A variable piston damper adjustable shock absorber

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of shock absorber, and discloses a variable piston damping adjustable shock absorber, which is used for adjusting the pressure of internal high-pressure gas by using the adjusting knob to make the adjusting rod axially move; the variable piston is internally provided with a channel connected with the internal hollow piston rod, and externally fixedly connected with a rubber sleeve through a piston end cover; the rubber sleeve has a gap with the working cylinder, and can generate damping force when oil passes through; the rubber sleeve can be adjusted by the internal high-pressure gas pressure to change the gap between the rubber sleeve and the inner wall of the working cylinder, so as to change the damping force and improve the damping effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration damper technology, and more specifically to a variable piston damper with adjustable damping. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of a vehicle's suspension system, automotive shock absorbers play a vital role in reducing vehicle bumps and vibrations, and improving driving stability and handling. With the continuous development of automotive technology, the introduction of adjustable damping technology is of great necessity and significance for the development of shock absorbers, mainly reflected in:

[0003] 1) Improved driving comfort: Adjustable damping technology can adjust the damping force of the shock absorber according to different road conditions and driving environment, thereby reducing the bumps and vibrations of the vehicle during driving and improving ride comfort. In particular, it can provide better shock absorption when facing different road conditions or driving at higher speeds.

[0004] 2) Enhanced driving stability: Adjustable damping technology helps vehicles maintain a stable suspension state, reducing body roll and sway during sharp turns, high-speed driving, or emergency braking, thereby improving driving stability and enhancing the driver's sense of control and safety.

[0005] 3) Enhanced handling performance: Adjustable dampers can be adjusted according to the driver's driving style and preferences, changing the vehicle's suspension characteristics and improving handling performance. Drivers can adjust the damping force as needed to adapt to different driving environments and road conditions, providing a more personalized driving experience.

[0006] 4) Adapting to diverse needs: Different driving conditions and road conditions require different damping effects. By introducing adjustable damping technology, the shock absorber can adapt to various driving needs, meeting the driver's diverse requirements for comfort, stability, and handling, and providing more flexible and comprehensive adjustment options.

[0007] Therefore, this invention proposes a variable piston damping adjustable shock absorber to achieve the function of adjustable damping. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a damping adjustable shock absorber with a variable piston.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A damping adjustable shock absorber with a variable piston includes a working cylinder and left and right end caps respectively disposed at both ends of the working cylinder. A variable piston assembly is provided inside the working cylinder, comprising a variable piston, a shock absorber piston, and a hollow piston rod. The shock absorber piston and the variable piston are respectively connected to the hollow piston rod and placed inside the working cylinder, dividing the working cylinder into a compression chamber and a recovery chamber. A working gap is provided between the variable piston and the inner wall of the working cylinder. By adjusting the variable piston, the size of the working gap can be changed, allowing oil to flow between the compression chamber and the recovery chamber through the working gap, thereby changing the damping force.

[0011] Furthermore, the variable piston includes a piston body and a rubber sleeve; the piston body has a gas passage inside, and the rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside through a piston end cap, and the rubber sleeve is connected to the inside of the hollow piston rod through the gas passage.

[0012] Furthermore, a working gap is provided between the rubber sleeve and the inner wall of the working cylinder. The size of the gap can be changed by pneumatic adjustment. When oil passes through, the damping force can be changed to improve the vibration reduction effect.

[0013] Furthermore, the hollow piston rod is provided with an adjusting rod, which moves axially to change the gas accommodating space of the hollow piston rod, thereby adjusting the pressure of the gas inside the hollow piston rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the hollow piston rod is provided with an adjustment knob at its end, which contacts the adjustment rod for axial adjustment of the hollow piston rod.

[0015] Furthermore, valve plates are provided on both sides of the shock absorber piston. When oil passes through the valve plates, a pressure difference is generated at the valve plates due to the viscosity and flow resistance of the oil. This pressure difference is the source of the damping force. The valve plates control the flow path and speed of the oil inside the shock absorber by their opening and closing states, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the damping force. The shock absorber has two strokes: compression and recovery. The valve plates on the left and right sides act accordingly during different strokes.

[0016] The valve plate has a hole in the middle and is superimposed on the piston rod. One side is attached to the piston, and the other side is restricted by a stop. The valve plate will not move. Only the outer edge is deformed by force to supply oil.

[0017] The shock absorber piston has piston holes that allow oil to flow back and forth. During operation, the valve plate deforms under the pressure of the oil, and the magnitude of this deformation affects the damping force. (Different vehicle models and speeds require different damping forces, which necessitates adjusting the valve plate's structure, such as thickness, diameter, and number.)

[0018] The right side of the variable piston contacts the valve plate, allowing the oil to pass through the valve plate and enter the gap between the rubber sleeve and the working cylinder.

[0019] Furthermore, an O-ring V is provided between the working cylinder and the left end cover, an O-ring I is provided between the working cylinder and the right end cover, an O-ring II is provided between the adjusting rod and the inner wall of the hollow piston rod, an O-ring III is provided between the shock absorber piston and the working cylinder, and an O-ring IV is provided between the floating piston and the working cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, the working cylinder has a floating piston located between the left end cover and the variable piston assembly, and nitrogen gas is filled between the floating piston and the left end cover.

[0021] During use, the adjusting knob is used to move the adjusting rod axially to adjust the pressure of the internal high-pressure gas. The variable piston has an internal channel connected to the hollow piston rod, and a rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside through the piston end cap. There is a gap between the rubber sleeve and the working cylinder, which generates a damping force when oil passes through. The gap between the rubber sleeve and the inner wall of the working cylinder can be adjusted by changing the internal high-pressure gas pressure, thereby changing the damping force and improving the vibration reduction effect.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The damping force is adjusted by utilizing the gap between the pneumatically adjustable variable piston and the working cylinder. This pneumatic adjustment enables rapid air pressure regulation with a fast response time and smooth adjustment, maintaining a stable suspension state during vehicle operation, reducing vehicle bumps and vibrations, and improving ride comfort. Compared to traditional mechanical suspension systems, pneumatic adjustment is typically lighter and can be integrated with other systems, such as electronic control systems and intelligent driving assistance systems, to achieve more functions and optimized effects. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a simplified assembly diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the piston configuration after modification according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the variable piston of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rubber sleeve of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the piston of the shock absorber of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the valve plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the oil flow during the operation of the shock absorber of the present invention;

[0030] In the diagram: 1-Left lifting ring, 2-Left end cap, 3-Working cylinder, 4-Nitrogen, 5-Floating piston, 6-Piston end cap, 7-Variable piston, 8-Rubber sleeve, 9-Shock absorber piston, 10-Valve plate, 11-Hollow piston rod, 12-Right end cap, 13-O-ring seal I, 14-Oil, 15-Adjusting rod, 16-O-ring seal II, 17-O-ring seal III, 18-High-pressure gas, 19-O-ring seal IV, 20-O-ring seal V, 21-Adjusting knob. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate directions or positional relationships based on the appendix. Figure 1 The orientations or positional relationships shown are for the purpose of facilitating and simplifying the description of the present invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a damping adjustable shock absorber with a variable piston includes a left lifting ring 1, a left end cover 2, a working cylinder 3, nitrogen gas 4, a floating piston 5, a piston end cover 6, a variable piston 7, a rubber sleeve 8, a shock absorber piston 9, a valve plate 10, a hollow piston rod 11, a right end cover 12, oil 14, an adjusting rod 15, high-pressure gas 18, and an adjusting knob 21.

[0034] The floating piston 5 separates the gas chamber and the oil chamber, and is equipped with a large-section O-ring or other sealing element to ensure that the oil and the high-pressure nitrogen in the gas chamber do not mix, while allowing the floating piston to move freely. The volume change in the working cylinder caused by the movement of the shock absorber piston rod is compensated for by the high-pressure nitrogen in the gas chamber, which pushes the floating piston up and down. When the shock absorber is compressed, the oil in the working chamber pushes the floating piston downwards, compressing the nitrogen in the gas chamber; when the shock absorber rebounds, the compressed nitrogen pushes the floating piston upwards, helping the oil to flow back. (In actual installation, the shock absorber is vertically installed; the right side in the diagram is the top, and the left side is the bottom.)

[0035] The shock absorber piston 9 and the variable piston 7 are connected to the hollow piston rod 11, placed inside the working cylinder 3, which divides it into a compression chamber and a recovery chamber, and can move within the working cylinder 3; the oil 14 can flow through the piston 9 and the variable piston 7 in the compression chamber and the recovery chamber. Figure 1 The left side is the compression chamber, and the right side is the recovery chamber.

[0036] The adjusting rod 15 is located inside the hollow piston rod 11 and can move axially to compress the high-pressure gas 18 inside the hollow piston rod 11; the adjusting knob 21 is located at the end of the hollow piston rod 11 and is in contact with the adjusting rod 15, and is used to adjust the pressure of the internal high-pressure gas 18.

[0037] The variable piston 7 has an internal channel that connects to the interior of the hollow piston rod 11; the variable piston 7 is externally fixedly connected to a rubber sleeve 8 (similar to an airbag structure that can expand and contract) via a piston end cap 6.

[0038] There is a gap between the rubber sleeve 8 and the working cylinder 3. When the oil 14 passes through, a damping force can be generated. The gap between the rubber sleeve 8 and the inner wall of the working cylinder 3 can be adjusted by changing the pressure of the internal high-pressure gas 18, thereby changing the damping force and improving the vibration reduction effect.

[0039] The right side of the variable piston 7 contacts the valve plate 10, allowing the oil 14 to enter the gap between the rubber sleeve 8 and the working cylinder 3 after passing through the valve plate 10.

[0040] O-rings I13, II16, III17, IV19, and V20 are installed in critical areas to ensure sealing.

[0041] In this example, the adjusting knob is used to move the adjusting rod axially to adjust the pressure of the internal high-pressure gas; the variable piston has a channel inside that connects to the inside of the hollow piston rod, and a rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside through the piston end cap; there is a gap between the rubber sleeve and the working cylinder, which can generate a damping force when oil passes through; the gap between the rubber sleeve and the inner wall of the working cylinder can be adjusted by changing the internal high-pressure gas pressure, thereby changing the damping force and improving the vibration reduction effect.

[0042] Working principle:

[0043] The process of oil flowing through the gap between the rubber sleeve and the working cylinder is an annular gap throttling process, and the theoretical formula is: Where Q is the flow rate, D is the inner diameter of the working cylinder of the shock absorber, μ is the oil viscosity, and δ is the gap width. By adjusting δ, a portion of the damping force ΔP is changed.

[0044] Flow process: such as Figure 7 As shown, during the compression stroke, the piston rod extends into the working cylinder, the piston moves to the left, and the oil flows from left to right through the compression chamber, through the gap, the piston's normally open hole, and the valve plate into the recovery chamber. During the recovery stroke, the piston rod exits the working cylinder, the piston moves to the right, and the oil flows from right to left through the recovery chamber, through the piston's normally open hole, the valve plate, and the gap into the compression chamber. (Since the shock absorber is actually installed vertically, left corresponds to bottom, and right corresponds to top.)

[0045] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0046] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A damping adjustable shock absorber with a variable piston, comprising a working cylinder (3) and a left end cap (2) and a right end cap (12) respectively disposed at both ends of the working cylinder (3); characterized in that, The working cylinder (3) is equipped with a variable piston assembly, which includes a variable piston (7), a damper piston (9), and a hollow piston rod (11). The damper piston (9) and the variable piston (7) are respectively connected to the hollow piston rod (11), placed inside the working cylinder (3), and divide the working cylinder (3) into a compression chamber and a recovery chamber. A working gap is provided between the variable piston (7) and the inner wall of the working cylinder (3). The size of the working gap can be changed by adjusting the variable piston (7). The oil can flow between the compression chamber and the recovery chamber through the working gap, thereby changing the damping force. The variable piston (7) includes a piston body and a rubber sleeve (8); the piston body has a gas passage inside, and the rubber sleeve (8) is fixedly connected to the outside through the piston end cap (6). The rubber sleeve (8) is connected to the inside of the hollow piston rod (11) through the gas passage. The hollow piston rod (11) is provided with an adjustment knob (21) at its end. The adjustment knob (21) contacts the adjustment rod (15) and is used for axial adjustment of the hollow piston rod (11). A working gap is provided between the rubber sleeve (8) and the inner wall of the working cylinder (3). The size of the gap can be changed by pneumatic adjustment. When oil passes through, the damping force can be changed to improve the vibration reduction effect. The working cylinder (3) has a floating piston (5) located between the left end cover (2) and the variable piston assembly, and nitrogen is filled between the floating piston (5) and the left end cover (2).

2. The adjustable damping shock absorber with a variable piston according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow piston rod (11) is provided with an adjusting rod (15). The adjusting rod (15) moves axially to change the gas containment space of the hollow piston rod (11), thereby adjusting the pressure of the gas inside the hollow piston rod (11).

3. The adjustable damping shock absorber with a variable piston according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damper piston (9) is provided with valve plates (10) on both sides, and the side of the variable piston (7) near the damper piston (9) is in contact with the valve plate on the side of the damper piston (9) near the variable piston (7).

4. The adjustable damping shock absorber with a variable piston according to claim 1, characterized in that, O-ring V (20) is provided between the working cylinder (3) and the left end cover (2), O-ring I (13) is provided between the working cylinder (3) and the right end cover (12), O-ring II (16) is provided between the adjusting rod (15) and the inner wall of the hollow piston rod (11), O-ring III (17) is provided between the shock absorber piston (9) and the working cylinder (3), and O-ring IV (19) is provided between the floating piston (5) and the working cylinder (3).

Images