Raw coal conveying device and conveying method

Abstract

The present invention provides a raw coal conveying device and a conveying method, belonging to the technical field of raw coal conveying. A raw coal conveying device includes a conveying channel and a conveying mechanism. The scraper driving device is a belt / chain transmission device with an annular transmission bundle. The scraper assembly includes a baffle fixed on the transmission bundle, a scraper hinged with the baffle, a scraper rotation limit structure, and a scraper reset spring; the conveying mechanism also includes a scraper guide device, and the scraper guide device includes a guide rail respectively arranged on the conveying channel and a guide member on the scraper; the guide rail includes a lower horizontal section parallel to the bottom plate and a notch corresponding to the discharge port. The scraper of the present invention is rotatable. When loading coal, the scraper can form a bucket structure with the baffle to shovel up the coal blocks on the bottom plate, reduce the friction between the coal blocks and the bottom plate, and reduce the amount of coal block crushing; when unloading coal, the scraper tilts downward, and the coal blocks tilt downward into the discharge port under the action of their own gravity, reducing the damage to the coal blocks caused by vertical unloading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of raw coal transportation, and in particular to a raw coal transportation device and a transportation method. Background Art

[0002] The buried scraper conveyor is a transportation equipment that uses the scraper chain moving in the casing to transport bulk materials to a predetermined target. The buried scraper conveyor is used to transport raw coal during coal mining. In the process of transporting raw coal, the buried scraper conveyor relies on the movement of the scraper chain in the casing to achieve directional transportation of bulk raw coal. In the prior art, the scraper is usually perpendicular to the bottom plate, pushing the material on the bottom plate to the discharge port. In order to enable the scraper chain to move smoothly in the casing, a gap is left between the scraper and the bottom plate of the casing. When this conveying method is used to transport raw coal, the raw coal directly contacts the bottom plate. Under the push of the scraper, the coal blocks scrape and collide with the bottom plate, increasing the friction between the bottom plate, which is not conducive to the transportation of raw coal. In addition, the coal blocks are easy to break, and the coal blocks will generate noise and dust pollution during the crushing process. At the same time, it will also reduce the utilization rate of raw coal.

[0003] The patent application document with publication number CN117465927A discloses a scraper conveyor, including an upper shell, a feed port is arranged at the top of the upper shell; a lifting bottom plate assembly, the lifting bottom plate assembly is connected to the upper shell; a circulating scraper mechanism, the circulating scraper mechanism is connected to the upper shell; a scraper cleaning mechanism, the scraper cleaning mechanism is connected to one end of the upper shell, and the scraper cleaning mechanism is used to clean the residual materials on the circulating scraper mechanism. The circulating scraper mechanism of the scraper conveyor includes a driving assembly, a driving shaft, a driven shaft and a chain scraper assembly; the chain scraper assembly includes a tooth chain and a scraper, the tooth chain drives the scraper to move, the scraper is perpendicular to the bottom plate, and in the process of pushing the scraper, the coal blocks directly contact the bottom plate, which is easy to scrape and collide with the bottom plate, increasing the amount of coal blocks broken and affecting the conveying effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a raw coal conveying device and a conveying method, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the raw coal directly contacts the bottom plate and increases the amount of coal block breakage.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, the present invention provides a raw coal conveying device, including a conveying channel and a conveying mechanism, wherein the conveying channel includes a bottom plate with a discharge port, and the conveying mechanism includes a scraper driving device and a scraper assembly, wherein the scraper driving device is a belt / chain transmission device with an annular transmission bundle, and the scraper assembly includes a baffle fixed on the transmission bundle, a scraper hinged to the baffle, a scraper rotation limiting structure, and a scraper return spring; the baffle has an outer end hinged to the scraper, a bottom plate perpendicular to the moving direction of the transmission bundle, and a bottom plate perpendicular to the moving direction of the transmission bundle. The scraper has a connection end hinged with the baffle, a coal shoveling head away from the connection end, and a coal loading surface facing the transmission bundle; the scraper rotation limit structure is arranged on the rotation stroke of the scraper relative to the baffle to limit the rotation angle of the scraper, so that the scraper has a coal loading / unloading state parallel to / inclined downward with the moving direction of the transmission bundle; the scraper return spring is used to apply a force to drive the scraper to change from the coal unloading state to the coal loading state; the transmission bundle has two and they are parallel to each other, and a gap is left between the two transmission bundles for the scraper in the coal unloading state to pass through;

[0006] The conveying mechanism also includes a scraper guiding device, which includes a guide rail arranged on the conveying channel and a guide member on the scraper respectively; the guide rail includes a lower horizontal section parallel to the bottom plate and a notch corresponding to the discharge port, and the guide member is used to guide the movement assembled on the guide rail to support the scraper upward to remain in a coal loading state, and the guide rail and the bottom plate have a set spacing so that the scraper in the coal loading state maintains a set gap with the bottom plate, and the notch is used to release the guide rail from limiting and supporting the guide member and the scraper, so that the scraper can rotate to the coal unloading state.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the raw coal enters the conveying channel, the scraper driving device drives the scraper assembly to move, the scraper and the baffle form a bucket structure, the scraper guide device is used to guide the scraper to remain in the coal-loading state and maintain a set distance between the coal-loading surface and the bottom plate, and the guide member of the scraper guide device cooperates with the guide rail to stably support the scraper, maintain the stability of the L-shaped bucket, and prevent the scraper from deflecting downward and affecting the conveying of the raw coal. The coal shoveling head of the scraper shovels up the coal blocks on the bottom plate and smoothly reaches the coal-loading surface. The scraper promotes the conveying of the raw coal during the movement. Most of the coal blocks are not in direct contact with the bottom plate during the conveying process because they are on the coal-loading surface of the scraper, thereby reducing the friction between the bottom plate and the wear of the coal blocks on the bottom plate, which is conducive to the smooth conveying of the raw coal. At the same time, it is conducive to maintaining the original state of the coal blocks and reducing the amount of coal block breakage. When unloading coal, the scraper assembly pushes the raw coal to move above the discharge port. As the scraper moves to the notch of the guide rail, the guide member of the scraper guide device separates from the guide rail, and the scraper loses support. Under the gravity of the coal block, the scraper overcomes the elastic force of the scraper reset spring and deflects downward. The scraper is in the coal unloading state. Under the action of its own gravity, the coal block tilts downward along the scraper into the discharge port, reducing the damage to the coal block caused by vertical unloading, which is conducive to reducing the amount of coal block breakage. After the coal unloading is completed, the scraper reset spring drives the scraper to reset to the coal loading state, so that the guide member can smoothly enter the guide rail without affecting the transportation of the next round of raw coal. This cycle is repeated to realize the transportation of raw coal.

[0008] Preferably, the scraper rotation limiting structure comprises a first limiting surface arranged on the outer end of the baffle, and a second limiting surface arranged on the connection end of the scraper and matched with the first limiting surface;

[0009] The first limiting surface is distributed on two coplanar planes on both sides of the hinge axis in radial direction, and the angle between the plane and the moving direction of the transmission beam is an acute angle; the second limiting surface is distributed on two inclined surfaces on both sides of the hinge axis, and the two inclined surfaces gradually approach the hinge axis.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface cooperate to stop, and the scraper can rotate around the hinge shaft. When the scraper rotates to the coal-loading state parallel to the movement direction of the transmission beam, under the dual limiting action of the guide member and the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface, it is convenient for the scraper to push the coal block to move. When unloading coal, the guide member loses the limit, the scraper tilts downward, and the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface limit the angle of the scraper tilting downward. The angle limit of the first limiting surface and the cooperation of the scraper reset spring are to maintain the coal-loading state, which is conducive to the smooth entry of the guide member into the guide rail. The second limiting surface is to tilt the scraper and maintain the set angle, so that the angle is not too large or too small. If it is too small, it is not conducive to the fall of the raw coal, and if it is too large, it is easy to block the fall of the subsequent coal blocks on the scraper.

[0011] Preferably, the scraper assembly also includes a cleaning device, which includes a wheel frame fixed on the back side of the baffle, a roller and a roller brush rotatably connected to the wheel frame, and a roller brush transmission unit; the roller has a wheel surface for rolling support on the base plate, so that the roller can rotate on the base plate when following the movement of the baffle, and the roller brush transmission unit is transmission-connected between the roller and the roller brush and is used to convert the rotational motion of the roller into a rotational motion of the roller brush with the same rotation direction, so that the roller brush cleans the base plate in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the transmission beam.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, during the transportation of raw coal, the scraper and the baffle drive the roller to move, the roller contacts the bottom plate, and rotates relative to the bottom plate, and the roller drives the roller brush to rotate through the roller brush transmission unit. As the baffle and the scraper move forward, the wheel surface of the roller contacting the bottom plate moves backward, and the roller brush transmission unit converts the rotational motion of the roller into the rotational motion of the roller brush with the same rotation direction, so that the rotation direction of the roller brush is consistent with the rotation direction of the roller. In this way, the roller brush can sweep the broken coal blocks on the bottom plate to the next scraper, reducing the broken coal blocks falling into the gap between the scraper and the bottom plate, reducing the scratching of the bottom plate by the broken coal blocks during the transportation of raw coal, and facilitating the smooth transportation of raw coal. Moreover, the roller is arranged on the rear side of the baffle, so that the roller and the guide are arranged side by side on the left and right at the hinge axis position of the baffle and the scraper in the moving direction of the scraper assembly. In this way, when conveying coal blocks, stable left and right support can be formed for the scraper in the conveying direction, and the contact position between the wheel surface and the bottom of the roller is lower than the guide, that is, it is distributed on the upper and lower sides of the scraper, so that support can be provided from the top and bottom of the scraper. In this way, the roller can share the supporting force of the guide, reduce the burden of the guide, and avoid deformation of the guide rail to a certain extent, and also serve as a power source for the roller brush, which can kill two birds with one stone.

[0013] Preferably, the roller brush transmission unit is a chain transmission unit or a belt transmission unit.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the roller drives the roller brush to rotate in the same direction through chain drive or belt drive, so that the rotation direction of the roller brush is opposite to the movement direction of the drive beam, which is convenient for sweeping the broken coal blocks to the next scraper.

[0015] Preferably, the roller brush transmission unit is a gear transmission unit, which includes gear one, gear two, and gear three. The gear one and gear three are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts of the roller and the roller brush, respectively. The gear two is rotatably assembled on the wheel frame and constitutes a bridge wheel that meshes with gear one and gear three, respectively, so that the direction of rotation of the gear three is always consistent with that of the gear one, thereby ensuring that the cleaning direction of the roller brush when rotating is opposite to the moving direction of the transmission beam.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the roller drives gear one to rotate, gear one drives gear two to rotate, and gear two drives gear three to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the roller brush, making it easier for the bristles to sweep the broken coal blocks on the bottom plate to the next scraper, reducing the scratching of the bottom plate and the scraper by the broken coal blocks.

[0017] Preferably, there are two wheel frames arranged in parallel front and back, each wheel frame is rotatably connected to a roller, and the axis of the roller brush extends front and back and is bridged between the two wheel frames.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the two rollers can not only share the supporting force of the guide member, but also provide power for the roller brush at the same time, so that the roller brush can rotate synchronously to clean the crushed coal slag.

[0019] Preferably, the back side of the baffle is tilted downward and is provided with an anti-collision plate that can protect the roller brush.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the anti-collision plate can reduce the scattered coal blocks from falling onto the roller brush, thereby reducing the damage to the roller brush.

[0021] Preferably, the guide rail is arranged on the inner walls of the front and rear side plates of the conveying channel. The guide rail is in the shape of an athletic track consistent with the movement trajectory of the transmission beam, with two upper and lower horizontal sections and two left and right semicircular arc sections, which are used to provide support for the scraper assembly during movement.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide rail is designed into a runway shape, and the scraper moves to the lower horizontal section to promote the transportation of raw coal. Not only can the lower horizontal section provide support for the guide member, but the two semicircular arc sections and the upper horizontal section can also provide guidance and support for the guide member in an unloaded state, thereby improving the transmission performance.

[0023] Preferably, a feed port for raw coal is provided on the side of the conveying channel, and an air blowing assembly capable of blowing up dust between the bottom plate and the scraper is also provided on the side of the conveying channel, and the air blowing assembly includes an air inlet pipe arranged on the outside of the conveying channel and connected to an air source, an air inlet fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe and capable of extending into the conveying channel, and an air outlet arranged at one end of the conveying channel; the flow direction of the airflow in the air inlet is perpendicular to the moving direction of the transmission bundle.

[0024] By adopting the above technical scheme, during the transportation of raw coal, the air inlet pipe is ventilated, and the air flow is blown out through the inlet port, blowing up the dust on the bottom plate and outputting it through the outlet port, thereby reducing the dust falling into the gap between the scraper and the bottom plate, reducing the dust falling between the scraper and the bottom plate during the transportation of raw coal, reducing the friction between the scraper and the bottom plate, and facilitating the smooth transportation of coal blocks.

[0025] Preferably, in another aspect, the present invention provides a raw coal conveying method, using the raw coal conveying device, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1: The raw coal enters the conveying channel, the scraper driving device drives the scraper assembly to move, and the scraper drives the guide member to move along the guide rail. When the scraper moves to the lower horizontal section of the guide rail, the coal loading surface of the scraper is in a coal loading state parallel to the moving direction of the transmission beam. The coal shoveling head of the scraper shovels up the coal blocks on the bottom plate and smoothly reaches the coal loading surface. The scraper pushes the raw coal to be transported during the movement;

[0027] S2: When the scraper pushes the raw coal to move to the notch of the guide rail, the guide part separates from the guide rail. Under the gravity of the coal block, the scraper deflects downward, so that the scraper is in a coal unloading state with an acute angle of inclination to the moving direction of the transmission beam. The coal blocks on the scraper fall into the discharge port to realize the unloading of the raw coal. When the raw coal is unloaded, the scraper reset spring drives the scraper to reset, and the scraper deflects upward, so that the scraper is parallel to the moving direction of the transmission beam, and the coal loading state is restored and maintained. The baffle and scraper continue to move with the transmission belt to continue to transport the raw coal.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, during the raw coal transportation process, the scraper can form a bucket structure with the baffle, and the coal shoveling head of the scraper shovels up the coal blocks on the bottom plate and smoothly reaches the coal loading surface. The coal blocks do not directly contact the bottom plate, reducing the friction between the bottom plate, which is conducive to maintaining the original state of the coal blocks and reducing the amount of coal block breakage. At the same time, it also reduces the wear of the coal blocks on the bottom plate. When unloading coal, the scraper deflects counterclockwise downward, and the coal blocks tilt downward into the discharge port under the action of their own gravity, reducing the damage to the coal blocks caused by vertical unloading, which is conducive to reducing the amount of coal block breakage.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. The scraper of the present invention is rotatable. When loading coal, the scraper can form a bucket structure with the baffle to scoop up the coal blocks on the bottom plate, thereby reducing the friction between the coal blocks and the bottom plate, and also reducing the wear of the coal blocks on the bottom plate, which is beneficial to the smooth transportation of raw coal. At the same time, it is beneficial to maintain the state of the coal blocks and reduce the amount of coal block breakage; when unloading coal, the scraper is tilted downward, and the coal blocks are tilted downward into the discharge port under the action of their own gravity, which reduces the damage to the coal blocks caused by vertical unloading and is beneficial to reducing the amount of coal block breakage.

[0031] 2. The cleaning device of the present invention can clean the broken coal blocks on the bottom plate to the next scraper, reducing the broken coal blocks falling into the gap between the scraper and the bottom plate, reducing the scratching of the bottom plate by the broken coal blocks during the transportation of the raw coal, and facilitating the smooth transportation of the raw coal.

[0032] 3. The air blowing assembly of the present invention can blow up the dust on the bottom plate and output it through the air outlet, reducing the dust falling into the gap between the scraper and the bottom plate, reducing the dust falling between the scraper and the bottom plate during the transportation of raw coal, reducing the friction between the scraper and the bottom plate, and facilitating the smooth transportation of coal blocks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the raw coal conveying device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the movement of the scraper assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the scraper assembly of the present invention (the roller brush is omitted in the figure);

[0036] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the scraper and the cleaning device of the present invention in a coal-carrying state;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the scraper and the cleaning device in the coal unloading state of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1, conveying channel; 11, bottom plate; 12, shell; 121, feed port; 122, discharge port;

[0039] 2. belt transmission device; 21. transmission belt; 22. driving unit; 3. scraper assembly; 31. baffle; 32. scraper; 33. scraper rotation limiting structure; 331. first limiting surface; 332. second limiting surface; 34. scraper return spring; 35. articulated shaft;

[0040] 4. scraper guide device; 41. guide member; 42. guide rail; 421. lower horizontal section; 422. notch;

[0041] 5. Cleaning device; 51. Wheel frame; 52. Roller; 521. Central axis; 53. Roller brush; 531. Roller shaft; 532. Brush hair; 54. Roller brush transmission unit; 541. Gear 1; 542. Rotating shaft; 543. Gear 2; 544. Gear 3; 55. Anti-collision plate; 56. Dust cover;

[0042] 6. Blowing assembly; 61. Air inlet pipe; 62. Air inlet; 63. Air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1-Figure 5, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example

[0045] This embodiment provides a raw coal conveying device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a conveying channel 1 and a conveying mechanism. The conveying mechanism is installed inside the conveying channel 1, and the conveying mechanism is used to convey the raw coal in the conveying channel 1 along a straight direction.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the conveying channel 1 includes a bottom plate 11 and a shell 12, and the shell 12 includes two side plates and a top plate ( Figure 1 The top plate is omitted in the figure), the shell 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 11, the bottom plate 11 is used to carry raw coal, and the shell 12 and the bottom plate 11 form a cavity to provide space for the movement of the conveying mechanism. The conveying channel 1 extends in the left-right direction, and the conveying direction of the corresponding conveying mechanism is the left-right direction. A feed port 121 is provided on the front side plate of the shell 12, and a discharge port 122 is provided on the left end of the bottom plate 11. The raw coal enters the shell 12 from the feed port 121, is conveyed by the conveying mechanism, and is discharged from the discharge port 122 to realize the conveying of the raw coal.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the conveying mechanism includes a belt transmission device 2, a scraper assembly 3, and a scraper guide device 4. The belt transmission device 2 drives the scraper assembly 3 to move, thereby promoting the transportation of raw coal. The belt transmission device 2 is a scraper driving device, and in other embodiments, it can also be a chain transmission device. The scraper driving device has two transmission beams, and there is a gap between the two transmission beams for the scraper 32 and the coal blocks to fall through. The transmission beam can be either a transmission belt 21 or a transmission chain.

[0048] Among them, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the belt transmission device 2 includes a transmission belt 21 and a driving unit 22 for driving the transmission belt 21 to move. The scraper assembly 3 is installed on the transmission belt 21. The driving unit 22 specifically uses a motor as a power source and a belt transmission device as a transmission member. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0049] There are two transmission belts 21. The two transmission belts 21 are arranged in parallel in the front and rear direction, so that the scraper assembly 3 spans and is installed on the two transmission belts 21 in the front and rear direction, so that the transmission belt 21 can stably drive the scraper assembly 3 to move. There are multiple scraper assemblies 3, which are arranged in parallel on the transmission belt 21 at intervals from left to right, which is conducive to improving the transportation efficiency of raw coal.

[0050] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the scraper assembly 3 includes a baffle 31 , a scraper 32 hinged to the baffle 31 , a scraper rotation limiting structure 33 , and a scraper return spring 34 .

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the baffle 31 is a strip plate extending in the front-to-back direction. The baffle 31 has an inner end close to the transmission belt 21 and an outer end away from the transmission belt 21. The inner end of the baffle 31 is fixed to the transmission belt 21, and the outer end of the baffle 31 is hinged to the scraper 32. The baffle 31 also has a coal pushing surface for pushing coal blocks in the same direction as the moving direction of the transmission belt 21.

[0052] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the scraper 32 is a strip-shaped plate extending in the front-to-back direction, and the scraper 32 has a connection end hinged to the baffle 31, a coal shoveling head for shoveling coal away from the connection end, and a coal loading surface facing the transmission belt 21. The connection end of the scraper 32 is hinged to the outer end of the baffle 31 through a hinge shaft 35 whose axis extends in the front-to-back direction. The scraper 32 rotates relative to the baffle 31 and has a coal loading state parallel to the moving direction of the transmission belt 21, and a coal unloading state with an acute angle of depression to the moving direction of the transmission belt 21. The width of the scraper 32 in the front-to-back direction is less than the spacing between the two transmission belts 21, so that the scraper 32 in the coal unloading state can pass between the two transmission belts 21.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the scraper rotation limiting structure 33 is a first limiting surface 331 and a second limiting surface 332 that are correspondingly arranged on the outer end of the baffle 31 and the connecting end of the scraper 32 and can block the matching. The first limiting surface 331 on the outer end of the baffle 31 is two coplanar planes distributed on both sides of the radial direction of the hinge shaft 35, and the two planes are at an angle of 45 degrees to the moving direction of the transmission belt 21. The second limiting surface 332 on the connecting end of the scraper 32 is two inclined surfaces distributed on both sides of the radial direction of the hinge shaft 35, and the angle between the two inclined surfaces is 90 degrees, and the two inclined surfaces gradually approach the hinge shaft 35. In this embodiment, due to the corresponding relationship between the angles of the first limiting surface 331 and the second limiting surface 332, the inclination angle of the scraper 32 in the coal unloading state and the moving direction of the transmission belt 21 is not less than 45 degrees. In other embodiments, the angle between the scraper 32 in the coal unloading state and the moving direction of the transmission belt 21 can be changed by adjusting the angle between the first limiting surface 331 and the moving direction of the transmission belt 21 and the angle between the second limiting surface 332.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the scraper return spring 34 is a torsion spring connected between the scraper 32 and the baffle 31, and the torsion spring is used to apply a force to drive the scraper 32 to change from a coal unloading state to a coal loading state.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the coal shoveling head of the scraper 32 is provided with a slope for shoveling coal, and the slope gradually rises from the coal shoveling head of the scraper 32 to the connecting end of the scraper 32 toward the coal loading surface, so as to facilitate the scraper 32 to shovel up the coal blocks on the bottom plate 11 and smoothly reach the coal loading surface, thereby reducing the increase in broken coal blocks caused by the direct friction of the coal blocks on the bottom plate 11.

[0056] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the scraper guide device 4 includes a guide member 41 and a guide rail 42. The scraper guide device 4 is used to guide the scraper 32 to remain in the coal-carrying state and to maintain a set distance between the coal-carrying surface and the bottom plate 11. The guide rail 42 is arranged on the inner walls of the front and rear side plates of the housing 12. The guide rail 42 is in the shape of an athletic track consistent with the motion trajectory of the transmission belt 21, and has two upper and lower horizontal sections and two left and right semicircular arc sections. The guide rail 42 is located at the periphery of the transmission belt 21 and has a set distance between the guide rail 42 and the transmission belt 21. The distance between the guide rail 42 and the transmission belt 21 is consistent with the distance between the guide member 41 and the transmission belt 21 of the scraper 32 in the coal-carrying state.

[0057] The guide member 41 in this embodiment is a slider, which is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the scraper 32 and is spaced apart from the hinge shaft 35 in the extension direction of the coal loading surface. The guide member 41 is assembled in the guide rail 42 for guiding movement, and is used to support the scraper 32 on the guide rail 42 to prevent the scraper 32 from rotating, thereby keeping the scraper 32 in the coal loading state. In addition, as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, there is a set distance between the lower horizontal section 421 of the guide rail 42 and the bottom plate 11. When the scraper 32 moves to the lower horizontal section 421, a gap is left between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11, which can reduce the friction between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11 and facilitate the scraper 32 to push the coal blocks for smooth transportation.

[0058] In addition, the guide member 41 and the guide rail 42 have a set fitting gap in the extension direction perpendicular to the guide rail 42. The fitting gap is used to ensure that the guide member 41 turns smoothly in the semicircular arc section of the guide rail 42 and at the transition between the horizontal section and the semicircular arc section, and enables the scraper 32 to swing appropriately, thereby forming an appropriate movable gap between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11, so that the coal blocks can be shoveled up to the coal loading surface and the coal slag can pass from under the scraper 32.

[0059] like Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, a notch 422 is left on the lower horizontal section 421 of the guide rail 42 at the position above the discharge port 122, and the notch 422 is used to release the limit and support of the guide rail 42 on the guide member 41 and the scraper 32. When the scraper 32 pushes the coal block to move to the notch 422, the guide member 41 is separated from the guide rail 42, and the scraper 32 loses support. Under the action of the gravity of the coal block, the scraper 32 deflects counterclockwise downward around the hinge shaft 35, and the scraper 32 and the moving direction of the transmission belt 21 form an acute angle of depression, and the coal block falls from the scraper 32 into the discharge port 122, realizing the unloading of the coal block. After the coal block is unloaded, the torsion spring drives the scraper 32 to reset, and the scraper 32 deflects clockwise upward around the hinge shaft 35, and the scraper 32 is parallel to the moving direction of the transmission belt 21, maintaining the coal loading state, and the scraper 32 continues to move with the transmission belt 21, and the guide member 41 continues to move along the guide rail 42, which is convenient for continuing to transport the coal block.

[0060] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a cleaning device 5 is also installed on the baffle 31. The cleaning device 5 is installed on the back of the coal pushing surface of the baffle 31. The cleaning device 5 is used to clean the broken coal slag between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11 to avoid continuous accumulation of coal slag. The cleaning device 5 includes a wheel frame 51, a roller 52, a roller brush 53, and a roller brush transmission unit 54. There are two wheel frames 51 and two rollers 52, and one roller brush 53. The two wheel frames 51 are fixedly connected to the back of the baffle 31, and the two wheel frames 51 are arranged in parallel front and back. Each wheel frame 51 is rotatably connected to a roller 52. When the roller 52 moves with the baffle 31, it rotates relative to the bottom plate 11 and drives the roller brush 53 to rotate.

[0061] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the roller brush 53 includes a roller 531 and bristles 532 uniformly distributed on the roller 531 along the circumferential direction. The axial direction of the roller 531 extends along the front-back direction. The front and rear ends of the roller 531 are both connected to the roller 52 through the roller brush transmission unit 54. The roller 52 drives the roller 531 to rotate through the roller brush transmission unit 54. The roller 531 rotates and moves relative to the bottom plate 11. The roller 531 rotates relative to the next scraper 32. The bristles 532 sweep the broken coal slag on the bottom plate 11 to the next scraper 32, reducing the wear of the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11 by the broken coal slag, which is conducive to the smooth transportation of coal blocks.

[0062] like Figure 4As shown, the roller brush transmission unit 54 is a gear transmission unit, including a rotating shaft 542 and sequentially meshed gears 1 541, 2 543 and 3 544. Gear 1 541 is fixedly connected to the central shaft 521 of the roller 52, the rotating shaft 542 is rotatably connected to the wheel frame 51, the axial direction of the rotating shaft 542 extends in the front-rear direction, the gear 2 543 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 542, and the gear 3 544 is fixedly connected to the roller 531.

[0063] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a dust cover 56 is fixedly connected to the wheel frame 51 and can protect the gear 1 541, the gear 2 543 and the gear 3 544. The dust cover 56 protects the gear 1 541, the gear 2 543 and the gear 3 544 to reduce the influence of dust and crushed coal slag on the gear transmission.

[0064] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an anti-collision plate 55 is provided on the back side of the baffle 31 and tilted downward from left to right to protect the roller brush 53. The anti-collision plate 55 can reduce the scattered coal blocks from falling onto the roller brush 53, thereby reducing the damage to the roller brush 53.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the shell 12 is also provided with a blowing assembly 6, which is used to reduce the dust falling into the gap between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11. The blowing assembly 6 includes an air inlet pipe 61, an air inlet 62 and an air outlet 63. The air inlet pipe 61 is connected to the air source, and the air inlet pipe 61 is arranged on the outside of the shell 12. In this embodiment, the front and rear sides of the shell 12 are both provided with air inlet pipes 61, and the air inlet 62 is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe 61 and extends into the shell 12. A plurality of air inlets 62 are arranged on the air inlet pipe 61, and the flow direction of the air flow in the air inlet 62 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the coal blocks. The air outlet 63 is arranged at the left end of the shell 12.

[0066] During the coal block conveying process, the air inlet pipe 61 is ventilated and blown out from multiple air inlets 62, which can blow up the dust at the same time, and output the dust-laden airflow through the air outlet 63, reducing the dust falling between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11, reducing the friction between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11, and facilitating the smooth conveying of the coal blocks.

[0067] When the embodiment of the raw coal conveying device described above is used, Figure 2As shown, the raw coal enters the conveying channel 1, the belt transmission device 2 drives the scraper assembly 3 to move, and the scraper 32 drives the guide member 41 to move along the guide rail 42 in the shape of an athletic track. When the scraper 32 moves to the lower horizontal section 421 of the guide rail 42, the coal loading surface of the scraper 32 is in a coal loading state parallel to the moving direction of the transmission belt 21, and the coal shoveling head of the scraper 32 shovels up the coal blocks on the bottom plate 11 and smoothly reaches the coal loading surface, thereby reducing the phenomenon of increased broken coal blocks caused by direct friction of the coal blocks on the bottom plate 11. When in the coal-loading state, the baffle 31 drives the roller 52 to move. During the movement, the roller 52 rotates due to contact with the bottom plate 11. The roller 52 drives the roller brush 53 to rotate through the roller brush transmission unit 54. The bristles 532 sweep the broken coal slag between the bottom plate 11 and the scraper 32 to the next scraper 32, reducing the friction of the broken coal slag on the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11. At the same time, the air inlet pipe 61 is ventilated and blown out from multiple air inlets 62 to blow up the dust on the bottom plate 11 and output it through the air outlet 63, reducing the accumulation of dust in the gap between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11, so as to facilitate the smooth transportation of raw coal. When the scraper 32 pushes the coal block to move to the notch 422 of the guide rail 42, the guide member 41 is separated from the guide rail 42, and the scraper 32 loses support. Under the action of the gravity of the coal block, the scraper 32 deflects counterclockwise downward around the hinge shaft 35, and the scraper 32 and the moving direction of the transmission belt 21 form an acute angle of depression, and the coal block falls from the scraper 32 into the discharge port 122 to achieve the unloading of the coal block. After the coal block is unloaded, the torsion spring drives the scraper 32 to reset, and the scraper 32 deflects clockwise upward around the hinge shaft 35. The scraper 32 is parallel to the moving direction of the transmission belt 21, maintaining the coal loading state, and the scraper 32 continues to move with the transmission belt 21, and the guide member 41 continues to move along the guide rail 42, so as to facilitate the continued transportation of the coal block.

[0068] An embodiment of a raw coal conveying method of the present invention, using the embodiment of the raw coal conveying device described above, comprises the following steps:

[0069] S1: The raw coal enters the bottom plate 11 of the conveying channel 1 through the feed port 121, the driving unit 22 drives the transmission belt 21 to move, the transmission belt 21 drives the baffle 31 and the scraper 32 to move, the scraper 32 drives the guide member 41 to move along the guide rail 42, when the scraper 32 moves to the lower horizontal section 421 of the guide rail 42, the coal loading surface of the scraper 32 is in a coal loading state parallel to the moving direction of the transmission belt 21, the coal shoveling head of the scraper 32 shovels the coal blocks on the bottom plate 11 and smoothly reaches the coal loading surface, and the scraper 32 promotes the transportation of the raw coal during its movement;

[0070] S2: During the movement of the baffle 31, the roller 52 is driven to move. The lower end of the roller 52 contacts the bottom plate 11 and rotates relative to the bottom plate 11. The roller 52 drives the gear 1 541 to rotate. The gear 1 541 drives the gear 2 543 and the gear 3 544 to mesh synchronously. The gear 3 544 drives the roller brush 53 to rotate. The roller brush 53 sweeps the stones on the bottom plate 11 to the next scraper 32.

[0071] S3: The air inlet pipe 61 is ventilated and blown out from the multiple air inlets 62 to blow up the dust on the bottom plate 11 and output it through the air outlet 63;

[0072] S4: When the scraper 32 pushes the raw coal to move to the notch 422 of the guide rail 42, the guide member 41 disengages from the guide rail 42, and under the gravity of the coal block, the scraper 32 deflects counterclockwise downward around the hinge shaft 35, so that the scraper 32 is in a coal unloading state with an acute angle of inclination to the moving direction of the transmission beam, and the coal blocks on the scraper 32 fall into the discharge port 122 to realize the unloading of the raw coal. When the raw coal is unloaded, the torsion spring drives the scraper 32 to reset, and the scraper 32 deflects clockwise upward around the hinge shaft 35, and the scraper 32 is parallel to the moving direction of the transmission belt 21, maintaining the coal loading state, and the baffle 31 and the scraper 32 continue to move with the transmission belt 21 to continue to transport the raw coal.

[0073] Among them, in the above steps, S1 realizes the transportation of raw coal; S2 realizes the cleaning of the broken coal slag on the bottom plate 11 by the roller brush 53, reduces the broken coal slag falling into the gap between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11, and reduces the scraping of the bottom plate 11 and the scraper 32 by the broken coal slag; S3 can blow up the dust and transport it out of the shell 12, reducing the influence of the dust falling into the gap between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11 during the transportation of raw coal on the movement of the scraper 32; S4 realizes the unloading of raw coal, and the raw coal can be transported back and forth.

[0074] In other embodiments of the raw coal conveying device of the present invention, the following replacement and deformation methods can be adopted:

[0075] 1. In other embodiments, the difference from the above embodiments is that the blowing assembly 6 is omitted. When the coal blocks of the raw coal being transported are large, less dust is generated, which is not enough to fill the gap between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11, and the blowing assembly 6 may not be required. Alternatively, when suction fans are provided on both sides of the housing 12, the gas and dust in the transport channel 1 can be extracted, thereby reducing the dust accumulation in the gap between the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11.

[0076] 2. In other embodiments, the difference from the above embodiments is that the cleaning device 5 is omitted. When the coal blocks of the raw coal being transported are large, there are fewer broken coal slags during the transportation process, or the height of the broken coal slags is greater than the height of the gap between the bottom plate 11 and the scraper 32, the scraper 32 can push the broken coal slag away so that it does not stay in the gap between the bottom plate 11 and the scraper 32, and does not wear the scraper 32 and the bottom plate 11. In addition, when the size of the generated broken coal slag is small, the air volume of the blowing assembly 6 or the suction fan is large enough, the broken coal slag can be blown away or sucked away without affecting the transportation of the raw coal.

[0077] 3. In other embodiments, the difference from the above embodiment is that the guide rail 42 is only provided with a lower horizontal section 421, and a notch 422 is left at the position of the lower horizontal section 421 located at the discharge port 122, and the upper horizontal section and the left and right arc sections are omitted. After the raw coal is unloaded, the scraper 32 is in an unloaded state, and the scraper reset spring 34 can drive the scraper 32 to reset, so that the scraper 32 and the baffle 31 are vertical, and the support and guidance of the guide rail 42 are not required. The weight of the scraper assembly 3 is relatively small. If the cleaning device 5 is omitted, the weight of the scraper assembly 3 is further reduced. The connection between the baffle 31 and the transmission belt 21 can drive the scraper assembly 3 to rotate. The guide member 41 can also be a pulley to reduce the friction between the guide member 41 and the guide rail 42, which is conducive to the sliding of the guide member 41 and the scraper 32.

[0078] 4. The scraper rotation limiting structure 33 can also be modified to provide a limiting block at the first limiting surface 331 and a limiting groove at the second limiting surface 332. The limiting block is inserted into the limiting groove to limit the rotation of the scraper 32.

[0079] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0080] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A raw coal conveying device, comprising a conveying channel and a conveying mechanism, wherein the conveying channel comprises a bottom plate with a discharge port, the conveying mechanism comprises a scraper driving device and a scraper assembly, the scraper driving device is a belt / chain driving device with an annular transmission bundle, characterized in that: The scraper assembly comprises a baffle fixed on the transmission bundle, a scraper hinged with the baffle, a scraper rotation limiting structure, and a scraper return spring; the baffle has an outer end hinged with the scraper and a coal pushing surface perpendicular to the moving direction of the transmission bundle; the scraper has a connecting end hinged with the baffle, a coal shoveling head away from the connecting end, and a coal loading surface facing the transmission bundle; the scraper rotation limiting structure is arranged on the rotation stroke of the scraper relative to the baffle to limit the rotation angle of the scraper, so that the scraper has a coal loading / unloading state parallel to / inclined downward with the moving direction of the transmission bundle; the scraper return spring is used to apply a force to drive the scraper to change from the coal unloading state to the coal loading state; the transmission bundle has two and they are parallel front and back, and a gap is left between the two transmission bundles for the scraper in the coal unloading state to pass through; The conveying mechanism also includes a scraper guiding device, which includes a guide rail arranged on the conveying channel and a guide member on the scraper respectively; the guide rail includes a lower horizontal section parallel to the bottom plate and a notch corresponding to the discharge port, and the guide member is used to guide the movement assembled on the guide rail to support the scraper upward to remain in a coal loading state, and the guide rail and the bottom plate have a set spacing so that the scraper in the coal loading state maintains a set gap with the bottom plate, and the notch is used to release the guide rail from limiting and supporting the guide member and the scraper, so that the scraper can rotate to the coal unloading state.

2. The raw coal conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper rotation limiting structure comprises a first limiting surface arranged on the outer end of the baffle, and a second limiting surface arranged on the connection end of the scraper and matched with the first limiting surface for blocking; The first limiting surface is distributed on two coplanar planes on both sides of the hinge axis in radial direction, and the angle between the plane and the moving direction of the transmission beam is an acute angle; the second limiting surface is distributed on two inclined surfaces on both sides of the hinge axis, and the two inclined surfaces gradually approach the hinge axis.

3. The raw coal conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper assembly also includes a cleaning device, which includes a wheel frame fixed on the back side of the baffle, a roller and a roller brush rotatably connected to the wheel frame, and a roller brush transmission unit; the roller has a wheel surface for rolling support on the base plate, so that the roller can rotate on the base plate when following the movement of the baffle, and the roller brush transmission unit is transmission-connected between the roller and the roller brush and is used to convert the rotational motion of the roller into a rotational motion of the roller brush with the same rotation direction, so that the roller brush cleans the base plate in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the transmission beam.

4. The raw coal conveying device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The roller brush transmission unit is a chain transmission unit or a belt transmission unit.

5. The raw coal conveying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The roller brush transmission unit is a gear transmission unit, which includes gear one, gear two, and gear three. The gear one and gear three are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts of the roller and the roller brush, respectively. The gear two is rotatably assembled on the wheel frame and constitutes a bridge wheel that meshes with the gear one and gear three, respectively, so that the direction of rotation of the gear three is always consistent with that of the gear one, thereby ensuring that the cleaning direction of the roller brush when rotating is opposite to the moving direction of the transmission beam.

6. The raw coal conveying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two wheel frames which are arranged in parallel front and back. Each wheel frame is rotatably connected to a roller. The axis of the roller brush extends front and back and is bridged between the two wheel frames.

7. The raw coal conveying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The back side of the baffle is tilted downward and is provided with an anti-collision plate which can protect the roller brush.

8. The raw coal conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail is arranged on the inner walls of the front and rear side plates of the conveying channel. The guide rail is in the shape of an athletic track consistent with the movement trajectory of the transmission beam, and has two upper and lower horizontal sections and two left and right semicircular arc sections, which are used to provide support for the scraper assembly during movement.

9. The raw coal conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding port for raw coal is provided on the side of the conveying channel, and an air blowing assembly capable of blowing up dust between the bottom plate and the scraper is also provided on the side of the conveying channel. The air blowing assembly includes an air inlet pipe arranged on the outside of the conveying channel and connected to an air source, an air inlet fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe and capable of extending into the conveying channel, and an air outlet arranged at one end of the conveying channel; the flow direction of the airflow in the air inlet is perpendicular to the moving direction of the transmission bundle.

10. A method for conveying raw coal, using the raw coal conveying device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The raw coal enters the conveying channel, the scraper driving device drives the scraper assembly to move, and the scraper drives the guide member to move along the guide rail. When the scraper moves to the lower horizontal section of the guide rail, the coal loading surface of the scraper is in a coal loading state parallel to the moving direction of the transmission beam. The coal shoveling head of the scraper shovels up the coal blocks on the bottom plate and smoothly reaches the coal loading surface. The scraper pushes the raw coal to be transported during the movement; S2: When the scraper pushes the raw coal to move to the notch of the guide rail, the guide part separates from the guide rail. Under the gravity of the coal block, the scraper deflects downward, so that the scraper is in a coal unloading state with an acute angle of inclination to the moving direction of the transmission beam. The coal blocks on the scraper fall into the discharge port to realize the unloading of the raw coal. When the raw coal is unloaded, the scraper reset spring drives the scraper to reset, and the scraper deflects upward, so that the scraper is parallel to the moving direction of the transmission beam, and the coal loading state is restored and maintained. The baffle and scraper continue to move with the transmission belt to continue to transport the raw coal.

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