Fish and rice symbiotic breeding system and breeding method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a fish and rice symbiotic breeding system and a breeding method thereof, and relates to the technical field of breeding, the fish and rice symbiotic breeding system comprises a rice field structure, a water quality adjusting system, a fish breeding system and a rice planting system.According to the fish and rice symbiotic breeding system and the breeding method thereof, rice planting and fish breeding are combined, water resources and land resources are fully utilized, and the breeding cost is reduced; the economic benefits and ecological benefits of agricultural production are improved; the water quality adjusting system can keep the water quality in the rice field stable, and a good environment is provided for growth of fishes and rice; the fish culture system and the rice planting system promote each other, excrement of fishes can provide nutrients for rice, and root systems of rice can provide inhabiting and foraging places for fishes; according to the planting and breeding method, the mode of combining ecological control and biological control is adopted, the usage amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide is reduced, and pollution of agricultural production to the environment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a fish-rice symbiotic aquaculture system and a cultivation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditionally, rice cultivation and fish farming are usually carried out separately, which has problems such as low resource utilization and environmental pollution. The fish-rice symbiotic farming model is an ecological agricultural model that combines rice cultivation and fish farming. It can make full use of water and land resources and improve the economic and ecological benefits of agricultural production. However, there are still some shortcomings in the existing fish-rice symbiotic farming system and breeding methods, such as unreasonable structure of the breeding system and unscientific breeding methods, which affect the effect of fish-rice symbiotic farming. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a fish-rice symbiotic farming system and a farming method thereof.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a fish-rice symbiotic breeding system and a breeding method thereof, including a rice field structure, a water quality regulation system, a fish breeding system and a rice planting system.

[0005] Preferably, the paddy field structure is configured as follows:

[0006] The rice fields are rectangular or square in shape, with ridges around them, and the height of the ridges is 0.5-1 meters. Several fish ditches and fish ponds are set up in the rice fields, with a width of 0.5-1 meters and a depth of 0.8-1.2 meters. The fish ditches and fish ponds are interconnected to form a complete space for fish activities;

[0007] The water inlet and outlet of the rice field are respectively set at the two ends of the rice field, and filter nets are set at the water inlet and outlet to prevent fish from escaping and foreign debris from entering the rice field.

[0008] Preferably, the water quality adjustment system comprises the following steps:

[0009] The water quality regulation system includes oxygenation equipment, water quality monitoring equipment and water treatment equipment;

[0010] The oxygenation equipment uses microporous oxygenation technology to provide sufficient oxygen for the water in the rice fields;

[0011] Water quality monitoring equipment monitors water quality parameters in rice fields in real time, such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, etc.

[0012] The water treatment equipment treats the water in the rice fields according to the monitoring results of the water quality monitoring equipment, such as adding beneficial microorganisms, adjusting the pH value, etc., to maintain stable water quality.

[0013] Preferably, the fish farming system comprises the following steps:

[0014] Fish farming systems include stocking of fry, feeding of feeds and disease control;

[0015] Fish species suitable for fish-rice symbiotic farming should be selected for fry placement, such as grass carp, crucian carp, carp, etc. The density of fry placement is determined according to the area of ​​the rice field and water quality conditions, generally 500-1000 fry are placed per mu of rice field;

[0016] Feeding adopts a combination of natural bait and artificial feed. Natural bait mainly includes plankton in rice fields, aquatic insects, etc.; artificial feed is formulated according to the growth stage and nutritional needs of fish;

[0017] Disease prevention and control adopts a combination of ecological prevention and control and drug prevention and control. Ecological prevention and control mainly includes maintaining stable water quality and strengthening feeding management; drug prevention and control is used when necessary, and low-toxic and high-efficiency drugs are selected and used strictly in accordance with the instructions.

[0018] Preferably, the rice planting system comprises the following steps:

[0019] Rice farming system includes variety selection, seeding and seedling raising, transplanting and field management;

[0020] Variety selection Choose rice varieties suitable for fish-rice symbiotic farming, such as varieties that are resistant to lodging and flooding;

[0021] Seeding and raising seedlings adopts dry or water-raising methods to cultivate strong seedlings;

[0022] Transplanting: When the rice seedlings grow to a certain height, they are transplanted. The transplanting density is determined according to the area of ​​the rice field and the rice variety. Generally, 12,000 to 15,000 rice plants are transplanted per mu of rice field.

[0023] Field management includes fertilization, weeding, pest control, etc. Fertilization uses a combination of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers; weeding uses a combination of manual weeding and biological weeding to reduce the use of herbicides; pest control uses a combination of ecological control and biological control to reduce the use of pesticides.

[0024] A method for fish-rice symbiotic farming comprises the following steps:

[0025] 1. Preparation stage:

[0026] Select suitable rice fields, transform them, set up fish ditches, fish drains, water inlets and outlets, etc.

[0027] Install water quality regulation system and fish breeding system, and prepare rice seeds and fish fry.

[0028] 2. Sowing and seedling raising stage:

[0029] Use dry or water seedling raising methods to cultivate strong seedlings.

[0030] 3. Fry release stage:

[0031] 10-15 days before transplanting rice seedlings, fish fry are released into the rice fields. When releasing fish fry, pay attention to the size and quality of the fry and select healthy and lively fry for release.

[0032] 4. Rice transplanting stage:

[0033] When the rice seedlings grow to a certain height, they are transplanted. When transplanting, attention should be paid to the density and depth of the rice to ensure the growth and development of the rice.

[0034] 5. Field management stage:

[0035] Fertilization: Use a combination of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. Fertilization is carried out according to the growth needs of rice at different stages of rice growth.

[0036] Weeding: Use a combination of manual weeding and biological weeding to reduce the use of herbicides. You can stock some herbivorous fish, such as grass carp and crucian carp, in the rice fields to help remove weeds in the rice fields.

[0037] Pest control: Use a combination of ecological and biological control to reduce the use of pesticides. Physical control equipment such as solar insecticidal lamps and sex attractants can be installed in rice fields to lure and kill pests; some natural enemy insects, such as trichogrammatids and ladybugs, can also be released in rice fields to help control the number of pests.

[0038] Water quality regulation: Regularly monitor water quality parameters in rice fields, such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, etc. According to the water quality monitoring results, timely adjust the water quality regulation system to maintain stable water quality.

[0039] 6. Harvest stage:

[0040] When the rice is ripe, it is harvested. When harvesting, be careful not to damage the fish ditches and fish ponds in the rice fields.

[0041] When the fish reach the market size, they are harvested. When harvesting, it is important to choose the appropriate method to avoid causing harm to the fish.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0043] 1. The fish-rice symbiotic breeding system and the breeding method thereof of the present invention combine rice planting and fish breeding, make full use of water resources and land resources, and improve the economic and ecological benefits of agricultural production.

[0044] 2. The water quality regulation system can maintain the stability of water quality in the rice fields and provide a good environment for the growth of fish and rice.

[0045] 3. The fish farming system and the rice planting system promote each other. The fish feces can provide nutrients for the rice, and the rice roots can provide a place for the fish to live and forage.

[0046] 4. The cultivation and breeding method of the present invention adopts a combination of ecological control and biological control, which reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and reduces the pollution of agricultural production to the environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0048] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the following disclosure.

[0049] The raw materials in the embodiments can be obtained commercially;

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the present technical field.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] A fish-rice symbiotic breeding system comprises a rice field structure, a water quality regulating system, a fish breeding system and a rice planting system.

[0053] The structure of the rice field includes ridges, fish ditches, fish ponds, water inlets and outlets. The height of the ridges is 0.5-1 meters and they are set around the edges of the rice field. The fish ditches and fish ponds are interconnected to form a complete space for fish activities. The water inlet and outlet are set at both ends of the rice field, and filters are set at the water inlet and outlet to prevent fish from escaping and foreign debris from entering the rice field.

[0054] The water quality regulation system includes oxygenation equipment, water quality monitoring equipment and water treatment equipment. The oxygenation equipment uses microporous oxygenation technology to provide sufficient oxygen for the water in the rice field. The water quality monitoring equipment monitors the water quality parameters in the rice field in real time, such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, etc. The water treatment equipment treats the water in the rice field according to the monitoring results of the water quality monitoring equipment, such as adding beneficial microorganisms, adjusting the pH value, etc., to maintain the stability of the water quality.

[0055] The fish farming system includes the release of fish fry, feeding and disease prevention. For the release of fish fry, fish species suitable for fish-rice symbiotic farming are selected, such as grass carp, crucian carp, carp, etc. The density of fish fry release is determined according to the area of ​​the rice field and the water quality conditions, generally 500-1000 fish fry are released per mu of rice field. Feed feeding adopts a combination of natural bait and artificial compound feed. Natural bait mainly includes plankton and aquatic insects in rice fields; artificial compound feed is formulated according to the growth stage and nutritional needs of fish. Disease prevention and control adopts a combination of ecological prevention and control and drug prevention and control. Ecological prevention and control mainly includes maintaining the stability of water quality and strengthening feeding management; drug prevention and control is used when necessary, and low-toxic and high-efficiency drugs are selected, and they are used strictly in accordance with the instructions.

[0056] The rice planting system includes variety selection, sowing and raising rice seedlings, transplanting and field management. Variety selection: Choose rice varieties suitable for fish-rice symbiotic farming, such as varieties that are resistant to lodging and flooding. Sowing and raising rice seedlings adopts dry or water seedling raising methods to cultivate strong seedlings. Transplanting: Transplanting is carried out when the rice seedlings grow to a certain height. The transplanting density is determined according to the area of ​​the rice field and the rice variety, generally 12,000 to 15,000 rice plants are transplanted per mu of rice field. Field management includes fertilization, weeding, pest and disease control, etc. Fertilization adopts a combination of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers; weeding adopts a combination of manual weeding and biological weeding to reduce the use of herbicides; pest and disease control adopts a combination of ecological control and biological control to reduce the use of pesticides.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A method for fish-rice symbiotic farming comprises the following steps:

[0059] 1. Preparation stage:

[0060] Select suitable rice fields, transform them, set up fish ditches, fish drains, water inlets and outlets, etc.

[0061] Install water quality regulation system and fish breeding system, and prepare rice seeds and fish fry.

[0062] 2. Sowing and seedling raising stage:

[0063] Use dry or water seedling raising methods to cultivate strong seedlings.

[0064] 3. Fry release stage:

[0065] 10-15 days before transplanting rice seedlings, fish fry are released into the rice fields. When releasing fish fry, pay attention to the size and quality of the fry and select healthy and lively fry for release.

[0066] 4. Rice transplanting stage:

[0067] When the rice seedlings grow to a certain height, they are transplanted. When transplanting, attention should be paid to the density and depth of the rice to ensure the growth and development of the rice.

[0068] 5. Field management stage:

[0069] Fertilization: Use a combination of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. Fertilization is carried out according to the growth needs of rice at different stages of rice growth.

[0070] Weeding: Use a combination of manual weeding and biological weeding to reduce the use of herbicides. You can stock some herbivorous fish, such as grass carp and crucian carp, in the rice fields to help remove weeds in the rice fields.

[0071] Pest control: Use a combination of ecological and biological control to reduce the use of pesticides. Physical control equipment such as solar insecticidal lamps and sex attractants can be installed in rice fields to lure and kill pests; some natural enemy insects, such as trichogrammatids and ladybugs, can also be released in rice fields to help control the number of pests.

[0072] Water quality regulation: Regularly monitor water quality parameters in rice fields, such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, etc. According to the water quality monitoring results, timely adjust the water quality regulation system to maintain stable water quality.

[0073] 6. Harvest stage:

[0074] When the rice is ripe, it is harvested. When harvesting, be careful not to damage the fish ditches and fish ponds in the rice fields.

[0075] When the fish reach the market size, they are harvested. When harvesting, it is important to choose the appropriate method to avoid causing harm to the fish.

[0076] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical contents disclosed above to change or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish-rice symbiotic farming system, characterized in that: Including rice field structure, water quality regulation system, fish farming system and rice planting system.

2. The fish-rice symbiotic farming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The paddy field structure is configured as follows: The rice fields are rectangular or square in shape, with ridges around them, and the height of the ridges is 0.5-1 meter; Several fish ditches and fish ponds are set up in the rice fields. The width of the fish ditches and fish ponds is 0.5-1 meters, and the depth is 0.8-1.2 meters. The fish ditches and fish ponds are interconnected to form a complete space for fish activities; The water inlet and outlet of the rice field are respectively set at the two ends of the rice field, and filter nets are set at the water inlet and outlet to prevent fish from escaping and foreign debris from entering the rice field.

3. The fish-rice symbiotic farming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality regulation system includes oxygenation equipment, water quality monitoring equipment and water treatment equipment; The oxygenation equipment uses microporous oxygenation technology to provide sufficient oxygen for the water in the rice fields; Water quality monitoring equipment monitors water quality parameters in rice fields in real time, such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH value; The water treatment equipment treats the water in the rice fields according to the monitoring results of the water quality monitoring equipment, such as adding beneficial microorganisms, adjusting the pH value, etc., to maintain stable water quality.

4. The fish-rice symbiotic farming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fish farming systems include stocking of fry, feeding of feeds and disease control; Fish species suitable for fish-rice symbiotic farming, such as grass carp, crucian carp, and carp, are selected for fry placement. The density of fry placement is determined according to the area of ​​the rice field and water quality conditions. 500-1000 fry are placed per mu of rice field. Feeding adopts a combination of natural bait and artificial feed. Natural bait includes plankton and aquatic insects in rice fields; artificial feed is formulated according to the growth stage and nutritional needs of fish; Disease prevention and control adopts a combination of ecological prevention and control and drug prevention and control. Ecological prevention and control includes maintaining stable water quality and strengthening feeding management; drug prevention and control is used when necessary, and low-toxic and high-efficiency drugs are selected and used strictly in accordance with the instructions.

5. The fish-rice symbiotic farming system and the farming method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: Rice farming system includes variety selection, seeding and seedling raising, transplanting and field management; Variety selection Choose rice varieties suitable for fish-rice symbiotic farming, such as varieties that are resistant to lodging and flooding; Seeding and raising seedlings adopts dry or water-raising methods to cultivate strong seedlings; Transplanting: When the rice seedlings grow to a certain height, they are transplanted. The transplanting density is determined according to the area of ​​the rice field and the rice variety. 12,000 to 15,000 rice plants are transplanted per mu of rice field. Field management includes fertilization, weeding, and pest and disease control. Fertilization adopts a combination of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers; weeding adopts a combination of manual weeding and biological weeding to reduce the use of herbicides; pest and disease control adopts a combination of ecological control and biological control to reduce the use of pesticides.

6. A method for fish-rice symbiotic farming, characterized in that: The following steps are involved:

1. Preparation stage: Select suitable rice fields, renovate them, and set up fish ditches, fish ponds, water inlets and outlets; Install water conditioning systems and fish farming systems, and prepare rice seeds and fish fry; 2. Sowing and seedling raising stage: Use dry seedling raising or water seedling raising to cultivate strong seedlings; 3. Fry release stage: 10-15 days before transplanting rice seedlings, release the fry into the rice fields. When releasing the fry, pay attention to the size and quality of the fry and select healthy and active fry for release.

4. Rice transplanting stage: When the rice seedlings grow to a certain height, they are transplanted. When transplanting, attention should be paid to the density and depth of the rice to ensure its growth and development.

5. Field management stage: Fertilization: Use a combination of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. Fertilize according to the growth needs of rice at different stages of rice growth; Weeding: Use a combination of manual weeding and biological weeding to reduce the use of herbicides. You can stock some herbivorous fish, such as grass carp and crucian carp, in the rice fields to help remove weeds in the rice fields; Pest control: adopt a combination of ecological control and biological control to reduce the use of pesticides. Physical control equipment such as solar insecticidal lamps and sex attractants can be installed in rice fields to lure and kill pests. Some natural enemy insects, such as trichogrammatids and ladybugs, can also be released in rice fields to help control the number of pests. Water quality regulation: Regularly monitor water quality parameters in rice fields, such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH value. According to the water quality monitoring results, timely adjust the water quality regulation system to maintain stable water quality; 6. Harvest stage: When the rice is ripe, it is harvested. When harvesting, be careful not to damage the fish ditches and fish ponds in the rice fields. When the fish reach the market size, they are harvested. When harvesting, it is important to choose the appropriate method to avoid causing harm to the fish.