Special foaming agent for preparing emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a foaming agent special for an emulsion explosive and a preparation method of the foaming agent. The foaming agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-15% of sodium nitrite, 1-2% of zinc nitrate, 0.2-0.5% of gelatin peptone, 2-3% of Tween 80, 10-15% of phosphoric acid, 5-10% of urea and 54.5-71.8% of water. The emulsion explosive prepared from the foaming agent has good blasting performance and storage performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of emulsion explosives, in particular to a special foaming agent for emulsion explosives. Background Art

[0002] Emulsion explosive is a mixed explosive, which is usually formed by uniformly dispersing an inorganic oxidant salt solution in an oil phase continuous medium of porous materials such as bubbles or hollow glass microspheres under the action of an emulsifier to form an oil-in-water emulsion explosive. The components of emulsion explosives include: oxidizer, combustible agent, emulsifier, sensitizer, foaming agent, stabilizer, etc. The foaming agent forms tiny bubbles in the emulsified colloid, and uses the tiny bubbles to generate hot spots to increase the density of the explosive. At present, the foaming agent is usually a physical foaming agent and a chemical foaming agent. Among them, the physical foaming agent has poor performance, large dosage, and high cost. Its properties are granular and cause great wear and tear on the preparation equipment; ordinary chemical foaming agents have unstable bubbles, sensitized bubbles are easy to escape, poor dispersibility, low explosion velocity, and large surface tension between the foaming agent and the emulsified matrix, resulting in poor storage stability. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned foaming agent, the present invention provides a foaming agent specially used for preparing emulsion explosives. The foaming agent can be quickly dispersed in the emulsified matrix, can make the bubbles stable and not easy to escape, has good dispersibility and sensitization performance, and significantly improves the performance and storage effect of the emulsion explosive.

[0004] The invention provides a special foaming agent for preparing emulsion explosives. The foaming agent comprises the following components: sodium nitrite, zinc nitrate, gelatin peptone, Tween 80, phosphoric acid, urea and water. The specific weight percentages of the components are as follows: sodium nitrite: 10-15%, zinc nitrate: 1-2%, gelatin peptone: 0.2-0.5%, Tween 80: 2-3%, phosphoric acid: 10-15%, urea: 5-10%, and water: 54.5-71.8%.

[0005] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a special foaming agent for emulsion explosives, comprising the following steps: Water and Tween 80 are added and stirred until there are no micelles, then sodium nitrite, zinc nitrate, phosphoric acid and urea are added and stirred until there are no micelles, then gelatin peptone is added to obtain a special foaming agent for emulsion explosives.

[0006] Specifically, step 1: adding water and Tween 80 and stirring for 20 minutes; Step 2: Add sodium nitrite, zinc nitrate, phosphoric acid and urea and stir for 1-2 hours; Step 3: Add gelatin peptone and stir for 1.5-2 hours until there is no micelle to obtain a special foaming agent for emulsion explosives.

[0007] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: Traditional foaming agents include zinc nitrate, Tween 80 and gelatin peptone. Gelatin peptone is a green and pure natural raw material, which effectively reduces the surface tension of the emulsified matrix and increases the contact area between the foaming agent and the emulsified matrix. Zinc nitrate catalyzes the foaming efficiency, and Tween 80 makes the bubbles stable and not easy to escape. Adding the above three components to the foaming agent reduces equipment wear in the process of preparing emulsion explosives and significantly improves the performance and storage effect of emulsion explosives. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The following embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0009] Example 1: Foaming agent 1 for emulsion explosives

[0010] According to the weight percentage of the above components, water and Tween 80 are added and stirred for 20 minutes until there are no micelles, then sodium nitrite, zinc nitrate, phosphoric acid and urea are added and stirred for 2 hours until there are no micelles, and finally gelatin peptone is added and stirred for 2 hours until there are no micelles to obtain a special foaming agent for emulsion explosives.

[0011] Example 2: Foaming agent 2 for emulsion explosives

[0012] According to the weight percentage of the above components, water and Tween 80 are added and stirred for 20 minutes until there are no micelles, then sodium nitrite, zinc nitrate, phosphoric acid and urea are added and stirred for 2 hours until there are no micelles, and finally gelatin peptone is added and stirred for 2 hours until there are no micelles to obtain a special foaming agent for emulsion explosives.

[0013] Embodiment 3: The above-mentioned special foaming agent 1 or 2 for emulsion explosive is used to prepare emulsion explosive. The specific preparation method is: (1) Preparation of aqueous phase: 8 parts of water by mass are injected into the tank and steam pressurized until the temperature is maintained at 100°C and the steam pressure is maintained at 0.5 MPa; first, 7 parts of calcium nitrate by mass are added to the tank and stirred to dissolve, and then 78 parts of ammonium nitrate by mass are added and stirred at 100°C to dissolve; wherein the ammonium nitrate is an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate with a mass content of 90%; the concentration of calcium nitrate is 30%; (2) Preparation of oil phase: Mix 2.5 parts by weight of composite wax and 2.2 parts by weight of traditional emulsifier (Span-80), and continue stirring to dissolve; (3) Emulsification and sensitization: The water phase and the oil phase are mixed in a ratio of 9:1 for emulsification. After cooling, they are transferred into a sensitizer. 0.4 parts by mass of special foaming agent 1 or special foaming agent 2 are added and sprayed evenly. After stirring and sensitization in the upper and lower layers of the sensitizer, they are finally loaded and packaged.

[0014] The performance test of the prepared colloidal emulsion explosive was carried out, and the results are shown in the following table:

[0015] Note: In the numerical values, / the left side is the special foaming agent 1 for emulsion explosives, / the right side is the special foaming agent 2 for emulsion explosives.

[0016] Comparative Example 1: The emulsion explosive is prepared by using a common conventional foaming agent, wherein the common conventional foaming agent includes the following components, sodium nitrite, phosphoric acid, urea and water, and the specific weight percentage of each component is as follows: sodium nitrite: 10%, phosphoric acid: 10%, urea: 5%, water: 75%. The preparation method includes the following steps: Add water, sodium nitrite, phosphoric acid and urea, stir and mix until there are no micelles to obtain a common traditional foaming agent.

[0017] The preparation steps of other emulsion explosives are the same as those in Example 3, and the performance is tested. The results are shown in the following table:

[0018] Comparative Example 2 An emulsion explosive is prepared by using an improved foaming agent in the prior art, wherein the foaming agent includes the following components: sodium nitrite, phosphoric acid, urea, kudzu root powder, sodium lauryl sulfate and water, and the specific weight percentages of each component are as follows: sodium nitrite: 10%, phosphoric acid: 10%, urea: 5%, kudzu root powder: 2%, sodium lauryl sulfate: 0.5%, water: 72.5%. The preparation method includes the following steps: Water, kudzu root powder, sodium nitrite, phosphoric acid, urea and sodium dodecyl sulfate are added and stirred and mixed until there are no micelles to obtain a foaming agent.

[0019] The preparation steps of other emulsion explosives are the same as those in Example 3, and the performance is tested. The results are shown in the following table:

[0020] By comparing with the traditional foaming agent and the improved foaming agent, it can be seen that the special foaming agent for emulsion explosives of the present invention effectively reduces the surface tension of the emulsified matrix due to the addition of zinc nitrate, Tween 80 and gelatin peptone, increases the contact area between the foaming agent and the emulsified matrix, catalyzes the foaming, and makes the bubble stable and not easy to escape, thereby significantly improving the performance and storage effect of the emulsion explosive.

[0021] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For those skilled in the art, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. The preparation of emulsion explosives in this specification is a prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field, and no further elaboration is given here.

Claims

1. A special foaming agent for preparing emulsion explosives, characterized in that: The composition includes sodium nitrite, zinc nitrate, gelatin peptone, Tween 80, phosphoric acid, urea and water.

2. The foaming agent according to claim 1, characterized in that The weight percentage of each component is as follows: sodium nitrite: 10-15%, zinc nitrate: 1-2%, gelatin peptone: 0.2-0.5%, Tween 80: 2-3%, phosphoric acid: 10-15%, urea: 5-10%, water: 54.5-71.8%.

3. A method for preparing the foaming agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Water and Tween 80 are added and stirred until there are no micelles, then sodium nitrite, zinc nitrate, phosphoric acid and urea are added and stirred until there are no micelles, then gelatin peptone is added to obtain a special foaming agent for emulsion explosives.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Step 1: add water and Tween 80 and stir for 20 minutes; Step 2: add sodium nitrite, zinc nitrate, phosphoric acid and urea and stir for 1-2 hours; Step 3: add gelatin peptone and stir for 1.5-2 hours until there is no micelle to obtain a special foaming agent for emulsion explosives.

5. The use of the blowing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: Used in the preparation of emulsion explosives.

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