Method for judging and processing abnormal discharge of activated carbon adsorption tower

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment by activated carbon, and discloses a method for judging and treating abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, which comprises the following steps of: respectively monitoring high and low material level alarm duration in real time and calculating high and low material level alarm rates according to a heat balance principle of a material bin and an adsorption area in the adsorption tower to judge an abnormal type; on the basis of ensuring normal circulation of activated carbon, automatic loading and discharging of the adsorption tower are realized, and environmental protection and potential safety hazards caused by abnormal material levels are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of activated carbon flue gas treatment, and in particular to a method for judging and treating abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower. Background Art

[0002] Activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification technology is widely used in flue gas purification fields such as sintering, pelletizing, and coking. Compared with other flue gas purification technologies, the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification process equipment is relatively more complex and more difficult to operate, requiring comprehensive control of all aspects to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0003] The activated carbon in the adsorption tower is supplied by the silo at the top of the tower. In order to ensure the circulation amount of activated carbon in the tower, it is mainly adjusted by the frequency of adding and unloading. Therefore, there is a corresponding relationship between the change of the material level of the activated carbon adsorption tower and the discharge frequency. Under normal operating conditions, when the hourly average value of the low material level of the adsorption tower is lower than 0.5, it means that there is sufficient activated coke in the system and the circulation speed can be increased; when it is higher than 0.5, it means that the adsorption tower is short of carbon, and it is necessary to increase the feeding frequency to increase the material level in the silo while the discharge frequency remains unchanged; similarly, when the hourly average value of the high material level alarm duration is higher than 0.5, it means that there is sufficient activated coke in the adsorption tower and the circulation speed can be increased; when it is lower than 0.5, it means that there is insufficient activated coke in the adsorption tower and the circulation speed can be increased. Therefore, when there is no blockage, abnormally large or small material flow, etc., automatic loading and discharging can be achieved according to the high and low material level signals.

[0004] However, in actual application, abnormal material levels often occur, such as long-term low or high material levels, and manual discharge is required to maintain balance. Manual discharge mainly relies on the experience of operators and technicians. There is no mature response plan, or lack of standardized judgment and processing methods. Different technicians often come to different conclusions, and there is a lag in adjustment. Insufficient activated carbon in the adsorption area affects the flue gas purification effect, resulting in the obstruction of the stable operation of activated coke desulfurization and denitrification; for example, the activated carbon silo is not discharged in time, resulting in overflow; the adsorption tower is blocked and hot spots occur. These problems not only make it difficult to stably meet ultra-low emissions standards, and the main production line is frequently forced to limit production and stop production, but also some accidents have great safety and environmental risks, which seriously affect the normal production of enterprises. In the prior art, there are many studies on the control of adsorption tower loading and discharge systems, but there are few studies on methods for judging and handling abnormal material levels. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for judging and handling abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, which mainly uses characteristic data such as abnormal material level hourly alarm duration, discharge frequency at the bottom of the adsorption tower, activated carbon silo loading, and discharge speed to judge the type of abnormal material level after analysis and calculation and give corresponding treatment plans to ensure the stable operation of the activated coke desulfurization and denitrification system and reduce the environmental and safety hazards caused by abnormal material levels.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for judging abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, wherein the adsorption tower comprises a silo, a feeder, a discharger and an adsorption zone, wherein the silo is filled with activated carbon and is located at the upper part of the adsorption zone, and is provided with a low material level alarm line and a high material level alarm line, respectively, wherein the feeder is located at the top of the silo, and the discharger is located at the bottom of the silo, and after the sintering flue gas completes the adsorption treatment in the adsorption zone, it enters the silo to preheat the activated carbon and then is discharged from the adsorption tower, and the preheated activated carbon enters the adsorption zone through the discharger; comprising:

[0007] (1) Detecting and calculating the heat generated in the silo, the heat consumed and discharged in the silo: the heat generated in the silo includes the heat brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas; the heat consumed and discharged in the silo includes the heat of the silo, the heat adsorbed by the activated carbon in the silo, and the heat brought out by the flue gas when it is discharged from the silo; based on the principle of heat balance, that is, based on the fact that the heat brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas is equal to the heat consumed and discharged by the silo, the temperature T2 of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line is calculated;

[0008] Then, the low material level hourly alarm time t1 is calculated by formula (16), and the low material level hourly alarm rate F1 is calculated by formula (17); where:

[0009]

[0010] When F1≤F a1 When F a1 <F1≤F b1 It is a low material level warning; when F1>F b1 It is an abnormal low material level warning; among them, F a1 is the minimum low material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the minimum operating temperature T of the unloader a1 Low material level hourly alarm rate under F b1 is the maximum low material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the unloader's tolerance temperature T b1 Hourly alarm rate of low material level;

[0011] Where, T2 is the temperature of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; t1 is the low material level hourly alarm time; F1 is the low material level hourly alarm rate; T a1 is the minimum operating temperature of the discharger; Fa1 is the minimum low material level hourly alarm rate; T b1 F is the tolerance temperature of the discharger; b1 V is the maximum low material level hourly alarm rate; t1 is the heating rate of activated carbon, measured in the laboratory; T 01 The real-time temperature of activated carbon in the silo;

[0012] (2) Detect and calculate the heat generated in the adsorption zone, the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone, the heat generated in the adsorption zone includes the heat brought into the adsorption zone by the sintering flue gas and the heat brought into the adsorption zone by the activated carbon; the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone includes the heat of the activated carbon heated by the flue gas and the heat carried out by the flue gas discharged from the silo; based on the principle of heat balance, that is, based on the heat generated in the adsorption zone being equal to the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone, calculate the temperature T6 of the activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, and then calculate the high material level hourly alarm time by formula (19), and calculate the high material level hourly alarm rate by formula (20); wherein,

[0013]

[0014] When F a2 ≥F2 is the normal material level; when F a2 <F2≤F b2 It is a high material level warning; when F2>F b2 is an abnormally high material level warning; among them, F a2 is the minimum high material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the optimal temperature T determined by the denitrification rate a2 High material level hourly alarm rate under F b2 is the maximum high material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the temperature T that meets the denitrification requirements b2 Hourly alarm rate of high material level under

[0015] Where, T6 is the temperature of activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; t2 is the high material level hourly alarm time; F2 is the high material level hourly alarm rate; T a2 The optimal temperature for the denitrification rate, measured in the laboratory; F a2 is the minimum high material level hourly alarm rate; T b2 The temperature required to meet the denitrification requirement is measured by the laboratory; F b2 V is the maximum high material level hourly alarm rate; t2 is the cooling rate of activated carbon, measured in the laboratory; T 02 It is the real-time temperature of activated carbon in the adsorption zone.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the calculation process of the temperature T2 of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line in (1) is as follows: the heat Q1 brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas, the heat Q generated in the silo 入1 =Q1(1);

[0017] The heat of the silo Q2, the heat adsorbed by the activated carbon in the silo Q3, the heat taken out by the flue gas from the silo Q4, the heat consumed and discharged by the silo Q 出1 =Q2+Q3+Q4(2);

[0018] Using Q 入1 =Q 出1 Calculate the temperature T2 of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line;

[0019] Among them, the heat brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas is Q1 = M1 × C1 × T1 (3);

[0020] M1=ρ1×(V0-V1) (4)

[0021] Wherein, M1 is the mass of sintering flue gas entering the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; C1 is the heat capacity of sintering flue gas, measured by the laboratory; T1 is the temperature of sintering flue gas entering the silo; ρ1 is the density of sintering flue gas when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; V0 is the volume of the silo; V1 is the volume of activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line;

[0022] The heat of the silo is Q2 = M1 × C1 × T2 (5);

[0023] The heat adsorbed by the activated carbon in the silo is Q3 = M3 × C3 × T3 (6);

[0024] The heat brought out by the smoke from the silo is Q4 = M4 × C4 × T4 (7);

[0025] In the formula, M3 is the mass of the heated activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; C3 is the heat capacity of the activated carbon when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, measured by the laboratory; T3 is the temperature of the activated carbon when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; M4 is the mass of the sintering flue gas discharged from the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; C4 is the heat capacity of the sintering flue gas when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, measured by the laboratory; T4 is the temperature of the sintering flue gas discharged from the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the calculation process of (2) the temperature T6 of the activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the high material level alarm line is:

[0027] The heat brought into the adsorption zone by the sintering flue gas is Q5, the heat brought into the adsorption zone by the activated carbon is Q6, and the heat generated in the adsorption zone is Q入2 =Q5+Q6(8);

[0028] The heat of activated carbon heated by sintering flue gas Q7, the heat taken out by sintering flue gas from the adsorption zone Q8, the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone Q 出2 =Q7+Q8(9);

[0029] Using Q 入2 =Q 出2 Calculate the temperature T6 of the activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the high material level alarm line;

[0030] The heat brought into the adsorption zone by the sintering flue gas is Q5=M5×C5×T5(10)

[0031] M5=ρ2×(V2-V3) (11)

[0032] The heat brought into the adsorption zone by the activated carbon is Q6 = M6 × C6 × T6 (12)

[0033] Wherein, M5 is the mass of sintering flue gas entering the adsorption zone; C5 is the heat capacity of sintering flue gas entering the adsorption zone, measured by the laboratory; T5 is the temperature of sintering flue gas entering the adsorption zone; ρ2 is the density of sintering flue gas when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; V2 is the volume of the adsorption zone; V3 is the volume of activated carbon in the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; M6 is the mass of activated carbon entering the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; C6 is the heat capacity of activated carbon when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, measured by the laboratory;

[0034] Heat of activated carbon heated by sintering flue gas Q 7＝ M6×C7×(T8-T6)(13);

[0035] The heat brought out by the smoke from the silo is Q8 = M8 × C8 × T8 (14);

[0036] In the formula, C7 is the heat capacity of the activated carbon heated by the sintering flue gas when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, which is measured by the laboratory; M8 is the mass of the sintering flue gas discharged from the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; C8 is the heat capacity of the sintering flue gas when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, which is measured by the laboratory; T8 is the temperature of the sintering flue gas discharged from the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the abnormally low material level warning includes the first type of abnormal material level or the second type of abnormal material level; or,

[0038] The abnormally high material level warning includes the third type of abnormal material level or the fourth type of abnormal material level.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, the first type of abnormal material level: F1>F b1and k ≥ 0; or,

[0040] The second type of abnormal material level: F1>F b1 And k<0;

[0041] Wherein, k is the slope of the material feeding frequency change curve, 0≤|k|≤1.

[0042] In an optional implementation, the third type of abnormal material level: F2>F b2 and k≤0; or,

[0043] The fourth type of abnormal material level: F2>F b2 And k>0;

[0044] Wherein, k is the slope of the material feeding frequency change curve, 0≤|k|≤1.

[0045] In an optional implementation, the alarm interval is set to If the actual interval between two adjacent alarms is t, < t0, it is judged as abnormal material level;

[0046] Wherein, t0 is the alarm interval, min; t, is the interval between two adjacent alarms, min; T0 is the time required for one cycle of activated carbon feeding in the adsorption zone, min.

[0047] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for handling abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, and handles the abnormal discharge of the activated carbon adsorption tower after the abnormal discharge is determined by the above-mentioned judgment method.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, the abnormality is a low material level warning, and the feeding speed at the top of the silo is increased by nG1; or,

[0049] The abnormality is a high material level warning, and the feeding speed at the top of the silo is reduced by nG1;

[0050] Wherein, G1 is the minimum control unit of the activated carbon feeding frequency of the tower top silo feeder, Hz; n is a non-zero natural number.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, when the abnormality is an abnormally low material level warning, the abnormally low material level warning is a first type of abnormal material level, and the material discharge speed of the discharger is adjusted to decrease by n1G. t , the feeding speed of the top feeder is increased by n2G1, and G n -n1G t ≥G a , G0>G a ;or,

[0052] The abnormally low material level warning is the second type of abnormal material level, and new charcoal is added; or,

[0053] When the abnormality is an abnormally high material level warning, the abnormally high material level warning is the third type of abnormal material level, and the discharge frequency of the unloader is increased by n1G. t , the feeding speed of the top feeder is reduced by n2G1, and G n +n1G t ≤G m , G0<G m ;or,

[0054] The abnormally high material level warning is the fourth type of abnormal material level. Manually adjust the long axis to unload the material, and check the hot spot information of activated carbon in the adsorption area at the same time;

[0055] In the formula, G t is the minimum control unit of the discharge frequency of the bottom discharger, Hz; G n is the current feeding frequency of the system, Hz; G0 is the set feeding frequency of the system, Hz; G a Set the minimum feeding frequency for the system, Hz; G m is the feeding frequency corresponding to the maximum amount of new charcoal added, Hz; n1 is a non-zero natural number; n2 is a non-zero natural number.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0057] 1. The present invention provides a method for judging abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower. According to the heat balance principle of the silo and the adsorption zone in the adsorption tower, the high and low material level alarm durations are monitored in real time, and the high and low material level alarm rates are calculated to judge the abnormality type, thereby ensuring that the adsorption tower is automatically loaded and discharged on the basis of normal circulation of activated carbon, and avoiding environmental and safety hazards caused by abnormal material levels.

[0058] 2. The present invention provides a method for handling abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower. According to characteristic data such as the hourly alarm duration of the abnormal material level, the discharge frequency at the bottom of the adsorption tower, the loading and discharging speed of the activated carbon silo, etc., the type of abnormal material level is determined after analysis and a corresponding treatment plan is given. The efficiency of the activated carbon circulation in the activated coke desulfurization and denitrification system is optimized, and the efficiency of solving the abnormal material level problem is improved. On the basis of ensuring the normal circulation of activated carbon, the automatic loading and discharging of the adsorption tower is ensured, thereby avoiding environmental and safety hazards caused by abnormal material levels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0060] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the best mode of implementation, nor to limit the content and protection scope of the present invention. Any product identical or similar to the present invention obtained by anyone under the inspiration of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior arts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0062] If no specific experimental steps or conditions are specified in the examples, the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the literature in the field can be used. If no manufacturer is specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional reagent products that can be purchased commercially.

[0063] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. These embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0064] During the operation of the activated coke desulfurization and denitrification system, flue gas purification is mainly achieved through the adsorption of activated carbon. Therefore, the adsorption tower is the core area for removing pollutants in the activated coke desulfurization and denitrification process, and the operation of activated carbon directly determines the desulfurization and denitrification effect of the process. When there is no blockage, abnormally large material flow, insufficient activated carbon circulation, etc., the adsorption tower can realize automatic loading and discharging according to high and low material level signals. However, in actual operation, stacking and overflow often occur, resulting in waste of activated carbon and increasing system operation costs; the loading and unloading process of the adsorption tower is often not timely, and the height of the activated carbon material layer in each box is inconsistent, resulting in uneven adsorption of pollutants and other abnormal conditions, such as long-term low or high material level, at this time, manual discharge is required to maintain balance; the loading and discharging process of the adsorption tower is not matched, and the material level of individual adsorption towers will be at abnormal level for a long time, which will hinder the automatic operation of the desulfurization and denitrification system. This often occurs in the adsorption tower in the existing system.

[0065] The low material level means that the amount of activated carbon in the silo is low, that is, the content of activated carbon in the silo is small, which is insufficient to meet the adsorption process in the adsorption zone; the high material level means that the amount of activated carbon in the silo is high, that is, the content of activated carbon in the silo is large, and the temperature is low after preheating, which affects the adsorption efficiency after entering the adsorption zone.

[0066] If the material level in the silo is too low (too little activated carbon), the temperature of the silo will continue to rise, which will affect the operation of the unloader. When the temperature is higher than the working temperature of the unloader, it will affect the service life of the unloader. When the temperature is higher than the tolerance temperature of the unloader, the unloader will be damaged. Therefore, the silo temperature is used to judge the low material level warning abnormality. If the material level in the silo is too high (too much activated carbon), the activated carbon temperature is low. After entering the adsorption area, it first enters the denitrification area. The denitrification reaction requires certain temperature conditions. The low temperature of the activated carbon will affect the denitrification efficiency. When it is lower than the optimal temperature determined by the denitrification rate, the removal efficiency of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas is low. When it is lower than the temperature that meets the denitrification requirements, the denitrification reaction cannot proceed normally. Therefore, the activated carbon temperature in the silo is used to judge the high material level warning abnormality.

[0067] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, Figure 1 As shown, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a method for judging abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, wherein the adsorption tower comprises a silo and an adsorption zone, wherein the silo is filled with activated carbon and is located at the upper part of the adsorption zone, and is provided with a low material level alarm line and a high material level alarm line, respectively, and after the sintering flue gas completes the adsorption treatment in the adsorption zone, it enters the silo to preheat the activated carbon and then is discharged from the adsorption tower;

[0068] (1) Detecting and calculating the heat generated in the silo, the heat consumed and discharged in the silo: the heat generated in the silo includes the heat brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas; the heat consumed and discharged in the silo includes the heat of the silo, the heat adsorbed by the activated carbon in the silo, and the heat brought out by the flue gas when it is discharged from the silo; based on the principle of heat balance, that is, based on the fact that the heat brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas is equal to the heat consumed and discharged by the silo, the temperature T2 of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line is calculated;

[0069] Then, the low material level hourly alarm time t1 is calculated by formula (16), and the low material level hourly alarm rate F1 is calculated by formula (17); where:

[0070]

[0071] It should be noted that the temperature of T2 is between 120℃ and 140℃. In different flue gas purification systems, factors such as pressure and physical quantity will cause the formula to be different. Therefore, the coefficient can be set according to the actual situation to obtain the silo temperature that conforms to the actual situation. The formula is only to reflect the calculation relationship. There is no restriction on the units of the above parameters, and the coefficient is obtained based on experience. It can be any integer, such as any value in 1-500, which can be 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 13, 18, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, etc. This is a list, not limited to these values.

[0072]

[0073] When F1≤F a1 When F a1 <F1≤F b1 It is a low material level warning; when F1>F b1 It is an abnormal low material level warning; among them, F a1 is the minimum low material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the minimum operating temperature T set for the unloader a1 Low material level hourly alarm rate under F b1 is the maximum low material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the unloader's tolerance temperature T b1 Hourly alarm rate of low material level;

[0074] Where, T2 is the temperature of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, ℃; C1 is the heat capacity of the sintering flue gas, J / K, measured by the laboratory; T1 is the temperature of the sintering flue gas entering the silo, ℃; ρ1 is the density of the sintering flue gas when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, g / cm 3 ; V0 is the volume of the silo, m 3 ; V1 is the volume of activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, m 3 ; M3 is the mass of activated carbon when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, t; C3 is the heat capacity of activated carbon when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, J / K, measured by the laboratory; T3 is the temperature of activated carbon when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, ℃; M4 is the mass of sintering flue gas discharged from the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, t; C4 is the heat capacity of sintering flue gas discharged from the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, J / K, measured by the laboratory; T4 is the temperature of sintering flue gas discharged from the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, ℃; t1 is the low material level hourly alarm time, min; F1 is the low material level hourly alarm rate; T a1 is the minimum operating temperature of the discharger, °C; F a1 is the minimum low material level hourly alarm rate; T b1 is the withstand temperature of the discharger, ℃; F b1 V is the maximum low material level hourly alarm rate; t1 is the activated carbon heating rate, ℃ / min, measured in the laboratory; T 01 is the real-time temperature in the silo, °C;

[0075] The type of abnormal material level is determined according to the hourly alarm rate of high and low material levels. To ensure the denitrification effect of activated carbon, the working temperature of activated carbon in the adsorption zone is set to T, which is usually 120℃-130℃. Therefore, the temperature of activated carbon in the silo should be stable within a certain range to ensure that the temperature of activated carbon can be stabilized at the optimal working temperature after entering the adsorption zone; because the activated carbon in the silo is heated by the sintering flue gas branch and the air atmosphere, the temperature in the silo should be maintained within the working temperature of the discharger at the same time. The heat of the silo and the heat of the activated carbon are obtained by the formula;

[0076] The heat brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas is Q1, and the heat generated in the silo is Q 入1 = Q1(1) Heat in the silo Q2, Heat adsorbed by activated carbon in the silo Q3, Heat carried away by flue gas from the silo Q4, Heat consumed and discharged by the silo Q 出1 =Q2+Q3+Q4(2)

[0077] Using Q 入1 =Q 出1 Calculate the temperature T2 of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line;

[0078] The heat brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas is Q1 = M1 × C1 × T1 (3);

[0079] M1=ρ1×(V0-V1) (4)

[0080] The heat of the silo is Q2 = M1 × C1 × T2 (5);

[0081] The heat adsorbed by the activated carbon in the silo is Q3 = M3 × C3 × T3 (6);

[0082] The heat brought out by the smoke from the silo is Q4 = M4 × C4 × T4 (7);

[0083] The activated carbon level in the silo is negatively correlated with the activated carbon temperature. When the level is low, Q1 remains unchanged and M3 decreases. According to the law of energy conservation, the temperature of the activated carbon silo increases, and the heating rate is V. t1 , ℃ / min, measured in the laboratory.

[0084] (2) Detect and calculate the heat generated in the adsorption zone, the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone, the heat generated in the adsorption zone includes the heat brought into the adsorption zone by the sintering flue gas; the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone includes the heat of the flue gas heating the activated carbon and the heat brought out by the flue gas out of the adsorption zone; according to the principle of heat balance, that is, according to the heat generated in the adsorption zone being equal to the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone, calculate the temperature T6 of the activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, and then calculate the high material level hourly alarm time by formula (19), and calculate the high material level hourly alarm rate by formula (20); wherein,

[0085]

[0086] It should be noted that the T6 temperature is between 80℃ and 100℃. Due to the differences in the formula caused by factors such as pressure, physical quantity, and unit in different flue gas purification systems, the coefficient can be set according to the actual situation to obtain the silo temperature that meets the actual situation. The formula is only to reflect the calculation relationship. There are no restrictions on the units of the above parameters, and the coefficients are obtained based on experience and can be any integer, such as any value in the range of 1-500, specifically 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 13, 18, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, etc. These are listed here and are not limited to these values.

[0087]

[0088] When F a2 ≥F2 is the normal material level; when F a2 <F2≤F b2 It is a high material level warning; when F2>F b2 is an abnormally high material level warning; among them, F a2 is the minimum high material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the optimal temperature T determined by the denitrification rate a2 High material level hourly alarm rate under F b2 is the maximum high material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the temperature T that meets the denitrification requirements b2 Hourly alarm rate of high material level under

[0089] Wherein, T6 is the temperature of activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, ℃; M6 is the mass of activated carbon entering the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, t; C6 is the heat capacity of activated carbon when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, J / K, measured by the laboratory; M5 is the mass of sintering flue gas entering the adsorption zone, t; C5 is the heat capacity of sintering flue gas entering the adsorption zone, J / K, measured by the laboratory; T5 is the temperature of sintering flue gas entering the adsorption zone, ℃; ρ2 is the density of sintering flue gas when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, g / cm 3 ; V2 is the volume of the adsorption zone, m 3 ; V3 is the volume of activated carbon in the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, m 3 ; M7 is the mass of sintering flue gas discharged from the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, t; C7 is the heat capacity of sintering flue gas heating activated carbon when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, J / K, measured by the laboratory; C8 is the heat capacity of sintering flue gas when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, J / K, measured by the laboratory; T8 is the temperature of sintering flue gas discharged from the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, ℃; t2 is the high material level hourly alarm time, min; F2 is the high material level hourly alarm rate; Ta2 The optimal temperature for the denitrification rate, °C, measured in the laboratory; F a2 is the minimum high material level hourly alarm rate; T b2 The temperature required to meet the denitrification requirement is ℃, measured by the laboratory; F b2 V is the maximum high material level hourly alarm rate; t2 is the cooling rate of activated carbon, ℃ / min, measured in the laboratory.

[0090] After passing through the denitrification zone, the flue gas contacts the activated carbon from top to bottom, heating the activated carbon. At this time, the activated carbon has not entered the denitrification zone, so the heat released by the denitrification reaction is not included.

[0091] The heat brought into the adsorption zone by the sintering flue gas is Q5, the heat brought into the adsorption zone by the activated carbon is Q6, and the heat generated in the adsorption zone is Q 入2 =Q5+Q6(8);

[0092] The heat of activated carbon heated by sintering flue gas Q7, the heat taken out by flue gas from the silo Q8, the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption area Q 出2 =Q7+Q8(9).

[0093] Using Q 入2 =Q 出2 Calculate the temperature T6 of the activated carbon in the silo area when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; the heat brought into the adsorption area by the sintering flue gas Q5=M5×C5×T5(10)

[0094] M5=ρ2×(V2-V3) (11)

[0095] The heat brought into the adsorption zone by the activated carbon is Q6 = M6 × C6 × T6 (12)

[0096] Heat of activated carbon heated by sintering flue gas Q 7＝ M6×C7×(T8-T6)(13);

[0097] Calculate the heat brought out by the smoke from the silo: Q8 = M8 × C8 × T8 (14);

[0098] When the material level is at a high level, Q5 remains unchanged, and M6 increases. According to the law of energy conservation, the activated carbon temperature ΔT carbon decreases, and the cooling rate is V t2 , ℃ / min, measured in the laboratory.

[0099] In an optional embodiment, the abnormally low material level warning includes a first type of abnormal material level or a second type of abnormal material level;

[0100] The first type of abnormal material level: F1>F b1 and k ≥ 0; or,

[0101] The second type of abnormal material level: F1>F b1 And k<0;

[0102] Wherein, k is the slope of the material feeding frequency change curve, 0≤|k|≤1.

[0103] In an optional implementation, the abnormally high material level warning includes a third-category abnormal material level or a fourth-category abnormal material level.

[0104] The third type of abnormal material level: F2>F b2 and k≤0; or,

[0105] The fourth type of abnormal material level: F2>F b2 And k>0;

[0106] Wherein, k is the slope of the material feeding frequency change curve, 0≤|k|≤1.

[0107] The unloading frequency refers to the unloading frequency of the unloader at the bottom of the adsorption zone. The unloading frequency (unit: Hz) variation curve is obtained with time as the horizontal axis and the unloading frequency as the vertical axis. The unloading frequency is real-time monitoring data.

[0108] In an optional implementation, the alarm interval is set to If the interval between two adjacent alarms is t, < t0, it is judged as an abnormal material level; if the interval between two adjacent alarms is t, > t0, it is judged as a normal material level;

[0109] Wherein, t0 is the alarm interval, min; t, is the interval between two adjacent alarms, min; T0 is the time required for the activated carbon in the adsorption zone to circulate once, min.

[0110] In the present invention, the feeding speed is the speed at which the activated carbon in the feeder enters the silo, and the unloading speed is the speed at which the activated carbon in the unloader enters the adsorption zone.

[0111] In the present invention, heat equality refers to the heat conservation in the whole process from flue gas entering the silo to discharging the silo, and the silo temperature, activated carbon temperature and flue gas temperature change in this process. The silo temperature is calculated by the heat conservation relationship, thereby obtaining the relationship of activated carbon level change.

[0112] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for handling abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, and handles the abnormal discharge of the activated carbon adsorption tower after the abnormal discharge is determined by the above-mentioned judgment method.

[0113] The abnormality is a low material level warning, and the feeding speed of the top of the silo is increased by nG1; or,

[0114] The abnormality is a high material level warning, and the feeding speed of the top of the silo is reduced by nG1; n is a non-zero natural number, 0<n<10, and when adjusting, n is adjusted from 1 and gradually increases until the warning is eliminated; wherein,

[0115]

[0116] The minimum control unit of the activated carbon feeding frequency of the tower top silo feeder is one tenth of the system set feeding frequency.

[0117] When the abnormality is an abnormally low material level warning, the abnormally low material level warning is the first type of abnormal material level, and the unloading speed of the unloader is adjusted to reduce n1G t , increase the feeding speed of the tower top feeder by n2G1 to ensure the normal amount of activated carbon circulating in the adsorption tower; or,

[0118] If the abnormal low material level warning is the second type of abnormal material level, the system activated carbon circulation volume is insufficient, and new carbon is added until the abnormality disappears; or,

[0119] When the abnormality is an abnormally high material level warning, the abnormally high material level warning is the third type of abnormal material level, and the unloading speed of the unloader is adjusted to increase by n1G t , reduce the feeding speed n2G1 of the feeder at the top of the tower to ensure the normal amount of activated carbon circulating in the adsorption tower; or,

[0120] The abnormally high material level warning is the fourth type of abnormal material level, which means that the activated carbon is blocked. Manually adjust the long axis to discharge the material, clear the blocked material, and check the hot spot information in the adsorption area (the activated carbon temperature is too high, and the ignition point temperature of the activated carbon is ≥165°C);

[0121]

[0122] Where, k is the frequency of the feeding frequency change curve, 0≤k≤1; G1 is the minimum control unit of the activated carbon feeding frequency of the tower top silo feeder, Hz; G2 is the system set feeding frequency, Hz; G t is the minimum control unit of the unloading frequency of the bottom discharger, Hz; G0 is the unloading frequency set by the system, Hz; n1>0; n2>0, n1 and n2 are non-zero natural numbers, 0<n<10. When adjusting, n starts from 1 and gradually increases until the warning is eliminated.

[0123] When it is the first type of abnormally low material level, adjust the unloading speed of the unloader to reduce n1G t However, there is a lower limit to the speed reduction. If the speed is too low, the activated carbon will flow too slowly, the activated carbon will be saturated with adsorption, and the pollutant removal effect will be poor. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a certain activated carbon flow rate. The activated carbon flow rate in the module should not be less than the minimum carbon flow rate that meets the requirements for pollutant removal. That is, the corresponding relationship between the frequency of material discharge at the bottom of the adsorption tower is:

[0124] G n -n1G t ≥G a , and G0>G a (twenty three)

[0125] Among them, G a The minimum feed frequency G is determined by the minimum activated carbon flow rate that meets the requirements for pollutant removal. a and carbon flow velocity V L There is a linear correspondence, which can be obtained from production.

[0126]

[0127] Find V L After that, according to the feeding frequency G a and carbon flow velocity V L The corresponding relationship of G a Therefore, the reduction value of the material feeding speed must be at least greater than the minimum activated carbon flow rate G required to remove pollutants. a Among them, G a = k, V L , k, is the relationship coefficient.

[0128] In the formula, G n is the current feeding frequency of the system, Hz; G t is the minimum control unit of the discharge frequency of the bottom discharger, Hz; G a Set the minimum feeding frequency for the system, Hz; V L The minimum activated carbon flow rate to meet the pollutant removal requirements is t / h, and C9 is the inlet flue gas pollutant concentration, mg / Nm 3 ; V4 is the inlet flue gas flow rate, Nm 3 / h; C 10 is the outlet flue gas pollutant concentration, mg / Nm 3 ; V5 is the outlet flue gas flow rate, Nm 3 / h; Sc is the pollutant that can be adsorbed by unit activated carbon, determined by laboratory, %.

[0129] When the material level is abnormally low in the third category, the unloading frequency of the unloader increases by n1G t Increasing the amount of new carbon added will increase the flow rate of activated carbon, which will increase the amount of wear during the flow. In order to ensure that the pollutants in the adsorption tower meet the emission standards, the activated carbon needs to maintain a normal supply. The flow rate of activated carbon is positively correlated with the amount of wear. The amount of activated carbon worn during the flow of the adsorption tower module △M should be less than the maximum amount of new carbon added to the module M h , the corresponding relationship between the frequency of material discharge at the bottom of the adsorption tower is:

[0130] G n+n1G t ≤G m , and G0<G m (25)

[0131] In the formula, G n is the current feeding frequency of the system, Hz; G t is the minimum control unit of the discharge frequency of the bottom discharger, Hz; G m is the feeding frequency corresponding to the maximum amount of new carbon added, Hz; there is a linear correspondence between the amount of activated carbon worn away during the flow of the adsorption tower module △M and the module feeding frequency, which can be obtained from production; n1 is a non-zero natural number; n2 is a non-zero natural number.

[0132] Set the alarm clearing interval to If the interval between two adjacent alarms is t, < t0, it is judged as an abnormal material level, and the above steps are repeated for abnormal high and low material levels for judgment and processing; wherein T0 is the time required for a cyclic feeding of all adsorption tower modules.

[0133] Example 1

[0134] The present invention provides a method for judging and processing abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, comprising the following steps:

[0135] At a certain moment, the calculated adsorption tower A series No. 1 adsorption tower ρ1 = 2.23g / cm 3 , V0=25m 3 , V1=10m 3 , C1=292.1J / K, T1=120℃, M3=5t, C3=136.5J / K, T3=100℃, M4=33.45t, C4=292.1J / K, T4=100℃;

[0136] The T2 temperature is between 120℃-140℃, and the coefficient is an integer of 10.

[0137]

[0138] According to formula (15), we can calculate T2 = 130.15 °C, T 01 =150℃,V t1 =0.51℃ / min, then according to formula (16) t1=39min, according to formula (17) the low material level hourly alarm rate of adsorption tower A series No. 1 adsorption tower is F1=0.65;

[0139] The temperature of the silo discharger T a1 =145℃, T b1 =157℃ low material level hourly alarm interval value F a1 =0.49, F b1=0.88, F a1 <F1≤F b1 , it is judged as a low material level warning, the system sets the tower top feeding frequency G2 = 10Hz, the system sets the unloading frequency G0 = 6Hz, then the tower top feeding speed is increased by 1Hz, if the low material level hourly alarm rate F1 in the next hour is less than 0.5, it is judged that the adsorption tower material level has returned to normal.

[0140] If the low material level hourly alarm rate in the next hour is 0.49<F1≤0.88, the feeding speed at the top of the tower is adjusted to increase by 2Hz.

[0141] If the low material level hourly alarm rate in the next hour is F1 = 0.92 (0.88 < F1 ≤ 1), and the material discharge frequency increases k = 0.3, it is judged as the first type of abnormal material level. The minimum activated carbon flow rate V that meets the requirements for pollutant removal is obtained by collecting and calculating the working condition data. L =20t / h, corresponding to the feeding frequency G a =5Hz, the current feeding frequency is G n =7.5Hz, the feeding frequency is reduced by nG t ≤2.5Hz, adjust the feeding frequency to reduce 1.2Hz, and at the same time increase the feeding speed of the feeder on the top of the tower by 1Hz to ensure the normal amount of activated carbon circulating in the adsorption tower;

[0142] If the low material level hourly alarm rate in the next hour is F1=0.92 (0.88<F1≤1), and the material unloading frequency decreases in trend k=-0.3, it is judged as the second type of abnormal material level. It is judged that the system activated carbon circulation volume is insufficient and new carbon should be added in time.

[0143] Example 2

[0144] The present invention provides a method for judging and processing abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, comprising the following steps:

[0145] At a certain moment, the calculated adsorption tower A series No. 5 adsorption tower ρ2 = 2.23g / cm 3 , V2=100m 3 , V3=90m 3 , C5=292.1J / K, T5=130℃, M6=100t, C6=136.5J / K, M7=22.3t, C7=136.5J / K; T8=100℃, M8=22.3t, C8=292.1J / K.

[0146] The T6 temperature is between 80℃-100℃, and the coefficient is an integer of 2.

[0147]

[0148] According to formula (18), we can calculate T6 = 85.7 °C, T02 =76℃,V t1 =0.20℃ / min, and then according to formula (19), t2=48.5min, the hourly alarm rate of high material level of adsorption tower A series No. 5 adsorption tower is F2=0.81,

[0149] The system denitrification rate T a2 =79.9℃, T b2 =74.3℃determined high material level hourly alarm interval value F a2 =0.48, F b2 =0.95, F a2 <F2≤F b2 , it is judged as a high material level warning, the system sets the tower top feeding frequency G2=10Hz, the system sets the unloading frequency G0=6Hz, then the tower top feeding speed is reduced by 1Hz, if the high material level hourly alarm rate F2 in the next hour is less than 0.48, it is judged that the adsorption tower material level has returned to normal.

[0150] If the high material level hourly alarm rate in the next hour is 0.48<F2≤0.95, the tower top feeding speed is adjusted to be reduced by 2Hz.

[0151] If the high material level hourly alarm rate in the next hour is F2 = 0.96 (0.95 < F1 ≤ 1), and the material unloading frequency decreases in the trend k = -0.2, it is judged as the third type of abnormal material level, and the maximum amount of new carbon added to the adsorption tower module is M h The corresponding maximum feeding frequency is G m =8Hz, current feeding frequency G n =5Hz, the feeding frequency increases by nG t ≤3Hz, adjust the feeding frequency to increase 1.8Hz, reduce the top feeding speed by 1Hz to ensure the normal amount of activated carbon circulating in the adsorption tower.

[0152] If the high material level hourly alarm rate in the next hour is F2=0.96 (0.95<F1≤1), and the material discharge frequency increases with a trend of k=0.2, it is judged as the fourth type of abnormal material level, and the activated carbon is judged to be blocked. Manually adjust the long axis to discharge the material, and at the same time check the hot spot information of the adsorption layer to avoid hot spot hazards.

[0153] Example 3

[0154] The present invention provides a method for judging and processing abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, comprising the following steps:

[0155] After the low material level alarm of adsorption tower No. 2 in series A was eliminated, the low material level alarm reappeared at t,=3min. The time required for a cyclic feeding of all adsorption tower modules is T0=60min, then t0=6min, t,<t0, and it is judged that an abnormally low material level occurs.

[0156] If the feeding frequency increases k = 0.5, it is judged as the first type of abnormal material level. The system sets the tower top feeding frequency G2 = 10Hz, the system sets the feeding frequency G0 = 8Hz, and the operating data collection and calculation obtains the minimum activated carbon flow rate V that meets the requirements for pollutant removal. l =25t / h, corresponding to the feeding frequency G a =6Hz, the current feeding frequency is G n =7.5Hz, the feeding frequency is reduced by nG t ≤1.5Hz, the feeding speed at the top of the tower is increased by 1Hz, and the feeding frequency is adjusted to be reduced by 0.8Hz to ensure the normal amount of activated carbon circulating in the adsorption tower;

[0157] If the material unloading frequency decreases with a trend of k = -0.3, it is judged as the second type of abnormal material level, and the system activated carbon circulation volume is judged to be insufficient, and new carbon should be added in time.

[0158] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for judging abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, the adsorption tower comprising a silo, a feeder, a discharger and an adsorption zone, the silo is filled with activated carbon, located at the upper part of the adsorption zone, and is respectively provided with a low material level alarm line and a high material level alarm line, the feeder is located at the top of the silo, the discharger is located at the bottom of the silo, after the sintering flue gas completes the adsorption treatment in the adsorption zone, it enters the silo to preheat the activated carbon and then is discharged from the adsorption tower, and the preheated activated carbon enters the adsorption zone through the discharger; characterized in that, include: (1) Detecting and calculating the heat generated in the silo, the heat consumed and discharged in the silo: the heat generated in the silo includes the heat brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas; the heat consumed and discharged in the silo includes the heat of the silo, the heat adsorbed by the activated carbon in the silo, and the heat brought out by the flue gas when it is discharged from the silo; based on the principle of heat balance, that is, based on the fact that the heat brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas is equal to the heat consumed and discharged by the silo, the temperature T2 of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line is calculated; Then, the low material level hourly alarm time t1 is calculated by formula (16), and the low material level hourly alarm rate F1 is calculated by formula (17); in, When F1≤F a1 When F a1 <F1≤F b1 It is a low material level warning; when F1>F b1 It is an abnormal low material level warning; among them, F a1 is the minimum low material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the minimum operating temperature T of the unloader a1 Low material level hourly alarm rate under b1 is the maximum low material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the unloader's tolerance temperature T b1 Hourly alarm rate of low material level; Where, T2 is the temperature of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; t1 is the low material level hourly alarm time; F1 is the low material level hourly alarm rate; T a1 is the minimum operating temperature of the discharger; F a1 is the minimum low material level hourly alarm rate; T b1 F is the tolerance temperature of the discharger; b1 V is the maximum low material level hourly alarm rate; t1 is the heating rate of activated carbon, measured in the laboratory; T 01 The real-time temperature of activated carbon in the silo; (2) Detect and calculate the heat generated in the adsorption zone, the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone, the heat generated in the adsorption zone includes the heat brought into the adsorption zone by the sintering flue gas and the heat brought into the adsorption zone by the activated carbon; the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone includes the heat of the activated carbon heated by the flue gas and the heat carried out by the flue gas discharged from the silo; based on the principle of heat balance, that is, based on the heat generated in the adsorption zone being equal to the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone, calculate the temperature T6 of the activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, and then calculate the high material level hourly alarm time by formula (19), and calculate the high material level hourly alarm rate by formula (20); wherein, When F a2 ≥F2 is the normal material level; when F a2 <F2≤F b2 It is a high material level warning; when F2>F b2 is an abnormally high material level warning; among them, F a2 is the minimum high material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the optimal temperature T determined by the denitrification rate a2 High material level hourly alarm rate under F b2 is the maximum high material level hourly alarm rate, corresponding to the temperature T that meets the denitrification requirements b2 Hourly alarm rate of high material level under Where, T6 is the temperature of activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; t2 is the high material level hourly alarm time; F2 is the high material level hourly alarm rate; T a2 The optimal temperature for the denitrification rate, measured in the laboratory; F a2 is the minimum high material level hourly alarm rate; T b2 The temperature required to meet the denitrification requirement is measured by the laboratory; F b2 V is the maximum high material level hourly alarm rate; t2 is the cooling rate of activated carbon, measured in the laboratory; T 02 It is the real-time temperature of activated carbon in the adsorption zone.

2. The method for determining abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: In (1), the calculation process of the temperature T2 of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line is as follows: the heat Q1 brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas, the heat Q generated in the silo 入1 =Q1(1); The heat of the silo Q2, the heat adsorbed by the activated carbon in the silo Q3, the heat taken out by the flue gas from the silo Q4, the heat consumed and discharged by the silo Q 出1 =Q2+Q3+Q4(2); Using Q 入1 =Q 出1 Calculate the temperature T2 of the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; Among them, the heat brought into the silo by the sintering flue gas is Q1=M1×C1×T1(3); M1=ρ1×(V0-V1) (4) Wherein, M1 is the mass of sintering flue gas entering the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; C1 is the heat capacity of sintering flue gas, measured by the laboratory; T1 is the temperature of sintering flue gas entering the silo; ρ1 is the density of sintering flue gas when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; V0 is the volume of the silo; V1 is the volume of activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; The heat of the silo is Q2 = M1 × C1 × T2 (5); The heat adsorbed by the activated carbon in the silo is Q3 = M3 × C3 × T3 (6); The heat brought out by the smoke from the silo is Q4 = M4 × C4 × T4 (7); In the formula, M3 is the mass of the heated activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; C3 is the heat capacity of the activated carbon when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, measured by the laboratory; T3 is the temperature of the activated carbon when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; M4 is the mass of the sintering flue gas discharged from the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line; C4 is the heat capacity of the sintering flue gas when the material level is at the low material level alarm line, measured by the laboratory; T4 is the temperature of the sintering flue gas discharged from the silo when the material level is at the low material level alarm line.

3. The method for determining abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation process of (2) the temperature T6 of the activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the high material level alarm line is: The heat brought into the adsorption zone by the sintering flue gas is Q5, the heat brought into the adsorption zone by the activated carbon is Q6, and the heat generated in the adsorption zone is Q 入2 =Q5+Q6(8); The heat of activated carbon heated by sintering flue gas Q7, the heat taken out by sintering flue gas from the adsorption zone Q8, the heat consumed and discharged in the adsorption zone Q 出2 =Q7+Q8(9); Using Q 入2 =Q 出2 Calculate the temperature T6 of the activated carbon in the silo when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; The heat brought into the adsorption zone by the sintering flue gas is Q5=M5×C5×T5(10) M5=ρ2×(V2-V3) (11) The heat brought into the adsorption zone by the activated carbon is Q6 = M6 × C6 × T6 (12) Wherein, M5 is the mass of sintering flue gas entering the adsorption zone; C5 is the heat capacity of sintering flue gas entering the adsorption zone, measured by the laboratory; T5 is the temperature of sintering flue gas entering the adsorption zone; ρ2 is the density of sintering flue gas when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; V2 is the volume of the adsorption zone; V3 is the volume of activated carbon in the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; M6 is the mass of activated carbon entering the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; C6 is the heat capacity of activated carbon when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, measured by the laboratory; Heat of activated carbon heated by sintering flue gas Q 7＝ M6×C7×(T8-T6)(13); The heat brought out by the smoke from the silo is Q8 = M8 × C8 × T8 (14); In the formula, C7 is the heat capacity of the activated carbon heated by the sintering flue gas when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, which is measured by the laboratory; M8 is the mass of the sintering flue gas discharged from the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line; C8 is the heat capacity of the sintering flue gas when the material level is at the high material level alarm line, which is measured by the laboratory; T8 is the temperature of the sintering flue gas discharged from the adsorption zone when the material level is at the high material level alarm line.

4. The method for determining abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abnormal low material level warning includes the first type of abnormal material level or the second type of abnormal material level; or, The abnormally high material level warning includes the third type of abnormal material level or the fourth type of abnormal material level.

5. The method for determining abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first type of abnormal material level: F1>F b1 and k ≥ 0; or, The second type of abnormal material level: F1>F b1 And k<0; Wherein, k is the slope of the material feeding frequency change curve, 0≤|k|≤1.

6. The method for determining abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third type of abnormal material level: F2>F b2 and k≤0; or, The fourth type of abnormal material level: F2>F b2 And k>0; Wherein, k is the slope of the material feeding frequency change curve, 0≤|k|≤1.

7. The method for judging abnormal discharge of activated carbon adsorption tower according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Set the alarm interval to The interval between two adjacent alarms t ， <t0, it is judged as abnormal material level; Where t0 is the alarm interval, min; t ， is the actual interval between two adjacent alarms, min; T0 is the time required for one cycle of activated carbon feeding in the adsorption zone, min.

8. A method for treating abnormal discharge of an activated carbon adsorption tower, characterized in that: The abnormality of the activated carbon adsorption tower discharge is determined by the determination method described in any one of claims 1 to 7 and then processed.

9. The processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The abnormality is a low material level warning, and the feeding speed of the top of the silo is increased by nG1; or, The abnormality is a high material level warning, and the feeding speed at the top of the silo is reduced by nG1; Wherein, G1 is the minimum control unit of the activated carbon feeding frequency of the feeder located at the top of the silo tower, Hz; n is a non-zero natural number.

10. The processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the abnormality is an abnormally low material level warning, the abnormally low material level warning is the first type of abnormal material level, and the unloading speed of the unloader is adjusted to reduce n1G t , the feeding speed of the top feeder is increased by n2G1, and G n -n1G t ≥G a , G0>G a ;or, The abnormally low material level warning is the second type of abnormal material level, and new charcoal is added; or, When the abnormality is an abnormally high material level warning, the abnormally high material level warning is the third type of abnormal material level, and the discharge frequency of the unloader is increased by n1G. t , the feeding speed of the top feeder is reduced by n2G1, and G n +n1G t ≤G m , G0<G m ;or, The abnormally high material level warning is the fourth type of abnormal material level. Manually adjust the long axis to unload the material, and check the hot spot information of activated carbon in the adsorption area at the same time; In the formula, G t is the minimum control unit of the discharge frequency of the bottom discharger, Hz; G n is the current feeding frequency of the system, Hz; G0 is the set feeding frequency of the system, Hz; G a Set the minimum feeding frequency for the system, Hz; G m is the feeding frequency corresponding to the maximum amount of new charcoal added, Hz; n1 is a non-zero natural number; n2 is a non-zero natural number.

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