Magnetic drive, levitating self-correcting rotor pressure exchanger

Abstract

This invention pertains to pressure exchange devices and discloses a magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device. A top shell and a bottom shell are respectively installed at the top and bottom of the internal housing. The top shell has a high-pressure brine inlet and a low-pressure brine outlet, while the bottom shell has a low-pressure seawater inlet and a high-pressure seawater outlet. A rotor assembly is placed inside the internal housing. The rotor assembly includes a rotor body, a rotor channel, and a permanent magnet encapsulation channel, with a permanent magnet embedded in the encapsulation channel. A first levitation correction group, a drive group, and a second levitation correction group are arranged on the outer rotating surface of the internal housing and protected by the outer shell. The drive group is located at the axial center of the internal housing and interacts with the permanent magnet to drive the rotor assembly to rotate. The first and second levitation correction groups have identical structures and are symmetrically arranged, located above and below the drive group respectively, and interact with the permanent magnet to maintain the rotor assembly in a levitation equilibrium state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to pressure exchange devices, specifically, to a rotor-type pressure exchange device. Background Technology

[0002] Reverse osmosis (RO) seawater desalination technology, as a mature freshwater production technology, has been widely used in large, medium, and small seawater desalination plants in China. However, the operating pressure (pre-membrane pressure) of RO seawater desalination systems can reach 5.5 MPa-8.0 MPa. The pressure of the concentrated brine after passing through the RO membrane is only about 0.2 MPa lower than the pre-membrane inlet pressure. Directly discharging through a pressure reducing valve would result in serious energy waste. Pressure exchange devices can effectively recover the pressure energy from the high-pressure brine, thereby significantly reducing the operating energy consumption of RO seawater desalination systems.

[0003] Existing pressure exchange devices can be divided into two types: rotary type and valve-controlled type. Valve-controlled pressure exchange devices have a large footprint and require more components; while rotary type pressure exchange devices have been widely used due to their advantages such as simple equipment, small footprint, and large processing capacity.

[0004] Rotary pressure exchangers mainly consist of a rotor, end caps, and an outer sleeve. The rotor maintains its coaxiality through a central positioning shaft, and the flow path is switched by the rotation of the rotor. During rotor rotation, the frictional resistance between the central positioning shaft and the rotor is relatively large, requiring a larger driving force to overcome the friction, which causes some energy loss and increases system energy consumption. The rotation of the rotor can be achieved by external drive or hydraulic self-drive. Taking the PX series products developed by ERI Corporation of the United States as an example, by designing a special hydraulic structure for the end cap, hydraulic self-drive is achieved by utilizing the tangential force and flow rate of the fluid inflow. Although this reduces energy consumption, the end cap structure is relatively complex, and the rotational speed is greatly limited by the flow rate, making it difficult to flexibly adjust the rotational speed and flow rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to solve the related technical problems of rotor-type pressure exchange devices and provides a magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device. By driving the rotor to rotate with magnetic force, the hydraulic configuration of the end cap is simplified. It can not only flexibly adjust the flow rate, but also use magnetic force to achieve centerless levitation of the internal rotor, reducing rotational resistance. At the same time, it can achieve self-correction during the levitation process to maintain the stability of its operation.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device, comprising an inner housing, with a top housing and a bottom housing respectively installed at the top and bottom of the inner housing; the top housing is provided with a high-pressure brine inlet and a low-pressure brine outlet, and the bottom housing is provided with a low-pressure seawater inlet and a high-pressure seawater outlet;

[0008] The outer rotating surface of the inner shell is provided with a first suspension correction group, a drive group, and a second suspension correction group. The first suspension correction group, the drive group, and the second suspension correction group are protected by the outer shell. The drive group is located at the axial middle position of the inner shell and is used to interact with the permanent magnet to drive the rotor group to rotate. One first suspension correction group and one second suspension correction group have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged, located above and below the drive group, respectively, and are used to interact with the permanent magnet to keep the rotor group in a suspended and balanced state.

[0009] The drive assembly includes three third protrusions evenly spaced along the circumference of the inner housing, with no fewer than four third protrusions. Each third protrusion is wound with an energized coil, with one end of the coil facing upwards and the other end facing downwards. The two coil ends of each energized coil are connected to positive and negative poles, respectively. The upward or downward ends of two adjacent energized coils are also connected to positive and negative poles, respectively. The positive and negative poles are switched via an external frequency converter.

[0010] The first suspension correction group includes a first boss and a second boss that are spaced apart along the axial direction of the inner shell and are arranged vertically and correspondingly. The first boss and the second boss are distributed circumferentially in the inner shell and correspond one-to-one with the third boss. A first figure-eight coil is wound around the outside of the first boss and the outside of the second boss in each group. The two first figure-eight coils on opposite sides of the circumference are connected by a first connection line of two figure-eight coils.

[0011] The second suspension correction group includes a fourth protrusion and a fifth protrusion that are spaced apart along the axial direction of the inner shell and are arranged vertically and correspondingly. The fourth protrusion and the fifth protrusion are distributed circumferentially in the inner shell in a one-to-one correspondence with the third protrusion. A second figure-eight coil is wound around the outer side of each group of vertically and corresponding fourth protrusions and the outer side of the fifth protrusion. The two second figure-eight coils on opposite sides of the circumference are connected by two second figure-eight coil connecting wires.

[0012] The inner housing contains a rotor assembly, which includes a rotor body. A permanent magnet encapsulation channel is provided between the rotor body's rotor channel and its outer rotating surface. The permanent magnet encapsulation channel extends axially along the rotor body and is evenly spaced circumferentially. A permanent magnet is embedded within the permanent magnet encapsulation channel. The upper and lower ends of the permanent magnet are encapsulated by a first encapsulation block and a second encapsulation block, respectively. The first and second encapsulation blocks are respectively embedded at both ends of each permanent magnet encapsulation channel to form a seal. The number of permanent magnets, energized coils, the first figure-eight coil, and the second figure-eight coil are the same. The two positive poles or two negative poles of adjacent permanent magnets face towards and away from the central axis of the rotor body, respectively. End caps are installed between the rotor assembly and the top housing, and between the rotor assembly and the bottom housing.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner housing, the top housing, the bottom housing, the first boss, the second boss, the third boss, the fourth boss, the fifth boss, the rotor body, the end cover, and the outer housing are all made of non-magnetic materials.

[0014] Furthermore, the top housing and the bottom housing are respectively fixed to the inner housing by axially arranged bolts, which are evenly distributed in a ring on the top housing and the bottom housing.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning of the outer housing is achieved by the pairing and assembly of positioning pins and positioning holes respectively provided on the outer housing, the top housing, and the bottom housing; the fixing of the outer housing is achieved by the clamping force provided by the bolts installed on the top housing and the bottom housing.

[0016] Furthermore, the two coil interfaces of the same energized coil are respectively connected to the first and third energized coil wires, or respectively connected to the second and fourth energized coil wires; the two upward-facing interfaces of two adjacent energized coils are respectively connected to the first and second energized coil wires, and the two downward-facing interfaces of two adjacent energized coils are respectively connected to the third and fourth energized coil wires; the first and fourth energized coil wires are used to connect to the same interface of the external frequency converter, and the second and third energized coil wires are used to connect to another interface of the external frequency converter; the two different interfaces of the external frequency converter are used alternately as positive and negative poles.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotor body is provided with a hollow channel along its central axis.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the first encapsulation block and the second encapsulation block are flush with the upper and lower ends of the rotor body.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper and lower end caps have identical structures and are symmetrically arranged. Each end cap is provided with an axially penetrating low-pressure channel and a high-pressure channel. The end face of the end cap relative to the bottom shell or the top shell is provided with a high-pressure sealing groove and a low-pressure sealing groove. Sealing rings are installed in both the high-pressure sealing groove and the low-pressure sealing groove, respectively, to achieve sealing of the high-pressure fluid and the low-pressure fluid. A circumferential sealing ring is provided on the outer rotating surface of the end cap to achieve sealing of the high-pressure fluid in the circumferential liquid film of the rotor assembly with the low-pressure fluid on the end face of the end cap.

[0020] Furthermore, the low-pressure channel and the high-pressure channel are axially connected by a single cross-section.

[0021] Furthermore, the top housing, the bottom housing, and the end cap are all provided with positioning holes. By matching the positioning holes with each other and assembling pins, the positioning of the end cap with the top housing and the end cap with the bottom housing can be achieved.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] (I) The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor pressure exchange device of the present invention uses a permanent magnet embedded in the rotor assembly and an energized coil installed on the inner shell. The rotor assembly is driven to rotate by the interaction force of the magnetic fields generated by the two. The power that causes the rotor assembly to rotate can be adjusted by changing the magnetization of the permanent magnet and the switching frequency of the current in the energized coil. In this way, the rotation speed and flow rate of the rotor assembly are not related, and the rotation speed and flow rate can be adjusted flexibly and independently. At the same time, the new magnetic drive method eliminates the need to consider the hydraulic drive problem. The end cap design does not need to consider the hydraulic structure of the axial spiral gradient, and a simple configuration that maintains the axial uniform cross section can be achieved, which is convenient for manufacturing.

[0024] (II) The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor pressure exchange device of the present invention has a drive group arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner shell, and a levitation correction group is evenly arranged above and below the drive group. Under the influence of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet in the rotor group, the figure-eight coil of the levitation correction group can generate an induced electromotive force when the rotor is not in a levitation equilibrium state, and adjust the rotor group to a levitation equilibrium state. At this time, the induced electromotive force in the figure-eight coil disappears, so that the rotor group can still maintain a levitation equilibrium state when there is no central positioning shaft, eliminating the large frictional resistance caused by the central positioning shaft and reducing the overall energy consumption of the device.

[0025] (III) The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor pressure exchange device of the present invention connects the figure-eight coils in the 180° circumferential direction in the levitation correction group in pairs. Under the influence of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet in the rotor group, the two connected figure-eight coils generate an induced electromotive force when the rotor is deviated in the radial direction, which adjusts the rotor group to a levitation equilibrium state. At this time, the induced electromotive force in the two connected figure-eight coils disappears, realizing the self-correction of the rotor group in the levitation process without the need for other external correction equipment, ensuring the coaxiality during rotation, reducing the vibration caused by unbalanced rotation of the rotor, extending the service life of the equipment, and making the device structure more compact and the operation process more stable. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view of a rotor-type pressure exchange device with the outer casing removed, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is an external view of the rotor-type pressure exchange device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of the rotor-type pressure exchange device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a radial sectional view of the rotor body in the rotor-type pressure exchange device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the relative relationship between the permanent magnet and the energized coil in the rotor-type pressure exchange device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is an overall view of the end cover of the rotor-type pressure exchange device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a top housing diagram of the rotor-type pressure exchange device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram above: 1. High-pressure brine inlet;

[0034] 2. Low-pressure brine outlet;

[0035] 3. Top housing; 301. First positioning hole, 302. First bolt hole, 303. Second positioning hole;

[0036] 4. First suspension correction group; 401. First boss, 402. First figure-eight coil, 403. First connection of figure-eight coil, 404. Second boss;

[0037] 5. Drive group; 501. First connection of energized coil, 502. Second connection of energized coil, 503. Third boss, 504. Energized coil, 505. Third connection of energized coil, 506. Fourth connection of energized coil;

[0038] 6. Second suspension correction group; 601. Fourth boss; 602. Second figure-eight coil; 603. Second connection of figure-eight coil; 604. Fifth boss;

[0039] 7. Internal casing;

[0040] 8. Bottom housing; 801. Third positioning hole; 802. Second bolt hole;

[0041] 9. Low-pressure seawater inlet;

[0042] 10. High-pressure seawater outlet;

[0043] 11. Rotor assembly; 1101. First encapsulation block; 1102. Permanent magnet; 1103. Rotor body; 1104. Second encapsulation block; 1105. Rotor channel; 1106. Permanent magnet encapsulation channel; 1107. Hollow channel;

[0044] 12. End cap; 1201. Low-pressure channel; 1202. High-pressure channel; 1203. High-pressure sealing groove; 1204. Circumferential sealing ring; 1205. Fourth positioning hole; 1206. Low-pressure sealing groove;

[0045] 13. Outer housing; 1301. First locating pin; 1302. Second locating pin. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To further understand the invention's content, features, and effects, the following embodiments are provided, along with detailed descriptions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0047] This invention is based on the basic rotor-type pressure exchange device structure, and adds a drive group 5 and a permanent magnet 1102 to realize the magnetic drive function; removes the central positioning shaft, and adds a first suspension correction group 4 and a second suspension correction group 6 to realize the suspension and self-correction function of the rotor.

[0048] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device of the present invention mainly consists of a top shell 3, a first levitation correction group 4, a drive group 5, a second levitation correction group 6, an inner shell 7, a bottom shell 8, a rotor group 11, an end cover 12, and an outer shell 13.

[0049] Both the inner shell 7 and the outer shell 13 are cylindrical structures, made of non-magnetic alloy material. The outer shell 13 is fitted over the inner shell 7. A top shell 3 and a bottom shell 8 are respectively installed on the top and bottom of the inner shell 7 and the outer shell 13. Both the top shell 3 and the bottom shell 8 are made of non-magnetic alloy material. The top shell 3 has multiple (preferably an even number) annularly distributed first bolt holes 302, which are axially penetrating for bolt installation. A bolt blind hole is provided on the top end face of the inner shell 7 to fix the top shell 3 to the inner shell 7. All bolts used are made of non-magnetic material. The bottom shell 8 has multiple (preferably an even number) annularly distributed second bolt holes 802, which are axially penetrating for bolt installation. A bolt blind hole is provided on the bottom end face of the inner shell 7 to fix the bottom shell 8 to the inner shell 7. All bolts used are made of non-magnetic material. The bottom surface of the top housing 3 is provided with several first positioning holes 301, and the top surface of the bottom housing 8 is provided with several third positioning holes 801. Both the first positioning holes 301 and the third positioning holes 801 are axially aligned and do not penetrate each other. The number of each type of positioning hole should be no less than two, preferably three to four, and they should be evenly distributed in a ring. The top and bottom of the outer housing 13 are respectively provided with first positioning pins 1301 and second positioning pins 1302, which are paired with the first positioning holes 301 and the third positioning holes 801 to achieve positioning of the outer housing 13 relative to the top housing 3 and the bottom housing 8, preventing circumferential rotation and radial movement of the outer housing 13. The high-pressure brine inlet 1 and the low-pressure brine outlet 2 are fixed to the top housing 3 by welding, and their outer connecting pipes can be connected using a pipe joint or flange. The low-pressure seawater inlet 9 and the high-pressure seawater outlet 10 are fixed to the bottom housing 8 by welding, and their outer connecting pipes can be connected using a pipe joint or flange.

[0050] The first suspension correction group 4, the drive group 5, and the second suspension correction group 6 are coupled to the outer rotating surface of the inner shell 7, and the outer shell 13 covers the first suspension correction group 4, the drive group 5, and the second suspension correction group 6.

[0051] The drive group 5 interacts with the permanent magnet 1102 within the rotor group 11 to drive the internal rotor group 11 to rotate. The drive group 5 includes a first energized coil connection 501, a second energized coil connection 502, a third boss 503, an energized coil 504, a third energized coil connection 505, and a fourth energized coil connection 506. The third boss 503 is made of a non-magnetic alloy material and is located on the outer rotating surface at the axial center of the inner housing 7, and is evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner housing 7. The number of third bosses 503 should be no less than four, and can be increased to an even number. The third boss 503 protrudes outward relative to the inner housing 7 so that the energized coil 504 can be wound around it. Its cross-section can be rectangular, circular, elliptical, or any shape that allows the energized coil to be wound; in this embodiment, a rectangle is used. The third boss 503 can be welded to the inner housing 7 or integrally formed with the inner housing 7. Each third protrusion 503 is externally wound with an energized coil 504, with one end of the coil facing upwards and the other end facing downwards. The number of turns of the energized coil 504 can be flexibly adjusted according to the weight of the rotor assembly 11 and the required rotational speed range of the rotor assembly 11. The two coil interfaces of each energized coil 504 are connected to the positive and negative poles respectively. The two upward-facing interfaces or the two downward-facing interfaces of two adjacent energized coils 504 are connected to the positive and negative poles respectively, thus forming an alternating pattern of positive and negative interfaces on the top, bottom, left, and right sides of the energized coil 504 (the above distinction between positive and negative poles is only for differentiation; the actual positive and negative poles are adjusted externally).

[0052] Specifically, the two coil interfaces of the same energized coil 504 are connected to the first energized coil connection 501 and the third energized coil connection 505, respectively, or to the second energized coil connection 502 and the fourth energized coil connection 506, respectively. Simultaneously, the two upward-facing interfaces of two adjacent energized coils 504 are connected to the first energized coil connection 501 and the second energized coil connection 502, respectively, and the two downward-facing interfaces of two adjacent energized coils 504 are connected to the third energized coil connection 505 and the fourth energized coil connection 506, respectively. The first energized coil connection 501 and the fourth energized coil connection 506 are used to connect to the same interface of the external frequency converter, while the second energized coil connection 502 and the third energized coil connection 505 are used to connect to another interface of the external frequency converter; the two different interfaces of the external frequency converter are used alternately as positive and negative terminals. The energized coil 504, along with the first connecting wire 501, the second connecting wire 502, the third connecting wire 505, and the fourth connecting wire 506, are all wrapped with insulating material to ensure that no current flows through the coils in contact with each other. The energized coil 504 can be fixed to the first connecting wire 501, the second connecting wire 502, the third connecting wire 505, and the fourth connecting wire 506 by welding.

[0053] A rotor-type pressure exchange device has exactly two suspension correction groups, referred to as the first suspension correction group 4 and the second suspension correction group 6. The first suspension correction group 4 and the second suspension correction group 6 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged, located above and below the drive group 5 respectively. They interact with the permanent magnet 1102 in the rotor group 11 to keep the rotor group 11 in a suspended equilibrium state, and realize the suspension self-correction function during operation.

[0054] The first suspension correction group 4 is located in the upper half of the inner shell 7 (above the drive group 5), and includes a first boss 401, a first figure-eight coil 402, a first connecting wire of the figure-eight coil 403, and a second boss 404. The first boss 401 and the second boss 404 have the same structure and are both made of non-magnetic alloy material. They are spaced apart axially in the inner shell 7 and are arranged vertically and correspondingly, with the first boss 401 on top and the second boss 404 on the bottom. The number of first bosses 401 and second bosses 404 is the same, and they are evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner shell 7. Their circumferential distribution in the inner shell 7 corresponds completely to the third boss 503. The first bosses 401 and the second bosses 404 protrude outward relative to the inner shell 7 so that the first figure-eight coil 402 can be wound around them. Their cross-sectional shape can be rectangular, circular, elliptical, or any shape that allows the first figure-eight coil 402 to be wound. In this embodiment, a rectangle is used. The first bosses 401 and the second bosses 404 can be welded to the inner shell 7 or integrally formed with the inner shell 7. A first figure-eight coil 402 is wound in a twisted figure-eight shape around the exterior of the corresponding first protrusion 401 and second protrusion 404. The number of first figure-eight coils 402 is the same as the number of first protrusions 401 and second protrusions 404. The two interfaces of the two first figure-eight coils 402 located on opposite sides of the circumference (i.e., at a 180° angle) are connected by two first figure-eight coil connecting wires 403. Both the first figure-eight coils 402 and the first figure-eight coil connecting wires 403 are wrapped with insulating material to ensure that no current flows through the coils in contact. The first figure-eight coils 402 and the first figure-eight coil connecting wires 403 are fixed together by welding.

[0055] The second suspension correction group 6 is located in the lower half of the inner housing 7 (below the drive group 5), and includes a fourth boss 601, a second figure-eight coil 602, a second connecting wire of the figure-eight coil 603, and a fifth boss 604. The fourth boss 601 and the fifth boss 604 have the same structure and are both made of non-magnetic alloy material. They are spaced apart axially in the inner housing 7 and are arranged vertically, with the fourth boss 601 on top and the fifth boss 604 on the bottom. The number of fourth bosses 601 and fifth bosses 604 is the same, and they are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner housing 7, and their circumferential distribution corresponds completely to that of the third boss 503. The fourth protrusion 601 and the fifth protrusion 604 protrude outward relative to the inner housing 7 so that the second figure-eight coil 602 can be wound around them. Their cross-sectional shape can be rectangular, circular, elliptical, or any shape that allows the second figure-eight coil 602 to be wound; in this embodiment, a rectangle is used. The fourth protrusion 601 and the fifth protrusion 604 can be welded to the inner housing 7 or integrally formed with it. One second figure-eight coil 602 is wound in a twisted figure-eight shape around the corresponding upper and lower fourth protrusions 601 and fifth protrusions 604. The number of second figure-eight coils 602 is the same as the number of fourth protrusions 601 and fifth protrusions 604. The two interfaces of the two second figure-eight coils 602 located on opposite sides of the circumference (i.e., at a 180° angle) are connected by two second figure-eight coil wires 603. Both the second figure-eight coils 602 and the second figure-eight coil wires 603 are wrapped with insulating material to ensure that no current flows through the coils in contact with each other. The second figure-eight coils 602 and the second figure-eight coil wires 603 are fixed together by welding.

[0056] Combination Figures 3-5As shown, the rotor assembly 11 is located inside the inner housing 7 and includes a first encapsulation block 1101, a permanent magnet 1102, a rotor body 1103, and a second encapsulation block 1104. The rotor body 1103 is made of a wear-resistant, non-magnetic material and, in addition to the rotor channel 1105, also has multiple permanent magnet encapsulation channels 1106. The permanent magnet encapsulation channels 1106 extend axially along the rotor body 1103 and are evenly spaced circumferentially. The permanent magnet encapsulation channels 1106 are located between the rotor channel 1105 and the outer rotating surface of the rotor body 1103. The permanent magnet 1102 is embedded in the permanent magnet encapsulation channel 1106. The upper and lower ends of the permanent magnet 1102 are encapsulated by the first encapsulation block 1101 and the second encapsulation block 1104, respectively, to prevent water from contacting the permanent magnet 1102 and to seal the permanent magnet 1102. The first encapsulation block 1101 and the second encapsulation block 1104 are sealing materials with good elasticity and wear resistance. They are respectively embedded and installed at both ends of each permanent magnet encapsulation channel 1106, and the outer surfaces of the first encapsulation block 1101 and the second encapsulation block 1104 are flush with the upper and lower ends of the rotor body 1103. The first encapsulation block 1101 and the second encapsulation block 1104 can be fixed by applying adhesive to their surfaces in contact with the permanent magnets 1102. The arrangement of each permanent magnet 1102 should ensure that the positive and negative poles of adjacent permanent magnets 1102 are opposite, that is, the two positive poles or the two negative poles of adjacent permanent magnets 1102 face towards the central axis of the rotor body 1103 and away from the central axis of the rotor body 1103, respectively. The amount of magnetization of the permanent magnet 1102 depends on the gravity of the rotor assembly 11 and the required rotational speed range of the rotor assembly 11. The number of permanent magnets 1102 is the same as that of the third boss 503, the energized coil 504, the first boss 401, the second boss 404, the first figure-eight coil 402, the fourth boss 601, the fifth boss 604, and the second figure-eight coil 602. The top of the first figure-eight coil 402 and the bottom of the second figure-eight coil 602 are flush with the upper and lower end faces of the permanent magnet 1102, respectively.

[0057] Preferably, the rotor body 1103 has a hollow channel 1107 along its central axis. The hollow channel 1107 is used to reduce the weight of the rotor body 1103 and reduce the magnetic force required to drive the rotor assembly 11 to rotate. During normal operation, fluid flows through the rotating rotor channel 1105. Due to the magnetic force, the rotor assembly 11 rotates in a suspended equilibrium state at the center of the inner shell 7 during normal operation. The suspended equilibrium state refers to a dynamic stable state in which the thickness of the liquid film on the end face gap between the upper and lower end faces of the rotor assembly 11 and the end face of the end cover 12 is basically equal, and the thickness of the circumferential liquid film between the outer circumference of the rotor assembly 11 and the inner circumference of the inner shell 7 is basically equal.

[0058] Combination Figure 6As shown, end caps 12 are installed between the rotor assembly 11 and the top housing 3, and between the rotor assembly 11 and the bottom housing 8, respectively. The upper and lower end caps 12 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. They are both made of wear-resistant non-magnetic material.

[0059] The end cap 12 is provided with an axially penetrating low-pressure channel 1201 and a high-pressure channel 1202, used for the flow of high-pressure brine and high-pressure seawater, and low-pressure brine and low-pressure seawater, respectively. The end face of the end cap 12 relative to the bottom housing 8 or the top housing 3 is provided with a high-pressure sealing groove 1203 and a low-pressure sealing groove 1206. Sealing rings are installed in both the high-pressure sealing groove 1203 and the low-pressure sealing groove 1206 to form a high-pressure sealing area and a low-pressure sealing area, respectively. The high-pressure sealing groove 1203 is generally located around the high-pressure channel 1202, and its outline is usually annular. The low-pressure sealing groove 1206 is generally located near the outer edge of the end cap 12, and its outline is usually annular. Furthermore, the outer side of the low-pressure sealing groove 1206 should not be too close to the outer circumference of the end cap 12 to ensure the strength of the seal. A circumferential sealing ring 1204 is provided on the outer rotating surface of the end cap 12 to prevent leakage of high-pressure fluid from the circumferential liquid film of the rotor assembly 11.

[0060] High-pressure brine flowing in through high-pressure brine inlet 1 flows through high-pressure channel 1202 of end cap 12 and enters rotor channel 1105 for pressure exchange. Low-pressure brine that has completed pressure exchange inside rotor channel 1105 flows through low-pressure channel 1201 of end cap 12 and exits through low-pressure brine outlet 2. Unlike hydraulically driven rotor-type pressure exchange devices that require an axially spirally tapered hydraulic structure to achieve rotor rotation by utilizing the tangential component force of the fluid inflow, where the rotational speed is highly correlated with the fluid flow rate and spiral angle, this invention relies on magnetic drive. Therefore, the low-pressure channel 1201 and high-pressure channel 1202 of end cap 12 do not require a complex hydraulic structure and can maintain an axially uniform cross-section through structure.

[0061] Combination Figure 7 As shown, in addition to the first positioning hole 301 and the first bolt hole 302, the top housing 3 has a second positioning hole 303 on its surface relative to the end cover 12. The second positioning hole 303 and the fourth positioning hole 1205 on the opposite surface of the end cover 12 are paired and fitted with pins to achieve the positioning of the end cover 12. The second positioning hole 303 and the fourth positioning hole 1205 are both blind holes, the same in number (generally no less than 2), and evenly distributed in a ring. The positioning method of the bottom housing 8 and the end cover 12 is the same as that of the top housing 3 and the end cover 12, and will not be described again here.

[0062] The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device of the present invention operates as follows:

[0063] The pressure exchange device operates through a pressurization process and a depressurization process. The pressurization process involves high-pressure brine flowing in from the high-pressure brine inlet 1, passing through the high-pressure channel 1202 into the rotor channel 1105, pressurizing the low-pressure seawater pre-filled inside the rotor channel 1105. The pressurized high-pressure seawater is then discharged sequentially from the rotor channel 1105, the high-pressure channel 1202, and the high-pressure seawater outlet 10. The depressurization process involves low-pressure seawater flowing in from the low-pressure seawater inlet 9, passing through the low-pressure channel 1201 into the rotor channel 1105, depressurizing the high-pressure brine inside the rotor channel 1105. The depressurized low-pressure brine is then discharged sequentially from the rotor channel 1105, the low-pressure channel 1201, and the low-pressure brine outlet 2.

[0064] The rotor driving process is as follows: The energized coil 504 in the drive group 5 is connected to an external frequency converter through the first connection 501, the second connection 502, the third connection 505, and the third connection 506 of the energized coil. The external frequency converter changes the direction of current flow in the energized coil 504 by switching its positive and negative poles, thereby changing the direction of the magnetic field generated by the energized coil 504. The direction of the magnetic field generated by the energized coil 504 is the same as or opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 1102 encapsulated inside the rotor group 11, causing the rotor group 11 to be subjected to attractive and repulsive forces and thus rotate. During the movement of the rotor group 11, both of these forces are driving forces. The magnitude of the driving force depends on the magnetization of the permanent magnet 1102, the magnitude of the current in the energized coil 504, and the frequency of the current direction change.

[0065] The rotor suspension correction process is as follows: When the rotor assembly 11 is in a suspension equilibrium state, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 1102 encapsulated inside the rotor assembly 11 causes the induced electromotive force generated by the first figure-eight coil 402 in the first suspension correction assembly 4 and the second figure-eight coil 602 in the second suspension correction assembly 6 to be 0. At this time, no current flows through the first figure-eight coil 402 and the second figure-eight coil 602, and the rotor assembly 11 maintains its suspension equilibrium state. When the rotor assembly 11 shifts downward, the magnetic flux through the upper and lower loops of the figure-eight coil 402 is different, with the magnetic flux through the upper loop being smaller. This results in a smaller induced electromotive force (EMF) in the upper loop compared to the lower loop, generating an induced current inside the first figure-eight coil 402. The magnetic field generated by this induced current interacts with the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 1102, causing the rotor assembly 11 to return to a suspended equilibrium state. When the rotor assembly 11 shifts upward, the magnetic flux through the upper and lower loops of the figure-eight coil 602 is different, with the magnetic flux through the lower loop being smaller. This results in a smaller induced EMF in the lower loop compared to the upper loop, generating an induced current inside the second figure-eight coil 602. The magnetic field generated by this induced current interacts with the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 1102, causing the rotor assembly 11 to return to a suspended equilibrium state. Since the figure-eight coils on the opposite side are in a connected state, when the rotor assembly 11 shifts left and right, the two opposite figure-eight coils parallel to the direction of shift will also generate an induced electromotive force due to the movement of the magnetic field of the rotor assembly 11, and then generate an induced current in the two opposite figure-eight coils. The magnetic field generated by this will also cause the rotor assembly 11 to return to the suspended equilibrium state.

[0066] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many specific modifications under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and these modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device, characterized in that, It includes an inner shell, with a top shell and a bottom shell respectively installed at the top and bottom of the inner shell; the top shell is provided with a high-pressure brine inlet and a low-pressure brine outlet, and the bottom shell is provided with a low-pressure seawater inlet and a high-pressure seawater outlet; The outer rotating surface of the inner shell is provided with a first suspension correction group, a drive group, and a second suspension correction group. The first suspension correction group, the drive group, and the second suspension correction group are protected by the outer shell. The drive group is located at the axial center of the inner shell and is used to interact with the permanent magnet to drive the rotor group to rotate. One first suspension correction group and one second suspension correction group have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged, located above and below the drive group, respectively, and are used to interact with the permanent magnet to keep the rotor group in a suspended and balanced state. The drive assembly includes three third protrusions evenly spaced along the circumference of the inner housing, with no fewer than four third protrusions. Each third protrusion is wound with an energized coil, with one end of the coil facing upwards and the other end facing downwards. The two coil ends of each energized coil are connected to positive and negative poles, respectively. The upward or downward ends of two adjacent energized coils are also connected to positive and negative poles, respectively. The positive and negative poles are switched via an external frequency converter. The first suspension correction group includes a first boss and a second boss that are spaced apart along the axial direction of the inner shell and are arranged vertically and correspondingly. The first boss and the second boss are distributed circumferentially in the inner shell and correspond one-to-one with the third boss. A first figure-eight coil is wound around the outside of the first boss and the outside of the second boss in each group. The two first figure-eight coils on opposite sides of the circumference are connected by a first connection line of two figure-eight coils. The second suspension correction group includes a fourth protrusion and a fifth protrusion that are spaced apart along the axial direction of the inner shell and are arranged vertically and correspondingly. The fourth protrusion and the fifth protrusion are distributed circumferentially in the inner shell in a one-to-one correspondence with the third protrusion. A second figure-eight coil is wound around the outer side of each group of vertically and corresponding fourth protrusions and the outer side of the fifth protrusion. The two second figure-eight coils on opposite sides of the circumference are connected by two second figure-eight coil connecting wires. The inner housing contains a rotor assembly, which includes a rotor body. A permanent magnet encapsulation channel is provided between the rotor body's rotor channel and its outer rotating surface. The permanent magnet encapsulation channel extends axially along the rotor body and is evenly spaced circumferentially. A permanent magnet is embedded within the permanent magnet encapsulation channel. The upper and lower ends of the permanent magnet are encapsulated by a first encapsulation block and a second encapsulation block, respectively. The first and second encapsulation blocks are respectively embedded at both ends of each permanent magnet encapsulation channel to form a seal. The number of permanent magnets, energized coils, the first figure-eight coil, and the second figure-eight coil are the same. The two positive poles or two negative poles of adjacent permanent magnets face towards and away from the central axis of the rotor body, respectively. End caps are installed between the rotor assembly and the top housing, and between the rotor assembly and the bottom housing.

2. The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner housing, the top housing, the bottom housing, the first boss, the second boss, the third boss, the fourth boss, the fifth boss, the rotor body, the end cover, and the outer housing are all made of non-magnetic material.

3. The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top housing and the bottom housing are respectively fixed to the inner housing by axially arranged bolts, which are evenly distributed in a ring on the top housing and the bottom housing.

4. The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning of the outer housing is achieved by the matching assembly of positioning pins and positioning holes respectively provided on the outer housing, the top housing, and the bottom housing; the fixing of the outer housing is achieved by the clamping force provided by the bolts installed on the top housing and the bottom housing.

5. The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two coil interfaces of the same energized coil are respectively connected to the first and third energized coil wires, or respectively connected to the second and fourth energized coil wires; the two upward-facing interfaces of two adjacent energized coils are respectively connected to the first and second energized coil wires, and the two downward-facing interfaces of two adjacent energized coils are respectively connected to the third and fourth energized coil wires; the first and fourth energized coil wires are used to connect to the same interface of an external frequency converter, and the second and third energized coil wires are used to connect to another interface of an external frequency converter; the two different interfaces of the external frequency converter are used alternately as positive and negative terminals.

6. The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor body has a hollow channel along its central axis.

7. The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surfaces of the first and second encapsulation blocks are flush with the upper and lower ends of the rotor body.

8. The magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower end caps have identical structures and are symmetrically arranged. Each end cap has an axially penetrating low-pressure channel and a high-pressure channel. The end face of the end cap relative to the bottom shell or the top shell has a high-pressure sealing groove and a low-pressure sealing groove. Sealing rings are installed in both the high-pressure sealing groove and the low-pressure sealing groove to achieve sealing of the high-pressure fluid and the low-pressure fluid, respectively. A circumferential sealing ring is provided on the outer rotating surface of the end cap to achieve sealing of the high-pressure fluid in the circumferential liquid film of the rotor assembly with the low-pressure fluid on the end face of the end cap.

9. A magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The low-pressure channel and the high-pressure channel are axially connected by a single cross-section.

10. A magnetically driven, levitation self-correcting rotor-type pressure exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top housing, the bottom housing, and the end cap are all provided with positioning holes. By matching the positioning holes with each other and assembling pins, the end cap is positioned relative to the top housing and the end cap is positioned relative to the bottom housing.

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