Light formula for efficiently inducing cubilose fruits to flower out of season and application of light formula

Abstract

The invention provides a light formula for efficiently inducing cubilose fruits to flower in an out-of-season mode and application of the light formula, the light formula comprises light with the wavelength of 620 nm and light with the wavelength of 565 nm, and the light intensity ratio of light with the wavelength of 620 nm to light with the wavelength of 565 nm is (3-5): 1. The light formula for efficiently inducing the cubilose fruit out-of-season flowering comprises the LED mixed light source with the specific wavelength and the specific proportion, the cubilose fruit out-of-season flowering can be induced by using the LED light source of the light formula to irradiate the cubilose fruit, the flowering number can be remarkably increased, and therefore the yield of a single plant is greatly increased, and the yield of the cubilose fruit is increased. The economic benefit of cubilose fruit planting is greatly increased, and development of the cubilose fruit planting industry is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular relates to a light formula for efficiently inducing off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Dragon fruit originated in tropical regions of Central and South America. In recent years, due to its good planting benefits, it has rapidly grown in my country, with a planting area of ​​more than 1 million mu and an upward trend.

[0003] Pitaya is a long-day plant. In the northern hemisphere, its flowering period is concentrated from early May to mid-to-late October. Flowering is affected by factors such as branch age, temperature, light, and growth regulators. The production period of pitaya in China is concentrated from June to November, when the fruit is put on the market in large quantities, which affects economic benefits. If the production period of pitaya can be regulated to achieve off-season flowering, fresh fruit can be put on the market from late December to March of the following year, which is the off-season for fresh fruit, and the market prospects are broad.

[0004] LED light sources have been used to adjust the flowering and production periods of fruits and vegetables, increase yields, improve quality, and prevent and control pests and diseases due to their low energy consumption, high efficiency, anti-aging, and low heat consumption. As one of the high-value fruit trees that is growing rapidly in tropical and subtropical regions of my country, pitaya has been cultivated off-season using LED lighting technology in recent years. The price of off-season fruit is 5-10 times that of seasonal fruit, and the economic benefits are considerable.

[0005] The yellow-skinned and white-fleshed pitaya (commonly known as bird's nest fruit) is native to tropical rainforests in Central America, such as Ecuador. It is a perennial fruit tree of the genus Pitaya in the Cactaceae family. Because its skin is golden yellow, it tastes silky and sweet, and its flesh is soft and smooth, and its taste is similar to that of bird's nest, it is called bird's nest fruit. Due to its good quality and off-season bird's nest fruit, the price per catty is as high as 60-100 yuan. In recent years, with the expansion of the planting area, the price has remained at 30-40 yuan per catty. Driven by the higher economic benefits, more growers have entered the market. At present, the cultivation of bird's nest fruit in China is in its infancy, and the prospects are broad.

[0006] However, the existing LED lighting technology for pitaya still has problems such as lack of targeted light source, unstable lighting effect, low flowering rate, and severe energy consumption. In particular, bird's nest fruit and common pitaya are of the same genus but different species. Their flowering and fruiting characteristics are very different from those of ordinary pitaya. The lack of LED light formula specifically for bird's nest fruit has resulted in uneven application effects of LED lighting technology in the industry, which has undermined the confidence of growers to a certain extent.

[0007] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN110352732B discloses an LED spectrum formula for promoting flowering, increasing yield and improving quality of pitaya, as well as its device and application. The radiation power of each band accounts for 1%-2% of 380nm-410nm, 20-28% of 411nm-500nm, 20%-28% of 501nm-600nm, 35%-50% of 601nm-700nm, and 6%-13% of 701nm-780nm. This spectrum formula can delay the harvesting of pitaya in autumn, but due to the differences in growth characteristics between bird's nest fruit and ordinary pitaya, the spectrum formula has no obvious effect on the off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit.

[0008] A Chinese invention patent with publication number CN108207381A discloses a light supplement system for growing pitaya and the plant growth lamp it uses. By using a combination of red and blue light and the optimal light supplement height, the production period and yield of pitaya can be advanced and the fruit quality can be improved. However, it is also impossible to achieve off-season flowering, and the effect of improving the economic value of pitaya is low.

[0009] Therefore, developing an LED light formula that can efficiently induce flowering of yellow-skinned and white-fleshed pitaya (commonly known as bird's nest fruit) is particularly important for the healthy development of the industry. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a light formula and application thereof for efficiently inducing off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit, so as to achieve seasonal flowering by supplementing light for bird's nest fruit, increase yield and improve economic benefits.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0012] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a light formula for efficiently inducing off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit, the light formula comprising light with wavelengths of 620nm and 565nm, the light intensity ratio of the two single wavelength lights of 620nm and 565nm is 3-5:1, for example, it can be 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, 4.5:1, 5:1.

[0013] Furthermore, the light formula has a photosynthetic flux density of 20-50 umol.m -2 .s -1 , for example, it can be 20umol.m -2 .s -1 、25umol.m -2 .s -1 、30umol.m -2 .s -1 、35umol.m -2 .s -1 、40umol.m -2 .s-1 、45umol.m -2 .s -1 、50umol.m -2 .s -1 .

[0014] Furthermore, the exposure time of the light formula is 3-5 hours every night, for example, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 4 hours, 4.5 hours, 5 hours; preferably, the light formula is only used in the evening.

[0015] Furthermore, the light intensity ratio of 620nm and 565nm light is 3.5-4.5:1, for example, it can be 3.5:1, 3.6:1, 3.7:1, 3.8:1, 3.9:1, 4:1, 4.1:1, 4.2:1, 4.3:1, 4.4:1, 4.5:1; preferably, it is 3.8-4.2:1; and more preferably, it is 3.9-4.1:1.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides the use of the light formula as described above in the cultivation of bird's nest fruit.

[0017] Furthermore, the application is to induce the bird's nest fruit to bloom out of season.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for efficiently inducing off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit, the method comprising the following steps: using a mixed light source to irradiate the bird's nest fruit, the light emitted by the mixed light source includes light with wavelengths of 620nm and 565nm, and the light intensity ratio of the two single wavelengths of 620nm and 565nm is 3-5:1, for example, it can be 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, 4.5:1, 5:1.

[0019] Furthermore, the photosynthetic flux density of the light emitted by the mixed light source is 20-50umol.m -2 .s -1 , for example, it can be 20umol.m -2 .s -1 、25umol.m -2 .s -1 、30umol.m -2 .s -1 、35umol.m -2 .s -1 、40umol.m -2 .s -1 、45umol.m -2 .s -1 、50umol.m -2 .s -1 .

[0020] Furthermore, the irradiation time of the mixed light source every night is 3-5 hours, for example, it can be 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 4 hours, 4.5 hours, or 5 hours.

[0021] Furthermore, the light intensity ratio of red light (620nm light) to green light (565nm light) is 3.5-4.5:1, for example, it can be 3.5:1, 3.6:1, 3.7:1, 3.8:1, 3.9:1, 4:1, 4.1:1, 4.2:1, 4.3:1, 4.4:1, 4.5:1; preferably, it is 3.8-4.2:1; and more preferably, it is 3.9-4.1:1.

[0022] Preferably, the mixed light source is an LED lamp.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the light formula for efficiently inducing off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit and its application described in the present invention have the following advantages:

[0024] The light formula for efficiently inducing off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit described in the present invention includes red and green mixed light of specific proportions and specific wavelengths, and does not contain light sources of other bands. Using the mixed light to irradiate bird's nest fruit can specifically induce off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit, and can significantly increase the number of flowers, thereby greatly increasing the yield per plant, greatly increasing the economic benefits of planting bird's nest fruit, and promoting the development of the bird's nest fruit planting industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the results of inducing bird's nest fruit to flower using light quality, LED lamp power and supplementary light time according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the results of inducing bird's nest fruit to flower in a single wavelength experimental example of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the results of inducing bird's nest fruit to flower in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0031] In each experimental example and embodiment of the present invention, yellow-skinned white-fleshed dragon fruit, commonly known as "bird's nest fruit", is used as the material, and the experimental location is the Fruit Tree Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the dragon fruit planting base in Lapu Village, Xiaolou Town, Zengcheng District, Guangzhou. Each experimental example or embodiment is equipped with 10 LED lamps, with a lamp distance of 1.5 meters, and repeated three times.

[0032] LED lamp power and fill light time experiment

[0033] Using fluorescent powder to make LED lights with different light qualities as light sources, including pink light, yellow light and green light, the bird's nest fruit was illuminated with different powers and different lighting times. 30 lights of each type were used, 10 in a group, and repeated 3 times to explore the effects of different light qualities, light intensity and lighting time on the number of off-season flowers. The results are as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0034] from Figure 1 It can be seen that in each lighting period, the lighting treatment effect is best in the evening, and the lighting in the early morning hardly induces flowering. In the same lighting period, the lighting effect of 3 hours is better than that of 2 hours. Under the same light intensity, different light qualities have different effects on off-season flowering induction. Among them, green light has the best effect, followed by yellow light, and finally pink light. For the same light quality, when the LED light power is 15W, the effect of promoting off-season flowering is the best.

[0035] Single wavelength induction experiment

[0036] 10 single-wavelength and two full-spectrum LED lamps were customized as the light sources for single-wavelength experiments 1-12. The wavelengths of light emitted by the LED lamps used in single-wavelength experiments 1-12 were 4000k white light (similar to the solar spectrum), 4000K white light (ordinary), 730nm, 660nm, 625nm, 620nm, 605nm, 590nm, 565nm, 530nm, 520nm, and 450nm. 30 lamps of each type were used, 10 in a group, and repeated 3 times. The power of the LED lamp was 15w, and the bird's nest fruit was illuminated with supplementary light. The photosynthetic flux density PPFD of the shelf surface was 30umol.m -2 .s -1 , supplement light for 4 hours every night (18:15-22:15). The control group was treated with no supplement light to explore the effect of different light qualities on the number of flowers in the off-season. The results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0037] Table 1 Number of flowers induced by different single-wavelength LED supplementary lights

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] From Table 1, we can see that different light qualities have different effects on the off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit. Among them, 620nm has the best effect, followed by 660nm and 4000k, 730nm has poor effect, 625nm, 605nm and 590nm have poor effect, and 520nm and 450nm have no buds. It can be seen that different single-wavelength LED light sources have different effects on the off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit.

[0041] from Figure 2 It can be seen that the four single-wavelength LED light sources of 605nm, 620nm, 625nm, 660nm and 730nm do not show a trend of better flowering induction effect as the wavelength increases, but the 620nm effect is the best, followed by the 660nm effect. The 625nm LED light source, which is only 5nm different from 620nm, has a very poor effect on inducing flowering, and is significantly lower than 620nm. This shows that the effect of LED single-wavelength light source on the flowering induction of bird's nest fruit has a specific wavelength dependence.

[0042] Hybrid light-induced experiments

[0043] Based on the results of the single wavelength induction experiment, a mixed light induction experiment was conducted. The LED lamp power used in the mixed light experiment example 1-9 was 15w, and the photosynthetic flux density PPFD on the shelf was 30umol.m -2 .s -1 , supplement light for 4 hours every night (18:15-22:15). 30 lamps of each type, 10 in a group, repeated 3 times, 4000k white light (ordinary) as the control group, explore the effect of different mixed light on the number of off-season flowers, mixed light experiment examples 1-9 light wave combinations and induced flower numbers are shown in Table 2.

[0044] Table 2 Response of different LED light formulas to the number of bird's nest fruit flowers

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] As can be seen from Table 2, mixed light experiments 1-3 are different proportions of FR and R. As the FR ratio increases, the number of induced flowers shows a decreasing trend; and it can also be seen from mixed light experiment 6 that when a certain proportion of FR is added to 4000k, the number of flowers decreases instead. This shows that FR does not work on inducing flowering of bird's nest fruit. The experiment on the ratio of red and blue light (660nm, 450nm) found that a high proportion of blue light is not conducive to the induction of flowering of bird's nest fruit. The addition of 565nm and 660nm to 4000k white light has a significant effect on promoting flowering, especially the effect of 565nm is more prominent.

[0048] The results of the comprehensive single-wavelength induction experiment and the mixed light induction experiment proved that 565nm and 620nm are the key peak wavelengths for inducing flowering of bird's nest fruit, which play an important role in inducing off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] This embodiment uses an LED light source with a light formula of 565nm:620nm=1:3 to irradiate the bird's nest fruit. The power of the LED light is 15w, 10 are in a group, and repeated 3 times. The photosynthetic flux density PPFD of the frame surface is 30umol.m -2 .s -1 , supplement light for 4 hours every night (18:15-22:15).

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that in Example 2, an LED light source with a light formula of 565nm:620nm=1:5 is used to irradiate and supplement light to the bird's nest fruit.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that in Example 3, an LED light source with a light formula of 565nm:620nm=1:4 is used to irradiate and supplement light to the bird's nest fruit.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 1, an LED light source with a light formula of 565nm:4000K white light=1:5 is used to irradiate and supplement light for the bird's nest fruit.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 2, an LED light source with a light formula of 565nm:620nm=1:1 is used to irradiate and supplement light to the bird's nest fruit.

[0059] Comparative Example 3

[0060] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 3, an LED light source with a light formula of 565nm:620nm=1:10 is used to irradiate and supplement light for the bird's nest fruit.

[0061] Comparative Example 4

[0062] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 4, 4000K white light (normal) is used to irradiate and supplement the bird's nest fruit.

[0063] The results of inducing the number of bird's nest fruit flowers in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are shown in Table 3 and Figure 3The results of bird's nest fruit yield are shown in Table 4.

[0064] Table 3 Response of different LED light formulas to the number of bird's nest fruit flowers

[0065] serial number Light formula Number of flower buds Example 1 565nm:620nm=1:3 158±15.87 Example 2 565nm:620nm=1:5 164.3333±17.16 Example 3 565nm:620nm=1:4 171±14.12 Comparative Example 1 565nm:4000K white light=1:5 126.3333±14.84 Comparative Example 2 565nm:620nm=1:1 100±10.54 Comparative Example 3 565nm:620nm=1:10 100.6667±4.04 Comparative Example 4 4000K white light (normal) 88.67±9.87

[0066] Table 4 Effect of different LED light formulas on bird's nest fruit yield

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] From Table 3-4 and Figure 1 It can be seen that the number of flowers induced by the light formulas of inducing bird's nest fruit flowering of 565nm:620nm=1:3, 565nm:620nm=1:4 and 565nm:620nm=1:5 was significantly higher than that of other treatments, and the yield per mu was increased by 78.2%, 92.86% and 85.34% respectively compared with 4000k white light (ordinary). The light formula of the present invention consists of a spectrum with a specific wavelength and a specific proportion. Irradiating bird's nest fruit with an LED light source of the light formula can significantly increase the number of flowers, can induce off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit, and increase the yield of a single plant, thereby greatly increasing the economic benefits of planting bird's nest fruit and promoting the development of the bird's nest fruit planting industry.

[0070] The embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work shall all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light formula that efficiently induces off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit, characterized by: The light formula includes light with wavelengths of 620nm and 565nm, and the light intensity ratio of 620nm to 565nm light is 3-5:

1.

2. The light recipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light formula has a photosynthetic flux density of 20-50umol.m -2 .s -1 .

3. The light recipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light formula has an irradiation time of 3-5 hours per night.

4. The light recipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light intensity ratio of 620nm and 565nm light is 3.5-4.5:

1.

5. Application of the light formula according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the cultivation of bird's nest fruit.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The application is to induce the bird's nest fruit to flower out of season.

7. A method for efficiently inducing off-season flowering of bird's nest fruit, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: using a mixed light source to illuminate the bird's nest fruit, wherein the light emitted by the mixed light source comprises light with wavelengths of 620nm and 565nm, and the light intensity ratio of the two single wavelengths of 620nm and 565nm is 3-5:

1.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photosynthetic flux density of the light emitted by the mixed light source is 20-50umol.m -2 .s -1 .

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixed light source has an irradiation time of 3-5 hours every night.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The light intensity ratio of 620nm and 565nm light is 3.5-4.5:1.

Images