat, the fixed seat is fixedly installed on the top of the driving base, the side of the fixed seat is provided with a first slide groove, the fixed seat and the bottom end of the support rod on the other side are movably connected by bolts, the side of the movable cross frame is fixedly installed with a driving motor, the output end of the driving motor is connected to the movable roller through a synchronous belt, a connecting rod is rotatably installed between the two movable cross frames, the synchronous belt is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod, the side of the support rod is provided with a second slide groove, and a movable end of the movable cross frame is movably connected to the second slide groove.

[0008] Preferably, the cutting mechanism includes a cutting motor, a mounting box and a cutter, the mounting box is inlaid on the mounting front plate, the cutting motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting box, the cutter includes a cutting head and cutting teeth, the cutting teeth are movably mounted on the surface of the cutting head, the cutting head is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting box, and the output end of the cutting motor is transmission-connected to the cutting teeth via a reduction gear set.

[0009] Preferably, the extrusion assembly includes an extrusion roller assembly and a mounting baffle, the mounting baffle is movably mounted at both ends of the extrusion roller assembly, the mounting baffle is fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the appetizer board, the extrusion roller assembly includes an extrusion motor, the output end of the extrusion motor is fixedly sleeved with a mounting rod, the surface of the mounting rod is fixedly sleeved with an extrusion roller, the middle part of the extrusion roller is integrally formed with an arc groove, and the surface of the extrusion roller is provided with anti-slip teeth.

[0010] Preferably, a sliding block is fixedly mounted on one side of the extrusion motor, a sliding groove is provided in the middle of the mounting baffle, the sliding block is movably mounted in the sliding groove, and a spring is fixedly connected between the sliding block and the sliding groove.

[0011] Compared with the related art, the small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The present invention provides a small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage. After the cabbage enters the card slot, the rotating squeezing roller assembly can apply pressure and friction to the cabbage passing below it, thereby achieving the purpose of squeezing and harvesting the Chinese cabbage and transporting it backward. The squeezing roller is driven to rotate by a squeezing motor installed on the side of the front vegetable plate. At the same time, the surface of the squeezing roller is provided with anti-skid teeth to increase the friction between the squeezing roller and the Chinese cabbage when the squeezing roller is running, ensuring that the squeezing roller can fully contact the Chinese cabbage without slipping, and the posture of the Chinese cabbage is ensured by the provided arc groove.

[0013] The present invention provides a small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage. After the mature Chinese cabbage is harvested by a harvesting mechanism, the Chinese cabbage is lifted by a V-shaped conveyor belt and enters the top of an inclined separation component. The separation component slides downward due to gravity, and a movable roller rotates in the opposite direction to slow down the sliding speed of the separation component, so that the relative movement of the movable roller and the Chinese cabbage generates a great friction force, tearing the cabbage leaves from the connecting parts such as the stem or the veins, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the main body of the Chinese cabbage from the external leaves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the separation component of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the separation component structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the appetizer board of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the extrusion roller assembly of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the extrusion roller assembly and the mounting baffle of the present invention.

[0021] Numbers in the figure: 1. driving base; 2. appetizer board; 3. extrusion assembly; 4. card slot; 5. cutting mechanism; 6. diagonal support plate; 7. V-shaped conveyor belt; 8. separation assembly; 9. installation front plate; 81. movable cross frame; 82. support rod; 83. movable roller; 84. driving motor; 85. synchronous belt; 86. fixed seat; 87. first slide groove; 88. second slide groove; 21. inclined plate; 22. side groove; 31. extrusion roller assembly; 32. installation baffle; 33. spring; 321. sliding groove; 51. cutting motor; 52. installation box; 53. cutting head; 54. cutting teeth; 311. sliding block; 312. extrusion motor; 313. installation rod; 314. extrusion roller; 315. arc groove; 316. anti-skid teeth; 317. motor bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Example, by Figure 1-7The present invention comprises a remotely controlled driving base 1, a harvesting mechanism is fixedly installed at the front end of the driving base 1, and the harvesting mechanism comprises a front vegetable board 2, the front vegetable board 2 is fixedly installed at the front end of the driving base 1, an extrusion assembly 3 is movably installed inside the front vegetable board 2, an inclined plate 21 is fixedly installed inside the front vegetable board 2, and a card slot 4 matching with Chinese cabbage is provided on the side of the inclined plate 21, a mounting front plate 9 is fixedly installed at the front end of the driving base 1, a cutting mechanism 5 is fixedly installed on the mounting front plate 9, and a tool of the cutting mechanism 5 is located in the card slot 4, a diagonal support plate 6 is fixedly installed on the top of the driving base 1, a V-shaped conveyor belt 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the diagonal support plate 6, a separation assembly 8 is fixedly installed at the rear of the top of the driving base 1, and the separation assembly 8 is placed obliquely;

[0023] The separation assembly 8 includes two symmetrically arranged movable cross frames 81 and support rods 82 respectively located on both sides of the movable cross frames 81. A second slide groove 88 is provided on the surface of the support rods 82. The left and right sides of the movable cross frames 81 are movably connected to the support rods 82 by bolts. A movable roller 83 is rotatably installed on the top of the movable cross frame 81. The rotation direction of the movable roller 83 is opposite to the direction in which the cabbage on the movable roller 83 slides down.

[0024] In this embodiment, after the mature Chinese cabbage is harvested by the harvesting mechanism, the Chinese cabbage is lifted by the V-shaped conveyor belt 7 and enters the top of the inclined separation component 8. The separation component 8 will slide downward due to gravity, and the movable roller 83 will rotate in the opposite direction to slow down the sliding speed of the separation component 8, so that the relative movement of the movable roller 83 and the Chinese cabbage will generate a huge friction force, tearing the leaves from the connecting parts such as the stem or veins, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the main body of the Chinese cabbage from the outer leaves.

[0025] The separation assembly 8 is equipped with an advanced control system. This system can monitor and control parameters such as the rotation speed of the movable roller 83, the reversal time, and the speed of the conveyor belt. Through the touch screen, the operator can easily set and adjust these parameters to adapt to different environments, working conditions, and separation requirements. The separation assembly 8 is equipped with an emergency stop button. The emergency stop button can quickly cut off the power supply in an emergency to prevent the entry of foreign matter and the jamming of the movable roller 83, which may cause the mechanism to fail.

[0026] The bottom end of the support rod 82 on one side is movably connected to the side of the diagonal support plate 6. The support rod 82 also includes a fixed seat 86, which is fixedly installed on the top of the driving base 1. A first slide groove 87 is provided on the side of the fixed seat 86. The fixed seat 86 is movably connected to the bottom end of the support rod 82 on the other side through bolts. A driving motor 84 is fixedly installed on the side of the movable cross frame 81. The output end of the driving motor 84 is transmission-connected to the movable roller 83 through a synchronous belt 85. A connecting rod is rotatably installed between the two movable cross frames 81. The synchronous belt 85 is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod. A second slide groove 88 is provided on the side of the support rod 82, and a movable end of the movable cross frame 81 is movably connected to the second slide groove 88.

[0027] In this embodiment, the bottom end of the support rod 82 is rotatable, and one movable end of the movable cross frame 81 can move in the second slide groove 88. By setting the movable cross frame 81, the spacing between the movable rollers 83 can be adjusted, and the synchronous belt 85 can ensure that the rotation of the movable roller 83 is not affected after the spacing is adjusted.

[0028] The cutting mechanism 5 includes a cutting motor 51, a mounting box 52 and a cutter. The mounting box 52 is embedded in the mounting front plate 9. The cutting motor 51 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting box 52. The cutter includes a cutting head 53 and cutting teeth 54. The cutting teeth 54 are movably mounted on the surface of the cutting head 53. The cutting head 53 is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting box 52. The output end of the cutting motor 51 is transmission-connected to the cutting teeth 54 via a reduction gear set.

[0029] In this embodiment, the output end of the cutting motor 51 drives the cutting teeth 54 to rotate through the reduction gear set, so that the Chinese cabbage can be cut from the root. In order to ensure the safety of the user, the cutting mechanism 5 is equipped with an emergency stop switch. The cutter passes through the side groove 22 to cut the root of the Chinese cabbage entering the card slot 4.

[0030] The extrusion assembly 3 includes an extrusion roller assembly 31 and a mounting baffle 32. The mounting baffle 32 is movably mounted at both ends of the extrusion roller assembly 31. The mounting baffle 32 is fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the appetizer board 2. The extrusion roller assembly 31 includes an extrusion motor 312. The output end of the extrusion motor 312 is fixedly sleeved with a mounting rod 313. The surface of the mounting rod 313 is fixedly sleeved with an extrusion roller 314. The middle part of the extrusion roller 314 is integrally formed with an arc groove 315. The surface of the extrusion roller 314 is provided with anti-slip teeth 316.

[0031] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the Chinese cabbage enters the V-shaped conveyor belt 7 smoothly after being cut, after the cabbage enters the slot 4, the rotating squeezing roller assembly 31 can apply pressure and friction to the cabbage passing below it, thereby achieving the purpose of squeezing and harvesting the Chinese cabbage and transporting it backward. The squeezing roller 314 is driven to rotate by the squeezing motor 312 installed on the side of the front vegetable board 2, and at the same time, the surface of the squeezing roller 314 is provided with anti-skid teeth 316 to increase the friction between the squeezing roller 314 and the Chinese cabbage during operation, ensuring that the squeezing roller 314 can fully contact the Chinese cabbage without slipping, and the posture of the Chinese cabbage is ensured by the provided arc groove 315.

[0032] A sliding block 311 is fixedly mounted on one side of the extrusion motor 312, a sliding groove 321 is provided in the middle of the mounting baffle 32, the sliding block 311 is movably mounted in the sliding groove 321, and a spring 33 is fixedly connected between the sliding block 311 and the sliding groove 321. A motor bracket 317 is fixedly mounted on one side of the extrusion motor 312, a pulley is fixedly mounted on the side of the motor bracket 317, and the pulley fits the side of the sliding groove 321 to support the weight of the extrusion motor 312 and reduce friction resistance by sliding.

[0033] In this embodiment, the spring 33 is provided to allow the squeezing roller assembly 31 to adapt to Chinese cabbages of different sizes, and to allow the squeezing roller 314 to fully contact the top of the crop, thereby avoiding the problem that some Chinese cabbages are too small and do not contact the squeezing roller 314. In addition, due to this spring, the small agricultural machine can set the squeezing roller 314 as an adaptive pressure head, greatly improving the harvesting capacity of the front vegetable board 2.

[0034] By adjusting the rotation speed of the squeezing roller 314 and the setting of the clamping slot 4, the force applied to the Chinese cabbage during the squeezing process can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving precise control of the movement form and movement trajectory of the Chinese cabbage during the harvesting process.

[0035] It also includes a remote control and a signal receiver, which is installed in the small agricultural machinery. The working principle of the remote control transmitting signals to the signal receiver is based on radio wave transmission. There is a micro transmitter inside the remote control, and when the button is pressed, the transmitter generates radio wave signals of a specific frequency. These signals are transmitted through the air and captured by the signal receiver. There is an antenna and a signal processor inside the signal receiver. The antenna receives the radio waves from the remote control, and the signal processor decodes these signals and converts them into electrical signals. These electrical signals are then transmitted to the control circuit of the receiver, triggering corresponding actions, such as starting or shutting down the cutting mechanism 5, the diagonal support plate 6, the separation component 8, and the movement of the drive base 1.

[0036] In this small agricultural machine, a photoelectric sensor can be installed on the top of the inner cavity of the front vegetable board 2 to detect the position of the Chinese cabbage. The photoelectric sensor is used to detect whether the Chinese cabbage enters the card slot 4 on the front side during the forward movement of the harvester. If the light beam emitted by the transmitter is blocked by the Chinese cabbage entering, that is, the receiver does not receive the signal, it sends a signal to the various mechanisms at the rear to start running, ensuring that the harvester can work energy-saving, efficiently and stably. The non-contact design avoids mechanical wear and pollution, and improves the service life and reliability of the sensor. At the same time, the photoelectric sensor also has the advantages of fast response speed and high precision, providing strong support for the intelligence and automation of the harvester.

[0037] Working principle: After the cabbage enters the slot 4, the rotating squeezing roller assembly 31 can apply pressure and friction to the cabbage passing below it, thereby achieving the purpose of squeezing and harvesting the cabbage and transporting it backward. The squeezing roller 314 is driven to rotate by the squeezing motor 312 installed on the side of the front vegetable board 2. At the same time, the surface of the squeezing roller 314 is provided with anti-skid teeth 316 to increase the friction between the squeezing roller 314 and the cabbage during operation, ensuring that the squeezing roller 314 can fully contact the cabbage without slipping, and the posture of the cabbage is guaranteed by the arc groove 315. After the mature Chinese cabbage is harvested by the harvesting mechanism, the Chinese cabbage is lifted by the V-shaped conveyor belt 7 and enters the top of the inclined separation component 8. The separation component 8 will slide downward due to gravity, and the movable roller 83 will rotate in the opposite direction to slow down the sliding speed of the separation component 8, so that the relative movement of the movable roller 83 and the Chinese cabbage will generate a huge friction force, tearing the leaves from the connecting parts such as the stem or veins, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the main body of the Chinese cabbage from the outer leaves.

Claims

1. A small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage, comprising a remotely controlled driving base (1), characterized in that: The front end of the driving base (1) is fixedly mounted with a harvesting mechanism, the harvesting mechanism comprising a front vegetable board (2), the front vegetable board (2) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the driving base (1), a squeezing assembly (3) is movably mounted inside the front vegetable board (2), an inclined plate (21) is fixedly mounted inside the front vegetable board (2), a slot (4) matching the Chinese cabbage is provided on the side of the inclined plate (21), a mounting front plate (9) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the driving base (1), a cutting mechanism (5) is fixedly mounted on the mounting front plate (9), a knife of the cutting mechanism (5) is located in the slot (4), a diagonal support plate (6) is fixedly mounted on the top of the driving base (1), a V-shaped conveyor belt (7) is fixedly mounted on the top of the diagonal support plate (6), a separation assembly (8) is fixedly mounted at the rear of the top of the driving base (1), and the separation assembly (8) is placed at an angle; The separation assembly (8) comprises two symmetrically arranged movable cross frames (81) and support rods (82) respectively located on both sides of the movable cross frames (81); a second slide groove (88) is provided on the surface of the support rods (82); the left and right sides of the movable cross frames (81) are movably connected to the support rods (82) by bolts; a movable roller (83) is rotatably mounted on the top of the movable cross frames (81); the rotation direction of the movable roller (83) is opposite to the direction in which the Chinese cabbage on the movable roller (83) slides down.

2. The small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the support rod (82) on one side is movably connected to the side of the diagonal support plate (6), and the support rod (82) also includes a fixed seat (86), which is fixedly installed on the top of the driving base (1), and a first slide groove (87) is provided on the side of the fixed seat (86). The fixed seat (86) is movably connected to the bottom end of the support rod (82) on the other side by a bolt, and a driving motor (84) is fixedly installed on the side of the movable cross frame (81), and the output end of the driving motor (84) is connected to the movable roller (83) through a synchronous belt (85). A connecting rod is rotatably installed between the two movable cross frames (81), and the synchronous belt (85) is rotatably sleeved on the connecting rod. A second slide groove (88) is provided on the side of the support rod (82), and a movable end of the movable cross frame (81) is movably connected to the second slide groove (88).

3. The small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism (5) comprises a cutting motor (51), a mounting box (52) and a cutter. The mounting box (52) is mounted on a mounting front plate (9). The cutting motor (51) is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting box (52). The cutter comprises a cutting head (53) and cutting teeth (54). The cutting teeth (54) are movably mounted on the surface of the cutting head (53). The cutting head (53) is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting box (52). The output end of the cutting motor (51) is connected to the cutting teeth (54) through a reduction gear set.

4. The small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion assembly (3) comprises an extrusion roller assembly (31) and a mounting baffle (32), wherein the mounting baffle (32) is movably mounted on both ends of the extrusion roller assembly (31), and the mounting baffle (32) is fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the appetizer board (2). The extrusion roller assembly (31) comprises an extrusion motor (312), an output end of the extrusion motor (312) is fixedly sleeved with a mounting rod (313), a surface of the mounting rod (313) is fixedly sleeved with an extrusion roller (314), an arc groove (315) is integrally formed in the middle of the extrusion roller (314), and an anti-slip tooth (316) is provided on the surface of the extrusion roller (314).

5. The small agricultural machine for harvesting Chinese cabbage according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sliding block (311) is fixedly mounted on one side of the extrusion motor (312), a sliding groove (321) is provided in the middle of the mounting baffle (32), the sliding block (311) is movably mounted in the sliding groove (321), and a spring (33) is fixedly connected between the sliding block (311) and the sliding groove (321).

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