Intelligent temperature-controlled track kiln for sintering red mud-based ceramics

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent temperature-controlled track kiln for sintering red mud-based ceramics, and relates to the technical field of track kilns, comprising: a bracket, in which input tracks and output tracks are distributed up and down; an upper tunnel kiln, in which the input track is located, and is used for preheating ceramics and drying glaze; a lower tunnel kiln, in which the output track is located, and is used for cooling and curing ceramics; a vertical kiln, which is used for heating and sintering ceramics, and is provided with a three-dimensional spiral track inside, in which the input end of the spiral track is connected to the input track, and the output end is connected to the output track, and the upper tunnel kiln and the lower tunnel kiln are connected to the vertical kiln to realize continuous processing of ceramics from preheating to sintering and then to cooling; a plurality of connecting channels are distributed between the upper tunnel kiln and the lower tunnel kiln, and a fan is installed in each connecting channel; the invention has the beneficial effects of continuous processing flow, efficient thermal energy utilization, air flow optimization, strong adaptability, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of track-type kilns, in particular to a red mud-based ceramic sintering intelligent temperature-controlled track-type kiln. Background Art

[0002] As a product of the combination of traditional craftsmanship and modern technology, the manufacturing process of ceramics requires not only fine process control, but also efficient energy utilization and environmentally friendly production methods. Among the many raw materials for ceramics, red mud, as an industrial waste, has gradually been developed into an important raw material for ceramic production due to its unique chemical and physical properties.

[0003] The traditional orbital kiln is one of the main equipment for ceramic sintering. This type of kiln is usually long and has heating pipes and ventilation systems inside to achieve uniform heating and ventilation of the ceramics. However, the orbital kiln has the following shortcomings when sintering red mud-based ceramics:

[0004] Track-type kilns need to be long enough to ensure that the ceramics can be fully preheated, heated, sintered and cooled during the sintering process. This results in a large kiln footprint, high construction costs, and is not conducive to the compact layout of the production line.

[0005] Traditional orbital kilns are usually heated by heating tubes. However, due to the uneven position and power distribution of the heating tubes, there are lateral differences in the temperature inside the kiln, that is, the closer to the side wall, the higher the temperature. This temperature non-uniformity not only affects the sintering quality of the ceramic, but may also lead to inconsistent glaze effects and reduce the qualified rate of the product.

[0006] The air flow of orbital kilns is usually linear, that is, it enters from one end of the kiln and is discharged from the other end after passing through the ceramic. This flow pattern plays a role in ventilation and heat dissipation during the ceramic sintering process. However, when the ceramic needs to be cooled, the introduction of cold air may cause temperature fluctuations in other places in the kiln, affecting the sintering process of other ceramics. The water vapor generated during the ceramic preheating stage may also enter other places in the kiln.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an intelligent temperature-controlled orbital kiln for sintering red mud-based ceramics to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a red mud-based ceramic sintering intelligent temperature-controlled track kiln, comprising:

[0009] A bracket, wherein an input track and an output track are arranged above and below the bracket;

[0010] The upper tunnel kiln, wherein the input track is located in the upper tunnel kiln and is used for preheating ceramics and drying glaze;

[0011] The lower tunnel kiln, wherein the output track is located in the lower tunnel kiln and is used for cooling and curing the ceramics;

[0012] The vertical kiln is used for heating and sintering ceramics, and is provided with a three-dimensional spiral track inside. The input end of the spiral track is connected to the input track, and the output end of the spiral track is connected to the output track. The upper tunnel kiln and the lower tunnel kiln are connected to the vertical kiln to realize continuous processing of ceramics from preheating to sintering and then cooling;

[0013] A plurality of connecting passages are distributed between the upper tunnel kiln and the lower tunnel kiln, and a fan is installed in each of the connecting passages;

[0014] The upper tunnel kiln is connected to the air outlet pipe at the position corresponding to each connecting channel;

[0015] The position of each connecting channel of the lower tunnel kiln is connected to the air inlet pipe;

[0016] The end of the air outlet pipe is connected to an exhaust device, which introduces cold air from the air inlet pipe into the lower tunnel kiln through a fan to cool the ceramics. At the same time, the cooled hot air is blown into the upper tunnel kiln to preheat the ceramics to be sintered, and the humid hot air is extracted from the air outlet pipe through the exhaust device.

[0017] Furthermore, a central tube is fixed at the center of the vertical kiln, and the spiral track is arranged around the outer wall of the central tube;

[0018] The upper end of the central tube is open, and the inner side wall of the lower end is provided with a plurality of air outlets to realize the internal and external circulation of air.

[0019] Furthermore, blades and a rotating shaft are rotatably arranged in the central tube, and the rotating shaft passes through the top of the vertical kiln and is connected to an external driving motor.

[0020] Furthermore, a circle of heating tubes is evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the central tube.

[0021] Furthermore, each of the air outlets is provided with a baffle, and one side of the baffle is rotatably connected to the central tube;

[0022] A gear is fixed at the lower end of the baffle, and a gear ring is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the central tube. The gear ring is meshed with each of the gears. The rotation of the gear ring can drive all the gears and the corresponding baffles to rotate synchronously, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the baffle;

[0023] The gear ring is rotated by a servo motor, and the inclination angle of the baffle can be precisely adjusted by precisely controlling the operation of the servo motor.

[0024] Furthermore, an inner channel with a trumpet-shaped cross section is provided at the position corresponding to each connecting channel below the upper tunnel kiln and the lower tunnel kiln, and two V-shaped lower guide plates are rotatably provided at the bottom opening of the inner channel;

[0025] A plurality of side guide plates are rotatably arranged on both sides above the inner channel.

[0026] Furthermore, the two lower guide plates are both hinged with connecting rods, and the lower ends of the connecting rods are hinged to the piston shafts of the lower lifting cylinders.

[0027] Furthermore, the multiple side guide plates on each side are parallel to each other, and the side guide plates are provided with sliding grooves. The sliding grooves of each side guide plate on the same side are slidably connected to the lifting rods, and each of the lifting rods is connected to the side lifting cylinders.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present invention realizes the continuous treatment of ceramics from preheating, sintering to cooling and curing through the organic combination of the upper tunnel kiln, the vertical kiln and the lower tunnel kiln, which not only simplifies the production steps but also reduces the area occupied by the production line.

[0030] In the present invention, the cold air in the lower tunnel kiln is introduced into the upper tunnel kiln to preheat the ceramics to be sintered, and the cooled hot air is extracted and sent to the lower tunnel kiln for reuse, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving energy utilization efficiency. The air flow direction and flow rate are precisely controlled, and the cooling and preheating air is prevented from inter-circulating with the sintering air, thereby reducing heat energy loss.

[0031] The central tube and spiral track provided in the neutral kiln of the present invention not only optimize the air flow path, but also enable the ceramics to be heated evenly during the heating process. The blade and heating tube design in the central tube further promotes air flow and uniform temperature distribution, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of heat accumulation at the top caused by the rising hot air. At the same time, by adjusting the inclination angle of the baffle and the inclination angle of the guide plate at the air outlet, the air flow rate and flow direction can be accurately controlled to ensure that the ceramics are heated more evenly during the sintering process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral track in the present invention;

[0034] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a neutral kiln according to the present invention;

[0035] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5It is a structural schematic diagram of the inner channel in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower guide plate in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side guide plate in the present invention;

[0039] In the figure: 1. bracket; 2. input track; 3. output track; 4. upper tunnel kiln; 41. air outlet pipe; 5. lower tunnel kiln; 51. air inlet pipe; 6. spiral track; 7. vertical kiln; 8. center tube; 81. air outlet; 82. baffle; 83. gear; 84. gear ring; 85. heating tube; 86. blade; 9. drive motor; 91. rotating shaft; 10. connecting channel; 11. fan; 12. inner channel; 13. lower guide plate; 14. connecting rod; 15. lower lifting cylinder; 16. side guide plate; 17. slideway; 18. lifting rod; 19. side lifting cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] See also Figure 1 to Figure 7 In an embodiment of the present invention, a red mud-based ceramic sintering intelligent temperature-controlled track kiln comprises:

[0041] A bracket 1, wherein an input track 2 and an output track 3 are arranged in the bracket 1 in an upper and lower manner;

[0042] The upper tunnel kiln 4, wherein the input track 2 is located in the upper tunnel kiln 4 and is used for preheating ceramics and drying glaze;

[0043] A lower tunnel kiln 5, wherein the output track 3 is located in the lower tunnel kiln 5 and is used for cooling and curing ceramics;

[0044] The vertical kiln 7 is used for heating and sintering ceramics, and is provided with a three-dimensional spiral track 6 inside. The input end of the spiral track 6 is connected to the input track 2, and the output end of the spiral track 6 is connected to the output track 3. The upper tunnel kiln 4 and the lower tunnel kiln 5 are connected to the vertical kiln 7 to achieve continuous processing of ceramics from preheating to sintering and then cooling;

[0045] Among them, the ceramic to be sintered enters the upper tunnel kiln 4 from the input track 2 for preheating, and then is heated to the sintering temperature in the vertical kiln 7 through the spiral track 6, and then is spirally transported downward to the output track 3 through the spiral track 6, and enters the lower tunnel kiln 5 for cooling treatment;

[0046] A plurality of connecting passages 10 are distributed between the upper tunnel kiln 4 and the lower tunnel kiln 5, and a fan 11 is installed in each of the connecting passages 10;

[0047] The upper tunnel kiln 4 is connected to the air outlet pipe 41 at the position corresponding to each connecting channel 10;

[0048] The position of each connecting channel 10 of the lower tunnel kiln 5 is connected to the air inlet pipe 51;

[0049] The end of the air outlet pipe 41 is connected with an exhaust device, and the cold air from the air inlet pipe 51 is introduced into the lower tunnel kiln 5 through the fan 11 to cool the ceramics, and the cooled hot air is blown into the upper tunnel kiln 4 to preheat the ceramics to be sintered, and the humid hot air is extracted from the air outlet pipe 41 through the exhaust device, so as to achieve effective use of heat and prevent water vapor from entering the vertical kiln 7.

[0050] The above-mentioned intelligent temperature control system can automatically adjust the temperature in the upper tunnel kiln 4, the vertical kiln 7 and the lower tunnel kiln 5 according to the preset sintering program and temperature curve to ensure the sintering quality and glaze effect of the ceramic. Through the preheating of the upper tunnel kiln 4, the heating sintering of the vertical kiln 7 and the cooling and curing of the lower tunnel kiln 5, a complete sintering process chain is formed to ensure the quality and performance of the ceramic products, and realize the continuous treatment of red mud-based ceramics from preheating, sintering to cooling, which greatly improves the production efficiency. And the cold air in the lower tunnel kiln 5 is introduced by the fan 11 to cool the ceramics, and the hot air generated by the cooling is blown into the upper tunnel kiln 4 to preheat the ceramics to be sintered, which effectively reduces energy consumption, and the air flowing from the lower tunnel kiln 5 and the upper tunnel kiln 4 will not have a serious impact on the air in the vertical kiln 7, avoiding the temperature and humidity of the vertical kiln 7. The change is large, further improving the energy utilization efficiency, and ensuring the stability of the ceramic quality. In addition, the design of the spiral track allows the ceramics to be evenly heated during the heating process, promoting the uniform formation of the glaze and the optimization of the ceramic structure.

[0051] See also Figure 2 As shown in FIG3 , in this embodiment, a central tube 8 is fixed at the center of the vertical kiln 7, and the spiral track 6 is arranged around the outer wall of the central tube 8;

[0052] The upper end of the central tube 8 is open, and the inner wall of the lower end is provided with a plurality of air outlets 81 to realize the internal and external circulation of air.

[0053] In this embodiment, blades 86 and a rotating shaft 91 are rotatably disposed in the central tube 8 . The rotating shaft 91 passes through the top of the vertical kiln 7 and is connected to an external driving motor 9 .

[0054] The blades 86 are driven to rotate by the driving motor 9 to promote the air flow in the central tube 8, thereby realizing the internal and external circulation of air between the vertical kiln 7 and the central tube 8, making the temperature distribution in the vertical kiln 7 more uniform, and effectively avoiding the phenomenon of heat accumulation at the top caused by the rising hot air.

[0055] In this embodiment, a circle of heating tubes 85 is evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the central tube 8. The heating tubes 85 heat the air flowing through the central tube 8, thereby avoiding direct heat radiation heating of the ceramics in the vertical kiln 7, ensuring that the ceramics are heated evenly during the sintering process, effectively solving the problem that the external temperature of the ceramics near the heat source is higher than the temperature of the ceramics far from the heat source and the internal temperature, and improving the sintering quality and yield rate of the ceramics.

[0056] Please refer to FIG. 4 . In this embodiment, each of the air outlets 81 is provided with a baffle 82 , and one side of the baffle 82 is rotatably connected to the central tube 8 .

[0057] A gear 83 is fixed to the lower end of the baffle 82, and a gear ring 84 is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the central tube 8. The gear ring 84 meshes with each of the gears 83. The rotation of the gear ring 84 can drive all the gears 83 and the corresponding baffles 82 to rotate synchronously, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the baffle 82.

[0058] The gear ring 84 is controlled to rotate by a servo motor. By precisely controlling the operation of the servo motor, the tilt angle of the baffle 82 can be precisely adjusted.

[0059] By controlling the inclination angle of the baffle 82, the flow rate and direction of the air flowing out of the air outlet 81 can be controlled. The smaller the opening of the air outlet 81, the faster the flow rate. At the same time, the air flows out of the air outlet 81 into the vertical kiln 7 in a spiral manner, so that the ceramics in the vertical kiln 7 are heated more evenly.

[0060] The spiral air flow mode changes the flow path of the air in the vertical kiln 7 so that the air can be more evenly distributed throughout the vertical kiln 7, which helps to ensure that the ceramic body is heated more evenly during the sintering process, promotes the diffusion and penetration of gas molecules on the surface of the ceramic body, helps to accelerate the material transfer and chemical reaction process inside the body, and helps to form a denser sintered body and a more uniform microstructure, thereby improving the strength and hardness of the ceramic.

[0061] See also Figure 5 In this embodiment, an inner channel 12 with a trumpet-shaped cross section is provided at the position corresponding to each connecting channel 10 below the upper tunnel kiln 4 and the lower tunnel kiln 5, and two V-shaped lower guide plates 13 are rotatably provided at the bottom opening of the inner channel 12;

[0062] A plurality of side guide plates 16 are rotatably disposed on both sides above the inner channel 12 .

[0063] The input track 2 or the output track 3 is located inside the inner channel 12. Part of the air rising from the bottom flows from the bottom opening of the inner channel 12 to the bottom of the ceramic, and the other part flows from both sides of the inner channel 12 through the side guide plates 16 to both sides of the ceramic, so that the air flows evenly onto the ceramic.

[0064] In this embodiment, the two lower guide plates 13 are both hinged with a connecting rod 14 , and the lower end of the connecting rod 14 is hinged to the piston shaft of the lower lifting cylinder 15 .

[0065] The lifting and lowering of the lower lifting cylinder 15 can push the two lower guide plates 13 to rotate in opposite directions, thereby adjusting the opening size of the lower guide plates 13 to control the ratio of air flowing to the bottom of the ceramic and to the two sides of the ceramic.

[0066] See also Figure 7 In this embodiment, the multiple side guide plates 16 on each side are parallel to each other, and the side guide plates 16 are provided with slide grooves 17. The slide grooves 17 of each side guide plate 16 on the same side are slidably connected to the lifting rods 18, and each of the lifting rods 18 is connected to the side lifting cylinders 19.

[0067] By controlling the lifting and lowering of the lifting rod 18 through the side lifting cylinder 19, each side guide plate 16 on this side can be driven to tilt synchronously, thereby changing the angle of air flowing to both sides of the ceramic to adapt to ceramics of different shapes and specifications.

[0068] In specific implementation, the wind in the lower tunnel kiln is introduced into the upper tunnel kiln 4 through the connecting channel, and the ceramics are sent into the upper tunnel kiln 4 through the input track 2 for preheating;

[0069] The preheated hot air is extracted, and when the ceramic is preheated, it is sent to the vertical kiln 7 through the spiral track 6 for heating and sintering. In the vertical kiln 7, the ceramic will be heated and sintered around the spiral track 6 of the central tube 8;

[0070] The driving motor 9 drives the blades 86 to rotate, thereby promoting the air flow in the central tube 8 and realizing the internal and external circulation of air between the vertical kiln 7 and the central tube 8. As needed, the servo motor adjusts the inclination angle of the baffle 82 to control the air flow rate and direction out of the air outlet to ensure uniform heating of the ceramics.

[0071] After the cooling and curing sintering is completed, the ceramic is sent to the lower tunnel kiln 5 through the spiral track 6 for cooling and curing. By adjusting the inclination angle of the lower guide plate 13 and the side guide plate 16, the proportion of air flowing to the bottom and both sides of the ceramic is controlled to ensure uniform cooling of the ceramic.

[0072] When the ceramics have completed cooling and solidification in the lower tunnel kiln, they are sent out of the kiln.

[0073] What has been described above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Intelligent temperature-controlled track kiln for sintering red mud-based ceramics, characterized in that: include: A bracket (1), wherein an input track (2) and an output track (3) are distributed above and below the bracket (1); An upper tunnel kiln (4), wherein the input track (2) is located in the upper tunnel kiln (4) and is used for preheating ceramics and drying glaze; A lower tunnel kiln (5), wherein the output track (3) is located in the lower tunnel kiln (5) and is used for cooling and curing ceramics; A vertical kiln (7) is used for heating and sintering ceramics, and is provided with a three-dimensional spiral track (6) inside. The input end of the spiral track (6) is connected to the input track (2), and the output end of the spiral track (6) is connected to the output track (3). The upper tunnel kiln (4) and the lower tunnel kiln (5) are connected to the vertical kiln (7) to achieve continuous processing of ceramics from preheating to sintering and then cooling. A plurality of connecting passages (10) are distributed between the upper tunnel kiln (4) and the lower tunnel kiln (5), and a fan (11) is installed in each of the connecting passages (10); The upper tunnel kiln (4) is connected to the air outlet pipe (41) at a position corresponding to each connecting channel (10); The position of the lower tunnel kiln (5) corresponding to each connecting channel (10) is connected to the air inlet pipe (51); The end of the air outlet pipe (41) is connected to an exhaust device, which introduces cold air from the air inlet pipe (51) into the lower tunnel kiln (5) through the fan (11) to cool the ceramics, and at the same time blows the cooled hot air into the upper tunnel kiln (4) to preheat the ceramics to be sintered, and exhausts the moist hot air from the air outlet pipe (41) through the exhaust device; A central tube (8) is fixed at the center of the vertical kiln (7), and the spiral track (6) is arranged around the outer wall of the central tube (8); The upper end of the central tube (8) is open, and the inner side wall of the lower end is provided with a plurality of air outlets (81) to achieve internal and external circulation of air; A baffle (82) is provided at each of the air outlets (81), and one side of the baffle (82) is rotatably connected to the central tube (8); A gear (83) is fixed at the lower end of the baffle (82); a gear ring (84) is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the central tube (8); the gear ring (84) is meshed with each gear (83); the rotation of the gear ring (84) can drive all the gears (83) and the corresponding baffle (82) to rotate synchronously, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the baffle (82); The gear ring (84) is controlled to rotate by a servo motor, and by precisely controlling the operation of the servo motor, the inclination angle of the baffle (82) can be precisely adjusted.

2. The intelligent temperature-controlled orbital kiln for sintering red mud-based ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: Blades (86) and a rotating shaft (91) are rotatably arranged in the central tube (8); the rotating shaft (91) passes through the top of the vertical kiln (7) and is connected to an external driving motor (9).

3. The intelligent temperature-controlled orbital kiln for sintering red mud-based ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circle of heating tubes (85) is evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the central tube (8).

4. The intelligent temperature-controlled orbital kiln for sintering red mud-based ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner channel (12) having a trumpet-shaped cross section is provided at a position corresponding to each connecting channel (10) below the upper tunnel kiln (4) and the lower tunnel kiln (5), and two V-shaped lower guide plates (13) are rotatably provided at the bottom opening of the inner channel (12); A plurality of side guide plates (16) are rotatably arranged on both sides above the inner channel (12).

5. The intelligent temperature-controlled orbital kiln for sintering red mud-based ceramics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two lower guide plates (13) are both hingedly connected to a connecting rod (14), and the lower end of the connecting rod (14) is hingedly connected to the piston shaft of the lower lifting cylinder (15).

6. The intelligent temperature-controlled orbital kiln for sintering red mud-based ceramics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multiple side guide plates (16) on each side are parallel to each other, and the side guide plates (16) are provided with a slide groove (17). The slide groove (17) of each side guide plate (16) on the same side is slidably connected to a lifting rod (18), and each lifting rod (18) is connected to a side lifting cylinder (19).

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