Energy-saving conversion hydrogen production device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hydrogen production devices, and discloses an energy-saving reforming hydrogen production device, comprising: a reformer, a steam generator, a first heat exchange device, a second heat exchange device and an adiabatic reactor, wherein the reformer is connected to the steam generator, a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline are connected between the steam generator and the adiabatic reactor, the first heat exchange device is connected to the first branch pipeline, and the second heat exchange device is connected to the second branch pipeline, the reformed gas generated by the reformer is cooled once by the steam generator, and the reformed gas passing through the steam generator is cooled twice in the first heat exchange device or the second heat exchange device, the temperature of the gas after the reaction is low, which is more conducive to the conversion of carbon monoxide into hydrogen, thereby improving the hydrogen conversion rate of the overall device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen production devices, and in particular to an energy-saving conversion hydrogen production device. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen production device is a device used to produce hydrogen. It uses high-temperature steam to convert hydrocarbons such as natural gas into hydrogen and carbon dioxide. This is currently the most commonly used method of hydrogen production in industry.

[0003] The above hydrogen production method will face the following difficulties: Please refer to the attached figure of the specification Figure 1 The high-temperature reformed gas (800+℃) at the outlet of the reformer tube of the existing hydrogen production device is sent to the steam generator for cooling. The steam generator has a built-in cooling function. The temperature of the gas output after the reformed gas reacts in the steam generator is 320-340℃, and the outlet of the steam generator is equipped with a temperature control valve for control. The gas output by the steam generator then enters the adiabatic reactor, which heats the reaction gas. Finally, the outlet temperature of the adiabatic reactor reaches about 400℃. The intermediate change reaction is conducive to the production of hydrogen only when the temperature is low, so it is necessary to cool down.

[0004] Since the steam generator needs to have a temperature control function, the complexity and cost of the equipment are greatly increased. Secondly, the steam generator must reduce the temperature of the conversion gas (800+℃) and the reacted gas to 200-400℃ before it can be transported to the adiabatic reactor. This large temperature change will cause thermal stress in the material, causing cracks or deformation in the equipment and thus damaging the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving conversion hydrogen production device to solve the above problems. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] An energy-saving reforming hydrogen production device comprises: a reforming furnace, a steam generator, a first heat exchange device, a second heat exchange device and an adiabatic reactor, wherein the reforming furnace is connected to the steam generator, a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline are connected between the steam generator and the adiabatic reactor, the first heat exchange device is connected to the first branch pipeline, and the second heat exchange device is connected to the second branch pipeline, the reformed gas generated by the reforming furnace is cooled once by the steam generator, and the reformed gas passing through the steam generator is cooled twice in the first heat exchange device or the second heat exchange device;

[0007] It also includes a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet of the first heat exchange device and the water inlet of the second heat exchange device are respectively connected to the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet of the first heat exchange device and the water outlet of the second heat exchange device are respectively connected to the water outlet pipe;

[0008] It also includes a vertical water wheel, a water storage tank and a water pump. The water storage tank is provided with a water storage tank, the water pump is arranged in the water storage tank and the water pump is connected to a water inlet pipe, a bracket is arranged on the water storage tank, the vertical water wheel is rotatably connected to the bracket, the outlet of the water outlet pipe is arranged above the vertical water wheel, and the outlet of the water outlet pipe is arranged toward one side of the vertical water wheel;

[0009] It also includes a crank connecting rod, a guide pipe and a temperature detection mechanism. The adiabatic reactor is connected to an L-shaped pipe. The first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are respectively connected to the L-shaped pipe. The guide pipe is connected to the outside of the corner of the L-shaped pipe. The crank connecting rod includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. One end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the edge of the side of the vertical water wheel, and the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod. The other end of the second connecting rod can be slidably inserted into the guide pipe. The temperature detection mechanism is arranged in the guide pipe and connected to the other end of the crank connecting rod. The L-shaped pipe is provided with an opening to accommodate the temperature detection mechanism. A cover plate is hinged on the inner wall of the L-shaped pipe, and the opening is covered by the cover plate.

[0010] Preferably, the first branch pipeline and the second branch pipeline are respectively provided with a first valve and a second valve, the first valve is arranged between the steam generator and the first heat exchange device, and the second valve is arranged between the steam generator and the second heat exchange device.

[0011] Preferably, the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device are arranged above the steam generator.

[0012] Preferably, the L-shaped pipe comprises a transverse section and a longitudinal section, and the opening is arranged on the longitudinal section and is located in front of the center of the transverse section.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the reformed gas generated by the reforming furnace is cooled once by the steam generator, and the reformed gas passing through the steam generator is cooled twice by the first heat exchange device or the second heat exchange device, thereby avoiding a one-time drastic temperature reduction. The gas temperature after the reaction is low, which is more conducive to the conversion of carbon monoxide into hydrogen, thereby improving the hydrogen conversion rate of the overall device.

[0014] The high-temperature conversion gas is diverted into the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device through the pipeline, which can not only greatly reduce the burden of a single heat exchanger, but also increase the residence time of the gas in each heat exchanger, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, so that the gas temperature can be effectively reduced to the required range. Secondly, it can reduce pressure drop and energy consumption: since the gas flow is distributed to two parallel pipelines, the gas flow rate processed in each heat exchanger decreases, thereby significantly reducing the pressure drop of the system. This design optimizes the stability of gas flow, reduces the load on the compressor, and ensures efficient operation of the system.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. Of course, it is not necessary to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time to implement any product or method of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing hydrogen production device.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is another structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a crank connecting rod of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A.

[0022] In the figure: 1. converter; 2. steam generator; 3. adiabatic reactor; 4. first heat exchange device; 5. second heat exchange device; 6. vertical water wheel; 7. crank connecting rod; 8. water pump; 9. water storage tank; 10. water inlet pipe; 11. water outlet pipe; 12. guide pipe; 13. L-shaped pipe; 14. temperature detection mechanism; 15. cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] See also Figure 1-5 The hydrogen production method involved in the present invention is steam reforming. Steam reforming is one of the most common hydrogen production methods, especially natural gas hydrogen production. Its core reaction is the reaction of methane (or other light hydrocarbon gases) with high-temperature water vapor to generate hydrogen and carbon monoxide under the action of a catalyst (such as a nickel-based catalyst).

[0026] The existing reformer 1 reacts hydrocarbons with water vapor at high temperature to generate reformed gas, which is then transported to the steam generator 2. The steam generator 2 cools the reformed gas (800+℃) and the reacted gas to 200-400℃ before being transported to the adiabatic reactor 3. Due to this large temperature change, thermal stress will be generated in the material, resulting in cracks or deformation of the equipment and damage to the equipment. Therefore, please refer to Figure 1-5 The present invention provides an embodiment to solve the above technical problems, specifically comprising: a reformer 1, a steam generator 2, a first heat exchange device 4, a second heat exchange device 5 and an adiabatic reactor 3, the reformer 1 is connected to the steam generator 2, a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe are connected between the steam generator 2 and the adiabatic reactor 3, the first heat exchange device 4 is connected to the first branch pipe, and the second heat exchange device 5 is connected to the second branch pipe;

[0027] By arranging the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5 to cooperate with the steam generator 2 to cool the reformed gas multiple times, it is avoided that the temperature of the reaction gas is reduced significantly at one time, thereby affecting the relevant reaction equipment. Among them, the steam generator 2 can indirectly affect the temperature of the reformed gas by adjusting the working conditions. Although it is not a device specially designed to directly adjust the temperature of the reformed gas, the main function of the steam generator 2 is to heat water and convert it into steam, so it can change the temperature and pressure of the output steam. In this embodiment, the temperature of the reformed gas can be adjusted by the steam generator 2 during the reaction of the reformed gas entering the steam generator 2, that is, the reformed gas is cooled for the first time;

[0028] The reformed gas or reaction gas outputted by the steam generator 2 is outputted to the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5 for a second cooling. It is understandable that, when the reformer 1 produces high-temperature reformed gas, the gas flow rate is extremely large and needs to be reduced to a precise specific temperature range (e.g., 210-250°C) before entering the adiabatic reactor 3. If the gas temperature cannot be reduced to an appropriate range in a short time, the reaction efficiency in the reactor will be low, and even by-products may be produced, affecting the final hydrogen purity;

[0029] However, in the face of a large flow of high-temperature gas, although technical personnel in this field can think of using a heat exchanger to cool it down, a single heat exchanger is often difficult to meet the needs of precise temperature control and heat load distribution, which is specifically reflected in: insufficient heat exchange efficiency. Due to the limited heat exchange area, a single heat exchanger cannot fully reduce the gas temperature at a high gas flow rate, resulting in a high temperature of the converted gas when it enters the downstream reactor, affecting the reaction efficiency; excessive pressure drop. A single heat exchanger's treatment of a large flow of gas will cause a serious pressure drop, which not only increases the energy consumption of the system, but may also cause unstable gas flow and affect the operation of subsequent equipment; equipment overload risk. High-temperature, high-flow gas will impose excessive heat load on a single heat exchanger, causing the equipment to face problems of overheating and material fatigue in long-term operation, resulting in its service life being shortened and posing safety hazards;

[0030] Under the above premise, the use of the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5 in parallel becomes a necessary solution to meet these stringent requirements. The high-temperature conversion gas is diverted into two heat exchangers through the pipeline, which can divert the gas. This can not only greatly reduce the burden of a single heat exchanger, but also increase the residence time of the gas in each heat exchanger, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, so that the gas temperature can be effectively reduced to the required range. Secondly, it can reduce pressure drop and energy consumption: because the gas flow is distributed to two parallel pipelines, the gas flow rate processed in each heat exchanger decreases, thereby significantly reducing the pressure drop of the system. This design optimizes the stability of gas flow, reduces the load of the compressor, and ensures the efficient operation of the system.

[0031] Preferably, the first branch pipeline and the second branch pipeline are respectively configured with valves to flexibly respond to gas flow fluctuations: since the gas flow in the hydrogen production process often fluctuates greatly, the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5 can be set to flexibly respond to flow changes. Under low flow conditions, one of the heat exchangers can be closed to save resources; under high flow conditions, the two heat exchangers work together to ensure the accuracy and stability of gas temperature regulation.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5 are both shell and tube heat exchangers, the water inlet of the first heat exchange device 4 and the water inlet of the second heat exchange device 5 are connected with a water inlet pipe 10, the water outlet of the first heat exchange device 4 and the water outlet of the second heat exchange device 5 are connected with a water outlet pipe 11, and water is used as the medium, and water flows from the water inlet pipe 10 into the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5, and flows out through the water outlet pipe 11 after completing the heat exchange;

[0033] Considering that the reformed gas delivered after the reaction of the steam generator 2 is discharged upward, the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5 are arranged above the steam generator 2, so that the reformed gas after the reaction of the steam generator 2 can efficiently enter the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5 to participate in heat exchange;

[0034] In some embodiments, it also includes a vertical water wheel 6, a water storage tank 9 and a water pump 8. The water storage tank 9 is provided with a water storage tank, the water pump 8 is arranged in the water storage tank and the water pump 8 is connected to the water inlet pipe 10, a bracket is mounted on the water storage tank, the vertical water wheel 6 is rotatably connected to the bracket, the outlet of the water outlet pipe 11 is arranged above the vertical water wheel 6, and the water outlet pipe 11 is arranged biased to any side of the vertical water wheel 6. It can be understood that the water after heat exchange has a high temperature itself, so it needs to be separated from the water outlet pipe 11 as soon as possible to contact with the outside air to complete cooling. However, since the heat exchange cooling is required for the high-temperature conversion gas, this requires a fast water flow rate and a large flow rate. Combined with the above-mentioned setting of the water outlet pipe 11, the water ejected from the water outlet pipe 11 will also be affected by the acceleration of gravity and directly impact the water storage tank 9. This direct impact will easily damage the water storage tank 9. For this reason, it is necessary to set a buffering mechanism between the water storage tank 9 and the water outlet pipe 11. This embodiment sets the vertical water wheel 6 as the above-mentioned buffering mechanism;

[0035] Although the secondary cooling of the converted gas can be achieved by setting up the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5, the gas after the reaction through the steam generator 2 is not controllable when entering the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe, resulting in uneven distribution of gas flow or heat load between the first heat exchange device 4 and the second heat exchange device 5, which may cause some heat exchangers to have too high or too low efficiency, thereby affecting the overall temperature control effect. Preferably, it also includes a crank connecting rod 7, a guide pipe 12 and a temperature detection mechanism 14, the adiabatic reactor 3 is connected to an L-shaped pipe 13, the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are respectively connected to the L-shaped pipe 13, the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are connected to the adiabatic reactor 3 through the L-shaped pipe 13, and the guide pipe 12 is connected to the outside of the corner of the L-shaped pipe 13, and one end of the crank connecting rod 7 is hinged to the edge of the side of the vertical water wheel 6 , the other end of the crank connecting rod 7 can be slidably inserted into the guide tube 12, the temperature detection mechanism 14 is arranged in the guide tube 12 and connected to the other end of the crank connecting rod 7, and the L-shaped pipe 13 is provided with an opening to accommodate the temperature detection mechanism 14. Specifically, the crank connecting rod 7 includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the edge of the side of the vertical water wheel 6, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod, and the other end of the second connecting rod can be slidably inserted into the guide tube 12 (the inner channel in the guide tube 12 for inserting the second connecting rod matches the shape and size of the second connecting rod), the temperature detection mechanism 14 is arranged in the guide tube 12 and connected to the other end of the crank connecting rod 7; when the temperature detection mechanism 14 passes through the opening, the gap between the temperature detection mechanism 14 and the inner wall of the opening is matched, and the gap between the temperature detection mechanism 14 and the inner wall of the opening does not exceed 1 mm;

[0036] The specific operating principle is:

[0037] The water flow after heat exchange flows out from the water outlet pipe 11, and the high-speed water flow (affected by gravity acceleration at the same time) impacts on either side of the vertical water wheel 6. The vertical water wheel 6 starts to rotate slowly clockwise or counterclockwise under the impact of the water flow. The vertical water wheel 6 drives the first connecting rod to rotate during the rotation. Since the vertical water wheel 6 is hinged to the first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod is hinged to the second connecting rod, the first connecting rod will drive the second connecting rod and the temperature detection mechanism 14 (in the guide tube) to do lateral reciprocating motion during the rotation, and the temperature detection mechanism 14 will pass through the opening of the L-shaped pipe 13 and enter the L-shaped pipe 13 during the forward movement. At this time, the temperature detection mechanism 14 is located at the center of the L-shaped pipe 13, and the temperature detection mechanism 14 detects the temperature of the conversion gas in the L-shaped pipe 13. Since the temperature detection mechanism 14 is located at the center of the L-shaped pipe 13, the data detected by the temperature detection mechanism 14 is relatively accurate. Preferably, the temperature detection mechanism 14 includes a thermocouple;

[0038] It can be understood that in the pipeline of the L-shaped pipeline 13, the high-temperature water vapor in the conversion gas is highly corrosive, especially in an environment containing oxygen. The material of the thermocouple may be corroded by the high-temperature water vapor, especially the K-type thermocouple (nickel-chromium-nickel-silicon). Long-term exposure to steam will cause oxidation and corrosion, thereby affecting its accuracy and life. Therefore, the temperature detection mechanism 14 of this embodiment, under the drive of the crank connecting rod 7, will not stay in the pipeline of the L-shaped pipeline 13 for a long time, but intermittently enters the pipeline of the L-shaped pipeline 13 for detection. The advantage of this approach is that it not only protects the thermocouple, but also ensures that the temperature detection mechanism 14 will not have too much impact on the transmission efficiency of the conversion gas.

[0039] In some embodiments, a cover plate 15 is hinged on the inner wall of the L-shaped pipe 13. By default, the cover plate 15 will cover the opening. When the crank connecting rod 7 drives the temperature detection mechanism 14 to move forward, the temperature detection mechanism 14 will pass through the opening of the L-shaped pipe 13 and push open the cover plate 15 and then enter the L-shaped pipe 13. When the crank connecting rod 7 drives the temperature detection mechanism 14 to push back, the cover plate 15 will be pressed by the pressure of the conversion gas transmitted in the L-shaped pipe 13 to close the opening.

[0040] Preferably, the vertical water wheel 6 includes a plurality of annularly distributed supporting plates, the supporting plates are L-shaped, and a groove is provided on the inner side of the supporting plates. After the water flows out of the water outlet pipe 11, it can directly fall into the groove. By providing the groove on the supporting plate, it is beneficial to dissipate the heat of the water flow, and it is also convenient to drive the vertical water wheel 6.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in this document are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0042] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving conversion hydrogen production device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reformer, a steam generator, a first heat exchange device, a second heat exchange device and an adiabatic reactor, wherein the reformer is connected to the steam generator, a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe are connected between the steam generator and the adiabatic reactor, the first heat exchange device is connected to the first branch pipe, the second heat exchange device is connected to the second branch pipe, the reformed gas generated by the reformer is cooled once by the steam generator, and the reformed gas passing through the steam generator is cooled twice by the first heat exchange device or the second heat exchange device; It also includes a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet of the first heat exchange device and the water inlet of the second heat exchange device are respectively connected to the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet of the first heat exchange device and the water outlet of the second heat exchange device are respectively connected to the water outlet pipe; It also includes a vertical water wheel, a water storage tank and a water pump. The water storage tank is provided with a water storage tank, the water pump is arranged in the water storage tank and the water pump is connected to a water inlet pipe, a bracket is arranged on the water storage tank, the vertical water wheel is rotatably connected to the bracket, the outlet of the water outlet pipe is arranged above the vertical water wheel, and the outlet of the water outlet pipe is arranged toward one side of the vertical water wheel; It also includes a crank connecting rod, a guide pipe and a temperature detection mechanism. The adiabatic reactor is connected to an L-shaped pipe. The first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are respectively connected to the L-shaped pipe. The guide pipe is connected to the outside of the corner of the L-shaped pipe. The crank connecting rod includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. One end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the edge of the side of the vertical water wheel, and the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod. The other end of the second connecting rod can be slidably inserted into the guide pipe. The temperature detection mechanism is arranged in the guide pipe and connected to the other end of the crank connecting rod. The L-shaped pipe is provided with an opening to accommodate the temperature detection mechanism. A cover plate is hinged on the inner wall of the L-shaped pipe, and the opening is covered by the cover plate.

2. An energy-saving conversion hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first branch pipeline and the second branch pipeline are respectively provided with a first valve and a second valve. The first valve is arranged between the steam generator and the first heat exchange device, and the second valve is arranged between the steam generator and the second heat exchange device.

3. An energy-saving conversion hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first heat exchanging device and the second heat exchanging device are disposed above the steam generator.

4. An energy-saving conversion hydrogen production device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The L-shaped pipe comprises a transverse section and a longitudinal section, and the opening is arranged on the longitudinal section and is located in front of the center of the transverse section.

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