Multi-axis linkage numerical control metal cutting machine tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-axis linkage numerical control metal cutting machine tool, which relates to the field of machine tools, and adopts a plurality of contact blocks aligned with different processing stations and a micro hydraulic cylinder as a basis for providing hydraulic power for corresponding stations. The lug handles push the sliding assemblies to move along the contact blocks which are formed by the contact blocks and used for completing stable switching and alignment of the annular face to different positions, so that the clamping jaws are synchronously pressed and closed to clamp a workpiece, and stable hydraulic clamping force is provided for the multiple chuck assemblies in the state of annular station switching. The multi-station clamping spindle is used for solving the problem that workpieces are difficult to clamp in a hydraulic mode due to the fact that a multi-station clamping spindle needs to continuously and annularly replace stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of machine tools, and in particular to a multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool. Background Art

[0002] Multi-axis CNC machine tools control the coordinated movement of the workpiece clamping spindle and the tool spindle in multiple coordinate axis directions through programming. They have high degrees of freedom and flexibility and can complete the processing tasks of complex shapes and precision parts. Multi-axis CNC machine tools generally have a workpiece clamping spindle. When synchronous workpieces require multi-step cutting processing, one clamping spindle cannot meet the synchronous processing of the workpiece in each process. In order to improve the efficiency of multi-step cutting of metal workpieces, multi-position spindle machine tools have been introduced on the market. Multiple clamping spindles can fix multiple workpieces at the same time for continuous position change processing, which can speed up the processing efficiency of metal workpieces.

[0003] The clamping spindle used for metal cutting processing uses hydraulic energy to provide a stable clamping force. The hydraulic clamping spindle requires a fixed hydraulic connection path, and the multi-station clamping spindle requires continuous circular station change, so it is difficult to clamp the workpiece hydraulically. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool, which is used to solve the problem that the clamping spindle of the annular transposition cannot provide a stable clamping force by hydraulic means.

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool comprises a shaft sleeve shell arranged in a machining chamber of the machine tool, a shaft disc is rotatably installed in the shaft sleeve shell, a plurality of chuck assemblies are rotatably distributed on the surface of the shaft disc, a second motor is used to drive the shaft disc to rotate so that the chuck assemblies are sequentially shifted, and the chuck assemblies are connected to a driving assembly for driving the chuck assemblies to rotate; The chuck assembly includes a disc seat and a plurality of groups of claws evenly distributed on the surface of the disc seat. The claws slide elastically along the radial direction of the disc seat through springs. The inner ends of the claws have inclined surfaces. A sliding assembly is axially slidably arranged in the disc seat. The sliding assembly abuts against the inclined surfaces of the claws. A hydraulic telescopic assembly is arranged at the center of the shaft disc, and the hydraulic telescopic assembly squeezes the sliding assembly to move along the axial direction of the shaft disc, and the sliding assembly squeezes the inclined surface of the clamping claw, so that the clamping claw moves synchronously radially to close and clamp the workpiece.

[0006] Preferably, the sliding assembly includes a sliding body axially slidably arranged inside the disk seat, the surface of the sliding body has a contact handle that abuts against the inclined surface of the claw, the edge of the sliding body has a protruding handle that passes through the surface of the disk seat, and the outer sliding sleeve of the disk seat is provided with a ring, which can slide axially along the disk seat to abut against the protruding handle.

[0007] Preferably, the hydraulic telescopic assembly includes a core shell arranged at the center of the shaft disk, the core shell is fixed to the shaft sleeve shell, a plurality of contact blocks aligned one by one with the chuck assembly are arranged around the core shell, each contact block is independently connected to a micro hydraulic cylinder, and an ear handle is provided on the edge of the ring, and the micro hydraulic cylinder is used to push the contact block to move axially against the ear handle.

[0008] Preferably, the contact blocks are arc-shaped, and all the contact blocks are combined to form a complete annular structure surrounding the core shell.

[0009] Preferably, the touch handle, the protruding handle and the ear handle are all rotatable rollers.

[0010] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a first motor, the output shaft of the first motor is connected to a transmission gear ring through gear meshing, the transmission gear ring is concentrically distributed with the shaft disk, and a transmission assembly is provided at the end of each disk seat, and the disk seat is connected to the transmission gear ring through the transmission assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a torsion plate, which is coaxially rotatably arranged at the end of the disc seat, and a first gear is coaxially fixed to the disc seat. A second gear meshing with the first gear is rotatably installed on the surface of the torsion plate, and a first electromagnetic telescopic rod is rotatably installed on the surface of the shaft disc, and the first electromagnetic telescopic rod is connected to the torsion plate. The first electromagnetic telescopic rod is telescoped to push the torsion plate to deflect, so that the second gear meshes with the transmission gear ring for transmission or disconnects the transmission.

[0012] Preferably, a rack is installed on the surface of the torsion plate through elastic rotation of a torsion spring, and the rack is abutted and engaged with the second gear. A stop column is provided on the surface of the shaft disk. When the torsion plate is deflected to cause the second gear to engage with the transmission gear ring, the stop column abuts against the rack and rotates to disengage from the second gear.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission ratio between the second gear and the transmission gear ring, and the transmission ratio between the gear of the first motor output shaft and the transmission gear ring are both greater than 10:1.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of positioning grooves are distributed in an annular manner on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve shell, the positioning grooves are aligned one-to-one with the chuck assemblies, a push switch is installed in each positioning groove, a second electromagnetic telescopic rod is installed on the periphery of the shaft disc and is aligned one-to-one with the positioning grooves, a positioning protrusion is fixed on the telescopic end of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod and is aligned with the positioning groove, and the push switch and the second electromagnetic telescopic rod are connected to the second motor through a controller.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention adopts multiple contact blocks and micro hydraulic cylinders for different processing stations as the basis for providing hydraulic power to the corresponding stations. When the chuck assembly rotates to switch stations, the ear handle smoothly switches the contact blocks at different positions along the completed annular surface formed by the contact blocks, pushing the sliding assembly to move so that the claws are synchronously pressurized and closed to clamp the workpiece, thereby providing stable hydraulic clamping force for multiple chuck assemblies in the state of annular switching stations.

[0016] 2. The present invention sets a transmission assembly at the rear of the chuck assembly. By controlling the extension and retraction of the first electromagnetic telescopic rod, the second gear is engaged or disconnected with the transmission gear ring to realize the control of the rotation of the chuck assembly. The rotation of all chuck assemblies is powered by only one first motor. There is no need to configure a power source for each chuck assembly separately, thereby reducing the investment in equipment cost and the installation space occupied by the power source.

[0017] 3. The present invention elastically and rotatably installs a rack on the surface of the torsion plate. When the rotational transmission of the chuck assembly is cut off, the rack timely engages with the second gear to achieve angle locking of the chuck assembly. When the transmission of the chuck assembly is connected, the blocking column resists the rack deflection and disengages from the second gear, so that the angle locking of the chuck assembly is released, effectively improving the control accuracy of the workpiece processing angle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the shaft disc of the present invention installed on the machine tool.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the shaft sleeve shell of the present invention installed on the machine tool.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft-disk drive transmission structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the transmission components of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the alignment structure of the hydraulic telescopic assembly and the chuck assembly of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic telescopic assembly of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chuck assembly of the present invention.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning groove distribution structure of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft disc angle positioning structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure numerals: 1, shaft disk; 11, first motor; 12, second motor; 2, chuck assembly; 21, disk seat; 22, claw; 23, slide; 24, protruding handle; 25, touch handle; 3, shaft sleeve shell; 31, core shell; 32, slide groove; 4, transmission assembly; 41, first gear; 42, torsion plate; 43, second gear; 44, transmission gear ring; 45, first electromagnetic telescopic rod; 46, rack; 47, stop column; 5, ring; 51, ear handle; 6, contact block; 61, micro hydraulic cylinder; 7, positioning groove; 71, push switch; 8, second electromagnetic telescopic rod; 81, positioning protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0030] The multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool is composed of a shaft sleeve shell 3, a shaft disc 1, and a chuck assembly 2 to form a basic structure. A hydraulic telescopic assembly is configured to provide clamping power to the chuck assembly 2, a driving assembly is configured to control the rotation of each chuck assembly 2, and a positioning assembly is configured to accurately lock the angle of the shaft disc 1.

[0031] The basic architecture is as follows: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the shaft sleeve shell 3 is fixed on one side of the machine tool processing chamber, and the shaft disc 1 is rotatably installed in the shaft sleeve shell 3 by a bearing. A number of evenly annularly distributed chuck assemblies 2 are rotatably connected to the shaft disc 1 through bearings, and a gear ring is fixed on the inner end periphery of the shaft disc 1. The second motor 12 is installed in the shaft box at the edge of the machine tool, and the output shaft of the second motor 12 is connected to the gear ring through gear meshing. The rotation of the shaft disc 1 is configured with an encoder, and each chuck assembly 2 is aligned with a processing station. The second motor 12 is turned on to drive the shaft disc 1 to rotate, which is used to switch each chuck assembly 2 to pass through each processing station in turn. The positioning component consists of the following: like Figure 4 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the inner wall of the shaft sleeve shell 3 is annularly provided with a plurality of spherical positioning grooves 7, the positioning grooves 7 are aligned one by one with the chuck assembly 2, a push switch 71 is installed in each positioning groove 7, a second electromagnetic telescopic rod 8 is installed on the periphery of the shaft disc 1, the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 8 is aligned one by one with the positioning grooves 7, a spherical positioning protrusion 81 is fixed to the telescopic end of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 8, and the push switch 71 and the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 8 are connected to the second motor 12 through a controller; When the second motor 12 drives the shaft disk 1 to rotate and switch the processing position of the chuck assembly 2, the controller controls the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 8 to contract, so that the positioning protrusion 81 is separated from the positioning groove 7. After the shaft disk 1 rotates to switch the working position of the chuck assembly 2, the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 8 is extended to make the positioning protrusion 81 snap into the positioning groove 7 to ensure accurate position change. At the same time, the press switch 71 is touched by the positioning protrusion 81, and the press switch 71 is used to feedback the positioning information to the controller.

[0032] The hydraulic expansion assembly is set up as follows: like Figure 6 , Figure 8 As shown, the chuck assembly 2 includes a disc seat 21, and a plurality of groups of claws 22 are evenly distributed on the front end surface of the disc seat 21. The claws 22 slide elastically along the radial direction of the disc seat 21 through springs. The inner ends of the claws 22 have inclined surfaces. The sliding assembly includes a sliding body 23 axially slidably arranged inside the disc seat 21. A plurality of touch handles 25 are installed on the surface of the sliding body 23. The touch handles 25 contact the inclined surfaces of the claws 22 one by one. The touch handles 25 are rollers, so that the touch handles 25 and the inclined surfaces of the claws 22 are in rolling contact, and the friction force is small. A plurality of protruding handles 24 are arranged around the edge of the sliding body 23. The protruding handles 24 pass through the surface of the disc seat 21. A ring 5 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the disc seat 21. The protruding handles 24 are also rollers, and the protruding handles 24 contact the ring 5 in rolling contact. like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the hydraulic telescopic assembly includes a core shell 31, which is fixed integrally with the shaft sleeve shell 3, the central part of the shaft disc 1 is hollow, the core shell 31 is aligned and penetrates into the central part of the shaft disc 1, and a plurality of slide grooves 32 are provided around the core shell 31, and a contact block 6 is axially slidably installed in each slide groove 32, and the contact block 6 is aligned one by one with the chuck assembly 2, and a micro hydraulic cylinder 61 is installed in each slide groove 32, and the telescopic end of the micro hydraulic cylinder 61 is connected to the contact block 6, and an ear handle 51 is provided on the edge of the ring 5, and the ear handle 51 also adopts a roller, and the ear handle 51 rolls against the contact block 6 one by one, and the contact block 6 is in an arc shape, and all the contact blocks 6 are combined to form a complete annular structure around the core shell 31; When the clamping jaws 22 are in the non-clamping state, they are expanded outward by the elastic force, and the workpiece is placed between the clamping jaws 22. The micro-hydraulic cylinder 61 is turned on to push the contact block 6 to move, and the contact block 6 abuts against the ear handle 51 in the corresponding position to make the ring ring 5 slide axially on the surface of the disc seat 21, and the ring ring 5 abuts against the convex handle 24 and the sliding body 23 to move, so that the contact handle 25 moves to squeeze the inclined surface of the clamping jaw 22, so that the clamping jaw 22 shrinks and closes synchronously to clamp the workpiece stably. During the switching process of the chuck assembly 2, all the contact blocks 6 are in the state of squeezing the ear handle 51. At this time, the contact blocks 6 form a neat ring shape, and each ear handle 51 rotates along the end face of the ring to maintain the chuck assembly 2 with a stable clamping force during the position change process. When the workpiece needs to be released and replaced, the micro-hydraulic cylinder 61 at the corresponding position drives the contact block 6 to reset, releases the pressure applied to the clamping jaw 22, and the elastic force causes the clamping jaw 22 to expand and move to release the workpiece. The processing station conversion work of the chuck assembly 2 cannot be implemented until the workpiece replacement is completed and the clamping jaw 22 re-clamps the workpiece.

[0033] The driving assembly for the rotation of the chuck assembly 2 is composed as follows: like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a gear ring 44 is rotatably installed on the outside of the core shell 31, so that the transmission gear ring 44 is concentrically distributed with the shaft disc 1, and the first motor 11 is installed at the rear end of the shaft sleeve shell 3, and the output shaft of the first motor 11 is meshed and connected with the transmission gear ring 44 through a gear. A group of transmission components 4 are arranged at the end of each disc seat 21, and the transmission component 4 includes a torsion plate 42, which is coaxially rotatably arranged at the end of the disc seat 21, and the disc seat 21 is coaxially fixed with the first gear 41, and the second gear 43 is rotatably installed on the surface of the torsion plate 42, and the second gear 43 is meshed and connected with the first gear 41, and a first electromagnetic telescopic rod 45 is rotatably installed on the end surface edge of the shaft disc 1, and the telescopic end of the first electromagnetic telescopic rod 45 is rotatably connected to the torsion plate 42; During the metal cutting process, the first motor 11 maintains a stable speed to drive the transmission gear ring 44 to rotate. When the chuck assembly 2 switches the workstation, the controller controls all the first electromagnetic telescopic rods 45 to contract, and the first electromagnetic telescopic rods 45 pull the torsion plate 42 to deflect, cutting off the meshing connection between the second gear 43 and the transmission gear ring 44, keeping the angle of the chuck assembly 2 unchanged during the position switching process. When the chuck assembly 2 needs to rotate, the controller controls the corresponding first electromagnetic telescopic rod 45 to extend, and the torsion plate 42 deflects to make the second gear 43 mesh with the transmission gear ring 44, and the first gear 41 drives the chuck assembly 2 to rotate through the transmission of the second gear 43.

[0034] like Figure 5As shown, a rack 46 is installed on the surface of the torsion plate 42 for elastic rotation through a torsion spring, and a stop column 47 is provided on the surface of the shaft disk 1. When the chuck assembly 2 needs to stop rotating at a fixed angle, the first electromagnetic telescopic rod 45 contracts to drive the torsion plate 42 to deflect so that the connection between the second gear 43 and the transmission gear ring 44 is disconnected. At this time, the rack 46 is in contact with and engaged with the second gear 43, locking the angle of the second gear 43, the first gear 41, and the chuck assembly 2. When the chuck assembly 2 needs to be driven to rotate, the torsion plate 42 is deflected to make the second gear 43 mesh with the transmission gear ring 44, and the stop column 47 is in contact with the rack 46 to rotate and disengage from the second gear 43, so that the chuck assembly 2 can be driven to rotate.

[0035] The transmission ratio of the second gear 43 and the transmission ring gear 44, and the transmission ratio of the gear of the output shaft of the first motor 11 and the transmission ring gear 44 are both greater than 10:1, so that the transmission ring gear 44 rotates slowly, reducing the degree of tooth wear when the second gear 43 contacts the transmission ring gear 44, so that the second gear 43 can be smoothly engaged with the transmission ring gear 44.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool, comprising a shaft sleeve shell (3) arranged in a machining chamber of the machine tool, characterized in that: The shaft disc (1) is rotatably mounted in the shaft sleeve shell (3), and a plurality of chuck assemblies (2) are rotatably distributed in an annular pattern on the surface of the shaft disc (1). The second motor (12) is used to drive the shaft disc (1) to rotate so that the chuck assemblies (2) are sequentially shifted. The chuck assemblies (2) are connected to a driving assembly for driving the chuck assemblies to rotate. The chuck assembly (2) comprises a disc seat (21) and a plurality of groups of claws (22) evenly distributed on the surface of the disc seat (21); the claws (22) elastically slide along the radial direction of the disc seat (21) via springs; the inner ends of the claws (22) have inclined surfaces; a sliding assembly is axially slidably disposed in the disc seat (21); the sliding assembly abuts against the inclined surfaces of the claws (22); A hydraulic telescopic component is arranged at the center of the shaft disc (1), and the hydraulic telescopic component presses the sliding component to move along the axial direction of the shaft disc (1). The sliding component presses the inclined surface of the clamping claw (22), so that the clamping claw (22) moves synchronously radially to close and clamp the workpiece.

2. The multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly comprises a sliding body (23) axially slidably arranged inside a disc seat (21); the surface of the sliding body (23) comprises a contact handle (25) which abuts against the inclined surface of a claw (22); the edge of the sliding body (23) comprises a protruding handle (24) which penetrates through the surface of the disc seat (21); the outer sliding sleeve of the disc seat (21) is provided with a ring (5); the ring (5) can slide axially along the disc seat (21) to abut against the protruding handle (24).

3. The multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic telescopic assembly comprises a core shell (31) arranged at the center of the shaft disc (1), the core shell (31) being fixed to the shaft sleeve shell (3), a plurality of contact blocks (6) being arranged around the core shell (31) and aligned one by one with the chuck assembly (2), each contact block (6) being independently connected to a micro hydraulic cylinder (61), an ear handle (51) being arranged at the edge of the ring (5), and the micro hydraulic cylinder (61) being used to push the contact block (6) to move axially against the ear handle (51).

4. The multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The contact blocks (6) are arc-shaped, and all the contact blocks (6) are combined to form a complete annular structure surrounding the core shell (31).

5. The multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The touch handle (25), the protruding handle (24), and the ear handle (51) are all rotatable rollers.

6. The multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly comprises a first motor (11), the output shaft of the first motor (11) being connected to a transmission gear ring (44) through gear meshing, the transmission gear ring (44) being coaxially distributed with the shaft disc (1), and a transmission assembly (4) being provided at the end of each disc seat (21), the disc seat (21) being connected to the transmission gear ring (44) through the transmission assembly (4).

7. The multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (4) comprises a torsion plate (42), the torsion plate (42) being coaxially rotatably arranged at the end of the disc seat (21), the disc seat (21) being coaxially fixed with a first gear (41), a second gear (43) being rotatably mounted on the surface of the torsion plate (42) and meshingly connected with the first gear (41), a first electromagnetic telescopic rod (45) being rotatably mounted on the surface of the shaft disc (1), the first electromagnetic telescopic rod (45) being connected to the torsion plate (42), the first electromagnetic telescopic rod (45) telescoping to push the torsion plate (42) to deflect, so that the second gear (43) meshes with the transmission gear ring (44) for transmission or disconnection of transmission.

8. The multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rack (46) is mounted on the surface of the torsion plate (42) so as to be elastically rotatable by a torsion spring, and the rack (46) is in contact with and engaged with the second gear (43). A stop column (47) is provided on the surface of the shaft disc (1), and when the torsion plate (42) is deflected to cause the second gear (43) to mesh with the transmission gear ring (44), the stop column (47) is in contact with the rack (46) and is rotated to disengage from the engagement with the second gear (43).

9. The multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission ratio between the second gear (43) and the transmission gear ring (44), and the transmission ratio between the gear of the output shaft of the first motor (11) and the transmission gear ring (44) are both greater than 10:

1.

10. The multi-axis linkage CNC metal cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the shaft sleeve shell (3) is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves (7) in an annular manner, the positioning grooves (7) being aligned one-to-one with the chuck assembly (2), a push switch (71) being installed in each positioning groove (7), a second electromagnetic telescopic rod (8) being aligned one-to-one with the positioning grooves (7) being installed on the periphery of the shaft disc (1), a positioning protrusion (81) being fixed at the telescopic end of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod (8) and being aligned and engaged with the positioning groove (7), and the push switch (71) and the second electromagnetic telescopic rod (8) being connected to the second motor (12) via a controller.

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