Adjustable laser processing head filtering device
By introducing adjustable light-through hole position and cooling function into the laser processing head filter device, the inefficiency and overheating of the optical path system caused by mismatch in the divergence angle of the laser are solved, and the adaptation of the laser processing head and multiple lasers is realized. and efficient heat dissipation improve product quality and equipment reliability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411365869.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
AI Technical Summary
The filter device of existing laser processing heads has a fixed aperture size, and cannot be adapted to lasers of different brands and the same brand and different specifications, resulting in the optical path system being unable to achieve the optimal, reducing the laser utilization rate or causing the laser processing head to heat up, affecting product quality .
An adjustable laser processing head filter device is designed. By setting adjustment components in the filter, including adjustment cam and locking structure, the position of the light hole is adjusted, which meets the divergence angle requirements of different lasers, and filters in the filtering process. Cooling is added to the optical device to avoid overheating.
The laser processing head is fully matched with different lasers, which improves the beam quality and laser utilization rate, avoids overheating, extends the service life of the equipment and improves the quality of the product processing.
Smart Images
Figure CN119187836A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing equipment, and in particular to an adjustable laser processing head filter device. Background Art
[0002] The divergence angle is one of the performance parameters of the laser, which refers to the angle at which the laser beam spreads outward from its minimum cross section (beam waist). As one of the important components of the laser processing head, the filter device is used in conjunction with the laser. When used, the light hole of the filter device needs to match the laser divergence angle so that the optical path system can meet the requirements.
[0003] With the continuous development of laser processing technology, there are more and more laser manufacturers. The divergence angles of lasers from different laser manufacturers are often inconsistent and vary greatly. The divergence angles of lasers of the same specifications from the same manufacturer also vary. However, the aperture size of the filter device of the existing laser processing head is fixed and the position cannot be adjusted. This results in a laser processing head that cannot adapt to lasers of different brands. Different laser processing heads need to be matched according to lasers with different divergence angles, resulting in a large number of laser processing heads; and when adapting to lasers of the same specifications from the same manufacturer, due to differences in the divergence angles of the lasers, the entire optical path system cannot be optimized. When the aperture of the filter device is small, the utilization rate of the laser is reduced; when the aperture of the filter device is large, the laser processing head heats up and cannot be used for a long time, resulting in possible defects in the quality of the processed products. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides an adjustable laser processing head filter device, which effectively solves the adaptation problem of the laser processing head and different lasers by adjusting the position of the light hole and setting the cooling function.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:
[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adjustable laser processing head filter device, which comprises a fixing seat, a filter and a filter adjustment assembly; the fixing seat is open at both ends and has a cylindrical inner cavity, a cam mounting groove is provided on the outer wall, and an adjustment hole connected to the inner cavity is provided on the cam mounting groove; the outer side of the filter is adapted to the inner cavity and is provided with a pin hole, and the inner side is a through light hole, and the light hole has an annular arc-shaped convex portion; the filter adjustment assembly comprises a connecting pin, an adjustment cam adapted to the cam mounting groove, and a locking structure, the inner side surface of the adjustment cam is provided with an arc-shaped adjustment groove whose position corresponds to the adjustment hole and whose width is adapted to the diameter of the connecting pin; wherein the filter is movably arranged in the inner cavity, the adjustment cam is rotatably arranged in the cam mounting groove, one end of the connecting pin passes through the adjustment hole and is connected to the pin hole, and the other end is movably arranged in the arc-shaped adjustment groove, and the locking structure is used to fix the adjustment cam to the cam mounting groove. After the laser processing head equipped with the filter device is connected to the laser, if the laser divergence angle is not compatible with the light hole of the filter device, the position of the filter can be adjusted, and then the position of the light hole can be adjusted to meet the adaptation requirements of the laser divergence angle. When adjusting the position of the light hole of the filter device, the set screw can be loosened first, and the adjustment cam can be rotated in the cam installation groove using a wrench that matches the cam adjustment hole. The adjustment cam is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise, and the arc-shaped adjustment groove on the inner side drives the connecting pin to move forward or backward along the inner cavity in the adjustment hole opened on the cam installation groove, thereby driving the filter to move forward or backward axially, so as to change the position of the light hole, so that the light hole after the position change matches the divergence angle of the laser.
[0007] Furthermore, the locking structure includes a set screw, and a set screw hole is formed through the adjusting cam, and is fixed to the cam mounting groove by the set screw.
[0008] Furthermore, a cam adjustment hole is provided at the center of the outer side surface of the adjustment cam, and a rotating tool is inserted into the cam adjustment hole to drive the adjustment cam to rotate.
[0009] Furthermore, a scale plate mounting groove is provided on the fixed seat outside the cam mounting groove, and a matching scale plate is detachably installed in the scale plate mounting groove. A center through hole is provided in the middle of the scale plate, and angle scale lines are provided on the outside of the center through hole. A circular boss matching the center through hole is provided at the center of the outer side of the adjustment cam and is provided in the center through hole. The cam adjustment hole is provided at the center of the circular boss, and a radial pointer is provided on the circular boss, and the pointer corresponds to the angle scale line.
[0010] Furthermore, the outer surface of the filter is blackened.
[0011] Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the fixing seat and the components of the filter adjustment assembly are blackened.
[0012] Furthermore, the adjustment hole is a waist-shaped hole parallel to the axial center line of the inner cavity.
[0013] Furthermore, an annular positioning boss is arranged on the top of the fixing seat, a third sealing groove is opened on the outer side of the positioning boss, and a sealing ring is arranged in the third sealing groove.
[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of positioning holes and a first mounting hole are provided on the top of the fixing seat; a base is provided at the bottom of the fixing seat, a plurality of third mounting holes are provided on the base, and a limiting groove is provided on the inner side of the base.
[0015] In order to avoid excessive heat generation during operation of the laser processing head, the present invention can also be improved as follows: a cooling function is added to the filter device, two cooling liquid pipe holes connected to the inner cavity are provided through the lower part of the fixing seat, and an inlet pipe joint and an outlet pipe joint are respectively installed on the two cooling liquid pipe holes, and an annular arc-shaped inner concave portion is provided at the position corresponding to the arc-shaped protrusion on the outer side of the filter, and a flow channel connected to the two cooling liquid pipe holes is formed between the arc-shaped inner concave portion and the inner cavity, and a first sealing groove is provided on the filter on both sides of the arc-shaped inner concave portion, and a sealing ring is respectively provided in the two first sealing grooves to contact with the inner cavity; a second sealing groove is provided on the outer side of the adjustment cam, and a sealing ring is provided in the second sealing groove to contact with the cam installation groove. When used, the cooling liquid (such as water, oil or other cooling liquid) is sent into the flow channel from the inlet pipe joint, absorbs the heat of the filter device during operation, and then outputs from the outlet pipe joint to take away the heat, effectively dissipates the heat of the filter device, and avoids the occurrence of overheating.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the adjustable laser processing head filter device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] (1) The automatic stacking and unloading trolley of the present invention has a novel, simple and reasonable structure. By setting a filter in the inner cavity of the fixed seat and being able to axially adjust the position of the light hole, the laser processing head equipped with the filter device can be fully matched with various lasers with different divergence angles, thereby reducing the types of laser processing heads, improving the beam quality of the optical path system, improving the processing quality of the product, and improving the utilization rate of the laser.
[0018] (2) The present invention forms a cooling system by setting a flow channel between the filter and the inner cavity of the fixing seat, which can effectively dissipate the heat of the laser processing head and avoid overheating of the laser processing head, which may cause damage to components and reduce product processing quality.
[0019] (3) The present invention can effectively improve the absorption rate of the light beam by performing a blackening treatment on the filter.
[0020] (4) The present invention can effectively absorb reflected light and stray light inside the laser processing head by blackening the entire filter device, thereby improving the beam quality inside the laser processing head and preventing heat from forming inside the laser processing head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the adjustable laser processing head filter device of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the adjustable laser processing head filter device of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustable laser processing head filter device of the present invention when viewed from above;
[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the adjustable laser processing head filter device of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA section view;
[0026] Figure 6-Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing seat in different viewing angles of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 9-10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting cam in different viewing angles in the present invention;
[0028] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical filter in the present invention;
[0029] Fig.12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the optical filter of the present invention;
[0030] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the scale plate in the present invention;
[0031] Fig.14 is an exploded schematic diagram of the adjustable laser processing head filter device of the present invention;
[0032] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0033] Fig.16 The three-dimensional perspective schematic diagram of the adjustable laser processing head filter device of the present invention is
[0034] In the figure: 1, fixing seat; 12, inner cavity; 13, scale plate mounting groove; 14, cam mounting groove; 15, adjustment hole; 16, positioning boss; 17, third sealing groove; 18, first mounting hole; 19, positioning hole; 110, second mounting hole; 111, base; 112, third mounting hole; 113, coolant pipe hole; 114, limit groove; 21, inlet pipe joint; 22, outlet pipe joint; 3, filter; 31, pin hole; 32, first sealing groove; 33, arc shaped inner concave portion; 34, arc-shaped convex portion; 35, light-through hole; 4, sealing ring; 5, filter adjustment component; 51, scale plate; 52, center through hole; 53, angle scale line; 54, adjustment cam; 55, circular boss; 56, cam adjustment hole; 57, pointer; 58, set screw hole; 59, second sealing groove; 510, arc-shaped adjustment groove; 511, set screw; 512, locking screw; 513, connecting through hole; 514, connecting pin; 6, flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be the usual meanings understood by people with general skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. "Up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back" and the like used in the patent application specification and claims of the present disclosure are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly; "connected" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies of technicians in the field of this technology.
[0036] Embodiment 1:
[0037] This embodiment provides an adjustable laser processing head filter device, including a fixing seat 1, a filter 3 and a filter adjustment component 5.
[0038] The fixing seat 1 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, with openings at both ends and a cylindrical inner cavity 12. A cam mounting groove 14 is opened on one side of its outer wall. An adjustment hole 15 connected to the inner cavity 12 is opened on the cam mounting groove 14. The adjustment hole 15 is usually a waist-shaped hole parallel to the axial center line of the inner cavity 12.
[0039] The filter 3 is shaped like Fig.11 and Fig.12As shown, the outer side of the filter 3 is adapted to the inner cavity 12 and a pin hole 31 is opened on the upper part, and the inner side is a through light hole 35, and a ring-shaped arc-shaped protrusion 34 is provided at the lower part of the light hole 35. The size of the hole formed by the arc-shaped protrusion 34 is used to adjust the matching degree with the divergence angle of the laser;
[0040] The filter adjustment assembly 5 includes a locking screw 511, a connecting pin 514 and an adjustment cam 54 adapted to the cam mounting groove 14. A locking screw hole 58 is formed through the adjustment cam 54. An arc-shaped adjustment groove 510 is formed on its inner side surface and corresponds to the adjustment hole 15. A cam adjustment hole 56 is formed at the center of its outer side surface. The cam adjustment hole 56 is a regular polygon, such as a square, a regular hexagon, etc., which is convenient for rotational adjustment of the adjustment cam. In this example, a regular hexagon is used for explanation. The locking screw 511 is arranged in the locking screw hole 58 to fix the adjustment cam 54 in the cam mounting groove 14.
[0041] Among them, the filter 3 is movably arranged in the inner cavity 12, the axial center lines of the inner cavity 12 and the light-through hole 35 are on the same straight line, the adjusting cam 54 is rotatably arranged in the cam mounting groove 14 and is fixed by a set screw 511, one end of the connecting pin 514 passes through the adjusting hole 15 and is connected to the pin hole 31, and the other end is movably arranged in the arc-shaped adjusting groove 510, and the outer diameter of the connecting pin 514 is adapted to the width of the adjusting hole 15 and the arc-shaped adjusting groove 510.
[0042] When in use, the upper end of the fixing seat 1 is connected to the optical fiber interface of the laser, and the lower end is connected to the processing head. Fig.15 As shown in the figure, assuming that the divergence angle of the laser is R, the laser fiber light-emitting point emits a laser beam with a divergence angle of R, and then passes through the light-through hole 35 of the filter 3. Under normal circumstances, the edge position of the laser beam with a divergence angle of R emitted from the light-emitting point is tangent to the arc-shaped protrusion 34 inside the light-through hole 35, so that the utilization rate of the laser is the highest. If the position of the inner arc-shaped protrusion 34 is too far away from the light-emitting point, which is equivalent to the light-through hole becoming smaller, the laser beam cannot completely pass through the light-through hole, reducing the utilization rate of the laser; if the position of the inner arc-shaped protrusion 34 is too close to the light-emitting point, which is equivalent to the light-through hole becoming larger, it will cause the laser processing head to heat up and cannot be used for a long time; Fig.14 As shown, assuming that the distance from the light exit point to the center of the inner arc-shaped protrusion 34 is H, the distance between the center position of the arc-shaped protrusion 34 of the filter 3 and the light exit point can be adjusted by changing the value of H, thereby matching the divergence angle of the filter 3 with that of the laser. Fig.16As shown, first loosen the set screw 511, and use a wrench that matches the cam adjustment hole 56 to rotate the adjustment cam 54 clockwise or counterclockwise in the cam mounting groove 14 as needed. When the adjustment cam 54 rotates, the arc-shaped adjustment groove 510 on its inner side drives the connecting pin 514 to move forward or backward axially along the inner cavity 12 in the adjustment hole 15 opened on the cam mounting groove 14, thereby driving the filter 3 to move forward or backward axially, thereby changing the position of the light-transmitting hole, so that the light-transmitting hole after the change of position matches the divergence angle of the laser, that is, the H value meets the requirements. After adjustment, it can be fixed by the set screw 511.
[0043] In order to facilitate the positioning, connection and sealing of the optical fiber interface of the laser and the two ends of the fixed seat 1 of the processing head and the filter device, an annular positioning boss 16 is arranged on the top of the fixed seat 1, and a third sealing groove 17 is opened on the outer side of the positioning boss 16, and a sealing ring 4 is arranged in the third sealing groove 17. A plurality of positioning holes 19 and a first mounting hole 18 are opened on the top of the fixed seat 1; the bottom of the fixed seat 1 is arranged as a base 111, and a plurality of third mounting holes 112 are opened on the base 111, and a limiting groove 114 is opened on the inner side of the base 111. Through the arrangement of the positioning boss 16, the positioning hole 19, the limiting groove 114, etc., it is very convenient to complete the connection between the filter device and the optical fiber interface and the processing head.
[0044] In order to more intuitively observe the axial adjustment distance of the filter 3, as a further implementation method of this embodiment, a scale plate mounting groove 13 is opened on the fixing seat 1 outside the cam mounting groove 14, and a matching scale plate 51 is detachably installed in the scale plate mounting groove 13. A center through hole 52 is opened in the middle of the scale plate 51, and angle scale lines 53 are arranged on the outside of the center through hole 52. A circular boss 55 matching the center through hole 52 is arranged at the center of the outer side of the adjusting cam 54 and is arranged in the center through hole 52. The cam adjustment hole 56 is opened at the center of the circular boss 55, and a radial pointer 57 is arranged on the circular boss 55, and the pointer 57 corresponds to the angle scale line 53. When the position of the light hole 35 of the filter 3 is adjusted, the rotation arc of the adjustment cam 54 can be matched with the moving distance of the filter 3. The distance moved by the light hole can be easily known through the pointer 57 and the corresponding clockwise or counterclockwise rotation scale on the scale plate 51. The moving distance of the light hole corresponding to each unit scale on the angle scale line 53 can be obtained through experiments.
[0045] To facilitate the connection between the scale plate 51 and the fixing base 1, a plurality of connecting through holes 513 can be opened on the scale plate 51, and second mounting holes 110 are respectively opened on the scale plate mounting groove 13 at positions corresponding to each connecting through hole 513, and then the connection can be made by locking screws 512.
[0046] Embodiment 2:
[0047] On the basis of Example 1, in an adjustable laser processing head filter device of this embodiment, the outer surface of the filter 3 is blackened so that a dark (black or other dark) film is formed on the surface of the filter, which can effectively improve the absorption rate of the light beam by the filter device.
[0048] Based on the same operation as above, the outer surfaces of the fixing seat 1 and the components of the filter adjustment assembly 5 can also be further blackened, that is, the entire filtering device can be blackened. When used, it can effectively absorb the reflected light and stray light inside the laser processing head, improve the internal beam quality of the laser processing head, and prevent the internal heat of the laser processing head.
[0049] Example 3
[0050] On the basis of Example 1 or 2, an adjustable laser processing head filter device of this embodiment is provided, wherein two coolant pipe holes 113 communicating with the inner cavity 12 are provided through the lower part of the fixing seat 1, and an inlet pipe joint 21 and an outlet pipe joint 22 are respectively installed on the two coolant pipe holes 113, and an annular arcuate inner recess 33 is provided at a position corresponding to the arcuate protrusion 34 on the outer side of the filter 3, and a flow channel 6 communicating with the two coolant pipe holes 113 is formed between the arcuate inner recess 33 and the inner cavity 12, and first sealing grooves 32 are respectively provided on the filter 3 on both sides of the arcuate inner recess 33, and sealing rings 4 abutting against the inner cavity 12 are respectively provided in the two first sealing grooves 32; a second sealing groove 59 is provided on the outer side of the adjusting cam 54, and a sealing ring 4 abutting against the cam mounting groove 14 is provided in the second sealing groove 59. When in use, the coolant (such as cooling water, cooling oil or other coolant) is sent into the flow channel from the inlet pipe joint, absorbs the heat of the filter device during operation, and then outputs from the outlet pipe joint to take away the heat, effectively dissipating the heat of the filter device to avoid overheating. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that when the filter 3 moves axially, the positions of the two coolant pipe holes 113 are always between the two sealing rings 4, that is, the range of adjusting the distance of the filter 3 by adjusting the cam 54 must ensure that the edge of the flow channel 6 formed by the filter and the inner cavity 12 will never reach the position of the two coolant pipe holes 113.
Claims
1. An adjustable laser processing head filter device, characterized in that: It comprises a fixing seat (1), a filter (3) and a filter adjustment component (5); The fixing seat (1) is open at both ends and has a cylindrical inner cavity (12), and a cam mounting groove (14) is provided on its outer wall. The cam mounting groove (14) is provided with an adjustment hole (15) which is in communication with the inner cavity (12); The outer side of the optical filter (3) is adapted to the inner cavity (12) and is provided with a pin hole (31), and the inner side thereof is a through light hole (35), and the light hole (35) has an annular arc-shaped protrusion (34); The filter adjustment assembly (5) comprises a connecting pin (514), an adjustment cam (54) adapted to the cam mounting groove (14), and a locking structure; the inner side surface of the adjustment cam (54) is provided with an arc-shaped adjustment groove (510) whose position corresponds to the adjustment hole (15) and whose width is adapted to the diameter of the connecting pin (514); The optical filter (3) is movably arranged in the inner cavity (12), the adjusting cam (54) is rotatably arranged in the cam mounting groove (14), one end of the connecting pin (514) passes through the adjusting hole (15) and is connected to the pin hole (31), and the other end is movably arranged in the arc-shaped adjusting groove (510), and the adjusting cam (54) is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise, and the adjusting cam (54) drives the connecting pin (514) through its arc-shaped adjusting groove (510) to move axially forward or backward along the inner cavity (12) in the adjusting hole (15), thereby driving the optical filter (3) to move axially forward or backward.
2. The adjustable laser processing head filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking structure comprises a set screw (511), and a set screw hole (58) is provided through the adjusting cam (54), and is fixed to the cam mounting groove (14) by the set screw (511).
3. The adjustable laser processing head filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cam adjustment hole (56) is provided at the center of the outer side surface of the adjustment cam (54), and a rotating tool is inserted into the cam adjustment hole (56) to drive the adjustment cam (54) to rotate.
4. The adjustable laser processing head filter device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A scale plate mounting groove (13) is provided on the fixing seat (1) outside the cam mounting groove (14); a matching scale plate (51) is detachably mounted in the scale plate mounting groove (13); a central through hole (52) is provided in the middle of the scale plate (51); an angle scale line (53) is provided outside the central through hole (52); a circular boss (55) matching the central through hole (52) is provided at the center of the outer side of the adjustment cam (54) and is arranged in the central through hole (52); the cam adjustment hole (56) is provided at the center of the circular boss (55); a radial pointer (57) is provided on the circular boss (55); the pointer (57) corresponds to the angle scale line (53).
5. The adjustable laser processing head filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the optical filter (3) is blackened.
6. The adjustable laser processing head filter device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the components of the fixing seat (1) and the optical filter adjustment assembly (5) are treated to be black.
7. The adjustable laser processing head filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment hole (15) is a waist-shaped hole parallel to the axial center line of the inner cavity (12).
8. The adjustable laser processing head filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular positioning boss (16) is arranged on the top of the fixing seat (1), a third sealing groove (17) is provided on the outer side of the positioning boss (16), and a sealing ring (4) is arranged in the third sealing groove (17).
9. The adjustable laser processing head filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fixing seat (1) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes (19) and a first mounting hole (18); the bottom of the fixing seat (1) is provided with a base (111), the base (111) is provided with a plurality of third mounting holes (112), and a limiting groove (114) is provided on the inner side of the base (111).
10. An adjustable laser processing head filter device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The fixing seat (1) has two cooling liquid pipe holes (113) in communication with the inner cavity (12) formed through the lower part thereof, and the two cooling liquid pipe holes (113) are respectively provided with an inlet pipe joint (21) and an outlet pipe joint (22). An annular arcuate inner recess (33) is provided at a position corresponding to the arcuate protrusion (34) on the outer side of the optical filter (3), and a flow channel (6) in communication with the two cooling liquid pipe holes (113) is formed between the arcuate inner recess (33) and the inner cavity (12). The optical filter (3) is provided with first sealing grooves (32) on both sides of the arcuate inner recess (33), and sealing rings (4) in contact with the inner cavity (12) are respectively provided in the two first sealing grooves (32); a second sealing groove (59) is provided on the outer side of the adjusting cam (54), and a sealing ring (4) in contact with the cam mounting groove (14) is provided in the second sealing groove (59).