A large-capacity open wagon for transporting coke

Abstract

This invention discloses a large-capacity open wagon for transporting coke, relating to the field of railway open wagon technology. It includes a car body, a coupler and buffer device, a braking device, and bogies. The car body is an upward-opening box structure with a cross-section shaped like a bottle neck, smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The car body includes a base frame assembly, two side wall assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base frame assembly, and two end wall assemblies at both ends of the base frame assembly. The bottom of the two side wall assemblies is close to the vehicle clearance of the base frame assembly. The cross-section of the side wall plates of each side wall assembly is a broken line shape, gradually narrowing upwards near the inflection point of the vehicle clearance. The upward-opening box structure assembled by this invention, with a cross-section shaped like a bottle neck and smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, and the side profile close to the locomotive and rolling stock clearance with only a certain safety margin, fully utilizes the clearance to increase the cross-sectional area, which is beneficial for increasing the vehicle volume.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway open wagon technology, and more specifically to the field of railway open wagon technology for large-capacity coke transportation. Background Technology

[0002] Studies of railway vehicles in various countries reveal that the different production and distribution of coke in each country necessitate different transportation methods. Internationally, hopper cars are primarily used for transporting coke, while open wagons are used domestically. However, the number of railway freight cars specifically designed for coke transport is limited and insufficient to meet the needs of railway transportation. Compared to open wagons, hopper cars eliminate the need for manual unloading, saving labor costs. However, hopper cars require sophisticated ground infrastructure; bottom-door hopper cars require unloading pits, while side-door hopper cars require low platforms or viaducts for unloading. Furthermore, with the same train formation length, excessively long vehicles reduce the number of trains and the effective traction tonnage. Additionally, hopper cars have high manufacturing, operating, and maintenance costs.

[0003] In the United States, due to the relatively small annual rail transport volume of coke (only a few million tons) and the availability of surface facilities such as pits and conveyor belts, coke is primarily transported via hopper cars. This particular car has a tare weight of 29.3 tons, a payload of 90 tons, and a volume of 149 cubic meters. 3 In addition, German railways primarily use side-door dump cars for transporting coke. Besides coke, these cars can also be used for coal, ore, etc. The maximum load capacity is 64 tons, the tare weight is 25.7 tons, and the volume is 85 cubic meters. 3 During unloading, all four bottom side doors open simultaneously. Russian coke transport utilizes self-unloading side-opening hopper trucks, each with four unloading ports at the bottom. The bottom doors are operated by two independent unloading mechanisms, one pneumatic and one manual. The vehicle has a payload of 58.5 tons, a tare weight of 29.5 tons, and a volume of 117 cubic meters. 3 The French company Arbel's Talbot-type open-top hopper car can be used to transport coke, with a load capacity of 55 tons and a volume of 122 cubic meters. 3 .

[0004] In light of the existing railway station facilities and with a strong focus on improving the economic efficiency of railway transportation, my country developed the C64A(T) type open wagon specifically for transporting coke in 2000. This wagon has a payload of 60 tons, a tare weight of 23.5 tons, and a volume of 91.3 cubic meters. 3 To accelerate the modernization of railway equipment and meet the requirements for upgrading railway freight cars from 60t to 70t load capacity, the C70C type open wagon for coke transportation was developed in 2008. This wagon has a load capacity of 70t, a tare weight of 23.8t, and a volume of 112m³. 3 .

[0005] The C64A(T) and C70C open wagons for transporting coke were initially designed for specific customers. Unloading was done manually or by excavator. Due to the limited visibility of the driver during excavator unloading, the excavator frequently collided with and scraped the side walls, floor, and lower door, resulting in significant damage to the vehicle body. Typical problems included "side wall bulging," "three-board" damage, "corrosion," and "lower door damage and deformation."

[0006] Modern coke production involves several steps, including coal washing, coal blending, coking, and product processing. In coking product processing, the red-hot coke pushed out of the furnace is sent to a quenching tower for quenching, followed by crushing, screening, and grading to obtain finished coke of different particle sizes. There are two quenching methods: dry and wet. Wet quenching involves transporting the red-hot coke to the quenching tower and spraying it with high-pressure water; dry quenching involves placing the red-hot coke into a quenching chamber and using inert gas circulation to recover the physical heat of the coke.

[0007] Wet quenching is the oldest quenching method used in the steel industry. Its principle is simple, the technology is mature, and the cost is low. Many existing coking plants now use wet quenching. However, the outdated wet quenching process suffers from frequent clogging of the water spray nozzles. Prolonged quenching times result in high moisture content, while shorter times lead to red-hot coke. The resulting coke has uneven strength and moisture content, and causes significant environmental pollution. Dry quenching is a major energy-saving and environmentally friendly technology in the steel industry. It improves coke quality, avoids the environmental pollution caused by wet quenching, and recovers the sensible heat of red-hot coke, achieving a dual benefit of energy conservation and environmental protection. However, the construction and operation costs of dry quenching towers are high, and the technology is complex, preventing its widespread adoption.

[0008] With improvements in coke production processes, the original water-quenched coke has been gradually replaced by dry-quenched coke, further reducing coke density. Therefore, existing coke transport vehicles, with unchanged volume, suffer from under-tonnage issues, resulting in low transportation efficiency. It is necessary to develop a large-capacity coke transport vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of reduced transport tonnage and low transport efficiency in existing coke transport vehicles when transporting low-density coke. This invention provides a large-capacity open railway wagon for coke transport.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] This invention provides a large-capacity open railway wagon for transporting coke, including a car body, a coupler buffer device, a braking device, and a bogie. The car body is a box structure with the opening facing upwards. The cross-section of the car body is a "bottle neck" shape with a smaller top and a larger bottom. The car body includes a base frame assembly, two side wall assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base frame assembly, and two end wall assemblies arranged at both ends of the base frame assembly. The bottom of the two side wall assemblies is close to the vehicle clearance of the base frame assembly.

[0012] The cross-section of the sidewall panel of each sidewall assembly is a polygonal shape, and the sidewall panel of each sidewall assembly gradually narrows upwards near the inflection point of the vehicle clearance.

[0013] Specifically, the welded box-shaped structure with an upward-facing opening has a cross-section that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, resembling a bottle neck. The side profile closely follows the vehicle clearance gauge (GB146.1-2020) with only a certain safety margin, making full use of the clearance gauge to increase the cross-sectional area, which is beneficial for increasing the vehicle volume. The side profile is a zigzag shape, gradually narrowing upwards near the inflection point of the vehicle clearance gauge.

[0014] In one embodiment, the base frame assembly includes a base plate, a central beam disposed in the middle of the lower part of the base plate, two lower side beams disposed on both sides of the lower part of the bottom, and two end beams disposed at both ends of the lower part of the bottom; it also includes multiple large crossbeams, multiple sleeper beams, and multiple small crossbeams symmetrically disposed at both ends of the central beam;

[0015] The main beams, bolster beams, and secondary beams are arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0016] Specifically, the spacing between the bolster beams, major crossbeams, and minor crossbeams is smaller than that of existing open wagons, reducing the free area of ​​the floor plate and improving its resistance to deformation. The following is a specific structure of the underframe assembly:

[0017] In one embodiment, the main crossbeam is wrench-shaped and includes a variable cross-section box structure welded together with a lower cover plate, a web plate, an upper cover plate, a reinforcing plate, and a partition plate.

[0018] Specifically, the crossbeam adopts a variable cross-section box-shaped structure welded from double web plates, arranged transversely along the vehicle body on both sides of the middle beam. Its cross-section is larger at the connection with the middle beam and smaller at the connection with the side beams. The crossbeam is mainly composed of: a top cover plate, a web plate, a bottom cover plate, a partition plate, and a reinforcing plate for the web plate. The top cover plate has an arc structure at its connection with the middle beam and a notch in a "wrench" shape at its connection with the side beams. The web plate is perpendicular to the top and bottom cover plates. At the notch in the top cover plate, the web plate forms a protruding structure with its upper edge flush with the upper surface of the top cover plate, meaning the web plate is directly connected to the bottom plate at this point. The bottom cover plate has a folded structure with an arc structure at its connection with the middle beam and an elongated hole near the connection with the side beams for easy internal welding and observation. The crossbeam web reinforcement plates are folded and pressed into an "L" shape, connecting to the upper and lower cover plates of the crossbeam, the crossbeam web, and the side beams, respectively. Their positions correspond to the inner columns, and observation holes are provided on the crossbeam web reinforcement plates. Crossbeam partitions are placed between the webs of two crossbeams, with the partitions closer to the side beams corresponding to the inner columns. These measures improve the connection strength and height between the base frame assembly and the side wall assembly, thereby enhancing the side wall assembly's resistance to external expansion.

[0019] In one embodiment, each sidewall assembly includes a sidewall panel, an upper side beam disposed on top of the sidewall panel, a plurality of inner side columns spaced apart on the inner side of the sidewall panel, and outer side columns spaced apart on the outer side of the sidewall panel.

[0020] The side wall panel includes an upper side panel and a lower side panel located below the upper side panel, with the outer side column located below the upper side panel.

[0021] Specifically, an inner column is installed on the inner side of the side wall panel, and a half-height outer column is installed below the outer step of the side wall panel. The outer plane of the outer column is aligned with the outer plane of the side wall panel. By adopting an external upper side panel structure, the vehicle clearance width can be fully utilized to increase vehicle volume. By reducing the spacing between the inner or outer columns, the free surface of the side wall panel at the door opening is eliminated, preventing deformation and damage to the door opening.

[0022] The upper side beam is made of cold-formed square steel and overlaps and welds to the upper side plate. The corners are butt-jointed with the upper end beam, and the upper side beam and the upper end beam are reinforced at the corners with reinforcing irons. There are 7 reinforcing devices between the upper side beam and the upper side plate on each side of the vehicle body. Each reinforcing device corresponds to one of the inner side beams, which improves the deformation resistance of the upper side beam.

[0023] The reinforcing plate assembly is a variable cross-section box structure welded together with double stiffening plates and guard plates. It is symmetrically arranged on the outside of the upper side plate along the splice of the upper side plate, and is welded and fixed to the upper side beam and upper side plate, corresponding one-to-one with the inner side column.

[0024] The inner column is constructed by welding together uprights, horizontal reinforcing bars, and vertical reinforcing bars. It is located inside the side wall, between the two door openings, and is welded and fixed to the upper side plate, lower side plate, and base plate. The uprights are variable cross-section cold-formed U-shaped channel steel structures, with horizontal and vertical reinforcing bars installed inside the U-shaped channel to improve the inner column's resistance to deformation.

[0025] The outer columns adopt a cold-formed "hat-shaped" structure with internal reinforcing ribs. The outer columns are positioned outside the lower side plate, between the two door openings, with the outer plane of the outer column aligned with the outer plane of the side plate. The outer columns are welded and fixed to the upper and lower side plates, and riveted to the lower side beam. The outer and inner columns combine to form a side column structure, with the lower side plate having a sandwich shape, increasing the cross-section of the side columns and improving the side wall's resistance to external expansion.

[0026] The side wall assembly also includes a hook assembly and a ladder assembly. The ladder assembly consists of a connecting plate, a ladder, and a support assembly. It is located at one end of the side wall, directly above the underframe footboard, serving as a safety handrail for shunting workers. The hook assembly consists of a hook and a hook seat assembly. Two hook assemblies are installed directly above each lower side door for suspending the lower door when it is open. The hook seat is welded and fixed to the upper side plate, with the hook inwardly fastened to prevent accidental snagging.

[0027] In one embodiment, anti-collision columns are provided between two adjacent inner columns located on the inner side of the side wall panel.

[0028] Specifically, anti-collision columns are installed on the inner side of the upper side plate between the two side columns. The anti-collision columns are made of cold-formed channel steel. They are fastened to the inner side of the upper side plate between the two side columns and welded in place. This prevents mechanical unloading equipment from directly colliding with or scraping the upper side plate and improves the deformation resistance of the side plate.

[0029] In one embodiment, the outer plane of the outer column is aligned with the outer plane of the side wall panel, and a lower side door is provided between two adjacent outer columns.

[0030] In one embodiment, the upper side plate narrows inward at the top, forming a zigzag structure. The top of the upper side plate overlaps with the upper side beam, and the bottom of the upper side plate is a cold-bent right-angle structure. The cold-bent right-angle structure is fastened to the lower side plate to form a cold-bent right-angle structure with a closed inner cavity.

[0031] Specifically, the upper side panel is cold-formed from sheet metal. The upper part of the upper side panel narrows inward, forming a zigzag structure, and overlaps with the upper side beam. The lower part is a cold-formed right-angle structure, which interlocks with the lower side panel to form a closed inner cavity, replacing the traditional side wall crossbands. This maintains the stability of the side wall, enhances the overall rigidity of the side wall, and reduces the vehicle's weight.

[0032] The lower side panel is cold-formed from sheet metal. The upper part of the lower side panel is bent outwards, forming a zigzag structure, which interlocks with the upper side panel and is welded in place. This achieves a stepped side wall structure with the upper side panel externally mounted and the lower side panel internally mounted. A lower side door opening is provided between the two side columns, with the edge of the door opening only a weld distance from the inner column, preventing direct impact or scratches to the lower side panel during mechanical unloading and thus avoiding damage.

[0033] In one embodiment, the end wall assembly is a plate-column structure, and each end wall assembly includes an end plate, an upper beam disposed on the end plate, two corner columns disposed on both sides of the end plate, multiple horizontal strips disposed laterally on the outside of the end plate, multiple vertical columns disposed longitudinally on the outside of the end plate, and corner reinforcing iron disposed on the top of the upper beam.

[0034] Each corner post is fixedly connected to the base frame assembly.

[0035] In one embodiment, the spacing between the uppermost horizontal band and the upper beam, and the spacing between two adjacent horizontal bands, are arranged in a pattern that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0036] Specifically, the upper beam is arranged laterally along the width of the vehicle body, and the corner posts are arranged vertically on both sides of the end plate, forming a frame structure with the underframe assembly; the horizontal strips are arranged laterally along the width of the vehicle body, and the intervals between the horizontal strips and the upper beam, as well as between the horizontal strips themselves, are wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, which helps to improve the load-bearing capacity of the end wall; the vertical columns are arranged in the middle of the end wall, reducing the free area of ​​the end plate and improving the deformation resistance of the end wall.

[0037] Preferably, the upper beam is made of 140mm×100mm×5mm cold-formed rectangular steel tubing, with corner reinforcement welded at the joint between the upper side beam and the upper beam. The corner posts are made of 220mm×140mm×5mm cold-formed rectangular steel tubing. The crossbars are made of cap-shaped steel with a cross-sectional height of 130mm, arranged horizontally with a wider top and narrower bottom along the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The uprights are made of cold-formed channel steel. The end plates are spliced ​​in two sections, with the upper end plate being 4mm thick and the lower end plate being 5mm thick. The escalator assembly consists of round steel handrails, connecting plates, and supports, and is a segmented escalator. The supports are welded to the end plates and positioned at an ergonomic height on one side of the end wall, directly above the footrests. The handrail assembly consists of round steel handrails and supports. The supports are welded to the corner posts and positioned at an ergonomic height on one side of the end wall.

[0038] In one embodiment, the braking device includes a manual braking device and a wind braking device.

[0039] Specifically, the manual braking device and the air braking device adopt an integrated air braking system. All braking modules are connected by flexible hoses to reduce the number of braking lines and leakage points, thereby improving braking reliability. The integrated air braking system achieves integrated installation of the control valve, pressure relief valve, air reservoir, and pressure relief valve. The braking system should at least include a 120-type control valve conforming to Chinese standards, a brake cylinder, an air reservoir, an ST2-250 type bidirectional brake shoe clearance automatic adjuster, a KZW-A type empty / loaded car automatic adjustment device, a freight car derailment automatic braking device, a brake hose connector, a type A stainless steel ball-core angle cock, a combined dust collector, brake lines, an NSW-I type handbrake, etc., or other braking system components conforming to Chinese standards.

[0040] In one embodiment, the bogie is a K6 type bogie or another type of bogie conforming to the standard.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0042] The box-shaped structure, welded together with an upward-facing opening, has a cross-section that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, resembling a bottle neck. Its side profile closely follows the vehicle clearance gauge (GB146.1-2020) with only a certain safety margin, maximizing the cross-sectional area and thus increasing vehicle volume. The side profile is a zigzag shape, gradually narrowing upwards near the clearance gauge inflection point.

[0043] The upper side panel is cold-formed from sheet metal. The upper part of the upper side panel narrows inward, forming a zigzag structure, and overlaps with the upper side beam. The lower part is a cold-formed right-angle structure, which interlocks with the lower side panel to form a closed inner cavity, replacing the traditional side wall crossband. This maintains the stability of the side wall, enhances the overall rigidity of the side wall, and reduces the vehicle's weight. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional image;

[0047] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The right view;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the base frame assembly;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the pillow beam;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sidewall assembly;

[0051] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Side view;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the end wall assembly;

[0053] Reference numerals: 1-Manual braking device, 2-Coupled buffer device, 3-Air brake device, 4-Bogie, 5-Underframe assembly, 6-Side wall assembly, 7-Lower side door, 8-End wall assembly;

[0054] 51-End beam, 52-Small crossbeam, 53-Pillow beam, 54-Measurement, 55-Large crossbeam, 56-Middle beam, 57-Base plate;

[0055] 61-Upper side beam, 62-Inner side column, 63-Anti-collision column, 64-Upper side plate, 65-Lower side plate, 66-Outer side column;

[0056] 81-Corner post, 82-End plate, 83-Upper beam, 84-Horizontal band, 85-Upright post, 86-Escalator assembly, 87-Corner reinforcement, 88-Handrail assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and technical effects of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0058] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0059] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0060] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a large-capacity coke transport railway open wagon, including a car body, a coupler buffer device 2, a braking device, and a bogie 4. The car body is a box structure with the opening facing upwards. The cross-section of the car body is a "bottle neck" shape with a smaller top and a larger bottom. The car body includes a base frame assembly 5, two side wall assemblies 6 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base frame assembly 5, and two end wall assemblies 8 arranged at both ends of the base frame assembly 5. The bottom of the two side wall assemblies 6 is close to the vehicle clearance of the base frame assembly 5.

[0063] The cross-section of the side wall panel of each side wall assembly 6 is a broken line shape, and the side wall panel of each side wall assembly 6 gradually narrows upwards near the inflection point of the vehicle clearance.

[0064] Specifically, the box structure formed by group welding with the opening facing upwards has a vehicle body cross-section in the shape of a "bottle mouth" with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part. The side profile is close to the rolling stock clearance limit (GB146.1 - 2020), only leaving a certain safety margin, making full use of the clearance limit to increase the cross-sectional area, which is beneficial to increasing the vehicle volume. The side profile is zigzag and gradually narrows upwards near the inflection point of the vehicle clearance limit.

[0065] The vehicle body is a fully welded steel structure, composed of a underframe assembly 5, two side wall assemblies 6 on both sides, and two end wall assemblies 8. The main material of the vehicle body is Q450NQR1 high-strength weathering steel, and the profiles, plates of the side wall assembly 6, end wall assembly 8, and underframe assembly 5 in contact with the goods and Q450EWR1 high-corrosion-resistant atmospheric corrosion-resistant steel are used.

[0066] [[ID=:6]]The coupler buffer device 2 should at least include a Class E steel Type 17 coupler compliant with Chinese standards, a thickened coupler tongue, a Type 17 forged coupler tail frame, an alloy steel coupler tail pin, and an MT-2 or HM-1 type buffer. Or other couplers compliant with Chinese standards and other supporting components. A coupler support seat stop iron with anti-theft function is used, and the stop iron is connected to the impact seat with rivets; an anti-jump latch is installed.

[0067] Embodiment 2

[0068] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment: Specifically:

[0069] The underframe assembly 5 includes a bottom plate 57, a center sill 56 arranged in the middle below the bottom plate 57, two lower side sills arranged on both sides below the bottom, and two end beams 51 arranged at both ends below the bottom; it also includes multiple large crossbeams 55, multiple bolster beams 53, and multiple small crossbeams 52 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the center sill 56;

[0070] The large crossbeams 55, bolster beams 53, and small crossbeams 52 are arranged staggeredly.

[0071] Specifically, the arrangement interval distances of each bolster beam 53, each large crossbeam 55, and each small crossbeam 52 are smaller than those of existing open wagons, making the free area of the bottom plate 57 smaller and improving the anti-deformation ability of the bottom plate 57. The following is a specific structure of the underframe assembly 5:

[0072] The center sill 56 is formed by welding two 310 hot-rolled Z-shaped steels into a "C" shape steel, with the material being Q450NQR1 high-strength weathering steel. A front bolster, a rear bolster, an integral center plate seat, a partition assembly, etc. are arranged in the inner cavity of the center sill 56.

[0073] The lower side sill is made of a cold-formed channel steel of 240×80×; a footrest is arranged at one end of the lower side sill; eight groups of lower side door 7 buckles are evenly arranged on the outer side of the web of the lower side sill for locking the lower side door 7; one traction hook is arranged below each end of the lower side sill.

[0074] The end sill 51 consists of an end sill 51 web, a shock absorber seat, a coupler lifting lever seat, and a bend angle cock hanger. The cross-section of the end sill 51 web is in an "L" shape, and its lower flange is fixedly connected to the center sill 56 and the lower plane of the side sill. The upper part of the end sill 51 web is folded and pressed into a "Z" shape structure and connected to the end wall. The shock absorber seat is riveted and fixed to the outer side surface of the end sill 51 web, and the coupler lifting lever seat and the bend angle cock hanger are respectively arranged on both sides.

[0075] The bolster 53 adopts a variable cross-section box structure formed by welding double webs, and is arranged transversely on both sides of the center sill 56 along the vehicle body. The cross-section at the connection with the center sill 56 is large, and the cross-section at the connection with the side sill is small. The bolster 53 is mainly composed of: a bolster 53 upper cover plate, a bolster 53 web, a bolster 53 lower cover plate, a bolster 53 partition plate, a bolster 53 web reinforcement plate, stiffening plates, etc., which are welded together. The bolster 53 upper cover plate is provided with an arc structure at the connection with the center sill 56, and a notch is formed at the connection with the side sill to form a "wrench" shape structure. The bolster 53 web is perpendicular to the bolster 53 upper cover plate and the bolster 53 lower cover plate. A raised structure is formed on the bolster 53 web at the notch of the upper cover plate, and its upper edge is flush with the upper plane of the bolster 53 upper cover plate, that is, the bolster 53 web at this place is directly connected to the bottom plate. The bolster 53 lower cover plate is a folded and pressed structure, with an arc structure provided at the connection with the center sill 56, and a long round hole is provided near the connection with the side sill for convenient inner cavity welding and observation. The bolster 53 web reinforcement plate is folded and pressed into an "L" shape structure and is respectively connected to the bolster 53 upper cover plate, the bolster 53 lower cover plate, the bolster 53 web, and the side sill. Its position corresponds to that of the inner column 62, and at the same time, an observation hole is provided on the bolster 53 web reinforcement plate. The bolster 53 partition plate is arranged between the two bolster 53 webs, and the partition plate near the side sill corresponds to the position of the inner column 62.

[0076] The cross-section of the small cross beam 52 adopts an inverted "U" shape structure, and its flange is welded and fixed to the lower plane of the bottom plate. It is arranged transversely along the vehicle body. The spacing between the small cross beams 52, as well as the spacing between the small cross beam 52 and the large cross beam 55 and the bolster 53, is smaller than that of the existing vehicles, reducing the free area of the bottom plate and being beneficial to further improving the anti-deformation ability of the bottom plate.

[0077] Embodiment 3

[0078] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 2. Specifically:

[0079] The large cross beam 55 is in a "wrench" shape. The large cross beam 55 includes a variable cross-section box structure formed by welding a cross beam lower cover plate, a cross beam web, a cross beam upper cover plate, a reinforcement plate, and a partition plate.

[0080] Specifically, the crossbeam adopts a variable cross-section box-shaped structure welded from double web plates, arranged transversely along both sides of the middle beam 56. Its cross-section is larger at the connection with the middle beam 56 and smaller at the connection with the side beams. The crossbeam is mainly composed of: a top cover plate, a web plate, a bottom cover plate, a partition plate, and a reinforcing plate for the web plate. The top cover plate has an arc-shaped structure at its connection with the middle beam 56, and a notch in a "wrench" shape at its connection with the side beams. The web plate is perpendicular to the top and bottom cover plates. At the notch in the top cover plate, the web plate forms a protruding structure with its upper edge flush with the upper surface of the top cover plate, meaning the web plate is directly connected to the bottom plate at this point. The bottom cover plate has a folded structure, with an arc-shaped structure at its connection with the middle beam 56 and an elongated hole near the connection with the side beams for easy internal welding and observation. The web reinforcement plate of the crossbeam is folded and pressed into an "L" shape, connecting to the upper cover plate, lower cover plate, web plate, and side beams of the crossbeam, respectively. Its position corresponds to that of the inner column 62. Observation holes are provided on the web reinforcement plate of the crossbeam. A crossbeam partition is installed between the web plates of the two crossbeams, with the partition closest to the side beam corresponding to the position of the inner column 62. These measures improve the connection strength and height between the base frame assembly 5 and the side wall assembly 6, thereby enhancing the resistance of the side wall assembly 6 to external expansion.

[0081] Example 4

[0082] This embodiment is a further optimization based on embodiment 3, specifically:

[0083] Each side wall assembly 6 includes a side wall panel, an upper side beam 61 set on the top of the side wall panel, multiple inner side columns 62 spaced apart on the inner side of the side wall panel, and outer side columns 66 spaced apart on the outer side of the side wall panel.

[0084] The side wall panel includes an upper side panel 64 and a lower side panel 65 disposed below the upper side panel 64, and the outer side column 66 is disposed below the upper side panel 64.

[0085] Specifically, an inner column 62 is installed on the inner side of the side wall panel, and a half-height outer column 66 is installed below the outer step of the side wall panel. The outer plane of the outer column 66 is aligned with the outer plane of the side wall panel. By adopting an external structure for the upper side panel 64, the vehicle clearance width can be fully utilized to increase the vehicle volume. By reducing the spacing between the inner column 62 or the outer column 66, the free surface of the side wall panel at the door opening is eliminated, preventing deformation and damage to the door opening.

[0086] The upper side beam 61 is made of cold-formed square steel and overlaps and welds to the upper side plate 64. Its corners are butt-jointed with the upper end beam 83, and the upper side beam 61 and the upper end beam 83 are reinforced at the corners by corner reinforcing irons. There are 7 reinforcing devices between the upper side beam 61 and the upper side plate 64 on each side of the vehicle body. The reinforcing devices correspond one-to-one with the inner side beams, which improves the deformation resistance of the upper side beam 61.

[0087] The reinforcing plate assembly is a variable cross-section box structure welded together with double stiffening plates and guard plates. It is symmetrically arranged on the outside of the upper side plate 64 along the splice joint of the upper side plate 64, and is welded and fixed to the upper side beam 61 and the upper side plate 64, corresponding one-to-one with the inner column 62.

[0088] The inner column 62 is assembled and welded from the column 85, horizontal and vertical ribs. It is located inside the side wall, between the two door openings, and is welded and fixed to the upper side plate 64, lower side plate 65, and base plate. The column 85 is a variable cross-section cold-formed U-shaped channel steel structure, with horizontal and vertical ribs installed inside the U-shaped channel to improve the deformation resistance of the inner column 62.

[0089] The outer column 66 adopts a cold-formed "hat-shaped" structure with internal reinforcing ribs. The outer column 66 is positioned outside the lower side plate 65, between the two door openings, with its outer plane aligned with the outer plane of the side plate. The outer column 66 is welded and fixed to the upper side plate 64 and the lower side plate 65, and riveted to the lower side beam. The outer column 66 and the inner column 62 combine to form a side column structure. The lower side plate 65 is sandwich-shaped, increasing the cross-section of the side column and improving the side wall's resistance to external expansion.

[0090] The side wall assembly 6 also includes a hook assembly and a ladder assembly 86. The ladder assembly 86 consists of a connecting plate, a ladder, and a support assembly. It is located at one end of the side wall, directly above the footboard of the underframe, serving as a safety handrail 88 for shunting workers. The hook assembly consists of a hook and a hook seat assembly. Two hook assemblies are installed directly above each lower door 7 for suspending the lower door 7 when it is open. The hook seat is welded and fixed to the upper side plate 64, and the hook is inwardly fastened to prevent accidental snagging.

[0091] Example 5

[0092] This embodiment is a further optimization based on embodiment 4, specifically:

[0093] Anti-collision columns 63 are installed between two adjacent inner columns 62 located on the inner side of the side wall panel.

[0094] Specifically, anti-collision posts 63 are installed on the inner side of the upper side plate 64 between the two side columns. The anti-collision posts 63 are made of cold-formed channel steel. They are fastened to the inner side of the upper side plate 64 between the two side columns and welded in place. This prevents mechanical unloading equipment from directly colliding with or scraping the upper side plate 64 and improves the deformation resistance of the side plate.

[0095] Example 6

[0096] This embodiment is a further optimization based on embodiment 4, specifically:

[0097] The outer plane of the outer column 66 is aligned with the outer plane of the side wall panel, and a lower door 7 is provided between two adjacent outer columns 66.

[0098] The upper side plate 64 narrows inward at the top and has a zigzag structure. The top of the upper side plate 64 overlaps with the upper side beam 61. The bottom of the upper side plate 64 is a cold-bent right-angle structure. The cold-bent right-angle structure is fastened to the lower side plate 65 to form a cold-bent right-angle structure with a closed inner cavity.

[0099] Specifically, the upper side panel 64 is cold-formed from sheet metal. The upper part of the upper side panel 64 narrows inward, forming a zigzag structure, and overlaps with the upper side beam 61. The lower part is a cold-formed right-angle structure, which interlocks with the lower side panel 65 to form a closed inner cavity, replacing the traditional side wall crossband 84, maintaining the stability of the side wall, enhancing the overall rigidity of the side wall, and reducing the vehicle's weight.

[0100] The lower side panel 65 is cold-formed from sheet metal. The upper part of the lower side panel 65 is bent outwards, forming a zigzag structure, which is then fastened and welded to the upper side panel 64. This achieves a stepped side wall structure with the upper side panel 64 external and the lower side panel 65 internal. The lower side panel 65 has seven lower side door openings between the two side columns. The edge of the door openings is only welded away from the inner column 62, preventing direct impact or scratches during mechanical unloading that could damage the lower side panel 65.

[0101] Example 7

[0102] This embodiment is a further optimization based on embodiment 6, specifically:

[0103] The end wall assembly 8 is a plate-column structure. Each end wall assembly 8 includes an end plate 82, an upper beam 83 set on the end plate 82, two corner columns 81 set on both sides of the end plate 82, multiple horizontal strips 84 set on the outer side of the end plate 82, multiple vertical columns 85 set on the outer side of the end plate 82, and corner reinforcing iron 87 set on the top of the upper beam 83.

[0104] Each corner post 81 is fixedly connected to the base frame assembly 5.

[0105] The spacing between the uppermost horizontal band 84 and the upper beam 83, and the spacing between two adjacent horizontal bands 84, are arranged in a pattern that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0106] Specifically, the upper beam 83 is arranged laterally along the width of the vehicle body, and the corner posts 81 are arranged vertically on both sides of the end plate 82, forming a frame structure with the underframe assembly 5; the horizontal strips 84 are arranged laterally along the width of the vehicle body, and the interval between the horizontal strips 84 and the upper beam 83, and the interval between the horizontal strips 84, are wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, which is conducive to improving the load-bearing capacity of the end wall; the column 85 is arranged vertically in the middle of the end wall, reducing the free area of ​​the end plate 82 and improving the deformation resistance of the end wall.

[0107] Preferably, the upper beam 83 is made of cold-formed rectangular steel tubing of 140mm×100mm×5mm, and corner reinforcement is welded to the joint between the upper side beam 61 and the upper beam 83. The corner post 81 is made of cold-formed rectangular steel tubing of 220mm×140mm×5mm. The crossbar 84 is made of cap-shaped steel with a cross-sectional height of 130mm, arranged horizontally with a wider top and narrower bottom along the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The upright 85 is made of cold-formed channel steel. The end plate 82 is spliced ​​in two sections, with the upper end plate 82 having a thickness of 4mm and the lower end plate 82 having a thickness of 5mm. The escalator assembly 86 consists of round steel handrails, connecting plates, and supports, and is a segmented escalator. The supports are welded to the end plate 82 and are positioned at an ergonomic height on one side of the end wall, directly above the footrest. The handrail assembly 88 consists of round steel handrails and supports. The support is welded to the corner column 81 and is set at the height required by ergonomics on one side of the end wall.

[0108] Example 8

[0109] This embodiment is a further optimization based on embodiment 6, specifically:

[0110] The braking system includes a manual braking device 1 and a wind braking device 3.

[0111] Specifically, manual brake device 1 and air brake device 3 adopt integrated air brake systems. The various brake modules are connected by flexible hoses to reduce the number of brake lines and leakage points, thereby improving braking reliability. The integrated air brake system achieves integrated installation of the control valve, pressure relief valve, air reservoir, and pressure relief valve. The braking system should at least include a 120-type control valve conforming to Chinese standards, brake cylinder, air reservoir, ST2-250 type bidirectional brake shoe clearance automatic adjuster, KZW-A type empty / loaded car automatic adjustment device, freight car derailment automatic braking device, brake hose connector, A-type stainless steel ball-core angle cock, combined dust collector, brake lines, NSW-I type handbrake, etc., or other braking system components conforming to Chinese standards.

[0112] Bogie 4 is a K6 type bogie 4 or other bogie 4 that conforms to the standard.

Claims

1. A large-capacity open wagon for transporting coke, comprising a car body, a coupler and buffer device (2), a braking device, and a bogie (4), characterized in that, The vehicle body is a box structure with the opening facing upwards. The cross-section of the vehicle body is a "bottle mouth" shape with a smaller top and a larger bottom. The vehicle body includes a chassis assembly (5), two side wall assemblies (6) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the chassis assembly (5), and two end wall assemblies (8) arranged at both ends of the chassis assembly (5). The bottom of the two side wall assemblies (6) is close to the vehicle clearance of the chassis assembly (5). The cross-section of the side wall panel of each of the side wall assemblies (6) is a polygonal shape, and the side wall panel of each of the side wall assemblies (6) gradually narrows upward near the vehicle clearance inflection point; The base frame assembly (5) includes a base plate (57), a central beam (56) located in the middle of the lower part of the base plate (57), two lower side beams located on both sides of the lower part of the bottom, and two end beams (51) located at both ends of the lower part of the bottom; it also includes multiple large crossbeams (55), multiple sleeper beams (53), and multiple small crossbeams (52) symmetrically arranged at both ends of the central beam (56); The large crossbeam (55), the pillow beam (53), and the small crossbeam (52) are arranged in an alternating pattern; Each of the side wall components (6) includes a side wall panel, an upper side beam (61) disposed on the top of the side wall panel, a plurality of inner side columns (62) spaced apart on the inner side of the side wall panel, and outer side columns (66) spaced apart on the outer side of the side wall panel. The side wall panel includes an upper side panel (64) and a lower side panel (65) disposed below the upper side panel (64), and the outer side column (66) is disposed below the upper side panel (64); The upper side plate (64) narrows inward at the top and has a zigzag structure. The top of the upper side plate (64) overlaps with the upper side beam (61). The bottom of the upper side plate (64) is a cold-bent right-angle structure. The cold-bent right-angle structure is fastened to the lower side plate (65) to form a cold-bent right-angle structure with a closed inner cavity.

2. The large-capacity open wagon for transporting coke according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main crossbeam (55) is wrench-shaped and includes a variable cross-section box structure welded together from a lower cover plate, a web plate, an upper cover plate, a reinforcing plate, and a partition plate.

3. The large-capacity open wagon for transporting coke according to claim 1, characterized in that, Anti-collision columns (63) are provided between two adjacent inner columns (62) located on the inner side of the side wall panel.

4. The large-capacity open wagon for transporting coke according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer plane of the outer column (66) is aligned with the outer plane of the side wall panel, and a lower door (7) is provided between two adjacent outer columns (66).

5. A large-capacity open wagon for transporting coke according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end wall assembly (8) is a plate-column structure. Each end wall assembly (8) includes an end plate (82), an upper beam (83) set on the end plate (82), two corner columns (81) set on both sides of the end plate (82), multiple horizontal strips (84) set laterally on the outside of the end plate (82), multiple vertical columns (85) set longitudinally on the outside of the end plate (82), and corner reinforcing iron (87) set on the top of the upper beam (83). Each of the corner posts (81) is fixedly connected to the base frame assembly (5).

6. A large-capacity open wagon for transporting coke according to claim 5, characterized in that, The interval between the uppermost horizontal band (84) and the upper beam (83), and the interval between two adjacent horizontal bands (84) are arranged in a form that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

7. A large-capacity open wagon for transporting coke according to claim 1, characterized in that, The braking device includes a manual braking device (1) and a wind braking device (3).

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