Dam surface deformation monitoring method, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a dam surface deformation monitoring method and device and a medium. The method comprises the steps that a first GNSS signal of a monitoring station and a second GNSS signal of a base station are acquired; the monitoring station is deployed on the surface of the dam; performing three-dimensional positioning on the monitoring station according to the first GNSS signal to obtain a first measurement position coordinate of the monitoring station; performing three-dimensional positioning on the base station according to the second GNSS signal to obtain a second measurement position coordinate of the base station, and comparing the actual position coordinate of the base station with the second measurement position coordinate to obtain a differential correction value; correcting the first measurement position coordinate according to the differential correction quantity to obtain a third measurement position coordinate of the monitoring station; and comparing the third measurement position coordinate with the actual position coordinate of the monitoring station to obtain the variable quantity of the monitoring station, and determining the deformation level of the dam according to the variable quantity. And the deformation monitoring accuracy and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of dam monitoring, and in particular to a method, equipment and medium for monitoring dam surface deformation. Background Art

[0002] Dams are important structures in water conservancy projects, used for water storage, flood control, power generation, etc. However, during long-term operation, dams may be affected by a variety of factors, such as geological conditions, water level changes, earthquakes, etc., causing them to deform. The deformation of the dam may affect its safety and stability, so real-time monitoring and evaluation are required.

[0003] At present, the main methods for monitoring dam deformation include leveling, total station measurement, etc. These methods require the deployment of a large number of monitoring points on the dam, and the measurement process is relatively cumbersome, making it difficult to achieve real-time continuous monitoring. In addition, these methods can only provide discrete monitoring point data and cannot fully reflect the overall deformation of the dam, resulting in low accuracy and efficiency in dam surface deformation monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a dam surface deformation monitoring method, device and medium, which are used to solve the problems of low accuracy and efficiency in dam surface deformation monitoring.

[0005] The present application embodiment adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for monitoring dam surface deformation, the method comprising: acquiring a first GNSS signal of a monitoring station and a second GNSS signal of a reference station; the monitoring station is deployed on the surface of the dam; three-dimensionally positioning the monitoring station according to the first GNSS signal to obtain a first measurement position coordinate of the monitoring station; and three-dimensionally positioning the reference station according to the second GNSS signal to obtain a second measurement position coordinate of the reference station, comparing the actual position coordinate of the reference station with the second measurement position coordinate to obtain a differential correction; correcting the first measurement position coordinate according to the differential correction to obtain a third measurement position coordinate of the monitoring station; comparing the third measurement position coordinate with the actual position coordinate of the monitoring station to obtain a change in the monitoring station, and determining the deformation grade of the dam according to the change.

[0007] In one example, acquiring a first GNSS signal of a monitoring station and a second GNSS signal of a base station specifically includes: receiving the first GNSS signal and the second GNSS signal through a data transmission network, setting a priority queue in the data transmission network, wherein a transmission priority of the first GNSS signal is higher than a transmission priority of system log data of the monitoring station, and a transmission priority of the second GNSS signal is higher than a transmission priority of system log data of the base station.

[0008] In one example, the receiving of the first GNSS signal and the second GNSS signal through the data transmission network specifically includes: receiving the first GNSS signal and the second GNSS signal through an optimal path of the data transmission network; the optimal path is dynamically selected by a routing device, wherein the routing device obtains historical transmission information and current transmission information of each path in the data transmission network within a preset historical time period, inputs the historical transmission information into a pre-built network status prediction network model, obtains the network status of each path in the future time period, compares the network status with the current transmission information, and prioritizes each path.

[0009] In one example, comparing the network status with the current transmission information and prioritizing each path specifically includes:

[0010] The routing device divides the paths according to the network conditions to obtain a first path set and a second path set; the first path set includes faulty paths, and the second path set includes non-faulty paths; the faulty paths in the first path set are determined as the lowest priority; in the second path set, the bandwidth of the non-faulty paths is compared with the total bandwidth requirement in the current transmission information to obtain a third path set and a fourth path set; in the third path set, the bandwidth of the non-faulty paths is lower than or equal to the total bandwidth requirement, and in the fourth path set, the bandwidth of the non-faulty paths is higher than the total bandwidth requirement; the non-faulty paths in the third path set are determined as low priority; in the fourth path set, the non-faulty paths are sorted according to the transmission delay rate of the non-faulty paths; the non-faulty paths with a preset number of top rankings are determined as optimal paths, and the non-faulty paths in the fourth path set except the optimal path are determined as high priority.

[0011] In one example, before comparing the actual position coordinates of the base station with the second measured position coordinates to obtain a differential correction amount, the method also includes: obtaining a second measured position coordinate sequence of the base station within a preset historical time length; in the second measured position coordinate sequence, calculating the coordinate difference between adjacent time points to obtain multiple first differences; calculating the current difference between the second measured position coordinate and the latest second measured position coordinate in the second measured position coordinate sequence; respectively calculating the second difference between the current difference and each difference, and when the second difference exceeds a difference threshold, generating displacement warning information of the base station, and sending the displacement warning information to a management user terminal to update the actual position coordinates of the base station.

[0012] In one example, before obtaining the first GNSS signal of the monitoring station and the second GNSS signal of the reference station, the method further includes: obtaining structural parameters and geological conditions of the dam; inputting the structural parameters and geological conditions into a pre-constructed deformation area prediction network model to obtain the surface deformable area of ​​the dam; and generating the surface deployment position of the monitoring station according to a pre-set monitoring station deployment rule and the surface deformable area.

[0013] In one example, the first measurement position coordinates are corrected according to the differential correction amount to obtain the third measurement position coordinates of the monitoring station, which specifically includes: determining whether the differential correction amount is less than a preset differential threshold; when it is less than, summing the differential correction amount with the first measurement position coordinates to obtain the third measurement position coordinates of the monitoring station.

[0014] In one example, determining the deformation level of the dam based on the change specifically includes: obtaining the rainfall in the area to which the dam belongs within a preset historical time period; determining the external environment compensation coefficient of the dam based on the rainfall; compensating the change based on the external environment compensation coefficient to obtain a compensated change; mapping the compensated change in a pre-constructed mapping relationship table to obtain the deformation level of the dam; the larger the compensated change, the higher the deformation level.

[0015] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a dam surface deformation monitoring device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute a dam surface deformation monitoring method as described in any one of the above.

[0016] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a non-volatile computer storage medium for monitoring dam surface deformation, storing computer executable instructions, wherein the computer executable instructions can execute any of the above-mentioned methods for monitoring dam surface deformation.

[0017] At least one of the above technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0018] Considering that GNSS signals are easily affected by various errors during the propagation process, differential correction can eliminate the common errors between the base station and the monitoring station, so that monitoring stations can be deployed at multiple key points on the dam surface. The automated monitoring system can perform uninterrupted monitoring, and the high-precision positioning technology of the Beidou system can be used to achieve comprehensive and accurate monitoring of the dam surface deformation, thereby enabling more efficient and accurate detection of abnormal changes on the dam surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a dam surface deformation monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 An architectural diagram of a dam surface deformation monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the layout of a dam surface deformation monitoring station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a dam surface deformation monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a process flow of a dam surface deformation monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method can be applied to different business fields, and some input parameters or intermediate results in the process allow manual intervention and adjustment to help improve accuracy.

[0027] The analysis method involved in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a terminal device or a server, and the present application does not impose any special restrictions on this. For the convenience of understanding and description, the following embodiments are described in detail by taking the server of the control center as an example.

[0028] It should be noted that the server may be a single device or a system consisting of multiple devices, that is, a distributed server, and this application does not make any specific limitation on this.

[0029] Figure 1 The process in includes the following steps:

[0030] S101: Acquire a first GNSS signal of a monitoring station and a second GNSS signal of a reference station; the monitoring station is deployed on the surface of the dam.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the dam needs to deploy multiple monitoring stations in advance. The monitoring stations include Beidou GNSS receivers, antennas, data loggers and other equipment. The monitoring stations are mainly responsible for measuring the vertical displacement and vertical displacement of the dam surface. The monitoring station deployment rules are pre-set, and the rules are as follows:

[0032] Monitoring section arrangement: The monitoring sections are arranged in directions perpendicular and parallel to the dam axis to form monitoring cross sections and monitoring longitudinal sections to ensure comprehensive coverage of key areas of the dam.

[0033] Cross-section selection: arrange monitoring cross-sections at the maximum height of the dam body, the joint section, the place where the terrain changes suddenly, the area with complex geological conditions, and the area where the buried pipes in the dam may be abnormal, with no less than 3 monitoring cross-sections in total.

[0034] Number of longitudinal sections: There are generally no less than 4 monitoring longitudinal sections, and the specific distribution is as follows: 1 to 2 monitoring points are arranged on both sides of the upstream and downstream of the dam crest. One monitoring point is arranged on the upstream dam slope above the normal water storage level. 1 to 3 and 1 to 2 monitoring points are arranged on the downstream dam slope above and below 1 / 2 of the dam height respectively. Spacing between monitoring points: According to the length of the dam axis, the spacing of the cross sections is adjusted accordingly to ensure the reasonable distribution of the monitoring points. Densification of monitoring points: For high dams in V-shaped valleys and dam sections with drastic terrain changes, especially those close to the two banks, the density of longitudinal monitoring points should be appropriately increased. Construction adjustment: During the construction process, ensure that the longitudinal monitoring points on the downstream face are located on a straight line parallel to the dam axis, and make corresponding adjustments based on the dam height. Observation pier setting: The monitoring points for horizontal and vertical displacements share the same observation pier to simplify the structure and improve data consistency.

[0035] Among them, since the surface deformable areas corresponding to different dams are different, the surface deformable areas of the current dam are predicted.

[0036] Specifically, first, the structural parameters and geological conditions of the dam are obtained. Then, the structural parameters and geological conditions are input into the pre-built deformation area prediction network model to obtain the surface deformable area of ​​the dam. The construction process of the deformation area prediction network model is as follows: the sample structural parameters, sample geological conditions and sample surface deformable area of ​​the sample dam are obtained, the sample structural parameters and sample geological conditions are used as sample inputs, the sample surface deformable area is used as a sample label, the neural network model architecture is trained, and the deformation area prediction network model is obtained.

[0037] It should be noted that structural parameters may include: 1. Dam height: the vertical height of the dam. 2. Dam crest length: the horizontal length of the top of the dam. 3. Dam body material: the main material used in the dam, such as earth-rock dam, concrete dam, etc. 4. Dam body thickness: the average thickness of the dam. 5. Dam foundation depth: the buried depth of the dam foundation. 6. Dam foundation geological conditions: the geological characteristics of the dam foundation, such as rock type, geological fault, soil type, etc. 7. Dam body internal structure: the internal structure information of the dam body, such as stratification, corridors, and spillways.

[0038] Geological conditions may include: 1. Topography: the undulations and slopes of the terrain in the area where the dam is located. 2. Geological structure: faults, folds and other geological structural features in the area. 3. Stratigraphic lithology: the rock type, bedding and stratum dip of the dam foundation and surrounding strata. 4. Soil properties: the physical properties of the soil, such as density, water content, compressibility, etc. 5. Groundwater conditions: groundwater level, aquifer distribution and permeability coefficient, etc.

[0039] In summary, the surface deployment positions of the monitoring stations are generated according to the preset monitoring station deployment rules and the surface deformable regions. That is, the monitoring station deployment rules determine a plurality of initial surface deployment positions, and if the surface deformable region does not exist in the plurality of initial surface deployment positions, the surface deformable region is added to the initial surface deployment position.

[0040] In summary, the design and layout of the monitoring station comprehensively considers the structural characteristics of the dam, the topographic and geological conditions, and the potential deformation areas, such as the upstream and downstream faces of the dam and the bank slopes on both sides. It can fully capture the deformation dynamics of the dam, provide comprehensive data support for the monitoring data analysis of the dam, and improve the monitoring accuracy.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the reference station can also be called a continuously operating reference station, which is the reference framework for monitoring the surface displacement of the entire reservoir dam. It provides a stable and reliable reference for the automatic monitoring system, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the monitoring data. The main equipment of the reference station includes: GNSS receiver, antenna switch, GNSS antenna, antenna protection cover, instrument cabinet, signal lightning arrester, etc.

[0042] The base station is required to be established at a location with a stable foundation. The GNSS base station site can be set up according to the following requirements:

[0043] Geological stability: The average annual subsidence and displacement of the site is less than 3mm to ensure the long-term stability of the base station.

[0044] Wide field of view: The base station should have a wide field of view, and the height of obstacles in the field of view should not exceed 15° to avoid blocking the GNSS signal.

[0045] Electromagnetic compatibility: The base station should be away from high-power radio transmission sources, such as TV stations, radio stations, microwave stations, etc., with a distance of no less than 200 meters; at the same time, it should be away from high-voltage transmission lines and microwave radio transmission channels, with a distance of no less than 50 meters to reduce electromagnetic interference.

[0046] Network proximity: The base station should be as close to the data transmission network as possible, and the distance to the monitoring point should not exceed 2 kilometers to ensure the efficiency and reliability of data transmission.

[0047] Antenna height: The height of the antenna should not be less than 2 meters to improve the quality and range of signal reception.

[0048] Observation mark stability: Observation marks should be kept away from vibration sources and built on bedrock as much as possible to reduce the impact of environmental factors on monitoring accuracy.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to ensure the real-time and accuracy of data transmission between the monitoring station, the reference station and the control center, a stable and efficient data transmission network is constructed. The key components of the network include photoelectric converters, network central nodes, optical fiber communication networks and wireless communication networks.

[0050] Among them, the photoelectric converter plays a vital role in this network. It is responsible for converting the received optical signal into an electrical signal, ensuring the effective conversion of the signal between different media, thereby improving the quality and reliability of signal transmission. As the central hub of data exchange, the switch not only supports high-speed data transmission, but also meets the access requirements of multiple monitoring sites. This design ensures high efficiency of data transmission and flexibility of network expansion. The optical fiber communication network constitutes the backbone of the entire data transmission network. With its stability and high speed, it provides a reliable transmission channel for a large amount of monitoring data. The use of optical fiber greatly reduces signal attenuation and enhances the anti-interference ability of data transmission. As a powerful supplement to the optical fiber network, the wireless communication network is particularly suitable for remote monitoring sites that are difficult to wire or monitoring occasions that require mobile deployment. The introduction of wireless networks has improved the flexibility of network deployment and adaptability to complex environments.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, during the data transmission process, through labeling processing, the system can identify different types of data packets and classify them. For example, real-time monitoring data of the displacement changes on the dam surface is considered a critical data packet and will be marked as a high priority. Data such as system logs or non-emergency status reports may be marked as lower priority. At the same time, multiple priority queues are set up inside the system to classify and queue data according to the importance level of the data. High-priority data packets will be queued first to ensure that they can be quickly transmitted to the control center through the network, and low-priority data packets will be arranged in the queue at the back, thereby ensuring the timely delivery of critical data and reducing delays and packet loss rates.

[0052] That is, a priority queue is set in the data transmission network, in which the transmission priority of the first GNSS signal is higher than the transmission priority of the monitoring station system log data, and the transmission priority of the second GNSS signal is higher than the transmission priority of the base station system log data.

[0053] Furthermore, in order to further improve the reliability and fault tolerance of the network, network redundancy is designed for the data transmission network.

[0054] Specifically, by deploying multiple transmission paths in the network, an intelligent routing algorithm is used to dynamically select the optimal path. Based on real-time network conditions and historical transmission information, the path with the lowest latency and least congestion is predicted and selected to achieve fast data transmission.

[0055] Among them, the current status of all paths in the network is continuously monitored, including but not limited to key performance indicators such as bandwidth utilization, latency, and packet loss rate. Through built-in sensors and monitoring tools, the status information of network nodes can be obtained in real time. In addition to the current status, the performance of the network in the past period of time will also be considered, historical transmission information will be analyzed, and network conditions will be predicted. In this way, adjustments can be made in advance before network conditions change, and a better path can be selected.

[0056] This allows it to dynamically select the best path for each data packet. When a path is detected to have degraded performance or a failure, it can immediately redirect data to another path with better performance. When a network failure occurs, it can quickly identify the affected area, automatically bypass the failure point, and select an alternative path for data transmission, minimizing the impact of network interruptions on data transmission.

[0057] Specifically, the control center receives the first GNSS signal and the second GNSS signal through an optimal path of the data transmission network, wherein the optimal path is obtained by dynamic selection of a routing device.

[0058] The routing device obtains the historical transmission information and current transmission information of each path in the data transmission network within a preset historical period, inputs the historical transmission information into a pre-built network status prediction network model, obtains the network status of each path in the future period, compares the network status with the current transmission information, and prioritizes each path.

[0059] It should be noted that historical transmission information may include: 1. Path: the specific path that the data packet passes through, such as a series of routers or links between the source node and the destination node. 2. Transmission time: the transmission time of the data packet on each path, including sending time, queuing time, transmission time and receiving time. 3. Transmission speed: the transmission speed of the data packet on each path, usually in bits per second or bytes per second. 4. Packet loss rate: the proportion of data packets lost during transmission. 5. Delay: the total delay time experienced by the data packet from sending to receiving. 6. Jitter: the difference in the arrival time of the data packet, reflecting the degree of instability in the transmission process.

[0060] The current transmission information may include the number of data packets to be transmitted, the bandwidth occupancy of each data packet to be transmitted, the transmission time of each data packet to be transmitted, etc.

[0061] The network status is a comprehensive evaluation and description of the transmission information, reflecting the performance and stability of the network corresponding to the path. The network status can include the following aspects: 1. Network quality: such as network delay, packet loss rate, bandwidth utilization and other indicators, reflecting the overall performance of the network. 2. Reliability: The reliability of the network, including the transmission success rate and anti-interference ability of data packets. 3. Congestion: Whether there is congestion in the network, as well as the degree and location of the congestion. 4. Link status: The availability and health of the link, such as whether there is a fault or damage. 5. Security: The security risk of the network, such as whether there is a network attack or malicious activity.

[0062] Among them, the construction process of the network status prediction network model is as follows: for the sample dam, the sample routing device obtains the sample historical transmission information, the sample current transmission information and the sample network status in the future time for each path in the data transmission network within the preset historical time length, and takes the sample historical transmission information and the sample current transmission information as the sample input, and takes the sample network status as the sample label, and trains the initial neural network model architecture to obtain the network status prediction network model.

[0063] The process of comparing the network status with the current transmission information and prioritizing each path is as follows:

[0064] The routing device divides the paths according to the network status to obtain a first path set and a second path set, wherein the first path set includes faulty paths and the second path set includes non-faulty paths.

[0065] Then, the faulty path in the first path set is determined as the lowest priority.

[0066] Then, in the second path set, the bandwidth of the non-faulty path is compared with the total bandwidth requirement in the current transmission information to obtain a third path set and a fourth path set. In the third path set, the bandwidth of the non-faulty path is lower than or equal to the total bandwidth requirement, and in the fourth path set, the bandwidth of the non-faulty path is higher than the total bandwidth requirement.

[0067] It should be noted that when the total bandwidth requirement is higher, it means that the transmission time of these data packets in this path is longer.

[0068] Then, the non-faulty paths in the third path set are determined as low priorities.

[0069] Then, in the fourth path set, the non-faulty paths are sorted according to the transmission delay rates of the non-faulty paths.

[0070] Finally, a preset number of non-faulty paths ranked at the front are determined as optimal paths, and non-faulty paths in the fourth path set other than the optimal path are determined as high priority.

[0071] It should be noted that the order of priority from high to low is: best, high priority, low priority, lowest priority.

[0072] In addition, you can also set up and deploy a high-performance hardware load balancer to implement load balancing technology, and the system supports automatic elastic scaling, which means that when the activity of the monitoring station increases, the system can automatically increase network resources, and vice versa. In this way, the network is always in the best working state, neither overusing nor wasting resources.

[0073] In summary, the data transmission network not only performs well in routine operation, but also maintains stability and efficiency of data transmission even when some components fail or the transmission network is under high load, providing a solid data transmission guarantee for the dam surface deformation automatic monitoring system.

[0074] S102: Perform three-dimensional positioning of the monitoring station according to the first GNSS signal to obtain the first measurement position coordinates of the monitoring station; and perform three-dimensional positioning of the base station according to the second GNSS signal to obtain the second measurement position coordinates of the base station, and compare the actual position coordinates of the base station with the second measurement position coordinates to obtain a differential correction amount.

[0075] It should be noted that the GNSS receiver at the monitoring station receives signals from multiple satellites. These signals contain the location of the satellite, the time of launch, and other relevant information. The control center then processes the received satellite signals, including demodulation, decoding, and measuring parameters such as the arrival time and phase of the signal. Then, by measuring the arrival time of the satellite signal, the pseudorange between the satellite and the monitoring station can be calculated. The pseudorange is an estimate of the distance obtained by multiplying the propagation time of the satellite signal by the speed of light. Finally, using the pseudorange measurements from multiple satellites, the location of the monitoring station can be determined by triangulation or other positioning algorithms. Usually, measurements from at least four satellites are required for three-dimensional positioning. The coordinate system commonly used is the Earth coordinate system, such as WGS84.

[0076] It should be noted that, although the base station is theoretically fixed and does not move, in reality, the base station may also move due to various special reasons. Therefore, it is necessary to calibrate whether the reference point itself moves, so as to maintain the long-term accuracy of the monitoring data. Even if there are multiple errors in the propagation process of satellite signals, the errors in the propagation process are limited. Therefore, when multiple measurement values ​​change significantly within a period of time, it means that the base station is likely to move.

[0077] Based on this, first, obtain the second measurement position coordinate sequence of the base station within the preset historical time length. Then, in the second measurement position coordinate sequence, calculate the coordinate difference of adjacent time points to obtain multiple first difference values. Then, calculate the current difference between the second measurement position coordinate and the latest second measurement position coordinate in the second measurement position coordinate sequence. Finally, calculate the second difference between the current difference and each difference respectively. When the second difference exceeds the difference threshold, generate the displacement warning information of the base station, and send the displacement warning information to the management user terminal to update the actual position coordinates of the base station. At this time, the user will confirm whether the base station has been displaced. If not, there is no need to update the actual position coordinates of the base station.

[0078] When the actual position coordinates of the reference station are compared with the second measured position coordinates, the difference between the second measured position coordinates and the actual position coordinates of the reference station is obtained, and the difference result is the differential correction amount.

[0079] S103: Correcting the first measurement position coordinates according to the differential correction amount to obtain the third measurement position coordinates of the monitoring station.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, it is determined whether the differential correction amount is less than a preset differential threshold.

[0081] When is less than , the differential correction amount is summed with the first measurement position coordinate to obtain the third measurement position coordinate of the monitoring station.

[0082] Since there will be no significant difference between the measured position coordinates and the actual position coordinates of the base station, when it is greater than or equal to, it means that the second measured position coordinates or the actual position coordinates of the base station do not conform to the normal scene. Therefore, the first measured position coordinates are no longer corrected at this time, but the second measured position coordinates and the actual position coordinates of the base station are sent to the management user terminal to update the second measured position coordinates or the actual position coordinates.

[0083] For example, the differential correction is as follows:

[0084] ΔX=XX′

[0085] ΔY=YY′

[0086] AZ=ZZ′

[0087] Wherein, X is the horizontal coordinate of the second measurement position, X′ is the horizontal coordinate of the actual position of the reference station, Y is the vertical coordinate of the second measurement position, Y′ is the vertical coordinate of the actual position of the reference station, Z is the vertical coordinate of the second measurement position, and Z′ is the vertical coordinate of the actual position of the reference station.

[0088] The third measurement position coordinates are as follows:

[0089] Xk=X+AX

[0090] Y+ΔY

[0091] Zk=ZZ+ΔZ

[0092] Among them, X′ k is the horizontal coordinate of the first measurement position, Y k ' is the ordinate of the first measurement position, Z' k is the vertical coordinate of the first measurement position.

[0093] S104: Compare the third measured position coordinates with the actual position coordinates of the monitoring station to obtain a change in the monitoring station, and determine the deformation level of the dam according to the change.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present application, the difference between the third measured position coordinates and the actual position coordinates of the monitoring station is obtained to obtain the change amount of the monitoring station. Since the meteorological environment has a great influence on the surface deformation of the dam, for example, in the rainy season, when the continuous rainfall is relatively high, it is easy to cause the surface of the dam to deform.

[0095] Based on this, first, the rainfall in the area to which the dam belongs in the preset historical time period is obtained. Then, the external environment compensation coefficient of the dam is determined according to the rainfall. Then, the change is compensated according to the external environment compensation coefficient to obtain the compensation change. Finally, the compensation change is mapped in the pre-constructed mapping relationship table to obtain the deformation level of the dam. The larger the compensation change, the higher the deformation level.

[0096] It should be noted that the greater the rainfall, the higher the compensation coefficient. When the compensation coefficient is greater than 1, the compensation change is obtained by multiplying the external environment compensation coefficient by the change.

[0097] If the change in the monitoring point exceeds the preset safety threshold, the alarm mechanism will be automatically triggered. The control system will immediately send the alarm information to relevant personnel via SMS, email or other communication methods to ensure timely response measures.

[0098] In summary, by deploying monitoring stations at key locations on the dam surface, collecting Beidou satellite signals in real time, and combining network communication technology and computer technology, it is possible to automatically collect, process and analyze dam deformation data in real time and provide early warning information. It takes into account the needs of all-weather and continuous monitoring, and has high-frequency data output capabilities to meet the accuracy requirements of dam deformation monitoring.

[0099] It should be noted that although the embodiments of the present application are based on Figure 1Steps S101 to S104 are described in sequence, but this does not mean that steps S101 to S104 must be performed in a strict order. Figure 1 The order shown in the figure is to introduce and explain step S101 to step S104 in sequence, in order to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application. In other words, in the embodiment of the present application, the order between step S101 to step S104 can be appropriately adjusted according to actual needs.

[0100] pass Figure 1 The GNSS signal is easily affected by various errors during the propagation process. The common errors between the base station and the monitoring station can be eliminated through differential correction. Therefore, monitoring stations are deployed at multiple key points on the dam surface. The automated monitoring system performs uninterrupted monitoring. Through the high-precision positioning technology of the Beidou system, comprehensive and accurate monitoring of the dam surface deformation is achieved, so that abnormal changes on the dam surface can be discovered more efficiently and accurately.

[0101] Furthermore, the deformation area of ​​key points of the deployment locations of monitoring stations is predicted to improve monitoring accuracy.

[0102] Furthermore, by analyzing the packet priority queues and path priorities, the data transmission network not only performs well in normal operation, but also maintains the stability and efficiency of data transmission even when some components fail or the network load is high.

[0103] Furthermore, the calibration base station itself is used to determine whether there is any displacement, thereby maintaining the long-term accuracy of the monitoring data and improving the accuracy of dam surface deformation monitoring.

[0104] Furthermore, the influence of the external environment on the deformation of the dam is considered to improve the accuracy of dam surface deformation monitoring.

[0105] More intuitively, Figure 2 An architectural diagram of a dam surface deformation monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0106] exist Figure 2 In the project, the GNSS automatic monitoring method with integrated Beidou high-precision positioning technology is used to carry out real-time automatic monitoring of the reservoir surface displacement. The system construction process includes four parts: base station setting, monitoring station setting, data transmission network construction, and control center establishment.

[0107] Among them, the base station and several monitoring stations include GNSS antennas, coaxial cables, and GNSS receivers. The GNSS receivers receive GNSS signals in real time, which reflect the precise positions of the monitoring stations and base stations on the surface of the dam. The GNSS signals collected by the GNSS receivers are transmitted to the control center in real time through the data communication network. The data transmission network includes photoelectric converters and routing switches.

[0108] The establishment of a control center is a key step in achieving high-precision and high-efficiency monitoring. The control center is equipped with a data processing server and data analysis software, which has powerful data processing capabilities. It can receive (collect) and process a large amount of data from each monitoring station in real time, and quickly generate accurate analysis results. If the change in the monitoring point exceeds the preset safety threshold, the data analysis software will automatically trigger the alarm mechanism and provide alarm feedback.

[0109] More intuitively, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the layout of a dam surface deformation monitoring station provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0110] exist Figure 3 In the dam, multiple displacement monitoring points are distributed on the surface of the dam, and the displacement reference points are deployed at stable positions far away from the dam.

[0111] Based on the same idea, some embodiments of the present application also provide devices and non-volatile computer storage media corresponding to the above methods.

[0112] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dam surface deformation monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

[0113] at least one processor; and,

[0114] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0115] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute any one of the above-mentioned methods for monitoring dam surface deformation.

[0116] Some embodiments of the present application provide a non-volatile computer storage medium for monitoring dam surface deformation, storing computer executable instructions, wherein the computer executable instructions can execute any one of the above-mentioned methods for monitoring dam surface deformation.

[0117] Each embodiment in this application is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device and medium embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiments.

[0118] The devices and media provided in the embodiments of the present application correspond one-to-one to the methods. Therefore, the devices and media also have similar beneficial technical effects as the corresponding methods. Since the beneficial technical effects of the methods have been described in detail above, the beneficial technical effects of the devices and media will not be repeated here.

[0119] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0120] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0121] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0122] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0123] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0124] The memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0125] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0126] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0127] The above is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the technical principle of the present application should all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring dam surface deformation, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire a first GNSS signal of a monitoring station and a second GNSS signal of a reference station; the monitoring station is deployed on the surface of the dam; Performing three-dimensional positioning of the monitoring station according to the first GNSS signal to obtain first measured position coordinates of the monitoring station; and performing three-dimensional positioning of the reference station according to the second GNSS signal to obtain second measured position coordinates of the reference station, and comparing the actual position coordinates of the reference station with the second measured position coordinates to obtain a differential correction amount; Correcting the first measurement position coordinates according to the differential correction amount to obtain the third measurement position coordinates of the monitoring station; The third measured position coordinates are compared with the actual position coordinates of the monitoring station to obtain a change in the monitoring station, and the deformation level of the dam is determined based on the change.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The acquiring of the first GNSS signal of the monitoring station and the second GNSS signal of the reference station specifically includes: The first GNSS signal and the second GNSS signal are received through a data transmission network, and a priority queue is set in the data transmission network. In the priority queue, the transmission priority of the first GNSS signal is higher than the transmission priority of the monitoring station system log data, and the transmission priority of the second GNSS signal is higher than the transmission priority of the base station system log data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The receiving the first GNSS signal and the second GNSS signal through the data transmission network specifically includes: The first GNSS signal and the second GNSS signal are received through an optimal path of the data transmission network; the optimal path is obtained by dynamic selection through a routing device, wherein the routing device obtains historical transmission information and current transmission information of each path in the data transmission network within a preset historical time period, inputs the historical transmission information into a pre-constructed network status prediction network model, obtains the network status of each path in a future time period, compares the network status with the current transmission information, and prioritizes each path.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The comparing the network status with the current transmission information and prioritizing each path specifically includes: The routing device divides the paths according to the network status to obtain a first path set and a second path set; the first path set includes faulty paths, and the second path set includes non-faulty paths; Determining the faulty path in the first path set as the lowest priority; In the second path set, the bandwidth of the non-faulty path is compared with the total bandwidth requirement in the current transmission information to obtain a third path set and a fourth path set; in the third path set, the bandwidth of the non-faulty path is lower than or equal to the total bandwidth requirement, and in the fourth path set, the bandwidth of the non-faulty path is higher than the total bandwidth requirement; Determining non-faulty paths in the third path set as low priorities; In the fourth path set, the non-faulty paths are sorted according to the transmission delay rates of the non-faulty paths; A preset number of non-faulty paths ranked first are determined as optimal paths, and non-faulty paths in the fourth path set other than the optimal path are determined as high priority.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before comparing the actual position coordinates of the reference station with the second measured position coordinates to obtain a differential correction amount, the method further includes: Acquire a second measurement position coordinate sequence of the reference station within a preset historical time length; In the second measured position coordinate sequence, calculating coordinate differences between adjacent time points to obtain a plurality of first differences; Calculating a current difference between the second measured position coordinate and the latest second measured position coordinate in the second measured position coordinate sequence; The second difference between the current difference and each difference is calculated respectively, and when the second difference exceeds the difference threshold, displacement warning information of the reference station is generated, and the displacement warning information is sent to the management user terminal to update the actual position coordinates of the reference station.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before acquiring the first GNSS signal of the monitoring station and the second GNSS signal of the reference station, the method further includes: Obtaining structural parameters and geological conditions of the dam; Inputting the structural parameters and geological conditions into a pre-constructed deformation zone prediction network model to obtain the surface deformable area of ​​the dam; The surface deployment position of the monitoring station is generated according to the preset monitoring station deployment rule and the surface deformable area.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of correcting the first measurement position coordinates according to the differential correction amount to obtain the third measurement position coordinates of the monitoring station specifically includes: Determining whether the differential correction amount is less than a preset differential threshold; When it is less than, the differential correction amount is summed with the first measurement position coordinate to obtain the third measurement position coordinate of the monitoring station.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the deformation level of the dam according to the change specifically includes: Obtaining the rainfall in the area to which the dam belongs within a preset historical time period; Determining the external environment compensation coefficient of the dam according to the rainfall; Compensating the variation according to the external environment compensation coefficient to obtain a compensated variation; In a pre-constructed mapping relationship table, the compensation change amount is mapped to obtain the deformation level of the dam; the larger the compensation change amount, the higher the deformation level.

9. A dam surface deformation monitoring device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; as well as, a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the dam surface deformation monitoring method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A non-volatile computer storage medium for monitoring dam surface deformation, storing computer executable instructions, characterized in that: The computer executable instructions can execute a dam surface deformation monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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